Newspaper World Research Articles

BEYOND THE GAME: INTERNATIONAL MEDIA ATTITUDES TOWARD INDONESIA'S CANCELLATION OF THE U20 WORLD CUP

In March 2023, Indonesia was confronted with a situation that was also a worldwide concern. The hosting of the U20 World Cup in Indonesia has been cancelled. This study, however, will not address the reasons why this could happen but rather the attitudes of the world's newspapers in reporting on the subject. It is significant because, as a nation which constantly seeking global recognition, Indonesia should be introspective by understanding the global community's perspectives on the problems that exist in Indonesia, which can be illustrated by news about Indonesia that exists in foreign newspapers. Furthermore, attitude analysis can be done using Appraisal Theory. This study sampled three articles from online news: BBC, CNA, and The Straits Times. The data were analyzed by adopting a mix-method. The results obtained that the three news articles had negative attitudes perspective. Furthermore, the findings of this study's analysis can be used as teaching material for language and communication students interested in becoming journalists or writing articles for print and online publications.

The Representation of the two American candidates of the U.S. presidential elections 2016 in the world's newspapers: a critical discourse analysis

The present study investigates the presentation of the two American candidates Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton in the presidential elections that occurred through the year 2016 in the world news. The study aims at examining how the Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) tools together with cognitive semantics tools are applied to highlight the representation of both candidates throughout the period of the elections (2016). The study focuses on the framing technique as a tool of the cognitive semantics and highlights how the choice of words affects the idea of representing each candidate whether positively or negatively.

Media Discourse Analysis: An Application of Goffman’s Frame Analysis

This paper presents an application of Goffman’s Frame Analysis on media discourse. The paper also presents another study by a Brazilian researcher who conducted a similar study comparing the media coverage of a news theme on a specific day, Christmas day. The media discourse example of this paper is taken from the Oscars awards ceremony 2016; particularly the press interview after the awarding ceremony. The incident at hand is the famous one by the Egyptian journalist who asked the Oscar winner Leonardo DiCaprio a meaningless question out of context whose video went viral on social media and famous world newspapers. The paper covers various frames that can help analyze the incident on linguistic, social, and even political backgrounds and it also provides possible interpretations of that incident in relation to frame analysis. Keywords: media, discourse ,Goffman, Oscars, frame analysis DOI : 10.7176/JEP/10-26-05 Publication date :September 30 th 2019

Typology of Meteorological Weather Forecast Maps Printed in World Newspapers

ABSTRACTThis paper presents the results of the analysis of more than 150 different printed newspaper weather forecasting maps, representing 91 global, national, regional and local daily news periodicals from 33 countries in 4 continents. The classification attention focused both on the character of the localizing background layer of the analysed maps as well as on the meteorological thematic layer. The results identify 12 types of background localizing maps and 47 used types of presentation of meteorological forecast information, only 19 of which were used repeatedly in more than one newspaper. All the findings were documented on comparable cartographic models. Conclusions suitable for practical applications are demonstrated in the discussion.

RELATIONS BETWEEN MEDIA AND CONFLICT:

Civil society is considered to be the arena of voluntary and collective action among shared interests, purposes and values that strengthens the social foundations of democracy in a state. As a part of the civil society, media enable every layer of the society to access free and open information. In other words, media with its journalistic products has become a free market to every element of the society to promote their ideas. Media will fight for influence, claim for the truth, and perform their own version of social reality. Not only as a channel, media can also place itself as a doer in defining social reality and pick any important and relevant issues. The content of mass media cannot be separated from news about conflict, especially those related to human rights. The term “Bad news is good news” seems to be the perspective use by reporters in their writings. News on conflict always becomes major headlines in many world newspapers, including Indonesia. Hard to deny that media, unaware or even aware, has make news on conflicts as a commodity, thus creating widespread public opinion. In a fragile democracy directed public opinion could jeopardize the structure of democratic civil society and human rights basis. That is why conflicts could threaten civil society life, especially here in Indonesia. Media role in reporting conflict has become a serious challenge for Indonesian democratic civil society life.

Carlos y Mí Ciudad / Charles Bowden and My Ciudad Juárez

Carlos y Mí Ciudad / Charles Bowden and My Ciudad Juárez Julián Cardona (bio) In a country where life is worth nothing, a photographic negative, which represents perhaps the smallest part of a life, is worth infinitely nothing. Charles Bowden arrived at the photographic archive of Diario de Juárez late on a spring day in 1993. He was looking for a photograph of a missing woman and the clerk called me to find it. It was our first meeting. Neither of us realized at the time that we would end up collaborating on three books: Juárez: The Laboratory of Our Future (1998); Exodus/Éxodo (2008); and Murder City: Ciudad Juárez and the Global Economy's New Killing Fields (2010). Part of my task was introducing Chuck to my city and the newspaper world in which I worked. "Archive" is a pretentious description of the narrow room where we photographers finished our work after an intense day during which some of us risked our lives. By routine, the man in charge, or his two subordinates, periodically destroyed original photos and negatives that were considered unnecessary, in order to make room for new material that, in time, would also go into the garbage. On the 10th anniversary of the 1986 international bridge-takings and blockades by the right-wing party protesting the electoral fraud, only one slide remained of what had been the biggest post-election challenge in the history of the Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI). When I went looking for slides of a birth defect perhaps caused by a maquiladora worker's inhalation of toxins, I found that they had been discarded as "no longer good for anything." They also tossed slides of the April 1996 apprehension of Los Rebeldes, a gang of men accused of murdering several women. I had photographed tearful mothers of the murdered women confronting the state governor at the end of a public ceremony. As the only [End Page 123] photographer present, I had hesitated to submit the photos to the editors and had considered keeping them instead. No one would know. The possiblity of censure worried me less than the negligence with which the photographs would be handled. In the end, I turned them over and these images also were lost. I began photographing for El Fronterizo. The day I was hired, my boss made me sign a waiver. It was his custom. I became the last photographer of the smallest newspaper in the city, a stage dominated by the staffs of Diario de Juárez (known on the street simply as El Diario) and El Norte. Jaime Bailleres, Manuel Sáenz, Gabriel Cardona, Raúl Lodoza, Héctor Dayer, and Octavio Díliz worked for El Diario, while Miguel Perea, Juan Antonio Castillo, Gabriel Mercado, and Ernesto Rodríguez worked for El Norte. El Fronterizo and El Norte had allied themselves against El Diario. While Miguel Perea was the chief photographer at El Norte, Ernesto Rodríguez was acting for himself. He often showed up with his FM2 camera to share material with my boss. One afternoon I heard shouts of celebration in the newsroom: "We ousted Bailleres [as chief photographer of El Diario] and we screwed them." El Fronterizo and El Norte frequently took advantage of news that El Diario did not cover, both papers publishing photos of these events on their covers. We El Fronterizo photojournalists were the lowest ranked. Protesters blockading the international bridges had received us very well, until they found out that we weren't working for El Diario. On the other hand, working for less prestigious newspapers burdened us with fewer responsibilities. El Fronterizo's building was old; its darkroom looked abandoned and gloomy. We spent evenings listening in the dark to Jaime Murrieta's fantastic stories, while Jasso, the photo technician, rocked film from side to side in a tray of Dektol, then hung the extended rolls by their ends to dry before printing them on glossy photographic paper. The three El Fronterizo photographers—Jesús Aguilera, Jaime Murrieta, and me—looked forward to Friday to indulge. A part of our paltry pay allowed us to eat at the Tragadero, a traditional restaurant...

Jefferson Davis's Final Campaign: Confederate Nationalism and the Fight to Arm Slaves by Philip D. Dillard

Reviewed by: Jefferson Davis's Final Campaign: Confederate Nationalism and the Fight to Arm Slaves by Philip D. Dillard Colin Woodward (bio) Jefferson Davis's Final Campaign: Confederate Nationalism and the Fight to Arm Slaves. By Philip D. Dillard. (Macon, Ga.: Mercer University Press, 2017. Pp. 285. $35.00 cloth) Philip Dillard examines the Confederate debate to arm the slaves in three states: Virginia, Georgia, and Texas. His book builds upon the work of Bruce Levine, Chandra Manning, Robert Durden and others who have examined the Confederacy's late-war effort to alter the relationship between master and slave. For most of the book, Dillard undertakes a state-by-state examination of the emancipation debate, which did not begin in earnest until late 1864 and concluded with Congress passing a bill to arm African Americans, though the original bill did not emancipate any slaves. Dillard sees Jefferson Davis's role as critical in promoting debate and facilitating emancipation and black recruitment (what little of it took place). Dillard argues that the Confederacy ultimately chose independence over the racial status quo. Writers on the Confederate black enlistment debate usually fall into two camps. On the one hand, there are those who think the debate was a half-hearted, last-ditch effort by a Confederacy that had [End Page 123] run out of options. On the other hand, there are those who see it as evidence of a revolution within a revolution, whereby Davis and his supporters wanted emancipation on the South's terms. Dillard's book will appeal to the latter camp, though his book mostly focuses on newspaper's role in shaping public opinion—not the inner workings of Davis, his cabinet, or the Confederate armies. Dillard's examination of Davis's role in the enlistment debate will contain little new information for scholars, and his exploration of how nationalism factored into the debate does not go far enough. What I found most interesting and original in the book was its attention to events in Texas. Unlike most Confederate states, Texas did not suffer serious wartime destruction. Dillard's analysis of public opinion there provides an interesting contrast to Virginia and Georgia, where battles where large and bloody and the war's effect on the civilian population dramatic. Texas, he shows, was resistant to emancipation because most of the state had not seen a Yankee. With the cotton trade and slavery thriving in Texas, why mess with success? Dillard's attention to changes in public opinion in Texas, Georgia, and Virginia are good, but the book, surprisingly, cites no manuscript sources. Thus, we get little sense of what those outside the newspaper world or high-ranking political circles thought. Had Dillard mined the vast archival sources available to him, he might have cut down on the book's repetitiveness. I lost track of how many times he reminds us of the Confederacy's late 1864 losses at Savannah and Nashville. He also quotes Howell Cobb as saying "if slaves will make good soldiers our whole idea of slavery is wrong" not once but twice (pp. 106–107, 132). Strictures aside, Dillard has written a good book. I am afraid it does not surpass Bruce Levine's Confederate Emancipation—still the best monograph on the subject. Even so, Dillard's work is focused, relevant, and timely. He has done the profession a valuable service. His book further undermines the absurd notion of there being armies of black Confederates troops at any point in wartime. After all, if there were tens of thousands of black Confederate troops in [End Page 124] existence before March 1865, why would Confederates have engaged in such a widespread debate on the subject? Sadly, many individuals will continue to believe whatever they want to believe. Nevertheless, with the help of Dillard and other historians writing on the topic of black Confederates, wrong-minded people will have even less reason for ignorance. Colin Woodward COLIN WOODWARD received his PhD in history from Louisiana State University–Baton Rouge. He is the author of Marching Masters: Slavery, Race, and the Confederate Army during the Civil War (2014) and is working on a book titled Country Boy: The Roots of Johnny...

“I believe in faking”: The Dilemma of Photographic Realism at the Dawn of Photojournalism

From about 1885 to 1910, the concept of the “fake” was an integral part of an ongoing debate in the USA over how best to represent reality for a mass journalistic audience. Nothing like the nefarious fraud its name might suggest, the term generally referred to the modest embellishment, invention, or correction of details in a story or a photograph to make it seem more vivid and truer to life. In both the newspaper press and the world of photography, some practitioners initially embraced the tactic as both useful for the practitioner and beneficial to the public. After the growing condemnation of the fake in the newspaper world helped to cement the increasing dominance of the professionalized journalist, in photography a vigorous debate carried out in the trade and popular press over the propriety and consequences of manipulating images helped to mark the boundaries of the emerging profession of photojournalism. The debate resonates to this day.

A longitudinal analysis on the perspectives of major world newspapers on the Three Gorges Dam project during 1982–2015

Abstract Media communications are least studied in river basin development projects. This paper aims to develop a longitudinal study on how a water resources development megaproject was reported by the world newspapers during its whole life cycle. The development of the Three Gorges Dam project in China (1982–2015) was taken as an example. Newspaper perspectives on eight evaluation themes: time, cost, quality, risk, benefit, social impact, environmental impact, and organization management were extracted from eight newspapers in the UK, the USA, Australia, and Singapore using a content analysis approach. The results show that the media coverage mainly appeared in the construction phase, with peak reporting times occurring in transition periods. Social and environmental aspects were the main concerns of the eight selected newspapers. The tone of the news coverage on the Three Gorges Dam was generally negative. These findings implied that media communications provide valuable insights into the social and environmental complexities of megaprojects in river basin development.

Imprinting Britain: newspapers, sociability, and the shaping of British North America

Printing presses were instrumental in creating and upholding a sense of community during the eighteenth century. While the importance of print in the development of colonial America and the nascent United States is well-established, Imprinting Britain extends the historical discussion northward to explore the dynamic and interrelated world of newspapers, coffee houses, and theatre in the British imperial capitals of Halifax and Quebec City. Michael Eamon describes how an English-language colonial community coalesced around the printed word, establishing public spaces for colonists to propose, debate, and define their visions of an ideal society. Whereas American newspapers functioned as incubators of republican and revolutionary thought, their British North American counterparts featured a moderate discourse that rejected republicanism, favoured civic engagement, advocated liberty with propriety, extolled democracy under monarchy, promoted reason over superstition, and encouraged social criticism without revolution. The press also safeguarded against the uncertainties of colonial life by providing a steady stream of transatlantic news, literature, and fashion that helped construct a sense of Britishness in an environment rife with mixed loyalties. Imprinting Britain is the story of communities that turned to the press for a canon of British norms, literary touchstones, and Enlightenment-inspired ideas, which offered a blueprint for colonial growth and a sense of stability in an ever-changing, transatlantic milieu.

American Journalism and the Landscape of Secrecy: Tad Szulc, the CIA and Cuba

AbstractThe relationship between secret services and the press is an enduring one. Although the CIA did not seek the kind of salient media profile enjoyed by the FBI, it nevertheless maintained an informal press office from its foundation in 1947. Directors of the CIA and their senior staff devoted significant time to the public profile of the Agency. Their efforts to engage with the world of newspapers divided journalists. Some saw it as their patriotic duty to assist the Agency, even reporting for it overseas, while other saw it as their constitutional role to oppose the Agency. This was especially true during the Vietnam War and Watergate. Thereafter, a more nuanced relationship developed in which the press saw themselves as an informal wing of new accountability processes that provided the intelligence community with oversight. This was ambiguous terrain and its complexities are explored here by focusing on the example of the prominent New York Times journalist Tad Szulc, whose complex relationship with the CIA spanned several decades and connected closely with the vexed issue of Kennedy and Cuba. Szulc played a number of roles including outrider, renegade and overseer, but there was confusion about who was servant and who was master.

Vietnam. The birth of Vietnamese political journalism: Saigon 1926–1930. By Philippe M.F. Peycam. New York: Columbia University Press, 2012. Pp. 306, Maps, Notes, Bibliography, Index.

Vietnam. The birth of Vietnamese political journalism: Saigon 1926–1930. By Philippe M.F. Peycam. New York: Columbia University Press, 2012. Pp. 306, Maps, Notes, Bibliography, Index. - Volume 44 Issue 2

REVIEW: Noted: Press Freedom tribute

Review of: Magnum Photos - 101 Photos for Press Freedom. Paris: Reporters Sans Frontières. 2010, 144pp. ISBN 978-2-915536-89-8.The Magnum Photos 101 volume marking RSF's 25th year presents many of contemporary history's best known photographs. Many of them iconic and have featured in the world's newspapers and magazines.

Fighting Discrimination in Failure Assessment Posts

Wage discrimination as a topical issue of world newspapers, was the main argument in the development and implementation of job evaluation within companies. In this paper, citing failure to demonstrate current valuation techniques in combating discrimination and thus justifies the need for improvement or identification of new methods.

Saudi EFL students’ reading interests

This study investigates the reading interests of Saudi EFL teacher–college students’ reading interests in English, the obstacles hindering their reading efforts, the persons who help them choose their reading materials, the factors which determine their choice of reading materials and the reasons why they read. The statistical analysis of the questionnaire returned by 460 respondents revealed that the students have a wide range of reading interests, the top of which are stories, adventure books, books about religion, magazines about the internet, newspaper world events, magazines about computer, magazines about new advances in technology, sports magazines, newspaper local interests, newspaper sports sections, books about the internet, picture magazines, books about computers, novels, poetry, and plays. On the other hand, they are found to dislike books about economics. The findings also showed that the obstacles that hinder their reading efforts are rare visits to the library, inability to get books quickly, unavailability of reading materials, time constraints, lack of local libraries, beliefs of having better things to do than reading, difficulty of reading materials provided by English departments, beliefs that improving reading is not as important as improving other language skills, beliefs that there is no relationship between reading and other language skills, and lack of family interests in reading. Furthermore, the findings revealed that the student choose their reading materials by interest, teacher’s request, the main character, length, literary quality, and cost. They also showed that the students read for improving their language, learning something, improving their academic achievements, keeping in touch with the local, economic, cultural, scientific, and political developments, improving their local status, keeping in touch with what is happening around the world, and entertainment. In addition, the students depend on themselves, their teachers, and their friends for choosing their reading materials.

THE FUTURE OF NEWSPAPERS

To what extent can we disassociate the technology and economics of newspapers from their political and cultural functions? Many of the latter functions have survived previous eras of technological change, often with a heightened promise of a more democratic engagement with readers and a subsequent amelioration of civic communication. Toolan (1998) has provocatively suggested that, in their narrative conventions, newspapers often literally do not know what they are writing about. This has partly been because of the time constraints on the production of news and the narrative conventions which this economy imposes upon them. Yet this clearly has not prevented newspapers from having a very strong sense of longer narratives and ideological identities, in combination with an ability to tailor these to a highly conventional notion of audience. What happens when newspapers are freed from this diurnal duty, as is increasingly the case in the contemporary world of newspapers, when more and more breaking news is dealt with by “quicker” media? Does this provide newspapers in whatever new formats with the opportunity to reconfigure themselves as spaces more accessible to traditions of communication and civic engagement; ones which draw upon a more discursive space of commentary and opinion on the contemporary rather than being limited to the provision of daily news? This paper sketches an analysis of how the shift of newspapers from news to commentary and identity politics which is already occurring may be informed by previous paradigms of periodical news production. It explores certain aspects of the newspaper's function over time in order to consider what it has to offer in whatever reconfigured technological future.

Translating Acronyms of Media & U.N. Organizations

: translating acronyms of media and international (& world) organizations helps the researcher to draw the following conclusions:1- Acronyms of world news agencies can be translated into Arabic in three ways: by indicating the lexical meaning; by indicating English abbreviated form as letter by letter & by indicating Arabic abbreviated form as a word. 2- Acronyms of world satellite TV's can be translated into Arabic in two ways: by indicating the lexical meaning & by indicating English abbreviated form as letter by letter. 3- Acronyms of world newspapers can be translated into Arabic in two ways: by indicating both the lexical meaning & Arabic transliteration of the English form. 4- Acronyms of U.N. & world organizations can be translated into Arabic in three ways: by indicating the lexical meaning; by indicating English abbreviated form as letter by letter & by indicating Arabic abbreviated form as a word. Thus, acronyms in the fields, under study, are either letter or syllabic. This verifies hypothesis no. (4). From the above tables of acronyms, the researcher notices that translation & transliteration can be both applied on in dealing with acronyms. This verifies hypothesis no. (5). Other hypotheses can be verified easily by noticing the wide progress, the world of communication & media witnesses.With the emergence of modern information and communication, scientific progress in all fields of life and knowledge, in our world of today, have led to the appearance of large number of terms that are used to designate various concepts and discoveries, as speed plays a big role in stirring all aspects of life that surround us to the extent to be the main trait of our life. By such progress, the need to reduce full names and terms of concepts, shortening them into smaller ones, emerges to the surface as using such names and terms in full causes trouble, disturbance and waste of time & efforts in speech, writing & printing. To solve this complex situation, using the initial letters of words appears to be one smooth solution. This process is called "Acronymy" and the letters being abbreviated "Acronyms". The usage of acronyms is a relatively new linguistic phenomenon as the art of reducing a sequence of words to their initial letters became well created, developed & used increasingly in the 50s & 60s of the 20th century (1). It is a real reflection of the main characteristics of modern era which witnesses a revolution in technical & scientific discoveries. The first acronym was included in the Oxford English Dictionary in 1943 despite the fact that the word "initialisms" first appeared in the same dictionary in 1899 (2). It did not come into general use until 1965, well after "acronym" had become common. The current study will take the exploration of the phenomenon of acronyms, abbreviations & initialisms as its main goal, trying to present full discussion about its definitions, formulations, types, orthography and pronunciation. It sheds light on how to translate English acronyms into Arabic, suggesting different methods. It, also, highlights the challenges & difficulties they may pose in front of the translators and how such challenges & difficulties can be solved and surmounted.Hypotheses: It is hypothesized that:1) Acronyms, in all various forms & styles, reflect the scientific and technological advancement & progress our world witnesses.2) Acronyms are used increasingly in the world of media and international policy circles as they cut off time & efforts being wasted in speech, writing and printing.3) Communication field represents the best environment to create acronyms.4) media & U.N.(international) organizations are mainly letter & syllabic acronyms.5) Translation and transliteration are both applied on the acronyms both fields.Aims: The current study aims at :a) Discussing acronyms historically and theoretically in detail. b) Handling the issue of translating English acronyms into Arabic & suggesting ways of translation that can be useful, sufficient and effective. c) Making lists of acronyms that are of significance in the world of media & U.N. with their translations.

Journalist Joyce: A Portrait

he newspaper office and the world of the press and journalism were important to Joyce. Besides Leopold Bloom, other of Joyce's characters such as Robert Hand, Stephen Dedalus, and Gabriel Conroy all have connections to newspapers. Several scenes in Joyce's fiction can be traced directly to his experiences working in or visiting newspaper offices. Joyce was attracted to the world of newspapers and the profession of being a journalist because they connected him to the emerging and increasingly influential world of mass communication.

One Hundred and Fifty Years of the 'Bibliotheek Sociëteit de Witte': The History of the Library of a Gentlemen's Club

On 1 November 2005 the library of 'Nieuwe of Littéraire Sociëteit De Witte' commemorated its one-hundred-and-fiftieth birthday with a symposium about local private libraries. In contrast to the club as a whole, the specific history of its book collection has never been researched. The club archive, now kept at the Municipal Archives in The Hague, is an important source for researching and disclosing the past of what still is one of the city's most impressive libraries. Before the First World War, the books, periodicals and newspapers of the library played a very important role not only in club life, but also in supplying knowledge to those engaged in civic and commercial life at a fairly high level: the members, often involved in government, politics, industry or commerce, came to the library and reading room for the latest news in their field of interest, and this was reflected in the library's acquisitions policy. In the 1930s the growing speed at which new publications appeared, the development of the Municipal and Royal Library and the establishment of specialized collections within ministries and enterprises changed the role of the 'Witte Bibliotheek'. It developed into an institution for leisure, still buying publications in the original fields of interest but in a more haphazard fashion, and from that time onwards focusing more on Dutch and foreign literature. The collection today, comprising some 27,000 books, is being reorganized, the Art Deco interiors are being restored, and for the first time computer facilities for members will be introduced in the reading room. But the old card catalogue system will also be continued, as the De Witte Library wants to protect its most important feature: the atmosphere of a pre-war Gentlemen's Library.

Can hormesis be a default for dose-response?

Since the 1920s, interest in hormesis has peaked and ebbed. Hormesis had been a forgotten theory until recent investigation by Dr Ed Calabrese at the University of Massachusetts, along with others, resurrected it from obscurity. This renewed interest is demonstrated by recent articles in prestigious scientific journals such as Nature and Science as well as the popular press (Discovery, US News and World Report and newspapers such as the Boston Globe). Currently, a strong interest in this theory of dose-response (which predicts contrasting effects at low versus high doses) exists and is explored in this issue.