World Federation Research Articles

A systematic review of the nexus between climate change and social media: present status, trends, and future challenges

Social media and climate change are some of the most controversial issues of the 21st century. Despite numerous studies, our understanding of current social media trends, popular hot topics, and future challenges related to climate change remains significantly limited. This research presents a systematic review of climate change and social media for the first time. Review the studies published between 2009 and 2022 in places like Google Scholar, Science Direct, Web-of-Science, Scopus, ResearchGate, and others. For this systematic review, we found 1,057 articles. Forty-five articles were the most relevant according to our goals and study design, which followed the PRISMA framework. The results of this review demonstrate that Twitter is the most popular platform. Every year, we identify rising trends in the number of publications. Past studies often focused on just one social media site, like Twitter (n = 26) or Facebook (n = 5). Although most studies focus on the United States, the study area is primarily “all over the world.” This study offers a theoretical framework by examining the relationship between social media platforms and the discourse surrounding climate change. It looked into how social media trends influence public perception, raise awareness, and spur action on climate change. In practical terms, the study focuses on important and trending topics like nonbelievers and climate change. The contribution consists of synthesizing the body of research, providing insights into the state of the digital world, and suggesting future lines of inquiry for the field of social media and climate change studies. We highlighted the studies’ quality assessment result of “moderate quality.” This systematic review provides information about how climate change is now portrayed on social media and lays the groundwork for further study in this area.

Linking housing, socio-demographic, environmental and mental health data at scale

Mental disorders are a growing problem worldwide, putting pressure on healthcare systems and wider society. Anxiety and depression are estimated to cost the global economy US$1 trillion per year, yet only 2% of global median government healthcare expenditure goes towards mental health. There is growing evidence linking housing, socio-economic status and local environmental conditions with mental health inequalities. The aim of this paper is to link several open-access datasets at the local area level (N = 32,844) for England to clinical mental health metrics and describe initial statistical findings. Two mental health metrics were used: Small Area Mental Health Index (SAMHI) and diagnosed depression prevalence. To demonstrate the utility of the longitudinal mental health data, changes in depression prevalence were investigated over two study periods (2011–19, i.e. austerity; and 2019–22, i.e. COVID-19). These data were linked to housing data (energy efficiency, floor area, year built, type and tenure) from Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs); socio-demographic data (age, sex, income and education deprivation, household size) from administrative records; and local environment data (winter temperature, air pollution and access to green space). The linked dataset provides a useful resource with which to investigate the social and environmental determinants of mental health. Practice relevance Initial observations of the data revealed a non-linear relationship between home energy efficiency (EPC band) and the mental health metrics, with depression prevalence higher in local areas where the mode EPC bands were C and D, compared with B and E. Researchers can further investigate this relationship using the dataset through robust statistical analysis, adjusting for confounding variables. National and local governments may use the dataset to help allocate resources to prevent and treat mental health conditions. Practitioners can map and interrogate the data to describe their local areas and make preliminary conclusions about the relationships between the built environment and mental health. This preliminary analysis of the data demonstrated a gradient in SAMHI and depression prevalence with income and employment deprivation at the local area level.

International trends in male youth suicide and suicidal behaviour.

Suicide and suicidal behaviour strongly contribute to overall male youth mortality. An understanding of worldwide data contextualises suicide and suicidal behaviour in young men within any given country. Members and colleagues of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry's Task Force on Men's Mental Health review the relevant data from several regions of the world. The review identifies notable findings across regions of relevance to researchers, policymakers, and clinicians. Male suicide and suicidal behaviour in adolescence and emerging adulthood within North America, Latin America and the Caribbean, Europe, the Mediterranean and the Middle East, Continental Africa, South Asia, East Asia, China, and Oceania share similarities as well as significant points of divergence. International data provide an opportunity to obtain a superior understanding of suicide and suicidal behaviour amongst young men.

SWOT Analysis of Future Trends in BEV-related Technologies: Xiaomi Automobile Co., Ltd's Latest Product as a Case Study

The new energy vehicle sector has benefited from numerous subsidies in response to the World Environmental Protection Organization's and governments' calls for a reduction in carbon emissions. Battery-electric vehicles (BEVs), the kind of EV with the lowest carbon emissions, have gained popularity in the automotive industry. Using a battery system as a power system not only improves efficiency but also ensures that it does not pollute the environment. Along with other technological advancements like the incorporation of cutting-edge chips in the central controls of the vehicle and latest AI systems, the convenience of BEVs for consumers keeps increasing. This paper introduces the new technology systems included in the latest products launched by Xiaomi, such as the new battery system, smart driving system, and all-round AI system. Then more analyses of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of BEVs in the future with the impact of new technology. The analysis not only raises some of the technical issues that need to be addressed in BEVs today but also points to the crisis that will exist in the BEV market in the future. After analyzing the situation, some recommendations and directions for in-depth research were given. And take Xiaomi's latest BEV product as an example to further do a SWOT analysis of Xiaomi's strategic development into the BEV market.

Interpretation of WFAS Clinical practice guideline on acupuncture and moxibustion: smoking cessation

The paper interprets the formulation, main content and characteristics of Clinical practice guideline on acupuncture and moxibustion: smoking cessation issued by World Federation of Acupuncture Societies (WFAS 007.2-2023, short for Guideline). The Guideline focuses on the clinical value of acupuncture regimen for smoking cessation and its abstinence rate, and attaches the importance to the actual needs of patients, the counseling and management of smoking cessation. The Guideline is characterized by its international orientation, the integration of Chinese and Western medicine, and the advantages of acupuncture for smoking cessation. It is formulated concisely in content and highlights the clinical practicability. During the guideline development for smoking cessation in future, the consideration should be paid on improving the evidence quality of acupuncture, preserving the characteristics of acupuncture and emphasizing patients' demand, the counseling and management of smoking cessation, as well as the scenarios of implementation so as to improve the quality and applicability of the guidelines.

Current Diagnosis of Bleeding Disorders in Lower Income Countries.

There have been considerable advances in diagnosing and treating bleeding disorders. But the scenario remains dismal in resource-constrained settings in low and lower-middle-income countries (LMICs). Seventy-five percent of the patients with inherited bleeding disorders do not get diagnosed in LMICs. In resource-constrained settings, infectious disease and malignancies take the major focus. Bleeding disorders do not get prioritised in LMICs, and this leads to underdiagnoses and suboptimal treatment. There are various challenges like financial status, inadequacy of health care infrastructure, lack of patient registry and lack of awareness across medical staff, general population and government stakeholders. The lack of skilled laboratory personnel and laboratory infrastructure for optimal bleeding disorder diagnosis adds on to the problem. World Federation of Hemophilia (WFH) has been at the forefront in developing strategies to overcome some of these inadequacies; however, more active participation of the stakeholders including patients, medical professionals and policy makers is the need of the hour. This review highlights the different challenges in LMICs in diagnosing bleeding disorders, the gap between high-income countries and LMICs and the possible strategies in closing the gap.

Perioperative Pain Management in Hemophilic Patient Undergoing Orthopedic Surgery: A Narrative Review

Background: Hemophilia type A and B is associated with spontaneous bleeding in muscle tissues and joints. Acute hemarthrosis, representing 70–80% of all bleedings in severe hemophilia patients, is extremely painful. When surgical procedures are needed in hemophiliac patients, perioperative management should be planned with a multidisciplinary team. Our narrative review, through a rigorous analysis of the current literature, focuses on pain management in hemophiliac patients. Methods: The report synthesizes a literature review on hemophilia, adapting PRISMA guidelines. It identifies a research question on surgical procedures and perioperative pain management. Various sources, including electronic databases, are utilized. Study inclusion criteria are defined based on the research question. Forty studies are included. A detailed study selection is illustrated. Results: Guidelines for managing acute postoperative pain in the general population advocate for a multimodal analgesic administration to enhance synergistic benefits, reduce opioid requirements, and minimize side effects. Recent recommendations from the World Federation of Hemophilia (WFH) for postoperative pain management in hemophilia patients suggest tailoring treatment based on pain levels, in coordination with anesthesiologists. Conclusions: Pain management in hemophiliac patients undergoing orthopedic interventions requires a multidisciplinary approach, with further research needed to define a reliable global standard of treatment.

Trial of the cerebral perfusion response to sodium nitrite infusion in patients with acute subarachnoid haemorrhage using arterial spin labelling MRI

Aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is a devastating subset of stroke. One of the major determinants of outcome is an evolving multifactorial injury occurring in the first 72 hours, known as early brain injury. Reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and an associated disruption to cerebral perfusion is believed to play an important role in this process. We sought to explore this relationship, by examining the effect on cerebral perfusion of the in vivo manipulation of NO levels using an exogenous NO donor (sodium nitrite).We performed a double blind placebo controlled randomised experimental medicine study of the cerebral perfusion response to sodium nitrite infusion during the early brain injury period in 15 low grade (World Federation of Neurosurgeons grade 1–2) SAH patients. Patients were randomly assigned to receive sodium nitrite at 10 mcg/kg/min or saline placebo. Assessment occurred following endovascular aneurysm occlusion, mean time after ictus 66h (range 34–90h). Cerebral perfusion was quantified before infusion commencement and after 3 hours, using multi-post labelling delay (multi-PLD) vessel encoded pseudocontinuous arterial spin labelling (VEPCASL) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Administration of sodium nitrite was associated with a significant increase in average grey matter cerebral perfusion. Group level voxelwise analysis identified that increased perfusion occurred within regions of the brain known to exhibit enhanced vulnerability to injury. These findings highlight the role of impaired NO bioavailability in the pathophysiology of early brain injury.

Development of the World Federation of Hemophilia Shared Decision-Making Tool.

The use of shared decision-making (SDM) in clinical settings is becoming more prevalent. The evolving and increasingly complex treatment landscape of haemophilia management has augmented the need and desire for SDM between patients and their healthcare team. SDM tools have been used in other chronic conditions and can be an effective form of education for patients and clinicians. The World Federation of Hemophilia (WFH) partnered with people with haemophilia (PWH), patient advocacy groups, and healthcare practitioners to form an expert working group to develop an educational tool for PWH and their caregivers. The primary objectives included educating PWH on the available prophylactic treatments and facilitating discussion between PWH and their healthcare team. The tool was proposed and developed by the expert working group, workshopped at conference round tables, and evaluated in two focus groups. The interactive WFH SDM Tool guides users through the SDM treatment journey and provides an opportunity for reflection on current disease impact and treatment preferences, educational fact sheets and videos, and a comparison between treatment classes. Two forms of the SDM Tool are available: an online platform with a summary page that may be printed and shared and a printable workbook. All evidence in the tool is based on the prescribing information or phase III clinical trial publications. The Tool will be updated twice each year. The WFH SDM Tool is the first available resource that translates published guidance on SDM in haemophilia into a practical, user-friendly tool aimed at facilitating patient-centred treatment decisions.

Emotional Tone and Authenticity of World Governments’ Discourse Concerning Monkeypox: A Psycholinguistics Analysis

The discourses of Monkeypox relating to linguistics segments may contain a person's emotional tone and authenticity discourse from psychology. This article presents a psycholinguistic analysis of the discourse used by world governments during the monkeypox outbreak. It examines the emotional tone and authenticity of the language used by government officials in their discourses to the public. Therefore, this study used psycholinguistics analysis which adopt the Linguistics Inquiry Word Counts (LIWC) program to compute the text into a word count numbers with the average number of emotional tone and authenticity. The findings showed that emotional tone and authenticity of the discourse can have a significant impact on how the audience receives and interprets the message. Accordingly, the use of authentic communication strategies can enhance public trust and confidence in the government's ability to manage a crisis. It brings the implication that government officials should use language features that reflect a high level of authenticity, such as first-person pronouns and negative adjectives, to establish trust and confidence in their leadership during a public health crisis.

WFITN 2024 - 17th Congress of World Federation of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology - October 6-10, 2024 - New York, USA.

WFITN 2024 - 17th Congress of World Federation of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology - October 6-10, 2024 - New York, USA.

A review of the 21st Annual Meeting of the Neuropsychological Rehabilitation Special Interest Group of the World Federation of Neuro-rehabilitation (NR-SIG WFNR) in Coimbra, Portugal, 30 June–1 July 2024: ‘Music to the Brain’

A review of the 21st Annual Meeting of the Neuropsychological Rehabilitation Special Interest Group of the World Federation of Neuro-rehabilitation (NR-SIG WFNR) in Coimbra, Portugal, 30 June–1 July 2024: ‘Music to the Brain’

Predictors of survival after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: The long-term observational cohort study

ObjectiveDespite recent advances in neuro-intensive care, there is still considerable mortality in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). In this long-term monocentric observational cohort study, we aimed to analyze the rates, timing, and predictors of mortality after SAH. MethodsAll consecutive SAH cases treated between January 2003 and June 2016 were included. Patients’ demographic characteristics, previous medical history, SAH-related parameters, and available post-treatment follow-up data were collected and evaluated as potential mortality predictors in univariate and multivariate analyses. ResultsOf 992 patients, 179 died during the initial treatment and 33 during the follow-up time reaching an overall mortality rate of 21.4 %. Of over 119 tested variables, we identified the following independent predictors in the final multivariate Cox regression analysis: age >55 years (p<0.0001); World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) admission grade IV or V (p=0.025); Hijdra sum score ≥15 points (p=0.003); intracranial pressure (ICP) increase (p<0.0001); and delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) (p<0.0001). Being exposed to all five risk factors resulted in the case fatality rate of 75 % within a median survival of 14 days, compared to 2.5 % within a median of 1525 days when none of these features were present. ConclusionsThe initial impact of aneurysmal bleeding is amongst the major mortality causes after SAH. Of potentially preventable adverse events, ICP increase and DCI occurring during initial treatment also present eminent clinical relevance for patients’ survival in the long-term follow-up. Further ICP and DCI management optimization might help to decrease the mortality rate after SAH.

Сеульський та Європейський консенсуси з питань розвитку: чи можлива спільна платформа по Україні?

In the context of the tasks of the post-war recovery of Ukraine’s economy and social sphere, a comparative analysis has been carried out of the conceptual foundations of international development assistance provided by the G20 countries, in particular the newly industrialized countries, within the framework of the Seoul Consensus on Development, announced at the G-20 Seoul Summit (2010), and the European Union and its member states within the framework of the new European Consensus on Development (2017). It is shown that the former focuses on growth primarily through investment in infrastructure and solving long-term structural problems of development, and the latter on increasing well-being and fighting poverty. The Seoul Consensus, despite the participation of Western donors, including the EU, in its formulation, largely reflects the principles and messages of newly emerging donors representing the leading new industrial states. The Seoul Consensus is currently a unique strategic compromise on international development aid not only between the West represented by its leading world powers and the European Union, on the one hand, and the largest new industrial states of the modern world - on the other, but also between the Beijing Consensus and the Mumbai Consensus - alternative strategies of socio-economic modernization and sustainable economic growth put forward by China and India, respectively, in their active competition for leadership among the countries of the Global South. The change in the geopolitical and geo-economic landscape has forced the EU to review the criteria for the distribution and prioritization of development aid in order to be able to compete and cooperate with new donors such as China, South Korea, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, etc. The new European consensus emphasizes the instrumentalization and securitization of development, with less attention to democracy and human rights. This shift objectively narrows the gap between traditional and new donors of international development assistance. The author substantiates the prospect of further analysis of the convergent potential of the above-mentioned consensuses in the direction of developing based on the unique geopolitical and geo-economic positioning of Ukraine in the modern world, the "Kyiv Consensus on Development" as a joint conceptual, strategic and political platform of the international donor community for the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine.

Oil price fluctuations and their relationship to government spending in Iraq for the period 2004-2022

The study aimed to know the fluctuations in global oil prices and their relationship to government spending in Iraq for the period 2004-2022, and to know their positive and negative effects and repercussions on the country’s general budget. The study was based on a set of hypotheses, the most important of which is: There is a positive correlation between fluctuations in global oil prices and government spending in Iraq. The descriptive analytical method was used in order to reach the results, the most important of which were the growth rates of total government spending, as they also varied greatly between rising at times and falling at other times throughout the study period. There is a complete direct relationship, which is demonstrated by the identical time path for the two series, which means that crude oil prices, whether average global prices, Basra Light oil prices, or others, are the influential and decisive factor in the volume of oil revenues.

A call for multi-agency collaboration in the Pacific Island countries' mental health - The World Federation for Mental Health viewpoint.

To introduce the World Federation for Mental Health (WFMH) viewpoint on the Pacific Island countries' mental health capacity building. Multi-agency collaboration guided by a nuanced understanding of the local context can enable a public health model of mental health service delivery in the Pacific Island countries.

Twenty-Five Years of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine : An Evolving Journey With the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies.

Twenty-Five Years of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine : An Evolving Journey With the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies.

The Evolution of Simplifying Heuristics in Visual Cognition: Categorization, Specialization, and Visual Illusions.

Animals live in visually complex environments. As a result, visual systems have evolved mechanisms that simplify visual processing and allow animals to focus on the information that is most relevant to adaptive decision making. This review explores two key mechanisms that animals use to efficiently process visual information: categorization and specialization. Categorization occurs when an animal's perceptual system sorts continuously varying stimuli into a set of discrete categories. Specialization occurs when particular classes of stimuli are processed using distinct cognitive operations that are not used for other classes of stimuli. We also describe a nonadaptive consequence of simplifying heuristics: visual illusions, where visual perception consistently misleads the viewer about the state of the external world or objects within it. We take an explicitly comparative approach by exploring similarities and differences in visual cognition across human and nonhuman taxa. Considering areas of convergence and divergence across taxa provides insight into the evolution and function of visual systems and associated perceptual strategies.

Navigating Financial Constraints: Understanding Causes, Effects, and Strategic Solutions across Individual, Corporate and Governmental Sectors

Limitations in financial resources were a widespread obstacle in the interdependent global economy, impacting people, firms, and governments. These limitations were evident in the limited availability of financial resources, high levels of debt, and constricted cash flow, often resulting from an intricate interaction of internal and external elements. This paper offered an extensive investigation of the causes, consequences, and strategic remedies for financial limitations in these three areas. On an individual level, financial constraints were often caused by stagnating salaries, excessive living expenses, and insufficient financial knowledge, resulting in heightened susceptibility to financial shocks. Corporations, especially small and medium-sized firms (SMEs), have financial limitations caused by restricted capital access, increased operating expenses, and market instability, which may impede development and prevent innovation. As a result of fiscal mismanagement, increasing public debt, and economic recessions, governments, particularly in emerging countries, have financial limitations that might hinder their capacity to fund vital services and infrastructure. Financial limitations had extensive consequences, affecting economic stability, growth, and general living standards. Individuals with financial constraints encountered a decline in their quality of life and heightened levels of stress, while firms may endure declining profitability and competitiveness. Governments may be compelled to enforce austerity policies, resulting in enduring socio-economic repercussions. To tackle these difficulties, it was crucial to use customised approaches such as enhancing financial literacy, optimising corporate financial management, and advancing fiscal consolidation and structural changes at the governmental level. The objective of this research was to provide practical insights for improving financial resilience and fostering sustainable economic growth by adopting a comprehensive strategy that took into account the interdependence of financial limitations across different sectors. Keywords: Financial constraints, Global economy, Financial resources, Debt levels, Cash flow.

Fear of COVID-19 on Social Media: The Mediating Roles of Online Social Support and Disclosure of Information in South Korea

To minimize the spread and fear of COVID-19, the South Korean government disclosed detailed location-based information about confirmed cases. Information regarding the confirmed cases was then maliciously distributed on social networking services (SNS). Few studies have investigated how the fear of COVID-19 and the disclosure of information in confirmed cases affect intention on online behavior, despite SNS being a space where people can express themselves with high social support. An online survey was conducted in South Korea. People who feared contracting COVID-19 had a negative perception of not only self-disclosure but also information disclosure by others. However, the perceived online social support could overcome the fear of infectious diseases and encourage active engagement to disclose information. The disclosure of information about confirmed cases impacted social support and self-disclosure intentions. This study contributes to the literature on information disclosure for public health purposes in the online environment during the fear of the epidemic. The world government and future social media platform companies should develop a specific process of information disclosure to manage the fear of public behavior.