World Demand Research Articles

Career services at HEI’s: what are they offering?

Higher education career centers should tailor their services toward empowering students to make them employable after graduation to meet the demands of the 21st century world of work. This paper aims to reflect on career counseling services provided by Higher Education Institutions. We start by presenting a brief history of their development around the world, with particular emphasis on Portugal. Next, a study about the current situation of these services in the country is presented, starting with an analysis of their organization, the type of actions/activities/services provided, as well as their accessibility. Results indicate that the Career Services in some Portuguese Higher Education Institutions appear not to be fully developed, and where they exist, they often focus mostly (and sometimes solely) upon job placement or internship provision. More investment is needed to meet the new employability needs and demands of both students (and their families) and the labor market.

Embrace, Don’t Avoid: Reimagining Higher Education with Generative Artificial Intelligence

This paper explores the potential of generative artificial intelligence (AI) to transform higher education. Generative AI is a technology that can create new content, like text, images, and code, by learning patterns from existing data. As generative AI tools become more popular, there is growing interest in how AI can improve teaching, learning, and research. Higher education faces many challenges, such as meeting diverse learning needs and preparing students for fast-changing careers. Generative AI offers solutions by personalizing learning experiences, making education more engaging, and supporting skill development through adaptive content. It can also help researchers by automating tasks like data analysis and hypothesis generation, making research faster and more efficient. Moreover, generative AI can streamline administrative tasks, improving efficiency across institutions. However, using AI also raises concerns about privacy, bias, academic integrity, and equal access. To address these issues, institutions must establish clear ethical guidelines, ensure data security, and promote fairness in AI use. Training for faculty and AI literacy for students are essential to maximize benefits while minimizing risks. The paper suggests a strategic framework for integrating AI in higher education, focusing on infrastructure, ethical practices, and continuous learning. By adopting AI responsibly, higher education can become more inclusive, engaging, and practical, preparing students for the demands of a technology-driven world.

Papain expression in the Escherichia coli cytoplasm by T7-promoter engineering and co-expression with human protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) and thiol peroxidase (GPx7) genes.

Papain, a cysteine-like protease, has extensive applications across various industries including food, chemical, pharmaceutical, drug, and polymer. However, the traditional isolation of papain from Carica papaya plants results in a complex mixture of proteases. Such protease mixtures result in an inability to understand which component enzyme contributed to substrate conversions. Concentrations of constituent enzymes likely differ based on the ripeness of the papaya fruit. Also, constituent enzymes from papaya differ in optimal activity as a function of temperature and pH. Thus, by using papain-like enzymes from papaya fruit, valuable information on component enzyme activity and specificity is lost. Numerous methods have been reported to purify papain and papain-like enzymes from the crude mixture. Often, methods involve at least three steps including column chromatography to separate five cysteine proteases. Such procedures represent tedious processes to manufacture the pure enzymes in Carica papaya extracts. The numerous uses of papain for industrial processes, as well as the probability that certain components of papain crude mixtures will be preferred for specific applications, necessitate alternative methods such as recombinant expression from microbial production systems to meet the high world demand for papain.

Examining the relationship between entrepreneurial education activity and entrepreneurship intention among Saudi university students: Academic performance as a mediator

This paper aims at investigating the direct impact of entrepreneurial educational activities on entrepreneurship intention, and academic performance among university students in Saudi Arabia, and the indirect impact between EEA and EI through AC. Data were collected from 488 university students representing 5 public Saudi universities. The structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM V.4) was used to examine the interrelationships between variables and to examine the research hypotheses. The SEM results showed that EEA have a positive direct impact on EI and AC, and proved a full mediating influence of AC on the relationship between EEA and EI among university students. These results may help decision-makers in higher education, in assisting in the formulation and planning of entrepreneurial educational activities, which help to create a flexible and adaptable society capable of meeting the demands of the modern world.

Persepsi Pihak Industri Terhadap Kompetensi Mahasiswa PTM pada Program Magang Industri

<p><em>The purpose of this study was to determine the assessment of the industry, especially field supervisors regarding the competence of students who participated in the industrial internship program majoring in Mechanical Engineering Education FKIP UNS with a concentration in Production for the 2022 period. This study uses a descriptive method, which aims to collect, analyze, and present data that has a relationship with the problem under study. Data collection techniques using questionnaires and interviews. The results showed that the industry's perception of the competence of PTM students was in the very good category and was considered quite in accordance with industry needs, with work attitude as the most prominent aspect (82.5%). However, there is still room for improvement, especially in the aspects of practical skills (74.2%) and knowledge application (76.5%) in order to produce graduates who are better prepared to face the demands of the dynamic world of work. With good assessments, especially in the work attitude aspect, PTM graduates have good competitiveness potential in the job market, but need to continue to improve their practical skills and knowledge application abilities to maximize employment opportunities. Conducting Conduct an in-depth analysis of the gap between the competencies expected by industry and those possessed by students so that it can be the basis for recommendations for curriculum improvements that are more specific to the demands of the labor market and improve the work readiness of PTM graduates.</em></p>

Nuclear Energy's Role in Sustainability and Environmental Protection in India

The world today stands at a critical juncture, grappling with the profound and far-reaching impacts of climate change. The increasing frequency of extreme weather events, rising sea levels, and deteriorating ecosystems only serve to underscore the urgency of transitioning to a low-carbon economy. Governments across the globe are intensifying their climate policies, striving to meet the ambitious goals set forth in international agreements such as the Paris Agreement. Central to these efforts is the systematic decarbonization of national energy mixes [1], where nations are increasingly turning to green and clean technologies to power their economies and ensure sustainable electrification. In this global race to mitigate climate change, renewable energy sources like wind, solar, and hydropower are often highlighted as the vanguards of a sustainable future [2]. However, the challenge lies not only in generating sufficient clean energy but also in ensuring a reliable and continuous supply that can meet the growing demands of an energy-hungry world.

Nuclear Energy's Role in Sustainability and Environmental Protection in India

The world today stands at a critical juncture, grappling with the profound and far-reaching impacts of climate change. The increasing frequency of extreme weather events, rising sea levels, and deteriorating ecosystems only serve to underscore the urgency of transitioning to a low-carbon economy. Governments across the globe are intensifying their climate policies, striving to meet the ambitious goals set forth in international agreements such as the Paris Agreement. Central to these efforts is the systematic decarbonization of national energy mixes [1], where nations are increasingly turning to green and clean technologies to power their economies and ensure sustainable electrification. In this global race to mitigate climate change, renewable energy sources like wind, solar, and hydropower are often highlighted as the vanguards of a sustainable future [2]. However, the challenge lies not only in generating sufficient clean energy but also in ensuring a reliable and continuous supply that can meet the growing demands of an energy-hungry world.

Industry Mentoring Program: Empowering External Degree Students for Career Success – Case Study from University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka

In today's interconnected world, open distance education has become widespread, granting students the flexibility and accessibility to pursue higher education through external degree programmes. Despite the increasing feasibility of delivering knowledge and skills online, a significant hurdle remains in ensuring that participants are adequately equipped for the demands of the professional world of work. Traditionally, exposure to industry standards and practical experiences is gained through activities like industry visits, guest talks, meetups, and workshops, which are often absent in online distance education programs due to their remote nature. This dearth of industry-preparedness and practical skills presents a formidable obstacle for graduates as they transition into the workforce. Thus, bridging the gap between academic learning and industry expectations becomes imperative to enhance students' employability and career readiness, ultimately fostering their success in the workforce. This case study delves into the solution to this challenge through a meticulously crafted programme aimed at cultivating industry-ready graduates. Leveraging available technology, the program provides immersive experiences within the online learning environment. The paper details the Industry Mentoring Program (IMP), which employs technology to simulate real-world experiences, assesses stakeholder perceptions of the programme's value, and offers insights for future enhancements. This programme was conducted targeting the final year students of the Bachelor of Information Technology (BIT) External Degree programme of the University of Moratuwa. This study investigates the experiences and viewpoints of students taking part in the IMP using surveys, interviews, and focus group discussions. Four student cohorts who have undergone the programme have provided their feedback both quantitatively and qualitatively. Across all groups the student satisfaction was totally positive with over 80% of the participants indicating their satisfaction at 4 or 5 on a Lickert Scale of 5 indicating very satisfied. Students’ perception of their preparedness for the workforce after participating in the IMP also is extremely positive. The findings indicates that the IMP significantly improves the career opportunities of BIT students. Feedback obtained from other stakeholders such as potential employers, resource persons and administrators also validate the effectiveness of the programme. The feedback and suggestions are incorporated to enhance the programme. University has decided to incorporate this programme into the curriculum with the 2024 curriculum revision of this open distance degree programme of BIT.

Uncovering Holistic Contemporary Paradigms and Hamemayu Hayuning Bawana to Realise Sustainable Development Goals

Objective: This research aims to: (1) understand the historical development of Holistic Contemporary Worldview (CHW) and Kejawen Philosophy (Hamemayu Hayuning Bawana/HHB); (2) explore the correlation between CHW and HHB; (3) compare the axiology of HHB and CHW to better understand the path to achieving sustainable development goals; and (4) identify opportunities for maintaining sustainability through the perspectives of CHW and HHB. Theoretical Framework: The Earth is currently facing unsustainable changes, which are evident in climate change and the increasing frequency of disasters. These problems are believed to stem from reductionist-mechanist thinking, which fosters an anthropocentric attitude. In contrast, holistic thinking offers a new perspective on nature, seeing it as an interconnected whole where each component supports the others to maintain prosperity and balance. This idea is in line with the Javanese philosophy of life, HHB, which emphasizes harmony between humans and nature to enhance the beauty of life. Both concepts highlight the need for fundamental changes in the way humans interact with each other and nature to support the achievement of Sustainability especially the implementation of the Sustainable Development Golas (SDGs). Method: This descriptive qualitative research uses a literature study technique that is conducted in three stages. First, a literature study on the historical development of human views on nature, both from the Western view (CHW) and the Eastern view, especially Java (Kejawen-HHB). These historical developments are presented in the form of narratives to provide a clear picture of events and context, thus helping in understanding each philosophy. The second stage reviews these narratives to identify the core similarities and differences between the two approaches. Finally, the third stage analyses these comparisons to find clues about new approaches to sustainability, especially attitudinal changes to support the achievement of sustainable development goals Results and Discussion: This research shows that the concepts of CHW and HHB are two concepts that emerged from two different regions and times but have the same philosophical line. Both understand that all components of nature need to coexist and respect each other psychologically and even spiritually. This change in attitude is necessary to avoid the evil nature of humans (greed and arrogance) in fulfilling their needs in the form of development. The goal of sustainable development should be utilized for the benefit of the many and the broad (inclusive), which is the core concept of deep ecological understanding (Ecosophy of CHW) and needs to be supported by the concept of roso (spiritual culture of HHB). Both approaches have significant similarities and differences in some aspects but share the common goal of maintaining a dynamic balance to sustain living systems. Research Implications: The findings of this research are expected to contribute to a new perspective on how to achieve sustainability. The old approach based on classical mechanics is still relevant and useful to support the achievement of the SGDs, but the complexity of the world demands a change in behaviour in treating the universe and development. CHW and HHB provide new clues on how to achieve this. Originality/Value: This study compares and correlates two approaches from distinct origins: one rooted in the logic-driven Western culture and the other in the spiritual-based Eastern tradition. These approaches also emerged in different eras: one in the modern, complex age, and the other in the mythology-based ancient kingdom. By examining this correlation, the study underscores the importance of regulating thoughts and behaviors to ensure the continuity of life, particularly within the complexities of modern civilization.

Global Biodiversity: Extinct Arctic Mammoth Tusks as Substitute Resource to Save Live Elephants

Objective: The aim of this article is to justify an approach to natural resource substitution using fossilised mammoth bones from the Arctic to conserve live elephants. Theoretical Framework - The theoretical idea and basis of the article is the replacement of ivory with the tusks of extinct mammoths against the background of melting permafrost in the Arctic. This approach is considered within the framework of a kind of 'mammoth pipeline' - the journey of extinct fossil mammoth tusks and their transformation into eternal values in the form of exclusive products, as well as their ultimate contribution to the conservation of living elephant populations. The theoretical basis of the study is the concept of sustainable development, the theory of natural resource substitution, biodiversity conservation, the concept of benefit sharing paradigm in Arctic mining. Method - The study is based on an interdisciplinary approach using methods from economics and management, ethnology and palaeontology, social research and monitoring. The evaluation of the effectiveness of the ivory to mammoth tusk substitution scheme is considered in terms of the benefits to global biodiversity conservation, including the maintenance of wild elephant populations and the development of traditional fisheries by indigenous peoples of the North. Results and Discussion - This article assesses the world resource of mammoth bone remains, concentrated in the Russian Arctic, and shows the possibilities of their use as a substitute natural resource for elephant conservation and socio-economic development of areas inhabited by indigenous peoples of the North. The influence of ongoing climate change on the increase in the extraction of fossil mammoth tusks is shown. The stages and links of the 'mammoth pipeline' under consideration, including the extraction of mammoth bones, the export and trade of tusks, and the substitution of mammoth tusks for ivory, are substantiated. The factors influencing the formation of the world demand for mammoth tusks are identified and the directions of their use for elephant conservation and socio-economic development of the local population in the Arctic territories in the areas of their extraction are shown. Research Implications - The results of the study can be used to conserve global biodiversity, develop a green economy, substitute mammoth tusks for ivory and conserve elephant populations. The authors estimate that supplying the world market with an average of 10 kilograms of mammoth ivory can save one elephant; exporting even half of the mammoth tusks extracted in Yakutia can save 60,000 elephants. At the same time, issues of social and economic support for the traditional trades and livelihoods of the indigenous peoples of the North are being addressed. Originality/ Value - The originality of the research and its value lie in the new scientific formulation of the solution to the scientific problem of global biodiversity conservation through the substitution of natural resources, the use of own empirical data obtained in the Arctic territories, as well as the possibility of practical application of the results obtained in the field of green economy.

Transforming Cambodian Education: Full-Time Learning, Technology, and Language Integration for Public Schools

The Cambodian government has announced a significant educational reform to transition public schools to full-time learning by integrating computer and English or Chinese language classes. This initiative is designed to enhance the quality of education and better prepare students for the demands of the modern world. This paper compares these proposed changes by examining practices in five private schools already implementing full-time education and advanced technological and multilingual programs. By evaluating the academic performance, resource availability, and overall educational outcomes of these private schools, this study aims to provide actionable recommendations for successfully adopting these strategies in public schools. The research involved surveys of 565 respondents, including students, teachers, school administrators, parents, and policymakers, and in-depth interviews with 50 key stakeholders. Key findings include strong support for full-time education, higher levels of technology integration, and better multilingual education in private schools. These findings will inform policymakers, educators, and stakeholders about the potential impacts and necessary steps to ensure the successful implementation of these educational reforms in Cambodia's public school system.

Influence of drought and salt stress on almond nutrition

Increased drought and salinity is a threat to agriculture in arid and semiarid zone worldwide. Almond is nutritious, rich in minerals protein and fiber with increasing world demand and production. The objective was to determine the effect of drought and salinity stress on nutrient concentrations in almond trees. Almond is known as sensitive to salt stress compared to other trees. There are limited studies on almond nutrition uptake under salt and drought stress conditions. This study had three drought and four salinity levels, and combined applications for a total of 12 treatments each with three replications. Drought increased K, Mg, Ca, Na and Cl concentrations in leaves, yet, decreased B concentrations. Similarly under salinity, almond leaves increased in K, Mg and Ca concentrations (as well as in Na and Cl). This study showed that the nutrient uptake varies under drought and salt stress conditions. Mineral nutrition should be taken into consideration, fertilization needs to account for stress factors.

Educação 4.0: O papel da tecnologia e da Inteligência Artificial no futuro da aprendizagem

This article investigates the influence of technology and artificial intelligence (AI) on contemporary education, focusing on its implications for student learning. The research analyzes how these innovations can be integrated into pedagogical practices and what effects they have on academic performance. With the increasing digitization of the educational environment, it is essential to understand how AI and educational technologies can transform the way students learn. The results of the research reveal that the adoption of AI systems and technological tools has the potential to personalize the learning experience, allowing students to advance at their own pace and according to their individual needs. Additionally, educational technologies can increase student motivation by creating interactive and collaborative learning environments that encourage engagement. This study not only highlights the direct benefits of technology in education, but also proposes pedagogical practices that maximize these benefits, aligning with the concept of Education 4.0. By offering a framework for the effective integration of AI into classrooms, this work contributes to the discussion on how to prepare educators and institutions for the challenges of the education of the future. In summary, the article emphasizes the importance of adopting a strategic approach in the use of educational technology, aiming not only at improving academic performance, but also at training students who are critical and adaptable to the demands of an ever-changing world. The research suggests that by considering technology as an ally, institutions can revolutionize learning and better prepare students for the challenges of the 21st century.

Evaluation of electric vehicle power routing and charging analysis using artificial neural network synchronized with 5G-network

To motivate the advanced National Clean Air Program (NCAP) strategy announced by the Indian Government in 2017, automizing the routing control on electric vehicle (EV) is a challenging area. According to the public authority guideline, the air contamination issues over the nation focus on accomplishing a 20% to 30% decrease in vehicular outflows in 2024 by enhancing EV mobility. However electric vehicle's limitations on battery capacity and route strategy to charging stations to preserve an adequate level of battery charge still need automized communication strategy. Fixed route solutions might not always be executable because battery consumption varies on several external factors. To better fit the real situation, this study proposes the notion of breaking down the self-adaptive online routing by encountering automatic path detection concerning battery efficiency with adaptive charging decisions. An inventory control-style charging technique is suggested to account for stochastic battery use. In the proposed work, by using an artificial neural network, the power demand and energy consumption of the EV world will be monitored and controlled by using 5G coverage on the smart city evolution. The obtained simulation analysis confirms that in comparison to current conventional and fixed tariff schemes, 5G accompanied EV accomplish an examined rate of SoC charge around 19.95 MW holding a peak range of 108.96 MW. Also, an evaluated typical power loss rate of 2.873 kWH which is less than 11.95% through frequency band analysis with signal-to-noise ratio and downlink power utilization.

Understanding the role of microbes in health and disease of farmed aquatic organisms.

Aquaculture is critical to reduce protein deficiencies and supplement the world's demand for seafood. However, the culture environment predisposes farmed animals to infectious diseases. In particular, the high density of fish, crustacean, mollusk, sea cucumber or algal species allows for the rapid spread of infectious diseases resulting in devastating losses. Massive amounts of antibiotics have been used to sustain aquaculture production. This has led to the critical need to evaluate the impact of current control measures and optimize disease management schemes with an emphasis on global impact and sustainability. Furthermore, local and global changes have enhanced the pathogens' effects over aquaculture settings because increased temperature and pollution may trigger virulence genes and toxin production. Technological developments including biofloc technology, integrated multitrophic systems, recirculating aquaculture systems and probiotics have contributed to enhancing aquaculture sustainability and reducing the need for high loads of antibiotics and other chemicals. Furthermore, biotechnological tools (e.g., omics and cell biology) have shed light on cellular processes in the health and disease of reared organisms. Metagenomics is a reliable and relatively quick tool to identify microbial communities in aquaculture settings.

THE CURRENT LEARNING METHODOLOGY AND IT’S FUTURE TRENDS

The future of any country's development the main determining factor is education. The main goal of education is for student’s successful training, intellectual, moral, with appropriate physical capabilities and humaneness respect, study, work, and live independently is to develop into a capable individual. Nowadays, the development of technology changes people's lives technology while making it easier and easier of a person who wants to receive services based on progress arouses interest. It is also in education and depends. [1]Technological innovation fundamentally transforms education, reshaping the needs and skills required for present and future workplaces. Building a future-ready education system requires consistent delivery of 21st-century curriculum and inclusive models that provide a strong foundation for lifelong adaptation and new skills development, with specialized education focusing on skills that are in demand in the real world. This disconnect between employer needs and talent pools must be addressed.This study on where and how modern learning methods and trends are headed in today's Industry 4.0 transition is based on the predictions of a wide range of experts from the World Economic Forum's expert network and the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)'s Education and It was developed based on the initiative of the Future of Skills 2030 project.

Transformative Learning & Self-Efficacy in a world shaped by AI: Empowering students through Future Skills

Generative AI faces educational institutions in particular with an immense challenge and requires them to prepare students for unknown contexts in order not to fall behind in the race against technological progress. Teaching Future Skills as such competencies that prepare students for complex, emergent situations is a key to achieving this. This paper shows a pedagogical teaching-learning concept to promote Future Skills in higher education. With various learning materials students are supported in their personal skills development and are also prepared for the demands of the future working world through evidence-based self- and external assessments and situational and self-reflective learning. In addition to the pedagogical concept, quantitative evaluation results of the workshop on which the concept is based are presented. The Workshop was trialed with 1143 students and evaluated via questionnaire. The aim of the research design was to find out the acceptance, the reaction and learning effectiveness of the Future Skills Learning design as well as the self-efficacy of the students.

Kontroversi Kurikulum Pesantren dan Tantangan dalam Membangun Standar Mutu Pendidikan : Menemukan Keseimbangan antara Tradisi dan Modernisasi

The Islamic boarding school curriculum is considered not to suit the demands of the modern world. There are also challenges for Islamic boarding schools to improve the quality standards of their education. This research aims to determine curriculum design and improve the quality standards of Islamic boarding school education in achieving a balance of tradition and modernization. The research uses a qualitative approach with the literature study method. Data collection techniques use document studies in the form of journals, books and other sources. Data analysis uses content analysis. Research findings show that there is educational curriculum controversy and challenges to quality standards in Islamic boarding schools. Several solutions were found, namely: Development of an integrated and interdisciplinary curriculum, teacher training and development, use of technology in education, collaboration with other Islamic education institutions, and continuous evaluation. This solution must be implemented with the principle of continuity and change.

Mouse Escape Behaviors and mPFC-BLA Activity Dataset: Understanding Flexible Defensive Strategies Under Threat

Responding to threats in the real world demands a sophisticated orchestration of freeze and flight behaviors dynamically modulated by the neural activity. While the medial prefrontal cortex-basolateral amygdala (mPFC-BLA) network is known to play a pivotal role in coordinating these responses, the mechanisms underlying its population dynamics remain vague. As traditional Pavlovian fear conditioning models fall short in encapsulating the breadth of natural escape behaviors, we introduce a novel dataset to bridge this gap, capturing the defensive strategies of mice against a spider robot in a natural-like environment. The adaptive escape behaviors and concurrent mPFC-BLA activity in eight mice were monitored using wireless local field potential (LFP) and video recordings, both individually and in groups. Our data offers a unique avenue to explore the neural dynamics that govern fear- and vigilance-induced threat responses in isolated and social contexts. Supplemented by detailed methodologies and validation, the dataset allows for the analysis of the transient neural oscillatory dynamics, with prospective implications for the fields of neuroscience, robotics, and artificial intelligence.

The Role of Transcriptomics in Crop Improvement: A Review

Traditional breeding methods have been practiced for years, while more contemporary initiatives using markers-assisted breeding have made significant advancements that have helped us meet the world's food demands. With the depletion of natural resources, the threat of population growth, and the effects of climatic change, the demand for food will be extremely high in the future. But with urgent needs for food and other farm related produce, there is an extreme need to utilize genomic resources for precise crop breeding fully. Plant breeding can benefit in integrating transcriptome studies to improve crops as well as enables the exploration of regulatory networks and whole genome expression patterns, which help in revealing novel stress tolerance associated genes in crop plants. Transcriptome studies can effectively link the phenotype with the genotypes of the observed traits, regardless of the genome availability and/or complexity of the crops facilitating the practical selection of superior genotypes for us.