Government Work Research Articles

Muhammad Abduh's Thought and Its Practical Implications on Government Work Programs For 2024-2029

This research discusses the relevance of the thought of Muhammad Abduh, a reformist Islamic intellectual, to the policies and work programs of the Indonesian government. Muhammad Abduh is known as a figure who championed the reinterpretation of Sharia principles to respond to the challenges of modernity, focusing on social justice, waqf reform, Islamic financial systems, and education. His thinking provides an important foundation for the development of a modern Islamic economy that is inclusive and equitable. In the context of Indonesian government policy, the 2024-2029 work program that carries the vision of Indonesia Emas 2045 integrates the values of Sharia economics and social justice in line with Muhammad Abduh's ideas. Programs such as strengthening the Sharia economy, optimizing ZISWAF (zakat, infaq, sadaqah and waqf) funds, and alleviating extreme poverty reflect the practical implementation of Muhammad Abduh's ideas. The government also emphasizes economic transformation, halal industry development, increasing Sharia financial inclusion, and Islamic values-based education to strengthen global competitiveness. This study uses a descriptive-analytical method to evaluate the relationship between Muhammad Abduh's thought and public policy in Indonesia. The analysis shows that Muhammad Abduh's ideas are not only relevant in addressing national development challenges, but also provide concrete solutions in creating social justice, community empowerment, and strengthening the Sharia economic system. This research also offers practical recommendations on how Muhammad Abduh's Islamic economic principles can be applied more broadly to support sustainable and inclusive development in Indonesia.

An Analysis of Investment Preferences among Government Workers

An Analysis of Investment Preferences among Government Workers

Trust-based governance and social work professionals in a municipal welfare reorganisation

ABSTRACT Welfare organizations, as is the case with municipalities, face formidable challenges due to demographic changes that project a future increase in the number of people requiring services. These changes impact the professionals within these Supplemental materialorganizations, including social workers, who are pivotal in maintaining contact with citizens necessitating service. Furthermore, research has indicated more demanding working conditions under the influence of neoliberal governance. Welfare organizations are actively implementing reforms to tackle these impediments. Adopting trust-based governance (TBG) has been one such approach in Sweden. This article explores the introduction of TBG within a municipality, focusing on its impact on essential social work professionals of children and young adults. The study, conducted through eight focus group interviews with 28 social work professionals, aims to explore the introduction of TBG in these professionals using thematic analysis and occupational and organizational professional perspectives. The study’s key findings indicate that the introduction of TBG in the municipality has varied effects on social services, depending on the specific roles and responsibilities of the social service professionals. TBG offers opportunities and challenges, empowering social workers while placing additional responsibilities on them. Understanding these dynamics is crucial as welfare organizations evolve, as it is essential for optimizing service delivery and supporting social work professionals.

Challenges of Engineering Skillsets Essential for Driving Circularity of Smart Cities

This study aims to define specific transferable engineering capabilities needed for the implementation (design and practices) of circular economy (CE) within a smart city setting. We conducted a critical literature review of over 100 studies on the core values of CE and smart cities to investigate the knowledge gap in this topic and understand what specific skillset is employed by industry experts that can be harnessed on a wider scale, which can allow for the optimization of CE. There is a lack of research on the skillsets needed to implement a circular economy in any setting, and there are very few studies on circularity practices in a smart city setting. Primary data collection allows us to bridge this knowledge gap, yielding new findings that do not already exist concerning the skillset employed by experts in the field, which can positively impact the smart city settings in which a circular economy is implemented. We conducted a qualitative analysis based on expert interviews of 21 participants who have experience in the circular economy. This information will benefit the industry by informing businesses and councils about the key skillsets and capabilities to look out for when employing people to implement any aspect of circular practices in a smart city setting, with an emphasis on enhancing efficiency, achieving deliverables, and thinking systemically to address complex challenges they may face during the implementation. We also investigated the implementation of CE in smart cities to provide a well-rounded view of the different achievements and challenges faced during the process. This mainly focuses on the work of governance in smart circular cities, a factor that has many important implications and externalities in different sectors. This study describes the methodology adopted to formulate a detailed questionnaire for expert interviews with respect to the skill gap and capabilities necessary for working in the industry, the results of which aid discussions regarding the different challenges faced in CE implementation. Our findings reveal that background knowledge in engineering and sustainability is the most ‘highly critical’ hard skill according to the experts, while communication and stakeholder engagement are the essential soft skills required to ensure the success of a circular economy within smart city settings.

The Effectiveness and Mechanisms of China's Grain Support Policies in Relation to Grain Yield-An Evaluation of a Wide Range of Policies.

Objective evaluation and in-depth systematic analysis of the effectiveness of implementing a grain support policy series represent an important entry point for improving incentives to grow food, improving grain production support and protection systems, and guaranteeing national food security. Thus, we collected and organized grain support policies during the study period according to the government work reports of 31 provinces in China from 2001 to 2022 and applied a two-way fixed-effects model based on the variables constructed using textual analysis to further explore the effects of a range of grain support policies on grain production gains. The conclusions are as follows: (1) grain support policies significantly contributed to an increase in grain production; (2) grain production gains from grain support policies are more pronounced in less industrialized and disaster-affected areas; (3) a mechanism analysis showed that grain support policies enhanced grain production by expanding the scale of food cultivation, upgrading agricultural mechanization, and strengthening soil erosion control; and (4) further analysis showed that grain support policies increased pesticide use. These conclusions are of great significance for improving grain production support and protection systems, enhancing incentives for farmers to grow food and for local governments to control food, and achieving the goal of food security.

The use of AI in the organization of local government work

The article discusses the use of AI in organizing the work of local governments. The competencies required for employees in the management field were identified to enable them to effectively interact with automated systems based on AI algorithms. The most popular types of AI are identified, which are already used in the work of municipalities in Ukraine and abroad. Promising areas for the use of AI in public administration were identified. The results of the current study made it possible to identify a wide practice of using AI in the field of municipal management and describe new opportunities for its implementation in the practice of local self-government bodies in Ukraine. The practical result of the study is a set of recommendations for improving the effectiveness of the use of AI in the organization of the work of local self-government bodies. The theoretical result was the identification of the main regularities in the use of AI algorithms and automated systems created on their basis in the professional activities of specialists in the field of municipal management. It is emphasized that the transition to the use of modern technologies and means of implementing managerial decisions at a qualitatively new level has already become one of the necessary tools for the effective work of local authorities

HRM Practice in the transportation industry with job satisfaction, good governance and supportive work culture: Perspective of smartPLS algorithm results in structural equation modeling (SEM)

HRM Practice in the transportation industry with job satisfaction, good governance and supportive work culture: Perspective of smartPLS algorithm results in structural equation modeling (SEM)

Do CEOs with government work experience foster enterprise investment in pollution control?

As enterprise leaders, CEOs play a critical role in driving enterprise investment in pollution control. However, few studies have explored the motivations behind enterprise investment in pollution control, primarily how CEOs' early experiences influence their decisions. Based on the perspective of imprinting theory, this study examines the impact of CEOs with government work experience on enterprise investment in pollution control and the boundary conditions of this impact. Using data from a survey of private enterprises in China from 2008 to 2014, the empirical results indicate that CEOs with government work experience are likelier to promote enterprise investment in pollution control. Additionally, a CEO's perceptions of economic, social, and political status negatively moderate the relationship between their government work experience and enterprise investment in pollution control. This study enriches and deepens the study on career imprinting in non-commercial fields, status perception, and sustainable development and provides practical significance for hiring CEOs with government work experience to promote enterprise investment in pollution control.

THE LINGUISTIC ASPECT OF “SOFT POWER” IN RUSSIAN-THAILAND RELATIONS

This article examines the teaching of Thai in Russia and the teaching of Russian in Thailand as foreign languages at university level. The findings suggest that the teaching of Thai as a foreign language and Thai studies in Russia begins in the 1950s, while the teaching of Russian in Thailand begins in the 1970s and the teaching of Russian studies begins in the early 2000s. The teaching of Thai language in Russia depends on the specific objectives of each educational institution, especially the training of people for diplomatic duties, people working as language interpreters, scholars, and specialists in the field of Thai language. As for Russian language teaching and Russian studies in Thailand, they have some similarities with specific objectives, namely, to enable graduates to communicate with native speakers in the public and private sectors and to create experts in Russia. The development of foreign language teaching is influenced by various factors, one of which is the resumption of diplomatic relations between Russia and Thailand. The introduction of Thai language teaching in Russia comes from the Soviet Union sending diplomatic personnel to Thailand to initiate the development of cooperation. The factor in Thailand is due to the gradual easing of tensions on the international stage in the region, which subsequently leads to the emergence of economic cooperation between the two countries. Among the factors influencing the development of curricula are the dynamics of political relations between Russia and Thailand. Therefore, Russian and Thai educational institutions need to prepare their staff to support the work of government and private sector.

Study on the Evolution of Key Words Collocation in Report on the Work of Government Over the Past Decade

This research employs a combination of quantitative statistics and qualitative interpretation to explore the phenomenon of thematic word collocation evolution in the English version of Reports on the Work of the Chinese Government. Specifically, the research integrates data on thematic word collocations from reports from 2015 to 2024 to construct a theoretical framework for comparative analysis and interpret the differences in word collocations between these reports and corresponding expressions in the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) from memetic perspective. According to the findings, it is influenced by the norms of language expression and socio-cultural contexts. In light of this, it is necessary to optimize the English versions, enhancing the translation quality and international communication effect.

Decision-making of Enterprise Greenwashing Behavior Under The Background of Carbon Tariff

Research background: As the EU deals with carbon leakage through carbon tariffs, export enterprises of some countries that do not meet the carbon emission standards face the problem of increasing export costs, so these enterprises have the tendency of "green washing". Therefore, how enterprises make decisions to deal with carbon tariffs and avoid the impact of changes in the terms of trade has become a hot topic. Based on the cost constraints of enterprises in developing countries, the information asymmetry between upstream and downstream enterprises, and the external environment constraints such as government and enterprise regulation and subsidy strategies, enterprises will make different decisions, including "brown enterprise" behavior that only considers economic benefits and "green enterprise" behavior that considers both economic benefits and environmental benefits. The research approach in this paper is based on game-theoretic analysis and adopts the supply chain game model proposed by Pretis (2022) [1]and Dong (2023[2]). This paper mainly discusses the different situations of maximizing the profit of individual enterprise and the profit of the whole supply chain through the game of the manufacturer's cost information advantage and the retailer's market information advantage. Finally, let business and government work together to get business to cancel the green washing practices that have been adopted. Conclusion: Based on the hypothesis that the EU is imposing carbon tariffs on developing countries, the greenwashing behavior of manufacturers and retailers is related to the green investment return rate of enterprises, the cost and rate of return of blockchain technology, and government subsidies.

Konflik Antar Etnik-Agama Dan Pembangunan Perdamaian Di Lombok: Sebuah Eksplorasi Everyday Peace Di Lombok Utara

This article explores the concept of "Everyday Peace" in North Lombok, Indonesia, focusing on how this diverse region maintains ethno-religious harmony. Drawing upon Roger Mac Ginty's concept of "everyday peace," the study highlights the crucial role of local actors, rather than international interventions, in peacebuilding through daily routines, norms, and community interactions. North Lombok, despite its religious and ethnic diversity, has successfully avoided conflicts often seen in other parts of Lombok. Key factors contributing to this peace include the acceptance of differences, freedom of worship, and connectivity through interfaith collaboration. The article illustrates how local communities, youth groups, traditional leaders, and the government work together to promote tolerance, with religious festivals and community events serving as platforms for peaceful coexistence. Employing an explanatory research method, the study investigates the cause-and-effect relationships within this social phenomenon, elucidating the observed dynamics by illustrating the positions and relationships between variables based on factual field observations. This approach goes beyond mere description, providing evidence for various possible explanations within the phenomenon. Primary data collection involves direct engagement in the field through observation, interviews, and questionnaires, while secondary data is sourced from reputable books, journals, and websites relevant to the research topic. The study concludes that everyday peace, rooted in local traditions and mutual respect, is a viable model for managing diversity and preventing conflict in multicultural societies. This approach, integrating local values and international frameworks, offers valuable insights for peacebuilding in other heterogeneous regions.

POLICY IMPLEMENTATION TO ACCELERATE STUNTING REDUCTION: A QUALITATIVE STUDY

Background: The prevalence of stunting in Kepahyang Regency in Bengkulu Province is high (24.9%). Despite the policy of Accelerating Stunting Reduction or Percepatan Penurunan Stunting (PPS) outlined in Presidential Decree Number 72 of 2021, results have been suboptimal. Aims: This study aims to analyze and evaluate the implementation of PPS policies and identify supporting and inhibiting factors. Methods: Research using a qualitative approach, focusing on the evaluation of achievements of 11 specific nutrition intervention indicators with policy implementation analysis using the strengthening of Edward III policy analysis. Data collection used in-depth interview guidelines with six stakeholders, focus group discussions (FGD) in two groups, and document observation. Informants are selected by purposive sampling. Data analysis uses content analysis. Results: The implementation of PPS in Kepahyang Regency faces communication problems, limited resources, complex bureaucratic structures, and inadequate supervision, which shows the need for increased coordination and support. Village government support and good social conditions are supporting factors, while lack of communication between the village government and the community and minimal budget support are the main obstacles. Conclusion: Communication issues, resource limitations, bureaucratic complexity, and inadequate supervision are the inhibiting factors. Strong support from local government and health workers is the supporting factor. Keywords: implementation, policy, specific nutrition interventions, stunting

Fiscal Policy Uncertainty and Firms’ Production Efficiency: Evidence from China

Total factor productivity (TFP) is pivotal to driving sustainable economic growth. This study examines the relationship between fiscal policy uncertainty (FPU) and firms’ TFP with the least squares method. We measure FPU at the provincial level using government work reports from various provinces in China with text analysis and find that a higher degree of FPU is negatively associated with local firms’ TFP. This effect is more significant for firms from regions with lower levels of marketization and government fiscal transparency and those with higher managerial myopia than for other firms. The channel tests show that FPU reduces local firms’ TFP by inhibiting corporate expansionary and research and development investments, and this effect is supported by the intensified financing constraints. Overall, our results suggest that FPU impairs local firms’ production efficiency.

The Relationship Between Sanitation Facilities and Dengue Fever Incidents on Jl. Aman, Tanjung Balai City, Simardan Island

The incidence of dengue fever is closely related to sanitation facilities that invite Aedes aegypti mosquitoes to breed and become a disease problem that always occurs every year, including in Tanjung Balai City, around 70 cases of people contracting dengue fever and this is an endemic area for dengue fever in 2023. This research aims to determine the relationship between sanitation facilities and the incidence of dengue fever on the Safe Road in Tanjung Balai City, Simardan Island. This research uses a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional method, the population in this study is the entire community on safe roads totaling 170 people and the total sample in this study is 60 people. Based on the results of the analysis, it was found that there was a relationship between garbage disposal (p value = 0.032) and water storage (p value = 0.015) with the incidence of DHF in Jalan Aman Kota Tanjung Balai Simardan Island. It is hoped that this research can provide awareness to the government and health workers to carry out outreach and supervision to the public regarding the importance of maintaining the sanitary conditions of the home environment in good condition.

Jól jártak-e a magyarországi svábok 1944 tavaszán a német megszállással?

Concentrating on the years of the Second World War, the study examines the efficacy of the lobbying efforts of the Volksbund, the ethnic advocacy group of the Germans of Hungary under the thumb of Berlin. The study ultimately comes to the conclusion that the Volksbund was a failure in terms of serving the self-defense exigencies of the German minority. On the one hand, the energetic resistance of the governments in Budapest overcame the Nazi-spirited solidarity of the whole of the Germans of Hungary. On the other hand, the Third Reich exploited their economic resources and blood sacrifices with ruthless precision. Berlin and Budapest’s mutually reinforcing resistance defeated both minority advocacy and the aspiration for emancipation, which emboldened the greatest number of ethnic Germans. As soon as Hungary’s martial willingness wavered, Berlin intervened, although neither the German occupation in March 1944 nor the Arrow Cross Party’s seizure of power in October intended to avail the Volksbund. After the work of the sovereign Hungarian government was curtailed, the Hungary-based German advocacy group was proscribed only servile tasks. Never having been in position to take an autonomous decision with regard to the German minority issue, Ferenc Antal Basch, the chairman of the Volksbund, fled to Austrian territory in March 1945.

Effective Government and Regional Technological Innovation: Evidence From 284 Cities in China

ABSTRACTBased on the exogenous shock of incorporating environmental performance into local officials' evaluations, this paper manually collects and collates publicly available data on environmental target constraints (constraints on government environmental indicators for the coming period) from city government work reports as well as panel data from 284 cities in China from 2003 to 2018, and adopts the DID model to explore the impact of local government environmental target constraints on technological innovation after the implementation of the environmental target responsibility system. Our analysis reveals the following key aspects. First, local government environmental target constraints can significantly enhance the quantity of technological innovation, and the conclusion is robust and reliable. Second, the mechanism test shows that local government environmental target constraints can significantly increase the probability of local governments setting soft constraints on economic growth targets, increasing local investment in science and education, and improving the intensity of environmental regulation to promote regional technological innovation. Third, local government environmental target constraints can more effectively promote technological innovation in cities with low fiscal pressure, weak local government competition, and higher level of economic development. Further analysis finds that the autonomous constraint on the environmental target of local government can promote effectively green substantive innovation. This research highlights the crucial role of environmental policy in influencing sustainable technological progress by demonstrating how local government environmental target constraints can act as a stimulus for technological innovation, especially green innovation.

ANALISIS PERSEPSI, SIKAP, DAN PERILAKU MASYARAKAT TERHADAP PENCEMARAN AIR DI PELABUHAN KOTA PASURUAN

The Gembong River is a river included in the longest watershed in Pasuruan City with a length of 7.5 km. The estuary of the Gembong River is relatively wide, so it is used as a traditional port. However, the river flow in Pasuruan does not meet the quality standards for class two due to the large number of pollutants from the household and industrial sectors. Based on the results of observations that have been carried out in the Gembong River estuary area or the Pasuruan City port area, it can be seen that there is still some waste, ranging from household waste and plastic waste from snack wrappers. The method used in this study was descriptive qualitative. Data were collected through observation and interviews with 36 respondents. The instruments used in collecting data were questionnaires and interview guidelines. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. Primary data in the form of analysis of data results regarding aspects of knowledge, attitudes, and actions of the community towards efforts to maintain river sustainability. Secondary data in the form of water quality index and its parameters in the Gembong River estuary area. The results of this study showed that based on the results of the water quality test analysis, it can be seen that the Gembong River is included in the river with lightly polluted criteria. awareness and behavior of the community around the estuary of the Gembong River or the port of Pasuruan City is quite good. However, there is still a need for optimization of the government's work programs in conducting socialization and involving the community in the prevention or control program for river pollution, so that it is hoped that the community can actively participate in protecting the environment.

The Role of TVET Colleges in Addressing the Needs of NEET Youth in a South African Province

ABSTRACT This study is justified by the ever-rising poverty, unemployment, and inequality that South African youth experience, particularly not in education or employment and training (NEET) youth. It explored and evaluated the functions of Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET) in the National Development Plan (NDP) with a focus on the requirements of NEET youth in a province of South Africa using theories of human capital and empowerment. The methods and mitigating measures that TVET are implementing to address the needs of NEET youths were captured using a phenomenological and explorative research technique to achieve this purpose. Convenience and purposive sampling were used to choose participants for the semi-structured interviews with TVET managers (N = 2) and focus groups for educators (N = 20). Following thematic data analysis, these four themes were identified: (i) Unlocking Youth Potential through TVET, (ii) Relationship between TVET curriculum and economic development, (iii) TVET’s Contribution to National Development and Youth Empowerment, (iv) Constraints faced by the youth in implementing the national development plan. The themes illustrated the government’s obligation to eradicate youth inactivity by providing them with a variety of skills through TVET frameworks. Young people are therefore advised to actively participate in TVET initiatives designed to end poverty and youth unemployment. Additionally, it is recommended that the South African government, TVET colleges, and industry work together to ensure that national development programs, particularly those that focus on the economic empowerment and development of youths, may be accomplished to attain the NDP 2030 target on schedule.

Living the popular solidarity economy as an entrepreneurial bureaucrat: Creating and reinforcing ethical frameworks through middle‐class consumption

AbstractThis article examines how middle‐class bureaucrats in Ecuador create and reinforce particular ethical frameworks through their work, their consumption, and their “side hustles.” Having been tasked with growing and strengthening an alternative economy to capitalism, these government functionaries find it important to engage in productive and consumptive practices to help them experience the correct feelings to be able to promote the Popular Solidarity Economy and avoid being disenchanted bureaucrats. Due to the precarious context in which they work, however, these practices are generally reflective of and idealize entrepreneurial logics. I contribute to an expanding literature on the importance of affect to bureaucrats as well as putting that literature in conversation with authors writing about entrepreneurial self‐making. In doing so, I demonstrate how entrepreneurial logics spread into alternative economy space by responding to the very real material and affective needs of government workers in circumstances of precarious employment.