Working Position Research Articles

Evaluating Experts’ Perspectives on Utilizing mHealth for Data Services in HIV Program Implementation in Cameroon

<i>Introduction</i>: The widespread adoption of mobile health (mHealth) technology has become a crucial aspect of healthcare delivery, particularly in regions with limited access to traditional healthcare systems. Cameroon, a Central African nation grappling with a high prevalence of HIV/AIDS, presents a suitable context for mHealth interventions. This study aims to assess expert opinions on the application of mHealth for data services in implementing HIV programs in Cameroon. <i>Methods</i>: Employing a mixed-methods approach, we utilized a quantitative cross-sectional design (via a survey questionnaire) and a qualitative design (through in-depth interviews). The purposive sample technique was employed to recruit health specialists from diverse organizations and healthcare facilities across the country. <i>Results</i>: Analysis of responses from mHealth experts revealed that 76% held a positive perspective on using mHealth for data services in HIV program implementation in Cameroon, while 24% expressed a negative opinion. Statistical analysis did not reveal a significant association (p = 0.265) between qualifications and perspectives on mHealth. Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) experts exhibited a notable association (94.1%) with positive perspectives on mHealth utilization. In contrast, IT specialists and public health experts demonstrated slightly lower percentages (78.6% and 60%, respectively). <i>Conclusion</i>: Experts in mHealth conveyed optimism about using mHealth to provide data services for implementing HIV programs in Cameroon. The study discovered that mHealth users' perceptions were positively correlated with age group and work position. However, there was no discernible relationship between the attitudes of mHealth users and gender or educational attainment.

Work posture risk comparison of RULA and REBA based on measures of assessment-score variability: A case study of the metal coating industry in Thailand

This study examines the work posture risk comparison of RULA and REBA based on measures of assessment-score variability. During the metal coating process, chemicals were frequently employed, necessitating a heightened level of caution among the employees. The Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaires (CMDQ) revealed the manifestation of physical discomfort among employees. In this study, the rapid upper limb assessment (RULA) and the rapid entire body assessment (REBA) were used to identify ergonomic concerns related to the work of employees in the black oxide coating department of a metal coating firm. The sensitivity of risk assessment between the two methods was investigated, considering the mean and variability of the assessment scores. Consideration was given to the diverse and crucial work positions of employees at each station, focusing exclusively on the standing working posture. In the black oxide coating section, there were 12 steps that 20 workers had to complete. Under the same working postures, the overall average RULA score was determined to be at a high-risk level, whereas the overall average REBA score was at a moderate-risk level. As a result, the RULA method had a greater capacity for risk warning than the REBA method. Levene's test was also applied to determine whether the variances of the risk scores computed using the two techniques were equal. The results of the analysis showed that the variances in the scores using the two methods were not significantly different.

Multicenter investigation of moral distress among physicians and its impact on the intention to leave working position

Introduction: The evidence concerning Moral Distress (MD) among physicians is limited, while such data are absent for physicians working in the Greek National Health System (GNHS). The purpose of this study is the investigation of MD among physicians in Greece and the validation Moral Distress Scale-Revised (MDS-R) as a reliable method for the measurement of MD in the Greek language. Methods: This is a multicenter study in which 200 physicians of all specialties and degrees participated. A self-reporting questionnaire was used. The MDS-R questionnaire is constituted of 21 items that describe conditions met in clinical practice, aiming to investigate the frequency and intensity of such cases. The questionnaire was translated and validated in the Greek language. Results: The test-retest procedure was undergone in a sample of 18 physicians and it was found significant and high agreement in all of the MD scale items. Therefore, all 21 items of the MDS-R questionnaire were found suitable for inclusion in the Greek version of MDS-R. A model of four main factors emerged after the analysis of the results with a total variance of 46,8% and all these factors were correlated with each other. MD was detected to a significant degree in more than half participants. The incidence and intensity of MD were higher in physicians who worked in general hospitals compared to those working in cancer hospitals, which is reported for the first time. Conclusions: The Greek version of MDS-R is a valid and reliable instrument for the investigation of MD among Greek physicians. Moral distress impacts the Greek physicians but the degree depends on the working position. Moral distress is also associated with leaving a working position among Greek physicians.

Electropolymerization and characterization of a new ambipolar perimidine polymer with a perylene core

We successfully synthesized a stable electroactive perinone polymer by electropolymerization from the mixture of syn- and anti- isomers (ratio 1:1) of 3,4:9,10-bis(1,8-naphthapyrimidine)-1,6,7,12-tetrakis(1,1,3,3-tetramethylobutylphenoxy)perylene (NPP). The polymer p(NPP) exhibited distinct redox process, with reduction at -1.20 V and oxidation at 0.60 V (vs. ferrocene/ferrocenium couple). Spectroscopic and computational analyses confirmed structural similarity of the polymer to its monomeric form, revealing a perimidine unit involved in electrocoupling. Our thorough investigations elucidated the redox reactions electrochemical mechanism within the polymer film, identifying predominantly deprotonated bis-perimidine segments contributing to oxidation peaks at 0.60 V and 0.68 V. Additionally, the perylenediamide core exhibits the reversible, multi-stage reduction process. Impedance analysis highlighted efficient n-doping-induced conductivity, suggesting application in organic optoelectronic devices. This work positions p(NPP) as a versatile ambipolar multiredox p- and n-type conductor, indicating a potential for expanding perinone-based perylene-diperimidine polymers for innovative electronics.

DO PEOPLE SAVE ENOUGH FOR TOMORROW? THE COMPARATIVE STUDY ON WESTERN BALKANS

Due to the increase in life expectancy and the decline in the birth rate, which has an impact on the increase in the proportion of the older population, there is a need to develop a rational pension strategy. This is a behavioral economic analysis of voluntary pension funds in the Western Balkans. The main goal of the research is to determine whether fund users behave according to the well-known Richard Thaler model or have a specific pattern of behavior. According to Thaler’s model, people make financial decisions with limited rationality. They are impatient and short-sighted, which is why they focus on the present rather than the future. Younger employees mainly opt for actions that give them immediate gratification rather than planning for the future. More money flows into pension funds when people are approaching retirement, not when they are in their best working and financial position. Another peculiarity of the Western Balkans is that they have gone through a long period of transition, a period of instability, and that long-term savings were not on the agenda for the average family. The paper is based on a hypothesis that should determine whether users of voluntary pension funds in Western Balkans countries (Serbia, North Macedonia, Montenegro) increase a portion of their salary savings as they approach the retirement period. Analysing the content of the statistical reports collected in the pension funds was used as a method of data collection. A regression analysis was performed to examine the established model. Model creation and calculations were performed in IBM Amos 25 and SPSS 25. A significance level was set to α=0.05 (Hair et al., 2019). The results for Serbia, showed significant values for all three R coefficients. R square values were taken into account. Based on the results, the predictor variable (number of users by age) has significantly explained the variability of “amounts of accumulated funds by age” in all three countries of the Western Balkans. The fund users in all three countries behave similarly, paying significantly higher amounts into the fund after the age of forty. Beneficiaries aged between 20 and 39, members of a very productive labour cohort, pay lower, often symbolic amounts into the pension funds. We are talking about relatively young funds in their infancy, which are unstable or insufficiently stable. A more stable and efficient structure can be observed in the case of Serbian voluntary pension funds.

Assessment of Nursing Practice Environment and Its Influencing Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study at Shandong Province, Jinan.

To investigate the current nursing practice environment in Jinan, Shandong Province, and to identify the factors influencing the practice environment. This study is a cross-sectional study for nurses. From October to December 2022, using the clustering and stratified sampling methods, 2426 nurses from internal Medicine, Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Outpatient Department and Intensive Care Department of the Provincial Hospital of Shandong Medical University were selected and then investigated and analyzed using the revised Nurse Practice Environment Assessment Scale. The overall mean evaluation of the practice environment scored 75.13±19.87, with a minimum value of 59.74 and a maximum value of 95.82. The items with higher scores were "the hospital has systematic training for new nurses", "the work system is perfect", and "the hospital can provide continuing education for nurses in accordance with the needs of their positions". The items with lower scores were "nurses enjoy legal benefits", "nurses have the opportunity to participate in hospital management decisions", and "nurses have the opportunity to participate in hospital internal management". The results of the multiple linear regression analysis of the factors influencing nurses' practice environment showed that gender, education, position, and years of work were independent influences on nurses' practice environment scores (p < 0.05), and they explained 48.127% of the variation in the total scores of the nurses' practice environment scale. The estimated values (β) of sex, education, cheif nurse, nurses staff, work experience (year), and whether the only child variables were 3.141, 3.237, 2.713, 5.471, 2.074 and 0.732, respectively. The nurse practice environment still needs to be improved, mainly in terms of hospital management participation, human resource allocation and salary distribution system.

The transformation of the figure of a maid in three adaptations of The Diary of a Chambermaid by Octave Mirbeau

This article discusses three adaptations of the novel Le Journal d’une femme de chambre (The Diary of a Chambermaid) by Octave Mirbeau, published in 1900, by Jean Renoir in 1946, by Luis Buñuel in 1964 and by Benoît Jacquot in 2015. It examines the effect of the time and, to some degree, the places where these films were made, on the representation of the characters and stories adapted by the respective directors. It is particularly interested in the transformation of the main character, Célestine, her labour and her sexuality, and the gender dynamics in the respective films, as reflection of the dominant discourses about gender roles pertaining to the times these films were made. It devotes most attention to the most recent film, due to the heaviest intertextual baggage which it carries and also given this adaptation has the most relevance to contemporary issues about women’s work and social position.

Kesehatan kerja dan penyakit akibat kerja: studi kasus penyakit otot rangka dan sendi di tempat kerja

Background: Low back pain (LBP) or lower back pain is a musculoskeletal disease that often occurs in workers who carry out sitting activities for long periods of time, such as office workers. Methods: This paper uses a literature study method, which is sourced from literature such as scientific articles, books, journals and online media. Findings: The main cause of LBP is inappropriate ergonomic factors such as working position and equipment used. LBP can cause a decrease in productivity and reduce the quality of life of workers. The aim of this study is to analyze risk factors, pathophysiology, and efforts to prevent LBP in workers based on a literature review. Conclusion: The study results show that risk factors for LBP include individual factors (age, gender), work factors (work position, work load), and environmental factors (work room temperature). Pathophysiologically, LBP occurs due to disturbances in the anatomical structure of the spine which are triggered by static working positions for long periods of time. Recommendations for preventing LBP in workers include increasing education about LBP and ergonomic working positions, regular health checks, and physical activity or stretching. It is hoped that this study can become a reference in efforts to prevent LBP in workers.

Faktor yang Berpengaruh terhadap Ketegangan Otot Pekerja Pande Besi

Blacksmithing is a job that requires a lot of energy. Unnatural working positions can increase worker stress and may affect the risk of musculoskeletal disorders. Complaints of muscle strain occur in the part of the skeletal muscle that the worker feels, because the muscle is constantly under static load for a long time. This study aimed to identify the factors that influence muscle tone in blacksmith workers. The nature of this study was to use a cross-sectional approach to analytical observations. The total number of workers is 39, which are taken on a pro-rata basis. Data is collected through observations, interviews, and measurements. Physical workload was measured based on a person's heart rate, while work posture was assessed using RULA. The assessment of musculoskeletal disorders is based on the NBM approach. The data were then analyzed using chi-square and Fisher's exact test. The results showed that 41 percent of workers in the high group experienced muscle strains and 59 percent in the low group. The factors that affect the muscle tension of blacksmith workers are age, gender, working hours and working posture. Recommendations for industry are: managing rest periods, designing comfortable workplaces, providing sanitation facilities and educating about safe workplace.

Factors associated with Low Back Pain (LBP) complaints in workers: A literature review

Low Back Pain (LBP) is one of the health problems often experienced by workers in various industries. This study aims to analyze the factors associated with the incidence of LBP in workers based on the analysis of 10 related research articles. The results of the analysis show that working period, work attitude, and age are the factors that have the most influence on LBP complaints in workers. The longer a person's working period, the higher the risk of experiencing LBP. Incorrect work attitudes, such as prolonged bending and stooping, also increase the risk of LBP. In addition, older age also contributes to the risk of LBP due to decreased bone elasticity. Other factors that contribute to LBP complaints in workers include workload, smoking habits, Body Mass Index, work position, and physical activity.

Dynamic switching: vanadium dioxide and graphene-based terahertz perfect absorber for tunable broadband absorption and tri-band absorption

In this paper, a dual-function switchable perfect absorber in the terahertz band is simulated and proposed. The design leverages the phase transition properties of vanadium dioxide (VO2) and the dynamically tunable properties of graphene. The absorber exhibits broadband absorption when VO2 is operated in the insulating state alone, with a bandwidth of 7.09 THz and a high modulation depth of 99.45% resulting in absorption levels above 90%. Additionally, by operating the graphene square ring and the graphene round ring at the Fermi levels of 0.72 eV and 0.75 eV, respectively, the absorber demonstrates tri-band absorption, making it suitable for refractive index sensing applications. The absorber’s operating frequency can be easily tuned by adjusting the conductivity of VO2 and the Fermi levels of graphene, enabling dynamic tunability. The feasibility of our work positions it as a promising candidate for designing switchable broadband and multi-band absorbers. Consequently, our research holds significant potential for applications in terahertz devices.

A Method of Detection and Identification for Axillary Buds

During the period from sowing and planting to harvesting, outdoor crops are directly affected by the natural environment, including wind, rain, frost, and sunlight. Under such circumstances, vegetables change their growth conditions, shape, and flexibility daily. We aimed to develop an agricultural work-support robot that automates monitoring, cultivation, disease detection, and treatment. In recent years, many researchers and venture companies have developed agricultural harvesting robots. In this study, instead of focusing on intensive harvesting operations, we focused on daily farm operations from the beginning of cultivation to immediately before harvest. Therefore, gripping and cutting are considered basic functions that are common to several routine agricultural tasks. To find the assumed objects from a camera image with a low computational load, this study focuses on branch points to detect and identify even if the stems, lateral branches, and axillary buds are swaying in the wind. A branch point is a characteristic part close to the working position, even when the wind blows. Therefore, we propose a method to detect the assumed branch points simultaneously and divide each branch point into the main stem, lateral branch, and axillary bud. The effectiveness of this method is demonstrated through experimental evaluations using three types of vegetables, regardless of whether their stems are swaying.

Clinical narrative competence and humanistic care ability of nurses in assisted reproductive technology: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundGrowing focus on patient-centred care emphasizes humanistic skills and clinical narrative competence in nursing, particularly in assisted reproductive nursing. However, there is limited evidence to suggest the levels of nurse’ clinical narrative competence and humanistic care ability. This study aimed to investigate the clinical narrative competence and humanistic care ability of nurse specialists in assisted reproductive technology (ART) in China.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included nurses who obtained the ART specialist nurse certificate after nurse training in Zhejiang province assisted reproductive technology specialist nurse training base between 2017 and 2022. A demographic questionnaire, the Caring Ability Inventory (CAI) and Narrative Competence Scale (NCS) were used for data collection. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to explore risk factors.ResultsA total of 122 participants (120 females, with a mean age of 33.35 ± 5.00 years) were included (response rate = 82.43%). NCS score and CAI score was 143.39 ± 19.24 (range: 27–189) and 198.42 ± 19.51 (range: 37–259) among nurse specialists in assisted reproductive technology, respectively. Multivariate linear regression analysis indicated that professional title (β = 20.003, 95%CI: 3.271–36.735, P = 0.020), and the CAI (β = 0.342, 95%CI: 0.180–0.540, P < 0.001) was independently associated with NCS. Head Nurse/ Team Leader/ Clinical Faculty had significantly higher CAI score than nurse (P = 0.006).ConclusionsThe clinical narrative competence and caring ability of nurse specialists in assisted reproductive technology was considered sufficient. Professional titles and work position were associated with clinical narrative competence. Enhancing clinical narrative competence can be considered as an effective strategy for promoting humanistic care ability.Trial registrationNot applicable.

Vibration loading of self-propelled sprayer booms on ultra-low pressure tires

BACKGROUND: The article presents the results of experimental studies of the vibration loading of the booms of a self-propelled sprayer equipped with ultra-low pressure tires 1020x420-18 model Bel-79 when driving through single artificial bumps. Based on the results of the tests, the dependences of the influence of maximum vertical accelerations on the suspension of rods on the speed of movement at different air pressure in the tires and levels of filling the sprayer tank with process liquid were obtained. It has been established that with a decrease in the filling of the tank with process liquid and an increase in the speed of movement, the level of fluctuations on the sprayer booms proportionally increases relative to the full filling. When moving a self-propelled sprayer through artificial irregularities with the booms opened in the working position, located at a distance of 700 mm from the supporting surface, in the entire range of speeds from 3 m/s to 12 m/s, the oscillation amplitude at the ends of the booms did not exceed 80 mm.&#x0D; AIMS experimental evaluation of the impact of operational parameters of a mobile power tool equipped with ultra-low pressure tires on the vibration loading of sprayer booms.&#x0D; METHODS: Methods of laboratory and field research on the passage of a mobile power tool equipped with a boom sprayer through artificial bumps are given. The maximum vertical accelerations on the sprayer booms were determined using the ASSISTANT TOTAL instrument complex, which consists of a measuring unit with a vibration analyzer and an AR38R vibration transducer.&#x0D; RESULTS: The dependences of the influence of air pressure in ultra-low pressure tires and the speed of movement of the MEV-600 on the level of fluctuations of the sprayer booms when moving along artificial single irregularities are obtained. The minimum level of fluctuations on the rods at different air pressures in tires and different degrees of tank filling reaches at a MES speed of 9 m/s. The most vibration-loaded for sprayer booms is the empty driving mode.&#x0D; CONCLUSIONS: &#x0D; The minimum level of fluctuations on the sprayer booms takes place in the speed range of 7.5 - 10.5 m/s. When the air pressure in the tires is reduced from 80 kPa to 20 kPa, the vibration loading of the rods is reduced by 2.8 times. An increase in vibration loading takes place in the range of filling level of the sprayer tank from 50% to empty. When moving along individual irregularities in the speed range from 3 m/s to 12 m/s, the sprayer booms were stably in a horizontal position, no intense vibrations and resonant modes of boom sections were observed.

Relevance Between Standing Period and Working Fatigue on Simpang Jam Gas Station Operator in Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Background: Workplace fatigue is a major concern that demands proper management, as it can result in various health issues. Gas station attendants who remain stationary for prolonged periods are especially susceptible to this problem. Therefore, this study aims to examine the relationship between standing time and work fatigue among Simpang Jam gas station operators in Banda Aceh City. Research method: In order to explain the relevance between standing period and work fatigue, this study uses descriptive analytics. All 30 officers participated in the study as the population. At the Simpang Jam Gas Station in Banda Aceh City, this study was carried out in June. Chi-Square test was conducted. Results: 40.0% of respondents reported being at risk and frequently worn out when standing for extended periods. Additionally, 91.7% of respondents experienced discomfort and exhaustion while working in standing positions. Conclusion: Standing time and work fatigue have a relationship with a P value of 0.017, and standing work position and work fatigue have a relationship with a P value of 0.005. Suggestion: When operators begin to experience signs of work fatigue, provide chairs for them and pay closer attention to rest periods.

Analysis of Work Posture in the Car Body Assembly Process Using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment Method

CV. Faisyal Putra Mandiri located at Kandangan Rejo Lebar street No.11 Surabaya City, is one of the manufacturing industry companies engaged in car body production. In their work activities there are still workers who do not apply ergonomic work postures while working. Unergonomic work positions can cause some parts of the body to not be in their normal position so that they are very vulnerable to musculoskeletal disorders. To overcome these problems, work posture improvement is carried out. Based on the results of the study, it was found that after simulating the use of tools in the metal cutting process, namely the Hydraulic Scissor Lift Table, it can reduce the risk of worker injury through a final REBA value of 7 with a moderate risk level to a final REBA value of 2 with a low risk level. Then in the welding process can reduce the risk of worker injury through the final REBA value of 9 with a high risk level to the final REBA value of 3 with a low risk level. In addition, it is recommended to use a chair as a tool, which is proven through work simulation to reduce the risk of injury. In metal cutting, the REBA value drops from 7 with a moderate risk level to 3 with a low risk level, and in welding, from 9 with a high risk level to 3 with a low risk level.

The Relationship of Work Position with Low Back Pain in Openwork Craftsmen in Mongolato Village

Work position is a person's body position in doing work, if the work position done by craftsmen is not suitable it can cause complaints such as low back pain. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between work position and low back pain in filigree craftsmen in Mongolato Village. This type of research uses quantitative research with a cross-sectional design, a population of 84 respondents in Mongolato Village, a research sample of 45 respondents, which is determined by purposive sampling techniques, the statistical test used is Chi-Square, a research instrument that is a questionnaire. The results showed that the work position of the craftsmen could trigger low back pain and obtained a value of p-value = 0.009&lt;0.05. Based on the resultsof the analysis of 45 respondents, it is known that craftsmen who have low-risk work positions experience low back pain in 6 respondents, where 5 respondents have mild low back pain, and 1 respondent has moderate low back pain. Moderate-risk work positions experienced low back pain in 32 respondents, of which 14 respondents had mild lower back pain, and 18 respondents moderate lower back pain. High-risk work positions experienced low back pain in 7 respondents, of which 6 respondents with moderate low backpain, and 1 respondent with high low back pain. The study concluded that there was a relationship between work position and low back pain in filigree craftsmen. The advice from this study is that filigree craftsmen should pay attention to a good and correct work position by stretching muscles.

The Factors Causing Work Fatigue among Nurses after COVID-19 Vaccination

Introduction: Work fatigue is a risk for all workers, including nurses, who are constantly working to help meet patient needs. The effects of work fatigue when providing nursing care to patients can have an impact on reducing the quality of work so that it can impact patient satisfaction in receiving services. The aims of the study are to determine the factors that cause work fatigue in nurses after the COVID-19 vaccination program.&#x0D; Method: This research used an observational design with a descriptive-analytical approach. The location of this research is hospitals in Jember with a population of nurses who work in hospital inpatient rooms using a simple random sampling technique. The total number of respondents obtained was 165 nurses. The research instrument used in data collection was the Job Fatigue Feelings Questionnaire, which had been modified from KAUPK2 and consisted of 17 question items. Statistical analysis in this research uses a constant comparative method.&#x0D; Results: Based on the demographic data of respondents as an item from the analysis of nurses' work fatigue, it was found that age, education, and working period influence the level of work fatigue (p=0.01; p=0.04; p=0.04) while gender, marriage, employment, and position didn’t influence the work fatigue of nurses (p=0.82; p=0.93; p=0.14; p=0.48).&#x0D; Conclusion: Work fatigue can affect the performance of nurses. The most influencing factors were age, education, and working period, while marital status, employment, nursing position in work, and gender did not influence the level of work fatigue of nurses.

Gaps between Supply and Utilization of Social Work Evidence in Mainland of China

Purpose: The comparison research involving two studies aimed to explore the gap between social work evidence production and utilization in Mainland of China. Methods: Study 1 was a scoping review to screen qualified publications in the Web of Science Core Collection. Study 2 conducted correlation analysis and an analysis of variance using the data from the China Social Work Longitudinal Study 2019. Results: In Study 1, 745 publications from 35 main social work journals represented the overall improving volume and quality of evidence in Mainland of China. Study 2 showed a low intention to use evidence among the Chinese Mainland social work practitioners, which could be influenced by working region, years of work, educational level, work position, professional level, awareness of evidence-based practice (EBP), and willingness to learn EBP. Conclusions: An education gap, an intention gap, a regional development gap, and a time lag were identified between social work evidence supply and utilization in Mainland of China. Well-established education and training, as well as practice-research networks may be the solutions to bridge these gaps.

Gender Analysis and Determinants of Employee Job Satisfaction at Ministry of Urban Development and Infrastructure, Ethiopia

Purpose: Employee job satisfaction is a pre-requisite for an organization. The aim of this study is to analyze the level of job satisfaction &amp; its determinant factors among male and female employees at Ministry of Urban Development and Infrastructure (MUDI).&#x0D; Methodology: 245 questionnaires, 62 in-depth &amp; key informants interview were collected from employee for quantitative &amp; qualitative data respectively. The Percentage frequency, multi nominal logistic regression model (MNLRM used for quantitative data analysis and thematic analysis for qualitative data.&#x0D; Findings: The study finding result indicated that salary, fringe benefits, promotions with standard criteria, promotion chance for training &amp; education, working environment, clear workflow, co-workers relationship, colleague value the work, evaluation criteria, evaluator approach, recognition &amp; reward were statistically significant P≤ 0.05 and the main determinant factors affecting employee job satisfaction. The Qualitative analysis also supports this Quantitative result. The parameter estimates of MNLRM between sex indicates that male are dissatisfied significantly than female in Salary, fringe benefits, fair promotion chance for training &amp; education. Whereas female were dissatisfied than male in transparent procedure &amp; clear work flow, supervisor value, Co-worker relation, Supervisor evaluation approaches. Among demographic factors, Age (P, 0.000), Education Status (P, 0.001), salary (P, 0.000), Work experience (P, 0.043), work position (P, 0.000) were statistically significance which are ≤0.05 and major factor affecting the level of job satisfaction where as Marital status was not significant in this study.&#x0D; Unique Contributions to Theory, Practice and Policy: In Conclusion there is statistical significance difference between male &amp; female employee on the level of job satisfaction at MUDI.