Service Workers Research Articles

Criminology significant signs of criminal offenses related to the illegal use of minerals

This scientific article is aimed at clarifying the criminologically significant signs of criminal offenses related to the illegal use of minerals (Articles 240, 2401 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine). It is noted that the complex geopolitical and economic situation, the imperfection of legislation and other factors lead to an increase in the number of cases of illegal amber mining in Ukraine. This indicates that the specified problem needs to be solved in a theoretical and practical aspect. It was concluded that the criminological characteristics of criminal offenses related to the illegal use of minerals should be considered as an information model that displays typical features, that is, those inherent in such an array of criminal offenses, and specific ones that allow them to be separated from other groups illegal acts. Among the main characteristics of criminal offenses related to the illegal use of minerals, the following criminologically significant signs of a criminal offense are singled out: data on preparation for the commission and concealment of a criminal offense; typical techniques; time, place and circumstances of the commission; the subject of criminal encroachment; tools, means, data about the identity of the criminal, the motive and purpose of committing the criminal offense; typical traces of a criminal offence. All methods of illegal mineral extraction are divided into two groups: open method; underground way. The most common method of spontaneous extraction is hydromechanical. The subject of criminal offenses related to the illegal use of minerals can be the subsoil and minerals of national significance (except for common ones). The place of illegal extraction of minerals depends on their location, and the situation is often determined by weather conditions, the specifics of the activity of controlling bodies, and the organization of the work of individual services. The main sources and carriers of traces of committed criminal offenses are people and things. Special devices have been identified as tools for illegal amber mining. The subjects of such illegal actions can be persons both related and unrelated by nature of their professional occupations to amber mining. The usually group method of committing criminal offenses is indicated.

“The system allows for it to happen”: the experiences of human service workers in engaging with Aboriginal participants of the National Disability Insurance Scheme

Purpose The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of human service workers (HSWs) in engaging with Aboriginal participants of the National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS). Methods Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with HSWs engaging with Aboriginal participants of the NDIS on Kaurna Country (Adelaide, South Australia). Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results In total, n = 10 HSWs participated in the study. Three themes impacting upon HSWs ability to effectively engage with Aboriginal participants were identified: (1) lack of access to training, support and supervision, (2) difficulties in navigating assessment and intervention, and (3) limited availability of culturally specific services. Conclusions This study contributes to Australian disability policy and practice with insights gained from the experiences of human service workers engaging with aboriginal participants of the NDIS. Systemic changes are required within policy and funding arrangements to create a system flexible enough to respond to the needs of Aboriginal Peoples with disability.

The Studentification of Low-Wage Service Work in Sweden: Who Participates?

The Studentification of Low-Wage Service Work in Sweden: Who Participates?

ОПЕРАТИВНО-СЛУЖЕБНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ПОДРАЗДЕЛЕНИЙ ПАТРУЛЬНО-ПОСТОВОЙ СЛУЖБЫ ПОЛИЦИИ И НАРЯДОВ СОПРОВОЖДЕНИЯ ПО ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЮ ОХРАНЫ ОБЩЕСТВЕННОГО ПОРЯДКА НА ОБЪЕКТАХ ТРАНСПОРТА В 2023 ГОДУ

The article discusses the results of the work of the police patrol units and escort squads. It was determined that the positive results of operational activities include a reduction in illegal acts at transport facilities, which was facilitated by the effective preventive work of the police patrol service and escort squads. Negative performance indicators include lack of initiative on the part of employ-ees in identifying and solving crimes, lack of action on the part of management to stimulate person-nel. Based on the analysis, proposals were made to improve the activities of these units of the inter-nal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation in transport.

Influence of Beauty Service Workers’ Communication Types on Revisit Intention with a Focus on the Mediating Effect of Rapport

Purpose: This study aimed to verify the effect of the communication type of beauty service workers on the formation of rapport with customers and their revisit intention.Methods: Data were collected from university students regarding the use of beauty salons in the metropolitan area. They were then analyzed in SPSS 25.0 using frequency, factor, reliability, and regression analysis.Results: This study found that beauty service workers’ communication type positively affected rapport formation and revisit intention. Specifically, their verbal communication had a significant effect on revisit intention through the formation of rapport.Conclusion: Since beauty service workers’ communication positively affects the formation of rapport with customers, education in and the management of verbal and nonverbal communication is necessary. In addition, as verbal communication affects revisit intention through rapport formation, these workers should make efforts to use caring vocabulary, employ professionalism, and consider their clothes, gaze processing, and attitude.

A RBI Mapping Geographic Information System in Pangkep Regency Using ArcGis Online

The Indonesian Medan Map (RBI) is a topographic map that displays several natural and man-made elements in the territory of the Republic of Indonesia, especially in Pangkep Regency. The purpose of this study is to map sixteen RBI objects, namely Hospitals, Education, Industry, Health Centers, PLN Offices, Package Delivery Offices, Worship Facilities, Government, Ports, Post Offices, Gas Stations, Rivers, Dams, Roads, Irrigation, and Settlements. Use the ArcGIS Online app. This mapping is useful for providing information about the spatial data of objects and topographic maps. The method used is a survey by determining the coordinate points of each object. Furthermore, coordinate points are used as data input in ArcGIS applications. Primary data collection is carried out by direct observation of objects or places. Secondary data collection includes Quickbird Citra Pangkep Regency, as well as the Indonesian Medan Map (RBI). Data analysis was carried out in a descriptive manner. Based on the results of object mapping in Pangkep Regency, there are sixteen RBI objects, including: three health service objects, one education object, four transportation objects, five construction work service objects, one government object, one housing object and one worship object object. Sixteen RBI objects are spread throughout Pangkep district.

PENGARUH WORK LIFE BALANCE DAN EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT TERHADAP KINERJA LAYANAN DIMEDIASI KEPUASAN KERJA PADA PEGAWAI KANTOR PELAYANAN PAJAK PRATAMA BENGKULU DUA

This research The Influence of Work Life Balance and Employee Engagement on Service Performance is Mediated by Job Satisfaction in Bengkulu Dua Pratama Tax Service Office Employees either eksogen or endoogen. Based on the results of the research and discussion described above, the results can be concluded as follows: 1. Shows that there is a positive relationship between work life balance and service performance 2. There is no influence between employee engagement on service performance 3. There is not influence between work life balance on job satisfaction 4. There is an influence between employee engagement and job satisfaction 5. There is no influence between job satisfaction and service performance 6. Job satisfaction does not mediate the influence of work life balance on service performance, 7. Job satisfaction does not mediate the relationship between employee engagement and service performance, this is indicated by the T statistic value of 1.587 (<1.967) and the significance value of p 0.113 (>0.05). This value shows that H7 is rejected. Keywords: Work Life Balance, Employee Engagement, Service Performance and Job Satisfaction

The epizootic situation of bovine paratuberculosis in Ukraine for the period 2019–2023

Paratuberculosis (Johne’s disease) is a contagious infectious disease, the etiological agent of which affects various species of mammals, mainly ruminants. The causative agent is the acid-resistant bacterium Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), which belongs to the family Mycobacteriaceae. The most sensitive to it are domestic ruminants (cattle, sheep, goats etc.), which are the main reservoirs of infection for the various species of animals and humans (the zoonotic potential of the pathogen requires further study). In Ukraine, the main methods for diagnosing paratuberculosis are serological and bacteriological techniques. The authors analyzed the epizootic situation of paratuberculosis among cattle in Ukraine during 2019–2023 by systematizing the data of their own research and official reports of state veterinary laboratories in regions. The results of the investigation are presented without taking into account the temporarily occupied territories of Luhansk and Donetsk oblasts and the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, as well as part of the territory where military operations were conducted. In total, over the five-year period, 41 679 samples were examined serologically in the complement fixation test and 13 405 – bacteriologically, by microscopy and cultivation of biological materials on the nutrient media. During the investigation, specific antibodies to the pathogen were detected in 36 samples (prevalence, about 0.1%; BCI, 0.06–0.12%) from the ten regions. The analysis of the serological studies shows that the disease is sporadic and has a significant downward trend in the number of positive cases (17 positive samples were detected in 2019 and 2020, and only two in 2023). As for bacteriological examination, no positive cases have been registered during the 5-year period. In addition to the scrupulous work of the veterinary medicine service, both the persistent decrease in the cattle population and the ongoing hostilities in Ukraine have a considerable impact on improving the epizootic situation., as the number of serological tests conducted after 2022 has almost halved (especially in the eastern and southern regions), and bacteriological tests have decreased fivefold. The visualization of the data shows that antibodies were mostly detected in animals from the central, eastern, northern, and northwestern regions of the country.

Diagnostic Signs and Symptoms of Cyanocobalamin Deficiency at Rural Setting in India: Novel Method of Supplementation.

Cyanocobalamin or B12 deficiency is common in the Indian population, and responsible for anemia. Various clinical manifestations include central nervous system and cardiovascular manifestations, secondary to a rise in serum homocysteine levels. In a routine outpatient department at Bawaskar Hospital and Clinical Research Centre, Mahad, patients with suspected clinical signs and symptoms suggestive of cyanocobalamin deficiency were studied in detail regarding their dietary habits, serum hemoglobin, B12, and homocysteine levels. A total of 1,992 (female 1,009, 50.75%) were clinically examined in detail. Of these, 945 (49.94%), 999 (50.17%), and 48 (2.40%) were strict vegetarians, both vegetarian and nonvegetarian, and strict nonvegetarians, respectively. Common occupations associated with B12 deficiency include 666 (33.4%) housewives, 396 (19.9%) service workers, 316 (15.9%) businesspeople, 180 (9%), and 198 (9.9%) retired and industrial populations, respectively. Clinical manifestations include recurrent scalp hair loss in 268 (13.5%), poor memory in 240 (12%), tingling and numbness in 200 (10%), and generalized weakness in 387 (19.4%) patients. Additionally, 541 (27.15%) patients had pigmentation of the nail bed, knuckles, oral mucosa, and tongue, while 237 (10.81%) suffered from hypertension and ischemic heart disease. During the process of preparation of vegetarian and nonvegetarian food, there is a 30-48% reduction in vitamin content. Supplementation of vitamin by adding table salt to food on a plate at the time of eating improves the vitamin level in the blood. In the absence of laboratory investigations in rural settings, clinical signs and symptoms are helpful in detecting B12 deficiency. Directly adding vitamin powder, similar to table salt, to cooked food on the plate improved blood vitamin levels.

Associations Between Labor Control Through Digital Platforms and Workers' Mental Wellbeing: A Survey of Location-based Platform Workers in Taiwan

BackgroundPlatform work offers flexibility and autonomy to workers, but there are concerns about the impacts of excessive labor control exercised by digital platforms using algorithmic management. This study assessed the level of labor control exerted by digital platforms and explored its associations with psychosocial work conditions and workers' mental well-being. MethodsA total of 487 location-based platform workers in Taiwan, encompassing ride-hailing, delivery, and house chore services, participated in this questionnaire survey. A 5-item scale was created to assess platform-mediated labor control. Psychosocial work conditions, including demands, job control, work rewards, and mental well-being, including burnout and self-rated mental health status, were assessed using validated instruments. Cronbach's α and principal component analysis were employed to assess the validity of the labor control scale. Logistic regression analysis and path analysis were conducted to investigate the relationship between labor control and workers' mental health. ResultsExploratory factor analyses confirmed the structural validity and the internal consistency of the scale. Logistic regression models revealed that higher levels of labor control were associated with an increased risk of burnout and poorer mental health. Path analyses further indicated that higher labor control through digital platforms raised mental health risks by increasing job demands. ConclusionAlgorithmic management is associated with increased stress among platform workers as they try to meet the platform's performance metrics.

Impact of pre-existing conditions on the severity of post-COVID syndrome among workers in healthcare and social services in Germany

BackgroundThe underlying mechanisms of post-COVID syndrome (PCS) are still not fully understood. While pre-existing conditions have been described as a risk factor for severe PCS in the general population, data specific to different occupational groups in this context is lacking. This study aimed to investigate the impact of pre-existing conditions on severe post-COVID syndrome among the occupational group of healthcare and social services employees.MethodsBaseline data from a longitudinal, observational study were analysed. In February 2021, health workers who had a COVID-19 infection in 2020 were surveyed about sequelae of the infection. Factors influencing severe PCS with at least one persistent symptom categorised as severe were subjected to a multivariate logistic regression analysis.ResultsOf a total of 2,053 participants, 21.5% had severe PCS. Underlying respiratory (OR 1.94; CI 1.44–2.61), cardiovascular (OR 1.35; CI 1.04–1.77) and urogenital (OR 1.79; CI 1.10–2.91) disease were risk factors for severe PCS overall. Respiratory and mental illnesses had a statistically significant impact on persistent fatigue/exhaustion, concentration/memory difficulties and shortness of breath categorised as severe. Urogenital disease was associated with severe fatigue/exhaustion. Other significant risk factors for severe PCS were female sex, smoking, physical exercise and hospitalisation due to COVID-19 infection.ConclusionWorkers in healthcare and social services with pre-existing conditions may face a higher risk of developing severe PCS. Additional analyses performed as part of the longitudinal study will show if and how this result changes over time.

Nutrition users’ guides: systematic reviews part 1 – structured guide for methodological assessment, interpretation and application of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of non-randomised nutritional epidemiology studies

Due to the challenges of conducting randomised controlled trials (randomised trials) of dietary interventions, evidence in nutrition often comes from non-randomised (observational) studies of nutritional exposures—called nutritional epidemiology studies. When...

Exploring Gig Work Dynamics and Service Provider Shortages in Ride-Hailing Platforms

Exploring Gig Work Dynamics and Service Provider Shortages in Ride-Hailing Platforms

Psychometric Properties of the Chinese Version of the Gratitude at Work Scale in Employed Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Study.

The Gratitude at Work Scale, originally developed by American scholars, has been widely administered to mental health professionals and human service workers to explore gratitude in the workplace. No Chinese-language instrument is currently available for assessing workplace gratitude. The aims of this study were to (a) translate the original English version of the Gratitude at Work Scale into a traditional Chinese version (TC-GAWS), confirm its factor structure, and analyze its psychometric properties among newly employed nurses and (b) develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of the TC-GAWS short form. A psychometric study using a cross-sectional web-based design was conducted in Taiwan. Three hundred twenty-two employed nurses completed a battery of self-administered online questionnaires that included a demographic datasheet, the Gratitude Questionnaire-Six-Item Form, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale-10, and the Thoughts of Quitting Scale. IBM SPSS 24.0 and AMOS 28.0 were used for data analysis, and Cronbach's alpha and Pearson's correlation were used to assess reliability and concurrent validity. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were conducted. The internal consistency and stability of the TC-GAWS total scale were .88 and .91, respectively. The exploratory factor analysis showed a satisfactory Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value of .88 and a Bartlett's test value of 654.01 ( p < .001), suggesting that 64.55% of the total variance was explained by the two-factor TC-GAWS. After item reduction, the CFA of the six remaining items of the TC-GAWS short form revealed adequate fit statistics for a two-factor structure and a second-order factor. Strong correlations were found between the 10-item and six-item TC-GAWS ( r > .94) in the two samples, suggesting good concurrent validity. The overall scores for the 10-item and six-item TC-GAWS had similar convergent validity, with moderate-to-strong correlations for the Gratitude Questionnaire-Six-Item Form ( r = .45 and .540), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale-10 ( r = .49 and .51), and Thoughts of Quitting Scale ( r = -.57 and -.53). The CFA yielded a two-factor, six-item model that exhibited good fit with the latent constructs of χ 2 / df = 11.06/8 = 1.38, p = .198, comparative fit index = .996, goodness-of-fit index = .979, root mean square error of approximation = .045, root mean square residual = .030, and standardized root mean squared residual = .023. Both the 10- and six-item TC-GAWS instruments demonstrated good reliability and validity in nurse participants. The TC-GAWS may be used to measure gratitude in nurses in the workplace. This instrument has the potential to facilitate a better understanding of gratitude in nurses, which may be applied to the improvement of nursing management, research, and education.

The coach bots are coming: exploring global coaches’ attitudes and responses to the threat of AI coaching

ABSTRACT Artificial intelligence (AI) in business coaching, as in other human resource development professional service roles, opens up the possibility of multiple chances, such as cost- and time-effective gains. However, as AI can act autonomously and may surpass human performance, it can both lead to unforeseen risks as well as create a threat for professional service workers, including business coaches. Using a within-subject threat manipulation design, the present research investigated whether business coaches (N = 436; from over 50 different countries) respond to the topic of AI in coaching with heightened threat-related affective states and how this change affects their attitude towards the topic. Expectedly, the topic evoked higher behavioral inhibition and lower behavioral activation threat-related affective states, leading to lower curiosity in and a more negative opinion of AI in coaching. Theoretical and practical implications are addressed to lower the coaches’ threat-related affective states towards AI application in professional services. A hybrid approach between responsible AI and an ethically skilled and professionally trained coach is recommended.

ПОСИЛЕННЯ РОЛІ ПРЕССЛУЖБ У РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ КОМУНІКАТИВНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ ОРГАНІВ МІСЦЕВОГО САМОВРЯДУВАННЯ В УКРАЇНІ

The communicative policy of local self-government bodies in Ukraine began to undergo significant transformations during the years of the global COVID-19 pandemic and actively continued to change already in the conditions of a full-scale Russian-Ukrainian war. External challenges led to a transition from one-sided coverage of information in the «government-citizen» format to a two-way process of interaction, which in some territorial communities reached a more or less stable partnership. Among all the factors that had a significant impact on the mentioned changes, it is worth highlighting the active development of strategies for the development of territorial communities in Ukraine and communication strategies, as their components, and the appearance of press services and press secretaries in the structure of local self-government bodies. The latter replaced divisions and individual specialists, for whom the performance of communicative functions was often far from the main area of responsibility. The main task of the press services of local self-government bodies is to create a friendly attitude of the population towards state, socio-political, economic and other institutions of society (informative and representative functions), as well as functions related to processing information and requests from citizens and monitoring functions public sentiments. However, provided that their ability to influence the implementation of the communication policy of local self-government bodies is strengthened, they can become a full-fledged subject of information policy. The activities of press services of local self-government bodies in Ukraine are regulated by a relatively large number of normative legal acts (from the Constitution of Ukraine to the relatively new Law of Ukraine «On Media»), which together form a solid legal basis for their implementation of the communication policy of local self-government bodies. Attention is drawn to the fact that local normative legal acts can expand the competence of press services and, depending on the specifics of the communication policy of one or another community, supplement their functions. And under the condition of forming a communicative strategy in the community in addition to the development strategy, the list of functions of press services can be supplemented with the following: communicative function, organizational function, ideological function, educational function, monitoring function. The performance of such a wide range of functions requires the press services of local self-government bodies to carefully plan their activities, which is a natural task after the adoption of the community's communication strategy. Such planning can be strategic and ongoing. Strengthening the role of the press service in the implementation of the communication policy of local self-government is ensured by the development of the ability to manage crisis communications, which is one of the priority goals of the communication strategies of all territorial communities of Ukraine without exception, regardless of their distance from the front line. Key steps in crisis management are prevention, preparedness and response, and recovery. An equally important factor in strengthening the communication policy of local self-government is the introduction of measurable indicators of the efficiency and effectiveness of communication. These indicators are conditionally divided into quantitative and qualitative. The role of press services is, on the one hand, to assist in the development of these indicators, and on the other hand, to monitor their implementation. It was concluded that the implementation of modern communication policy is impossible without the effective work of press services of local self-government bodies, which very quickly went from a simple communication link between the authorities and citizens to a subject of information policy. Therefore, the ways outlined in the study to strengthen their ability to implement communication policy have important theoretical and practical significance both for individual local self-government bodies and for the entire system of public administration of Ukraine.

Employability Skills Requirements in the Professional Services Sector: An In-depth Analysis of Graduates

In today’s competitive job market, the gap between academic preparation and industry expectations has become increasingly evident, highlighting the urgency of identifying the key employability skills required by graduates. This study evaluates the essential employability skills of graduates in the professional services sector. Using a descriptive research design, a questionnaire was administered to 282 respondents in the Philippines. The sample size was determined using Slovin's formula and a stratified random sampling technique. Data analysis involved frequency percentage distribution, weighted mean, and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Findings reveal a significant proportion of respondents as team leaders, holding bachelor’s degrees, and working in professional services firms with more than 151 employees. Effective communication skills emerged as the foremost requirement, complemented by leadership skills that foster enthusiasm and commitment within organizations. Notably, disparities in employability skills were found when respondents were categorized based on organizations’ sizes. Concurrently, respondents reported challenges in articulating well-defined career objectives and demonstrating adaptability. These findings underscore the imperative for higher institutions to emphasize curricula that enhance graduates’ employability skills, particularly in communication, leadership, critical thinking, and problem-solving. Universities should tailor their academic programs to strengthen these crucial skills, benefiting both graduates and the professional services industry. Furthermore, continuous professional development and industry-academic partnerships are recommended to keep curricula aligned with evolving industry needs, ensuring that graduates are well-equipped for the dynamic job market.

Perceptions of Self-directed Learning among Preclinical Medical Students at Universiti Teknologi MARA

Self-directed learning (SDL) is an important aspect of lifelong learning. Medical knowledge is constantly changing, so, medical students need good SDL abilities to ensure improvement in their academic performance and future work service. This study aimed to evaluate the perceptions of SDL abilities among preclinical medical students at Universiti Teknologi MARA and identify the factors that motivated or discouraged them to undertake SDL. A validated 20-item SDL instrument (SDLI) was used to assess the SDL abilities of the students. They were also asked to respond to open-ended questions about the influencing factors in implementing SDL. The 232 respondents were comprised of Year 1 and Year 2 medical students. The mean SDLI scores of the respondents were higher than those obtained in other studies using the same instrument, indicating these respondents had good SDL abilities. No significant differences in SDLI scores were identified in terms of gender, academic background, or academic year. Important promoting factors for implementing SDL reports included guidance from lecturers or faculty, as well as support from friends and family. Distractions from current technology and social media were listed as significant discouraging factors for implementing SDL. The influencing factors reported in this study should assist the faculty in designing appropriate teaching-learning activities that guide and support SDL.

Unspoken expectations and situational participation: a qualitative study exploring the instantiation of next of kin involvement within the trust model

BackgroundDemographic changes, such as an increase in older adults, present a challenge to the healthcare service’s current capacity. Moreover, the need for healthcare personnel is rising, while the availability of labour is dwindling, leading to a potential workforce shortage. To address some of these challenges, enhanced collaboration between home-based healthcare frontline workers, service users, and next of kin is a necessity. The trust model is an organisational model where home-based healthcare services are organised into smaller interdisciplinary teams aiming to tailor the services in collaboration with service-users and their next of kin’. This study explores how the next of kin and frontline workers perceive and perform involvement in making decisions regarding tailoring the services for the users of home-based healthcare services organised after the trust model.MethodsFour in-depth interviews and 32 observations were conducted, and thematic analysis was employed to identify meaningful patterns across the datasets.ResultsThe results are presented as two themes: (i) unspoken expectations and (ii) situational participation. The results highlight the complex nature of next-of-kin involvement and shared decision making, raising questions about meeting expectations, evaluating available resources, and developing sustainable involvement processes.ConclusionThis study indicates that despite of an interdisciplinary organisational model aiming for shared decision making as the trust model, the involvement of next of kin continues to be a challenge for frontline workers in home-based healthcare services. It also points to the importance of transparent communication and how it is deemed essential for clarifying implicit expectations.

Relationship between Workload and Work Fatigue in Employees of Company’s Production Department

The role of human resources is very important to carry out work processes and achieve company goals. So that the role of employees can run optimally, companies need to pay attention to factors that influence worker fatigue, including internal factors (age, gender, nutritional status and psychological state of the workforce) and external factors (workload, length of service and physical work environment). Workload is divided into two, namely mental workload and physical workload. Mental workload is a human evaluation of attention limits while carrying out tasks optimally which is influenced by the workload demands of a task. The population in this study was 127 employees with a sample of 83 respondents. Based on the results of the chi square statistical test, a p value of 0.001&lt;0.005 was obtained. Results from research There is a significant relationship between mental workload and work fatigue in production employees. It is recommended to PT. Milano should pay attention to the conditions of his workers.