Professional Workforce Research Articles

Trends in the geographic inequality of advanced practice nursing workforce in cancer care in Japan from 1996 to 2022: a panel data analysis.

Cancer was ranked as the second leading cause of global mortality in 2019, with an increasing incidence. An adequate workforce of healthcare professionals with special skills and knowledge in cancer care is vital for addressing the disparities in cancer prognosis. This study aimed to elucidate the trends in the advanced practice nursing workforce (APNW) in cancer care, which included certified nurse specialists (CNSs) and certified nurses (CNs) in each prefecture of Japan from the system's inception to the present. Further, it sought to analyze the regional disparities and compare these trends with other healthcare resources to identify contributing factors associated with the APNW in cancer care in each prefecture. We performed a panel data analysis using publicly available data on the APNW in cancer care in each prefecture of Japan from 1996 to 2022. Gini coefficients were calculated to examine the trends in geographic equality. Univariate and multivariable fixed effect panel data regression models were used to examine regional factors associated with an APNW in cancer care. From 1996 to 2012, the APNW in cancer care increased from four to 6982 staff, while their Gini coefficients decreased from 0.79 to 0.43. However, from 2012 to 2022, the Gini coefficients decreased slightly from 0.43 to 0.41. The coefficient value was comparable to that for the disparity between hospital doctors (0.43) but more pronounced compared to those for other medical resources, such as hospitals (0.34), hospital nurses (0.37), and designated cancer care hospitals (0.29). The APNW in cancer care in each prefecture was significantly associated with a higher number of designed cancer care hospitals in the previous year (see first quartile, the coefficient for second quartile: 0.31, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.21-0.40), and a fewer number of hospital doctors (-1.89, 95%CI -2.70 to -1.09). The size of the APNW in cancer care has increased since the system was established in 1996 up till 2022. With the increase in numbers, geographic inequality narrowed until 2012 and has since then remained stagnant.

Inertia, Progress, or Regress? Observing and Explaining Heterogenous Tech Firm Demographic Diversity Trajectories

Tech firms are under strong pressure to increase their demographic diversity. While activists and scholars have tended to treat the sector as homogenously hostile to women and racialized minorities, recent theory on organizational inequalities stresses heterogeneity in firm-level inequality regimes. Beginning with an inductive exploration of variation in executive, managerial, and professional workforce trajectories, we find that between 2008 and 2016 most Tech firms show little change, but that there are also significant clusters of firms that were becoming either much more or much less diverse for all three occupational levels. We model these trajectories as a function of firm visibility, the regulation of federal contractors by the U.S. Department of Labor, and leadership composition. Multinomial logistic regression models show that firms with an increasing (decreasing) diversity pattern in managerial and executive positions are also more likely to become more (less) diverse in their much more numerous professional jobs. Managers are more influential than executive in this regard. Regulatory pressure is associated with increased executive diversity trajectories, but not with managerial or professional trajectories. We conclude that increased Tech diversity is possible but requires leadership, particularly at the middle manager level. In addition, regulatory and visibility pressures primarily produce symbolic shuffles in top jobs.

Medical students’ attitudes towards well-being and welfare: a systematic review protocol

IntroductionMedical education poses serious stressors on medical students, as they report overall higher rates of psychiatric comorbidities compared with students enrolled in other university-level courses. The high rates of poor...

A Collective Action Formation to Address Mental, Emotional, and Behavioral Health in Schools: The District 87 Wellness Collaborative

The District 87 Wellness Collaborative is a multi-dimensional, interprofessional initiative in the Midwest region of the United States that was co-designed to facilitate collaboration, civic engagement, and partnerships among university scholar-practitioners, community agencies, and school administrators and personnel. The primary aims of the Wellness Collaborative are to develop, enhance, and extend school initiatives that address mental, emotional, and behavioral health outcomes of school-age children, their families, and the education workforce. The Wellness Collaborative is composed of disciplinary expertise in kinesiology, school counseling and psychology, social work, nursing, geography, and community health. Broader campus and community partners include specialists from civic and community engagement offices, extension services, and healthcare providers. This ecologically framed initiative supports strategic and system-level change within the district (system) and individual schools (sub-systems). It addresses complex school-level organizational factors (i.e., environment, norms, organizational culture, incentives, etc.) that influence wellness behaviors that affect school and physical education workforce professionals.

The development of ethnoeducational competence of the future teacher

Relevance. The Republic of Kazakhstan faces a challenging task in developing a competitive and competent professional workforce with high intellectual potential and positive personal qualities. Purpose. The purpose of the presented research is to study and analyse the development of the ethnoeducational competence of the future teacher. Methodology. The methods of information analysis and synthesis, the comparative method, as well as the method of induction and deduction, were used in this study. At the final stage of the study, the method of analysing scientific literature relevant to the subject was used. Results. In the process of analysing literary sources, it was determined that, according to researchers, the ethnoeducational competence of a teacher should include: methods of implementing various models of teaching conventional pedagogical literature focused on the characteristics of different typological groups of students, the most typical ways of solving ethnoeducational problems presented in the content of school subjects and their use for the development of schoolchildren, as well as methods of awakening and developing students' cognitive interest in ethnoeducational content. It was determined that some researchers interpret ethnoeducational competence as a set of certain personality qualities with a high level of ethnoeducational preparedness and ability for creative activity, in which the professional and personal qualities of a teacher are maximally manifested. Conclusions. Ethnoeducational competence involves engaging diverse students, addressing ethnoeducational challenges, and fostering student interest in related content. It merges professional skills with personal attributes necessary for effective teaching. The practical value of this research lies in its application to the development of future teachers' ethnoeducational competence, serving as a foundation for further pedagogical studies and benefiting teachers, students, and pedagogy researchers. Keywords: educational activity; higher education; professional competence; ethnoeducation

A novel model of inter-institutional, peer-led, competency-based, interactive workshops for continuing education and professional development of clinical research professionals.

Clinical research requires a competent workforce of clinical research professionals (CRPs) who are well-trained to perform varied and complex tasks within their roles. The Joint Task Force for Clinical Trial Competency (JTF) framework established essential domains for conducting high-quality clinical research that can guide professional development of CRPs. The Research Professionals Network (RPN) Workshops were established in 2017 to focus on developing ongoing inter-institutional, peer-led, JTF-centric continuing education for CRPs. Four institutions and their affiliates are part of the collaboration. Workshop participant survey data and other metrics were collected over four academic years. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses were performed to assess participant experience and identify relevant themes. Participants demonstrated overall high satisfaction with the workshops and significantly value the interpersonal, inter-institutional collaboration made possible through the workshops. These inter-institutional RPN Workshops have evolved into a Community of Practice, which can be expanded into future opportunities.

Activities of the oral health teams in primary health care: a time-motion study

BackgroundEfficient planning of the oral health workforce in Primary Health Care (PHC) is paramount to ensure equitable community access to services. This requires a meticulous examination of the population’s needs, strategic distribution of oral health professionals, and effective human resource management. In this context, the average time spent on care to meet the needs of users/families/communities is the central variable in healthcare professional workforce planning methods. However, many time measures are solely based on professional judgment or experience.ObjectiveCalculate the average time parameters for the activities carried out by the oral health team in primary health care.MethodThis is a descriptive observational study using the time-motion method carried out in five Primary Health Care Units in the city of São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Direct and continuous observation of oral health team members occurred for 40 h spread over five days of a typical work week.ResultsA total of 696.05 h of observation were conducted with 12 Dentists, three Oral Health Assistants, and five Oral Health Technicians. The Dentists’ main activity was consultation with an average duration of 24.39 min, which took up 42.36% of their working time, followed by documentation with 12.15%. Oral Health Assistants spent 31.57% of their time on infection control, while Oral Health Technicians spent 22.37% on documentation.ConclusionThe study establishes time standards for the activities performed by the dental care team and provides support for the application of workforce planning methods that allow for review and optimization of the work process and public policies.

How do primary care clinicians approach the management of frailty? A qualitative interview study.

Around 15% of adults aged over 65 live with moderate or severe frailty. Contractual requirements for management of frailty are minimal and neither incentivised nor reinforced. Previous research has shown frailty identification in primary care is ad hoc and opportunistic, but there has been little focus on the challenges of frailty management, particularly within the context of recent introduction of primary care networks and an expanding allied health professional workforce. Explore the views of primary care clinicians in England on the management of frailty. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with clinicians across England, including general practitioners (GPs), physician associates, nurse practitioners, paramedics and clinical pharmacists. Thematic analysis was facilitated through NVivo (Version 12). A total of 31 clinicians participated. Frailty management was viewed as complex and outside of clinical guidelines with medication optimisation highlighted as a key example. Senior clinicians, particularly experienced GPs, were more comfortable with managing risk. Relational care was important in prioritising patient wishes and autonomy, for instance to remain at home despite deteriorations in health. In settings where more formalised multidisciplinary frailty services had been established this was viewed as successful by clinicians involved. Primary care clinicians perceive frailty as best managed through trusted relationships with patients, and with support from experienced clinicians. New multidisciplinary working in primary care could enhance frailty services, but must keep continuity in mind. There is a lack of evidence or guidance for specific interventions or management approaches.

Reshaping vocational training: a study on the recognition of micro-credentials in job markets

PurposeThis study examines the perceptions of human resource (HR) professionals regarding the use of micro-credentials in the job market. The research explores the role of micro-credentials as emerging credentials in job requirements, continuing education, soft skills acquisition, job application evaluation (JAE) processes, qualification preferences in recruitment, salary/pay scale determination and promotional opportunities.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative research methodology was used to collect data through questionnaires distributed to 124 HR professionals.FindingsThe study finds that HR professionals recognize the value of micro-credentials in enhancing a candidate’s resume and aligning with their career objectives, as they offer personalized skill-building opportunities. However, some recruiters question the legitimacy of micro-credentials, perceiving them as informal and questioning their practical transferability.Originality/valueThis study highlights the importance for HR professionals to remain updated on emerging trends, adapt to the changing dynamics of the professional workforce and incorporate this into their recruitment and promotion policies. It also emphasizes the need for further investigation into the legitimacy of micro-credentials and their impact on the job market and presents the potential benefits of their integration into HR practices.

An International Competency Framework for High-Quality Workforce Development in Integrated Care (IC): A Modified Delphi Study Among Global Participants.

There have been increasing calls in the literature recommending training in integrated care (IC) for health and social care professionals. Although studies have focused on different stakeholders' perceptions of education and training, there is no consistent definition of the key competencies or approach to implementing these competencies among health and social care providers. This study used a modified Delphi consensus-building method with global panellists with experience in delivering and designing training in IC to ascertain which competencies are important in an international framework guiding workforce development in IC. A four-step methodological process was used. First, a scoping review identified a potential list of competencies and features of education and training in IC. Second, predefined criteria were used to identify global panellists with IC education experience. Third, two anonymous iterative Delphi rounds were conducted to (1) reach a consensus on the level of importance of the competencies and key themes to be included and (2) identify existing models of training in IC. This was followed by the analysis of the Delphi study and presentation of the results. A list of eight domains and 40 competencies was generated. Twenty-one panellists reviewed the competencies in the first and second round. The highest importance rankings were allocated to person-centred care, interprofessional teamwork and care coordination. The lower-ranking domains focused on professional workforce attributes. The study provides a global consensus on the competencies required for workforce training and development in IC and offers recommendations on how these competencies can be implemented in higher education and vocational institutions and workplace settings. The results will be useful for developing policy and curriculum by health and education providers and accreditation bodies.

Health care delivery of kidney transplantation to indigenous Māori in Aotearoa New Zealand: A qualitative interview study with clinician stakeholders.

Indigenous people experience higher rates of kidney failure than do non-Indigenous Peoples. However, compared to Indigenous patients, health care systems deliver kidney transplantation to non-Indigenous patients at a substantially higher rate and more frequently as the first treatment of kidney failure. Indigenous Māori patients in Aotearoa New Zealand report numerous barriers to kidney transplantation. We explore the perspectives of clinicians as stakeholders in the delivery of kidney transplantation. In 2021/2022 we conducted in-depth qualitative interviews with key stakeholder clinicians within kidney transplantation services in Aotearoa New Zealand, asking them about the issues for Māori patients. We used thematic analysis informed by critical theory to identify key findings and used structural coding to categorize the themes at the level of society, health system, and health services. We interviewed 18 clinicians (nine nephrologists, including two transplant nephrologists, and nine nurses, including six transplant coordinators). We identified nine themes from stakeholders related to delivery of kidney transplantation services to Māori patients and whānau (family), categorized according to three main levels: Firstly, at the level of society (the impact of colonization and distrust). Secondly, the health care system (failure to prevent and manage kidney disease, health care model delivers inequitable outcomes, and inadequate Māori health professional workforce). Thirdly, health care services (transplantation reliant on patient and family resources, complex assessment causes untimely delays, clinical criteria for transplantation, and lack of clinician ability to effect change). Delivery of kidney transplantation to Indigenous Peoples is impacted at the level of society, health care system, and health care service. To address inequities, a broad approach that addresses each of these levels is required.

122 Evaluating the impact of the Translational Research Program at the University of Toronto

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: There is a need to develop a workforce of translational research professionals with the skills to innovate, mobilize, and commercialize research for unmet needs in the Canadian health system. The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact and value of the master’s degree on the Translational Research Program (TRP) alumni. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: This study will use a cross-sectional approach and an electronic survey will be administered to alumni. The TRP was established in 2015 and has graduated over 150 students since its inception. Participants will be recruited through convenience sampling via email, social media platforms, and personal communication. Eligible participants must have a conferred Master of Health Science in Translational Research from the University of Toronto. All collected data will remain anonymous and include demographic information about graduation year, race, ethnicity, gender, and employment status. Descriptive statistics will be used to analyze and report the findings. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: The results of this survey will be used to evaluate how the TRP graduate degree helps alumni contribute to healthcare, learn to think differently, and establish their professional networks. The findings will also be used to inform curriculum improvements, enhance competency-based assessments, and understand demographic differences in student cohorts to promote equity, diversity, and inclusion. Investigating the perspectives of alumni reflecting on their degree will support validating the program’s objectives and advance the integration of translational science principles in the healthcare workforce and community. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: This research addresses the need to evaluate health sciences education to ensure the program’s novel pedagogical approaches are equipping the next generation of health professionals with the skills to accelerate the transformation of discoveries into interventions that benefit human health, improve clinical medicine, and enhance patient care.

114 Reimagining Entryways: Innovative Apprenticeship Models for New Clinical Research Professionals

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: 1. Standardize pathways, training and evaluations 2. Expose apprentices to a variety of research experiences 3. Remove barriers to hiring early talent 4. Expand opportunities for underrepresented minority applicants to obtain clinical research professional positions METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Collaborators connected by the Clinical Research Professional Taskforce ACTS SIG conducted a landscape analysis survey to identify aspects of CRP Apprentice models and formed a Subgroup. Members will share plans for multiple apprenticeship programs, including specific training modalities and skill sets used to prepare apprentices for a successful clinical research professional career. Methods across institutions include: • Increasing awareness of the profession • Facilitating talent identification for managers • Making the business case for funding and staffing • Implementing work-based learning for fundamental competency development Survey results from CRP institutions demonstrated apprenticeships are value added to teaching how to conduct research. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: The landscape survey of Apprentice programs revealed multiple models in use. The newly formed Apprentice subgroup is engaging in analysis and actively working to build a standardized repository of competency-aligned, research courses and experiences for apprentices. Results will help make the business case for starting or growing programs. Subgroup members have focused on a shared goal of expanding opportunities for underrepresented minority applicants, with current outreach efforts that are extending awareness of the CRP profession. We anticipate a continuous strengthening of connections between institutions to share a variety of models to implement, develop shared tools (e.g., proficiency tests), and share existing tools to standardize pathways and training for CRP apprenticeships. #_msoanchor_1 DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: Academic Medical Centers (AMCs) need novel strategies to support clinical research portfolios.Innovative Apprenticeship Models improve efficiency and sustainability of the clinical research professional (CRP) workforce to train the next generation of CRPs in an effective and timely way.

Navigating the Philippine mental health system for the nation's youth: challenges and opportunities

The challenges besetting the Philippine mental health system demand multifaceted, strategic responses to ensure the holistic well-being of Filipino youth. Through the integration of mental health into primary care, augmentation of the professional workforce, bolstering information infrastructure, reforming medication accessibility, augmenting budgetary allocations and invigorating governance, the Philippines can pave the way for an inclusive mental health system that adequately addresses the exigencies of its younger demographic. In doing so, the nation can make substantial strides towards alleviating the negative impacts of adverse social conditions, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, on the mental well-being of its youth.

Governance, policy, and health systems responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand: a qualitative study.

Since 2020, Thailand has experienced four waves of COVID-19. By 31 January 2022, there were 2.4 million cumulative cases and 22,176 deaths nationwide. This study assessed the governance and policy responses adapted to different sizes of the pandemic outbreaks and other challenges. A qualitative study was applied, including literature reviews and in-depth interviews with 17 multi-sectoral actors purposively identified from those who were responsible for pandemic control and vaccine rollout. We applied deductive approaches using health systems building blocks, and inductive approaches using analysis of in-depth interview content, where key content formed sub-themes, and different sub-themes formed the themes of the study. Three themes emerged from this study. First, the large scale of COVID-19 infections, especially the Delta strain in 2021, challenged the functioning of the health system's capacity to respond to cases and maintain essential health services. The Bangkok local government insufficiently performed due to its limited capacity, ineffective multi-sectoral collaboration, and high levels of vulnerability in the population. However, adequate financing, universal health coverage, and health workforce professionalism and commitment were key enabling factors that supported the health system. Second, the population's vulnerability exacerbated infection spread, and protracted political conflicts and political interference resulted in the politicization of pandemic control measures and vaccine roll-out; all were key barriers to effective pandemic control. Third, various innovations and adaptive capacities minimized the supply-side gaps, while social capital and civil society engagement boosted community resilience. This study identifies key governance gaps including in public communication, managing infodemics, and inadequate coordination with Bangkok local government, and between public and private sectors on pandemic control and health service provisions. The Bangkok government had limited capacity in light of high levels of population vulnerability. These gaps were widened by political conflicts and interference. Key strengths are universal health coverage with full funding support, and health workforce commitment, innovations, and capacity to adapt interventions to the unfolding emergency. Existing social capital and civil society action increases community resilience and minimizes negative impacts on the population.

Chinese caregivers’ attitudes towards ABA-based interventions for their autistic children: a qualitative exploration

Objectives Interventions based on Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) are increasingly used for autistic children in China. However, there is limited knowledge about the attitudes of Chinese caregivers towards ABA-based interventions and their lived experiences. This study aims to preliminarily investigate caregiver experience and perceptions regarding ABA-based interventions through a phenomenological approach. Methods Eight Chinese caregivers of autistic children were interviewed to understand their attitudes towards and experiences of ABA-based interventions. Half of the caregivers’ autistic children were receiving ABA-based interventions, while the other half’s autistic children previously received ABA-based interventions. Results Five major themes were identified through analysis: 1) The beginning and termination of ABA-based interventions; 2) Mixed experiences of ABA-based interventions; 3) The high cost of ABA-based interventions; 4) The involvement of caregivers in ABA-based interventions; 5) Thoughts regarding ideal ABA-based interventions in future China. Both caregiver groups shared positive and negative experiences related to ABA-based interventions. Caregivers expressed concern regarding the quality, accessibility, and sustainability of ABA-based interventions in their communities and the country. Conclusions Implications for policymakers, service providers, and caregivers are discussed: 1) Enhancing the professional workforce for ABA-based interventions; 2) Empowering advocacy and navigating culture; 3) Optimizing the distribution of ABA resources in China; 4) Developing caregiver training and family-centered ABA-based interventions.

Predicting Employee Attrition Using Machine Learning

Companies are constantly looking for ways to keep their professional workforce engaged to reduce the additional costs of recruitment and training. Predicting whether or not a particular employee will leave will help the company make preventative decisions. Unlike physical systems, human resource problems cannot be explained from a scientific-analytical perspective. Therefore, machine learning is the best tool to do this. Many reasons can cause employee anxiety. In this we can use several machine learning models are developed to automatically and accurately predict employee turnover. This work uses the IBM attrition dataset to train and test machine learning models; namely Logistical Regression, Random Forest and Gradient Boosting, examples. The ultimate goal is to accurately identify attrition among a company’s conservative workforce to help improve retention strategies and increase the satisfaction of those employees. Keywords – Employee Attrition, IBM Dataset, Logistical Regression, Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, Prediction

Outcomes of an Interprofessional Opioid Training Program for Graduate Students in Nursing and Social Work

ABSTRACT Social workers and other behavioral health professionals trained to provide prevention, treatment, and recovery services for opioid use disorders (OUD) remain urgently needed in the U.S. particularly in states with widespread health professional shortage areas. To help mitigate this workforce gap, faculty in social work and nursing at a public university in Alabama developed and piloted an innovative HRSA-funded interprofessional traineeship to prepare graduate-level nursing and social work students to assess and treat opioid use disorders (OUD). The yearlong traineeship included specialized coursework on evidenced-based practice in addictions, interprofessional telemedicine and simulation training, and multi-semester field practica in outpatient treatment settings. Impact of the pilot training was evaluated using a pre-experimental one group design. Baseline and post-training surveys assessed knowledge, attitudes, and skills related to OUD and interprofessional practice and perceived program impact. Significant increases were observed for trainees’ self-reported knowledge, attitudes, and skills. Moreover, at graduation students reported that the traineeship had improved their abilities to interact with underserved populations, collaborate interprofessionally, and understand ethical issues in SUD treatment as well as enhancing their professional competence, clinical problem-solving, and health workforce skills. Findings suggest that the interprofessional training program may prepare social work and nursing graduate students to effectively serve clients with OUD and help to address a critical workforce gap in medically underserved communities.

The Correlation Spiritual Intelligence of Nurse’s Toward Fulfillment of Spiritual Nursing Care at Bali Mandara Regional General Hospital

Background : English Arial italic 9 terdiri dari Introduction, Method, result and Conclusion Fulfillment of spiritual nursing care is a form of holistic nursing care that is influenced by spiritual intelligence, in providing nursing care, nurses will not only focus on physical nursing care, but also approach holistic care, namely bio-psycho-social-spiritual because nurses are professional workforce in providing nursing care such as playing a role in helping healing and providing care among human beings. Objective : The purpose of this research is to determine the correlation spiritual intelligence of nurse’s toward fulfillment of spiritual nursing care at Bali Mandara Regional General Hospital. The type of quantitative research, is correlative analysis with a cross-sectional study approach involving 209 respondents selected by probability sampling technique namely random sampling, conducted in March-April 2023. The analysis used the Spearman rho test. The research instrument used a questionnaire. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the spiritual intelligence of nurse’s was in the high category (61.2%) and the fulfillment of spiritual nursing care was mostly in the high category (55%). Results: the results of analysis by test Spearman rho’ shows that the spiritual intelligence of nurses is related to the fulfillment of spiritual nursing care with a moderate correlation (p-value 0.001 <0.05, r = 0.408). Conclusion : It can be concluded that there is a significant correlation the spiritual intelligence of nurse’s toward fulfillment of spiritual nursing care at the Bali Mandara Regional General Hospital with a positive correlation direction.

Comparative Perspectives: Exploring Workflow Efficiencies of BIM and CAD in 3D Modelling

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is a new technology to make genuine project contributions, especially in the industry, architecture, and construction sectors. However, in practice, many professional workforces choose computer-aided design (CAD) as the primary technology, which has formerly appeared and is further comprehensible. Building Information Modelling offered different perspectives on purpose to facilitate designers or architects to expertise in various fields. Building Information Modelling (BIM) contains informative data that can use some expertise as a solution to make the occupation more coherent. This research aims to comprehend the workflow differences between Computer Aided Design (CAD) and Building Information Modelling (BIM) system technology. We collated methods by reviewing some literature and reviewing case studies. Then, we compare the workflow and conclude which is more effective for architectural design. In this research, we explore the difference between BIM's workflow and Cad's workflow to know which is more effective. So, we conclude and can apply the technology appropriately in the workflow needed so that it can simplify the workflow.