Industrial Workers Research Articles

Bangladesh Ship Breaking Industry and Livelihood Assessment of Out-Migrant Workers: A Study of Southern - Northern Region in Bangladesh

Since 1971, the shipbreaking industry in Bangladesh has grown rapidly, employing approximately 40,000 to 50,000 underprivileged workers from the most underdeveloped regions of Bangladesh. After working for 15-20 years, they leave this industry for different sorts of physical problems, which lead to a low quality of life. Therefore, this paper aims to explore the livelihood status of the out-migrant workers in the shipbreaking industry of Bangladesh. The instruments used for this research were a semi-closed-ended survey questionnaire, in-depth interviews, ethnographic participant observation, and secondary research. The respondents are from the southern and northern parts of Bangladesh, aged 18 years and older. This study has discovered no significant differences between northern and southern out-migrant workers in asset ownership, goods, or housing quality. However, the southern out-migrant population earned relatively more than the northern migrants due to better access to capital and institutional support. This study also shows that after working a few years, young people desire to do external migration for better income opportunities. Despite minimal overall improvement in livelihood status, southern migrants earn comparatively better. Therefore, the government and other stakeholders must bridge the gap of unequal socio-economic development between the southern and northern regions.

Study of the Mastery of Digital Self-Efficacy through the Learning Process among Students of Universities in the Livestock Sector

Mastery of digital skills is essential for animal husbandry students because digital technology has changed the way of work and innovation in the livestock industry. With digital skills, students can optimize livestock management, track livestock health and reproduction, and predict market developments more efficiently. Perceptions of self-efficacy regarding the ability to use digital technology will encourage increased digital skills for students. Many studies examine digital skills, but limited studies discuss how digital self-efficacy is formed by involving institutional support, instructor influence, peer influence, and digital literacy. Therefore, this study examines a structural model for forming digital self-efficacy involving institutional support, instructor influence, peer influence, and digital literacy. A total of 263 students were involved in filling out the research questionnaire. This study uses structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis with SmartPLS software. The study results reveal that digital self-efficacy is directly influenced by peer influence and digital literacy. Meanwhile, institutional support and instructor influence do not directly affect digital self-efficacy. Another finding, digital literacy mediates the influence of institutional support, instructor influence, and peer influence on student digital self-efficacy. This study discusses in depth how to master digital self-efficacy through the learning process on campus and the implications of this study for universities.

The Global Prevalence of Noise Induced Hearing Impairment Among Industrial Workers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The Global Prevalence of Noise Induced Hearing Impairment Among Industrial Workers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The High Cost of Doing Good: Earnings in Social Assistance Jobs in the United States

Abstract Workers in care occupations and industries in the United States earn less than counterparts with similar personal characteristics in other jobs. We document considerable gradation within care services, showing that workers employed in social assistance earn less than workers in other care industries such as education and healthcare. We posit that social assistance providers are particularly vulnerable to pay penalties because their clients suffer from low bargaining power, weak political voice, and cultural stigmatization. Institutional context matters—social assistance has witnessed a shift from public to private provision since the 1980s; unlike other care industries, private sector workers in social assistance (most of whom work in non-profits) earn less than their counterparts in the public sector. We suggest that public subcontracting to private firms is a cost-cutting strategy that has put downward pressure on the wages of social assistance providers.

Survival strategies of informal sector workers in Bali's tourism industry

The informal tourism sector plays a vital role in the local economies, particularly in destinations such as Bali. This aligns with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 8, which focuses on promoting decent work and economic growth. These workers, who are often ignored, greatly enrich the experience of tourism but encounter distinct obstacles on a daily basis. Gaining insight into their methods for staying alive is crucial. Informal workers face distinct limits compared to formal sector employees, resulting in less defined sustainability and growth strategies. A thorough investigation was carried out in nine regencies in Bali, utilizing observations and interviews, in order to examine these tactics. This method facilitated a comprehensive comprehension of their day-to-day routines and difficulties. The study identified four crucial survival strategies: implementing prudent financial management to sustain businesses and meet daily needs, utilizing communication skills to maintain income and continuity, enhancing social capital through positive relationships with fellow workers, and comprehending government policies. Out of these factors, effectively managing economic capital is crucial for maintaining livelihoods in the fiercely competitive tourism business. The results of this study provide a basis for future policies or interventions aimed at supporting and enhancing the lives of informal sector workers in tourist areas such as Bali.

Impact of globalization on income inequality in South Africa

Income inequality has been a major issue in South Africa. The 1994 transition from apartheid to democracy and global economic integration presented opportunities and challenges, fostering economic development while exacerbating existing inequalities. Therefore, this study aims to analyze how globalization affects income inequality in the South African economy. It utilizes the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach on a set of chosen variables. These variables include the Gini index, the Konjunkturforschungsstelle (KOF) globalization index, Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, unemployment rate, inflation rate, and government expenditure. The study covers the period from 1980 to 2022, allowing for a comprehensive examination of the relationship between globalization and income inequality over time. The results obtained from the ARDL bounds test indicate that globalization has a positive long-run equilibrium relationship with income inequality. This means that as globalization progresses, it tends to be associated with higher levels of income inequality. In the short run, globalization exhibits a positive and statistically significant relationship with income inequality. The results of the Granger causality test indicate a unidirectional relationship between globalization and income inequality. This suggests that changes in globalization directly influence income inequality. Consequently, it is crucial to implement short- and long-term policies that address the adverse effects of globalization on income distribution. Policies could include providing support and retraining for workers in vulnerable industries, implementing social safety nets to protect those adversely affected by rapid economic changes, and ensuring equitable access to opportunities created by globalization.

Prediction of accident-proneness among a sample of Iranian workers: usefulness of an adjusted version of the Health Belief Model with spiritual health

BackgroundWorkforce health is one of the primary and challenging issues, especially in industrialized countries. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the ability to predict accident-proneness among Saveh Industry workers in Iran, based on an extended Health Belief Model, that included the construct of spiritual health.MethodThis descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 2022 on 384 workers in Saveh, Iran. The study aimed to explore relationships between accident proneness behavior, spiritual health, and health beliefs. The accident-proneness questionnaire consisted of two parts: the first part included demographic questions, and the second part comprised 9 sections covering personality traits, workplace harmful factors, miscellaneous factors, musculoskeletal disorders, safety culture, safety attitudes, job stress, organization interest, and degree of risk-taking. The Health Belief Model included 31 questions, while spiritual health was measured with the 20-question Paloutzian and Ellison questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 software.ResultsIn terms of accident proneness, 229 (59.6%), exhibited high levels, 148 (38.5%) had medium levels, and 7 (1.8%) showed low levels of accident-proneness. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that in the first model, variables of perceived self-efficacy, vulnerability, and severity independently predicted workers accident proneness, explaining a total of 43% of variance in accident proneness behavior. In the second step, perceived self-efficacy (β = 34%), perceived sensitivity (β = 27%), spiritual health (β = 16%), and perceived severity (β = 12%) were included, respectively, which explained a total of 46% of the variance of accident-prone behavior of workers.ConclusionGiven the high rate of accident proneness observed in this study, there is a critical need for policymakers and health planners to design policies aimed at mitigating the risks associated with occupational accidents. Furthermore, the findings highlight the potential of integrating spiritual health into the Health Belief Model, as a conceptual framework for planning effective intervention programs to enhance workplace safety.

Needed but Deplored: Spinners and Singlewomen in Industrial Coventry, c.1490–1525

Abstract Late medieval Coventry attracted so many in-migrating singlewomen that it might have seemed a city of women — for every ten women, only seven men. Some of these peasants-turned-townswomen supported themselves as labourers, domestic servants or prostitutes, but it was the demand for their industrial labour as spinners of cloth-yarn and cap-yarn that drew most women to the city. Coventry’s merchants and masters, who needed spinners’ work but deplored women’s autonomy, tried with considerable success to push these spinners into supervised living within the city’s established households. The experiences of Coventry’s singlewoman-spinners show that ‘maidservants’ were sometimes industrial workers; that singlewomen were corralled into ‘little commonwealths’ well before Protestantism; and that ‘girl power’ was more about economic growth than the empowerment of women.

An Assessment of the Socio - political and Economic impact of the Presbyterian Church of East Africa in the Eastern Region from 1915 to 2022

The Presbyterian Church of East Africa (PCEA) was brought to Kenya by the Church of Scotland Mission (CSM). The idea of the mission was initiated by the company directors of the Imperial British East African Company. The CSM had already settled in Central Kenya and established mission stations in Kikuyu and Tumutumu in 1901 and 1908 respectively. PCEA was established in the Eastern Region in 1915 by the Church of Scotland Mission (CSM). The Eastern Region was the third mission area to be established by the CSM. Their mission strategy was holistic in nature where they combined evangelism, education, medical and industrial work. Although the PCEA has been in Eastern region for more than a century, its impact has not been given much scholarly attention. This study was undertaken to in investigate the impact socio-political and economic of PCEA in the Eastern region since its inception in 1915. The study employed Descriptive survey research design. Questionnaires, oral interviews and document review were used to collect the data. The sample size for this study was 438 which included 9 presbytery moderators, 53 church ministers and 376 church members. From the 376 church members a category of 20 respondents who were identified through snow balling were engaged in oral interviews. The study established that PCEA has greatly impacted in the social, economic and political transformation in the Eastern Region over the last one century.

Cancer risk among air transportation industry workers in Korea: a national health registry-based study

BackgroundFlight attendants face various risk factors in their working environments, particularly occupational exposure to cosmic radiation. This study aimed to assess cancer risk among air transportation industry workers, including flight attendants, in Korea by constructing a cohort using national health registry-based data and analyzing cancer incidence risk.MethodsWe used the Korea National Health Insurance Service database from 2002 to 2021 to construct a cohort of 37,011 workers in the air transportation industry. Cancer incidence was defined using the tenth version of the International Classification of Diseases. We calculated the age- and sex-specific standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) by applying the cancer incidence rate of the general population between 2002 and 2019.ResultsApproximately 5% of the cohort developed cancer. Overall, the cancer incidence in the cohort was similar to or lower than that of the general population, with the SIRs for all cancers being lower. However, significantly higher SIRs were observed for nasopharyngeal cancer (SIR, 3.21; 95% CI, 1.71–5.48) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (SIR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.02–2.32) in male workers and breast and genital cancer (SIR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.34–1.70) and thyroid cancer (SIR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.05–1.47) in female workers.ConclusionsThe lower overall cancer incidence among air transportation industry workers observed in this study could indicate the “healthy worker effect”; however, the incidences of certain cancers were higher than those in the general population. Given that these workers are exposed to multiple occupational and lifestyle-related risk factors, including cosmic radiation, further studies are necessary to determine radiation-induced cancer risk while considering potential confounding factors.

Use of the florence factor in the process of identifying an Industrial City for the analysis of the marketing strategy of a settlement unit

Research objective: The study aims to find a method of identifying an industrial city and analyzing its marketing strategy. It considers the role of manufacturing enterprises and their influence on an industrial city's image and brand and analyses the theoretical relationship for the marketing strategy of a settlement unit. Methodology: The study used a quantitative research method, using the Florence index survey technique, etic orientation. Data from the Central Statistical Office for 230 cities that are not provincial capitals were analyzed. A survey method was used to confirm the results obtained - the research tool is a specially constructed survey questionnaire. Main conclusions: An industrial city is a city where the majority of residents work in industry, the main GDP comes from industry, and this characteristic is dominant in the opinion of the residents. An industrial city is a city where at least 50% of residents indicate industry as the dominant characteristic, while the second most indicated characteristic does not account for more than 25% of respondents. The validity of using the Florence coefficient in identifying an industrial city has been confirmed in empirical studies. Application of the study: An industrial city is a city in which the majority of inhabitants work in industry, the main GDP comes from industry and this character is dominant in the opinion of the inhabitants. An industrial city is a city in which a minimum of 50% of the inhabitants indicate industrialism as the dominant character, while the other character of the city is not indicated by a total of more than 25% of the surveyed respondents. The validity of using the Florence coefficient in identifying an industrial city has been confirmed in empirical studies. Originality/Novelty of the study: The literature on the subject does not address the impact of manufacturing cities on the image and brand of the city. The use of the proposed statistical tool represents a breakthrough in the initial identification of the city's character. Thanks to it, it is possible to adapt the marketing strategy of a territory to real evolutionary changes. This will highlight the qualities valued and formed in the opinions of stakeholders, the most valuable of which will be highlighted.

Rhythm, noise and action: decoding R.D. Burman’s soundtracks of Bombay cinema

ABSTRACT The sustained use of ‘Western’ style orchestration in Bombay film music can be attributed to the trajectory of two kinds of musical practices, one tethered to the leisure economies developed by the colonial rule from the 19th century onwards, and second, the robust and frequent presence of travelling jazz bands from the early twentieth century. As a period of intense transformation, the decade of the 1940s saw musicians from different parts of the subcontinent move to Bombay to find work in the film industry. This process often involved adapting to new performance contexts, genres and instruments. Studios in the Bombay film industry became fecund spaces where musicians and arrangers trained in Western classical music came in heady contact with the jazz men of Bombay’s nightclubss. Focusing on the late 1960s as another transitional moment, this article traces R.D. Burman’s affective encounters with these ‘mobile musicking bodies.’ Biographies of his key musicians give us detailed accounts of their training and involvement in diverse sites of musical performance, before they arrived in the Bombay film industry. This detour informs my analysis of R.D. Burman and his team’s innovative film scores, underlining vocal effects, side rhythms and inclusion of edgy off-key sounds. Moving away from a song-driven approach, I focus on title tracks, background scores and extended instrumental set-pieces of crime and action genres that are now getting recirculated on the internet by R.D. Burman’s fans. Through a methodology that will combine textual analysis, internet ethnography and close listening, the article will argue that these new soundscapes carried the inscriptions of global music cultures and ‘extra-musical’ noise.

Subjective Career Success of Industrial Workers a Decade After Mass Redundancy

This study examines which factors influence the long-term subjective career success of industrial workers, who experienced mass redundancy during the Great Recession. We used two tailor-made surveys to analyze how workers assess the impact of plant closure on their subjective career success. Higher educational attainment and a more internal locus of control correlate with a more positive assessment of post-redundancy career success. We also observe differences in workers’ evaluations due to differing plant closure modalities on the meso-level.

Analisa Penempatan Program Keahlian dan Praktek Kerja Industri Terhadap Kesiapan Kerja Siswa Kelas XII Di SMK Negeri 6 Kota Jambi

This research aims to understand and knowledge about the analysis of skills program placement and Industrial Work Practices (Internship) on student work readiness at SMK Negeri 6 Jambi City. The research method used in this research is a qualitative method using descriptive analysis techniques. The research results show that evaluation of learning during Prakerin can contribute and provide additional information for the development of vocational school skills programs, expanding subject matter, increasing students' interests and talents, as well as their future readiness in entering the real world of work.

Thermal Stress and Its Relationship with Industry: A Systematic Review of The Literature

Objective:This study systematically reviews the literature on the impact of environment temperature on industrial workers and the competitive capacity of industrial organizations. Theoretical Framework:Research such as that by Ferrari et al. (2023) and Varghese (2018) indicates that the relationship between heat and occupational health is predominant, influencing productivity and economic costs. Borg et al. (2021) highlight the need to explore the economic impacts of heat in the workplace to develop effective management policies. Hariyani et al. (2022) emphasize the importance of integrating sustainability and technology into organizational strategies to increase competitiveness. Method:Using the PRISMA protocol and the Science Direct, Web of Science, PubMed and Scopus databases, the research analyzed 329 documents from 31 journals. Results and Discussion:The results indicate that high environment temperatures affect the physical and mental health of workers, reducing productivity. Organizations implement strategic actions and mitigation measures when they perceive competitive advantages. However, industries do not see environment temperature as a direct factor in reducing competitiveness, addressing it as secondary to the economic axis, which creates a knowledge gap. Research Implications:This research allows organizations to create new strategies to mitigate risks that may reduce their competitive capabilities. In addition, it allows for the creation of direct actions for the thermal comfort of workers, due to the central role of human beings in the competitive capacity of industrial organizations. Originality/Value:This work highlights a gap in the scientific literature and in organizational strategies in the search for competitiveness, since the main actors in the manufacturing process, the workers, who are the most affected by exposure to AT, are not seen as elements sensitive to environmental risk .

Meningkatkan Kompetensi dan Peluang Siap Kerja melalui Program Beasiswa di Bidang Teknologi Informasi

The increasing need for workers in the information technology industry isn't in line with the education gap in Indonesia. One thing that can be solved to overcome this is providing scholarships in the information technology industry to provide financial assistance to support the education being pursued. PT Hacktivate Teknologi Indonesia (Hacktiv8) as a training institution of information technology that transforms beginners into digital talents also plays a role in combating this educational gap by providing Fullstack Javascript and Fulltime Data Science scholarship programs at the Hacktiv8 Surabaya Campus. This research uses qualitative research methods and uses primary and secondary data. The scholarship program was awarded to 6 selected participants who passed the acceptance test selection from 215 applicants. Scholarships are awarded with a full or partial scholarship scheme. Bootcamp education will be run according to the chosen program to improve competencies and skills that support work readiness and global competence.

Institutional work and institutional entrepreneurship in the Ontario craft beer industry

Abstract This paper explores how Ontario’s craft brewers created new as well as disrupted and changed existing institutions at local and regional levels in the province’s beer industry. Using a relational economic geography framework and a markets-as-practices perspective, this study highlights the brewer’s collaborative and pro-social practices, showing how close inter-firm relations and engagement with local communities resulted in resource mobilization such as better access to financial capital and greater social capital, which mobilized public support for the industry, and ultimately which helped individual and collective institutional work efforts succeed. The findings are significant as they show how actors in the industry overcame the constraints imposed on them in an oligopolistic market dominated by multinational firms. It also posits craft brewers acted individually at a local scale as institutional entrepreneurs, revisiting criticisms around this concept. This research contributes to understanding how localized market actors can achieve broader institutional change and offers insights into the relationship between market practices and institutional work, including entrepreneurship in craft industries.

Managing workplace AI risks and the future of work.

Artificial intelligence (AI)-the field of computer science that designs machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence-has seen rapid advances in the development of foundation systems such as large language models. In the workplace, the adoption of AI technologies can result in a broad range of hazards and risks to workers, as illustrated by the recent growth in industrial robotics and algorithmic management. Sources of risk from deployment of AI technologies across society and in the workplace have led to numerous government and private sector guidelines that propose principles governing the design and use of trustworthy and ethical AI. As AI capabilities become integrated in devices, machines, and systems across industry sectors, employers, workers, and occupational safety and health practitioners will be challenged to manage AI risks to worker health, safety, and well-being. Five risk management options are presented as ways to assure that only trustworthy and ethical AI enables workplace devices, machinery, and processes. AI technologies will play a significant role in the future of work. The occupational safety and health practice and research communities need to ensure that the promise of these new AI technologies results in benefit, not harm, to workers.

Effects of Technostress on Psychological Contract Violation and Organizational Change Resistance.

This study investigates the effects of technostress perceived by employees on psychological contract violations and resistance to organizational change, as information and communication technology is applied to various tourism industry work sites. This study's sample consisted of employees working in the Korean tourism industry in June 2023, who were surveyed using snowball sampling. Four hypotheses were proposed. First, technostress is associated with psychological contract violations. Second, psychological contract violations are associated with organizational change resistance. Third, technostress is associated with organizational change resistance. Fourth, psychological contract violations may play a mediating role in the relationship between technostress and organizational change resistance. All hypotheses in this study were adopted. Therefore, organizations and management in the tourism industry should identify and improve the factors that cause employee technostress arising from expanding information and communication technology to provide psychological stability.

Impact of work pace on cardiorespiratory outcomes, perceived effort and carried load in industrial workers: a randomised cross-over trial

ObjectivesThis study investigates the impact of different work paces on cardiorespiratory outcomes, perceived effort and carried load (CL) in industrial workers.MethodsA randomised cross-over trial was conducted at a mid-sized steel...