Workers Abroad Research Articles

Pemenuhan Nafkah Istri Yang Ditinggal Suami Untuk Menjadi TKI

Marriage is about mutually obtaining rights and obligations and aims to establish a social relationship based on mutual help because marriage includes the implementation of religion, so it contains this. The goal/intent is to hope for the pleasure of Allah SWT, but sometimes in the household the economic situation becomes an obstacle in itself so that the husband decides to go as a migrant worker and leave his wife. The aim of this research is to find out what the law is regarding fulfilling the livelihood of a wife whose husband left her to become a migrant worker in the sense of fulfilling non-material (mental) livelihood which cannot be distributed. This research method uses a qualitative research method with a descriptive approach. The results in this study show that a TKI who leaving his wife with the obligation to provide non-material support. This can be circumvented by TKI who work abroad by taking leave rights in accordance with article 73 paragraph (1) of Law no. 39 of 2004 concerning Placement and Protection of Indonesian Workers Abroad. In addition, from the results of the interview as a whole, it can be concluded that they have worked as husband and wife to meet their inner needs, namely by being open to each other about the needs of intimate relationships, as well as understanding and accepting each other the situations that occur as part of the journey of life through intense communication, either through telephone, video call, or text

THE ROLE OF MIGRANT WORKERS IN IMPROVING FAMILY WELFARE THROUGH THE PERSPECTIVE OF ISLAMIC ECONOMIC LAW

This research aims to answer the question about the understandings of Islamic Economic Law on the Role of Women Workers Abroad in Improving Family Economic Welfare (Study in Panggungrejo Village, Gondanglegi District). This research uses a qualitative research methodology, using a descriptive approach. The primary data sources of this study are interviews, observations, interviews, and documents analysis. the theory has been adjusted in this study, namely, (the role of female workers in the welfare of the family economy) Participation of overseas female workers has an important role in improving the welfare of the family as a whole. They can buy the various daily necessities, have a private vehicle , build houses, and buy land. Their lives are included in the prosperous category, which differentiates them from their previous lives and other societies. Meanwhile, in the perspective of Islamic Economic Law, the participation of women workers abroad played an important role in improving people's welfare. Based on the research results, their participation is in accordance with Islamic principles. The fulfillment of this welfare are based on the indicators described in the Al-Qur'an. The income earned by women who work as TKW abroad can help them meet basic needs such as adequate consumption, as well as creating a sense of comfort, security and peace.

Review of the Law on the Protection of Indonesian Illegal Workers (TKI) Abroad

The purpose of this study is to analyze: 1) Describe and explain the legal arrangements of illegal Indonesian Workers (TKI) in Indonesia; 2) Analyze legal reviews of the protection of illegal Indonesian Workers (TKI) abroad. The research method used is normative juridical with a statutory approach, concept approach, and case studies.The results showed that: 1) In Indonesia, Law Number 18 of 2017 concerning the Protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers regulates protection for Indonesian migrant workers, including migrant workers who work officially abroad. However, for illegal migrant workers, their presence abroad illegally makes them vulnerable to exploitation, oppression, and injustice. To minimize the problems faced by workers abroad and protect the dignity and dignity of these workers, the regulation on the placement of Indonesian workers abroad in Law No. 39 of 2004 concerning the Placement and Protection of Indonesian Workers Abroad is a way out. 2) In legal reviews of illegal migrant workers abroad, it is important to consider efforts to prevent illegal departure of migrant workers and also improve protection for those already abroad. This could include measures such as education about the risks of illegal migration, law enforcement against illegal entrepreneurs or brokers, and increased access to legal and consular assistance for migrant workers in need

The Criminal Act of Smuggling Indonesian Workers Abroad, Human Smuggling Perspective

<em>The business, as usual, of work-carrying can't be isolated from the issues of interest and supply. The bootleggers will work with the individuals who can pay, then, at that point, find go-betweens, then, at that point, transport skippers and individuals who will make counterfeit reports if essential. The humanistic lawful exploration strategy is an overview, in particular an examination that takes information straightforwardly from respondents involving interviews as an information assortment device, and afterward the information taken is handled so determinations are made utilizing a logical technique. In the mean time, assuming we take a gander at its tendency, this exploration is illustrative, specifically research that makes sense of in clear and itemized sentences the two issue definitions examined. Illegal exploitation is a type of transnational coordinated wrongdoing that can possibly have different ramifications for different violations. Human carrying can be a shortcoming of a country's general set of laws in dealing with instances of stowed-away inspiration by outsiders to make their country a go-between country for that nation's violations. Different violations might emerge because of human carelessness in completing the act of illegal exploitation, like regular wrongdoings (extortion, assault, murder, and robbery), transportation, illegal exploitation, tax evasion, banking wrongdoings, and psychological warfare.</em>

Indonesian Government Policy Regarding Working Hours for Indonesian Female Migrant Workers Abroad in the COVID-19 Pandemic Era

Indonesia has been sending migrant workers since the 1970s and it is mostly dominated by women who work in the informal and low-skilled sectors such as domestic workers, child and elderly caretakers, or factory workers. The economic issue has become the biggest driving factor for these workers to work abroad, in addition to social and cultural factors. During the COVID-19 pandemic, migrant women experienced significant impacts, especially changes to increasingly longer working hours. This research aims to identify COVID-19 on Indonesian female migrant workers and produce policy recommendations that protect women's work rights. This research design is qualitative research with data collection methods through literature study and in-depth interviews with Indonesian female migrant workers abroad. Based on research results, during the pandemic many Indonesian migrant workers worked longer than the applicable standard working hours, approximately more than 15 hours per day. However, there are no clear rules or forms of protection that guarantee the welfare of Indonesian migrant workers by increasing working hours beyond the established standards.

MODUS DAN FAKTOR PENYEBAB MARAKNYA KASUS PEKERJA MIGRAN INDONESIA (PMI) ILEGAL DI KABUPATEN LUMAJANG

Abstract
 The low level of wages in the country is related to the limited number of jobs available, making people prefer to work abroad. Most Indonesian Migrant Workers (PMI) choose illegal routes. In many cases of illegal migration, both in the context of internal migration and international migration, the role of "taikong" or labor brokers is very important. As happened in Lumajang Regency, in November 2023, it was recorded in the Lumajang District Court's Case Tracking Information System (SIPP) that there were 6 cases of the Crime of Human Trafficking (TPPO) committed by taikong or brokers in sending and placing PMI illegally abroad. . The aim of this research is to analyze the Taikong or Broker Mode in Lumajang Regency in the Illegal Placement of Indonesian Migrant Workers (PMI) Abroad and to analyze the factors that cause Indonesian Migrant Workers (PMI) to choose illegal methods. This research uses empirical legal research with a juridical-sociological approach.
 Keyword : Modus, the Illegal Placement of Indonesian Migrant Workers, the Crime of Human Trafficking

Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Tenaga Kerja Indonesia yang Bekerja di Luar Negeri Berdasarkan Prinsip Negara Hukum

The low level of education of migrant workers working abroad often makes the fate of migrant workers less favorable. Although this is not entirely true, those affected by the calamity of injustice treatment that are detrimental to most of those with less education. The level of education will also greatly affect language acquisition, access to technological information and the culture in which they work, especially for migrant workers who work in institutions or institutions, such as hospitals, restaurants, shops, and other institutions that make language as a means of communication is a very crucial issue. This means the quality of education is an important factor in consideration in sending workers abroad. The meaning and significance of work for everyone is reflected in the 1945 Constitution Article 27 paragraph (2) states that every Indonesian citizen has the right to work and a decent living for humanity. The migrant worker placement program abroad is one of the efforts to overcome the unemployment problem. The role of the government in this program focuses on aspects of development, protection and providing various facilities to related parties, especially migrant workers and Private Indonesian Labor Placement Implementers (PPTKIS). If you have obtained permission from the government to carry out migrant worker placement services abroad in accordance with Law No. 39 of 2004 concerning the Placement and Protection of Indonesian Workers Abroad. In terms of protection for migrant workers, the right to protection starts from pre-placement, placement period, until post-placement.

Khary Oronde Polk. Contagions of Empire: Scientific Racism, Sexuality, and Black Military Workers Abroad, 1898–1948.

Khary Oronde Polk. <i>Contagions of Empire: Scientific Racism, Sexuality, and Black Military Workers Abroad, 1898–1948</i>.

Legal Protection of Indonesian Migrant Woekers Reviewed According to Law Number 18 of 2017 Concerning the Protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers

Background. The government has issued laws and regulations regarding the protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers. However, the large number of Indonesian Migrant Workers abroad has led to many problems faced by Migrant Workers. Purpose. In this thesis, the problem is how the protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers according to Law Number 18 of 2017 and how the government's efforts in providing legal protection for Indonesian Migrant Workers. Method. In conducting this research the author uses library research and field research, which is in the form of data collection and is extracted based on literatulism such as, books, print media, electronic media, internet media and interviews, the data is obtained from legal materials related to the Protection of Indonesian Migrants. Results. The results and conclusions of the research show that the Protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers based on Law Number 18 of 2017, the protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers is all efforts to protect the interests of prospective Indonesian Migrant Workers and / or Indonesian Migrant Workers and their families in realizing the guaranteed fulfillment of their rights in legal, economic and social aspects Conclusion. The government's efforts so far can be seen in the form of laws and regulations issued in response to the needs of Indonesian Migrant Workers. Indicators of the condition of protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers can at least be seen from three aspects, namely pre-placement, placement and post-placement

Protecting Our Migrant Workers from Violence: How the Legal Protection System Works?

There are many cases of violence against TKI, especially female immigrant workers. This analysis analyzes the legal protection for victims of violence, especially TKI. The method in this study uses a normative juridical study where the researcher uses several references as legal materials to analyze the topic of discussion. This case study finds that Law no. 39 of 2004 concerning the Placement and Protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers Abroad, is a regulation that regulates the protection of Indonesian migrant workers. This regulation stipulates that the regulation of TKI must be based on the principles of integration, equality of rights, democracy, social justice, gender justice and justice, anti-discrimination, and anti-trafficking. The government is responsible for enhancing efforts to protect Indonesian migrant workers abroad. For this reason, it is necessary to find an appropriate solution to overcome these problems and issues. This case study concludes that, although various legal theories and regulations are able to answer cases of violence against TKI, an in-depth analysis is needed to obtain a complete picture. This case study suggests that special regulations or laws are needed to prevent violence against women, in the sense of criminalizing criminal acts to providing legal remedies and sanctions for victims. In this case, sanctions are regulated not only against the perpetrators, but also the legal process and compensation, recovery and safety of victims.

Analysis of Laws for the Protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers Abroad

The situation of TKI abroad during the last few years has been very concerning and has received little attention from the government, the problem of TKI is considered less important and the government has only been busy talking when cases surfaced in the community and received negative responses from the community. Quoted from Republika.co.id Domestic violence (KDRT) among Indonesian citizens living in Australia has increased recently. Legal protection for female workers abroad who are victims of exploitation-rape currently prioritizes the fulfillment of the rights of victims who work legally abroad. The rights of all migrant workers and their families, as well as ILO conventions beforehand, contain elements to protect workers from Indonesia when they encounter a legal challenge in the host country of migrant workers. In addition, guidance is carried out by the government through BNP2TKI and BP3TKI by Article 90 of Law No. 39 of 2004 concerning the Placement and Protection of Overseas Workers, such as providing guidance and advocacy for TKI starting from pre-placement, placement, and post-placement periods. TKI understand the legal system of the TKI receiving country so that if the TKI encounter legal problems, they will know what to do. And also the activeness of ambassadors, consular officers, and attaches in establishing cooperation related to the protection of Indonesian workers who are victims in countries receiving TKI in various forms of diplomatic relations and MoUs

Policy of The Government of Aceh in The Placement of Migrant Workers Abroad

The policy of the Government of Aceh in the Placement of Overseas Migrant Workers needs to be carried out in an integrated system involving the Regency/City Regional Government and the community, according to the mandate of Article 18B of the 1945 Constitution, Article 174 paragraph (5), and Article 175 paragraph (4) of the Law No. 11 of 2006 concerning the Government of Aceh, Qanun Number 7 of 2014 concerning Manpower, and the issuance of Governor of Aceh Regulation Number 112 of 2016 concerning Position, Organizational Structure, Duties, Functions and Work Procedures of the Aceh Manpower and Mobility Office. This research uses a qualitative approach, which is research that stems from an inductive mindset, based on objective observation, participation in a social phenomenon, which is related to objects of social science, economics, culture, law, and other social sciences, and observations in directed at certain individuals or social groups based on certain goals. With the consideration of wanting to study the Aceh Government's Policy on the Placement of Overseas Migrant Workers. Conclusions and Suggestions, Aceh Government Policy in Placement of Overseas Migrant Workers implemented through the Acehnese Manpower and Population Mobility Service has made several policies but good management policies need to be implemented so that they are more dynamic and implementable, and can open access and motivate candidates Migrant workers in regency/municipality areas, need evaluation, improvement in administration and service quality to support a better overseas placement program for migrant workers, because based on existing rules and policies, all prospective migrant workers cannot be accommodated. facilitating the placement of foreign workers.

Analisis Yuridis Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Tenaga Kerja Indonesia Ditinjau Dari Undang-Undang Nomor 18 Tahun 2017 Tentang Perlindungan Pekerja Migran Indonesia

Indonesian Migrant Workers (TKI) is one of the country's largest foreign exchange. Along with the number of TKI who work abroad, the increasing treatment that is not in accordance with what is expected by the workers. The treatment of employers or employers is often contrary to applicable law. The provisions in Law Number 18 of 2017 concerning the Protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers Abroad regulates how the protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers working abroad, labor law or employment (Labor Law) is part of the law regarding the regulation of labor relations, both individual and collective. Research is a basic tool in the development of science and technology. This is because research aims to reveal the truth in a systematic, methodological, and consistent manner. The data and information that the author uses in writing this thesis are obtained or obtained through normative research.Research is a basic tool in the development of science and technology. This is because research aims to reveal the truth in a systematic, methodological, and consistent manner. The data and information that the author uses in writing this thesis are obtained or obtained through normative research. The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia Article 27 paragraph (2) states that every Indonesian citizen has the right to work and a decent living for humanity. In fact, limited job opportunities in the country have caused many Indonesian citizens to seek work abroad. Juridically the laws and regulations in the field of placement and protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers (TKI) are not synchronized vertically or horizontally. While sociologically the level of legal awareness of prospective Indonesian Migrant Workers (TKI), lack of supervision from labor inspectors, weak law enforcement. Legal Protection for Indonesian Migrant Workers Working Abroad as regulated in Law Number 18 of 2017 concerning the Protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers Abroad. It must start with reforming the law. It aims to protect Indonesian Migrant Workers (TKI) who work abroad properly

Implementation of the protection and placement of Indonesian workers abroad based on Law NO. 39 year 2004

The purpose of this research is to find out: (1). Protection and placement of Indonesian Migrant Workers Abroad according to Law no. 39 of 2004. (2). The obstacles faced in the protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers Abroad by the Provincial Service Center for Placement and Protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers (BP3TKI) - Banten. (3). Efforts in the protection of Indonesian workers Abroad carried out by the Center to provide Placement and provide Protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers. This research method uses a sociological juridical qualitative approach. The type of data used is secondary and primary data. Techniques for collecting study documentation, interviews, and field surveys. The results of the study obtained the following conclusions: (1). Legal protection of the rights of Indonesia workers, who have not worked well in their work, lack of legal direction, and Eliminate the sense of security while abroad. (2). Obstacles in the implementation of legal protection for workers, there are mistakes he did, namely not reporting to the Indonesian government where he worked, and relatively low education. (3). BP3TKI seeks to hold a job fair, which can be expected to be a vehicle for communication between job seekers and companies that supply jobs abroad.

THE IMPLEMENTATION OF INDONESIAN EMPLOYMENT LAW IN PROTECTING THE WELFARE RIGHTS OF INDONESIAN MIGRANT WORKERS ACCORDING TO ISLAMIC LAW

This paper elaborates on implementing Indonesian employment law in protecting the welfare rights of Indonesian Migrant Workers according to Islamic law. This type of research was field research of descriptive qualitative with a case study design. The primary data sources of this study were the Ministry of Employment and The National Agency of Placement and Protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers. The data collection techniques include observation, purposive interview, snowball sampling, documentation, and literature review. The approaches used were juridical, sociological, and normative theological approaches. The data obtained were then analyzed by data reduction techniques, presentation, concluding, and data verification. The study results indicate the implementation of Indonesia’s employment law through the instruments of Constitution Number 13 of 2003 about Employment and Constitution Number 39 of 2004 concerning the Placement and Protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers Abroad (PPIMWA). The revision of Constitution Number 18 of 2017 concerning the Protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers (PIMW) has empowered and employed Indonesian migrant workers optimally and humanely. The theory of Maqasid al-Syar’i‘ah takes the employment into the category of the essential five human elements (al-Daruriyyat al-Khamsu). It refers to religion, soul, lineage, property, and mind at the primary level (al-D{aruriyyat), then the legal protection of Indonesian migrant worker who is komprador in maintaining and preserving human rights must also be embodied.

Analysis of Protection of Women Workers Abroad in the Perspective of Law Number 18 of 2017 Regarding Protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers

Article 27 paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution states that Every citizen has the right to work and a decent living for humanity. However, the reality is that the Government as a protector and responsible for the community has not fulfilled the needs of its citizens, especially for women job seekers abroad, even though it is clearly stated in the 1945 Constitution that the people have the right to get a job and a decent life. The results of the study show that Law Number 18 of 2017 has not fully provided protection, especially for Indonesian women workers abroad.

Training Hero for Hero: Training for Increasing The Psychological Well-Being of Citizens Abroad

This research is an initial study aimed at digging up information on how effective the training called Hero to Hero Training is in improving the psychological well-being of Indonesian citizens abroad. Psychological well-being variable was measured using Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being scale which has been adapted into Indonesian. The research design used was a quasi-experimental pre-post test design. The treatment provided is online training. There are 33 subjects in this study and the status is not only PMI in the domestic sector. The data were analyzed using Wilcoxon and resulted in a p value of 0.002 &lt; 0.05 so that there was a significant difference in the level of psychological well-being of the participants after attending the training.&#x0D; Keywords: Indonesian Workers, Indonesian Migrant Workers Abroad

The Cold War and Return Migration: The West German Response to Yugoslavia's Efforts to Influence its Workers Abroad

Every state that signed a labour-recruitment agreement with West Germany attempted to exert influence over their citizens who lived in West Germany. But because most of the states with which West Germany signed agreements – with the exception of Italy – were ruled, at least for a time, by dictators or military juntas, the efforts by sending states to influence their citizens abroad at times proved problematic for the democratic and liberalizing West German state. This article examines West Germany's response to Yugoslavia's efforts to ‘govern the seventh republic’, that is, to exert a profound influence upon its citizens in West Germany. It focuses on the establishment, operation, and West German response to Yugo Clubs, institutions with which Yugoslav officials sought to bind their citizens more tightly to the Yugoslav state. This history represents, in some ways, a distinctive case, because Yugoslavia was the only communist state with which West Germany signed a labour-recruitment agreement. Shifts in the Cold War context, and especially the rise of détente and Willy Brandt's new Ostpolitik during the late 1960s, are thus critical to understanding West Germany's response to Yugoslavia's efforts to influence its citizens abroad. During the 1960s, West German officials, fearing a communist infiltration, resisted Yugoslavia's efforts to assert influence over Yugoslav labour migrants. But with the emergence of détente in the late 1960s and into the 1970s, West German officials supported Yugoslavia's attempts to influence Yugoslav guest workers, even when some troubling aspects of these efforts came to light. Finally, some German officials supported the clubs because they believed they would keep Yugoslav guest workers closely linked to their homeland, thereby increasing the likelihood that they would eventually return home. This belief, in turn, supported the West German fiction that it was not a land of immigration.

PERLINDUNGAN PEKERJA MIGRAN INDONESIA DITINJAU DARI ASAS KESETARAAN DAN KEADILAN GENDER

Protection stipulated in Law Number 18 of 2017 concerning Protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers is all efforts to protect the interests of prospective Indonesian Migrant Workers and / or Indonesian Migrant Workers in order to ensure the fulfillment of their rights in all activities before work, during and after work. The method used is descriptive qualitative with a normative juridical approach. The results show that the protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers in terms of the principles of gender equality and justice can be seen in indicators of gender equality and justice, namely; 1). access, 2). participation, 3). Control and 4). We can find benefits in Law Number 18 of 2017 concerning the Protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers which are scattered in the provisions of this Law, namely: 1). Protection in Pre-Placement, 2). Protection at the time of placement, and 3). Protection after placement, as well as legal, social and economic protection. So it can be concluded that this law is responsive to gender equality and justice. Efforts to protect Indonesian Migrant Workers are viewed from the principles of gender equality and justice. Namely by way of the Regulatory Structuring Efforts carried out by the government to improve Law No. 39 of 2004 concerning the Placement and Protection of Indonesian Workers Abroad with the new Law No. 18 of 2017 concerning the Protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers based on equality indicators. and gender justice, namely; 1). access, 2). participation, 3). control and 4). benefits, which are oriented towards the protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers without discrimination.&#x0D;

Khary Oronde Polk. Contagions of Empire: Scientific Racism, Sexuality, and Black Military Workers Abroad, 1898-1948

Khary Oronde Polk. <i>Contagions of Empire: Scientific Racism, Sexuality, and Black Military Workers Abroad, 1898-1948</i>