Work-related Stress Research Articles

ICD-11 adjustment disorder: Translation and validation of the Danish international adjustment disorder questionnaire among a working population of social educators

Adjustment disorder is frequently used as a diagnostic category for work-related stress disorders in Denmark. However, the diagnostic category is poorly delineated in ICD-10 which has hampered clinical practice as well as research studying the development of work-related adjustment disorders. In ICD-11, the diagnostic category of adjustment disorder has been refined and a new self-report measure is available to operationalize symptoms. The aim of the current study is to translate the International Adjustment Disorder Questionnaire (IADQ) to Danish and test the psychometric properties of the scale in a sample of social educators. A total of 609 social educators in current employment participated in an online survey including the IADQ and data was analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis. Findings suggested that a two-factor model reflecting the distinction between preoccupation and failure to adapt as part of the diagnostic criterion fitted the data best, although strong factor correlations and one cross-factor loading suggests that differentiating between the dimensions of preoccupation and failure to adapt is difficult. Relationships to burnout, posttraumatic stress and general distress support the validity of the Danish translation of the IADQ. Further research should explore the structure of adjustment disorder among other working populations.

Work-related stress and sleep quality—the mediating role of rumination: a longitudinal analysis

Abstract Objective This study investigates the mediating role of rumination in the relationship between work-related stress and sleep quality. Sleep quality is a critical component of mental health and wellbeing. Work-related stress is a potential risk factor for poor sleep quality, and this research focuses on how the constructs of rumination—affective rumination, detachment, and problem-solving rumination—may mediate this association. Methods Data from the Dresden Burnout Study were analyzed cross-sectionally and longitudinally over three timepoints. The sample included 360 full- and parttime employees. Work-related stress was assessed using the effort–reward Imbalance Questionnaire, sleep quality using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and rumination using the Work-Related Rumination Questionnaire. Results The study found that work-related stress was positively correlated with reduced sleep quality, both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. In addition, work-related stress predicted increased levels of affective rumination and detachment but not of problem-solving rumination. Affective rumination and detachment partially mediated the relationship between work-related stress and sleep quality, suggesting that individuals who experience higher levels of work-related stress are more likely to engage in ruminative thoughts about their work experiences, which, in turn, leads to reduced sleep quality. Conclusion These findings highlight the importance of considering cognitive processes such as rumination when addressing sleep disturbance related to work stress. Future research should include objective measures of sleep quality and consider shorter intervals to capture immediate changes in stress and sleep patterns. By addressing these factors, healthcare professionals can better support those suffering from sleep disturbance due to work-related stress. Ultimately, this may have a positive impact on their overall wellbeing and productivity at work.

The associations between resilience, self-care, and burnout among medical students

Burnout is a work-related stress syndrome with substantial consequences for patients, physicians, and medical students. Personal resilience, i.e., the ability to bounce back and thrive despite challenging circumstances, and certain practices, such as self-care, may protect individuals from burnout. However, limited information exists on the complex relationships between resilience, different self-care practices, and burnout. Understanding these associations is important for designing efficient interventions within medical schools. Therefore, the present study examined the direct and indirect associations through a cross-sectional study among 95 fourth-year medical students. Self-reported questionnaires measured resilience, self-care dimensions (stress management, spiritual growth, interpersonal relations, health responsibility), and burnout dimensions (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, personal accomplishment). Data were analyzed via IBM-SPSS and PROCESS-macro. The main results demonstrated that self-care mediated the associations between resilience and burnout: stress management and interpersonal relations mediated the associations with emotional exhaustion, while spiritual growth mediated the association with personal accomplishment. These results highlight that medical students’ resilience may encourage self-care behaviors, thus decreasing levels of the burnout dimensions of emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment. Developing curricula that enhance students’ resilience through applying self-care techniques in stressful situations may reduce the negative impact of burnout in healthcare.

Moderating role of relationships between workloads, job burnout, turnover intention, and healthcare quality among nurses

BackgroundIn Jordan, nurses consider a primary providers of direct patient care, and play a multifaceted role in ensuring healthcare quality. The study aimed to examines the moderating effect of job satisfaction in the relationship between workload and healthcare quality, job burnout and healthcare quality, and turnover intention and healthcare quality.MethodsA cross-sectional research approach was adopted among 311 from Registered Nurses (RN) across Jordanian hospitals. Job satisfaction, workload scale and job burnout scale were shared between March and April 2023.ResultsThe overall findings indicate that workload, job burnout, and turnover intention are negatively and significantly related to healthcare quality, and that job satisfaction moderates the relationship between workload and healthcare quality, job burnout and healthcare quality, and turnover intention and healthcare quality. These findings have broad implications for healthcare organizations, emphasizing the pivotal role of job satisfaction in mitigating the negative effects of workload, burnout, and turnover intentions among nurses.ConsulsionStrategies to enhance job satisfaction, such as reducing work-related stress and fostering supportive work environments, should be prioritized by healthcare policymakers and institutions to ensure the delivery of high-quality patient care.

Short Rest Between Flights Is Associated With Increased Serum Stress Hormone Levels in Airline Pilots: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Work-related stress is a critical area of research in civil aviation, given the potential for severe consequences when airline pilots (APs) are overwhelmed or unable to perform optimally. While pilots are traditionally considered to be exposed to various stressors, the impact of specific occupational characteristics on stress in the aviation industry remains inadequately understood. Considering that biomarkers are increasingly being utilized as objective measures of stress in human research, this cross-sectional study investigated the association between occupational variables and serum levels of cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) as stress biomarkers in commercial APs. A total of 120 male APs completed a survey assessing the following work-related characteristics: position (captain vs. first officer), years of experience, total flight hours, flight hours in the preceding year, inter-flight rest duration, and flight route length. Serum cortisol and DHEAS concentrations were determined from venous blood samples obtained between 08:00 and 09:00 a.m., following a minimum eight-hour fasting period. The biomarker data were analyzed in relation to the aforementioned occupational characteristics. The mean serum cortisol and DHEAS concentrations in the entire cohort were 8.5±2.1 µg/dL and 214.6±96.4 µg/dL, respectively. There were no significant differences in the levels of the two stress hormones in relation to position, years of experience, total flight hours, flight hours in the preceding year, or flight route length. However, an inter-flight rest period of less than one hour was significantly associated with elevated serum cortisol (P<0.01) and reduced DHEAS levels (P<0.001) compared to longer rest durations. Notably, a stepwise decrease in DHEAS concentrations was observed for rest periods of <1 hour, 1-4 hours, 4-24 hours, and >24 hours. After adjustment for potential confounders in multivariable analyses, a rest period of <1 hour remained independently associated with both serum cortisol (odds ratio [OR]=1.09, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.04-1.13, P<0.01) and DHEAS (OR=0.94, 95% CI=0.92-0.97, P<0.001). Serum stress hormones in APs are associated with short inter-flight rest periods. Optimization of rest durations may contribute to improved pilot well-being and performance. Further research is warranted to determine ideal rest period lengths and develop interventions to mitigate the potential adverse effects of abbreviated rest periods between flights.

Deskercise: the impact of 10 minutes of exercise on mental and physical wellbeing in the construction industry

The benefit of physical exercise on disease prevention and mental health has been well documented, with current evidence indicating that just 10 minutes of exercise completed daily can reduce mortality by 15%. According to the World Health Organisation (WHO) there are few areas in public health - such as physical activity - where evidence on required action is so convincing, cost effective and practical. The concept of a desk-based exercise initiative (Deskercise) may be a solution to address the burden of ill health and create positive and healthy environments in the workplace. This paper examines the impact of the Deskercise initiative on both mental and physical wellbeing within the construction industry, where there is a need for targeted interventions to address specific work-related stressors. The research was a mixed methods approach using interviews and questionnaire data to analyse the benefits of participating in a daily Deskercise intervention. The results suggest that the role of the senior leadership team is critical to the success of this initiative. Consequently, Deskercise is a simple, time efficient, inclusive and effective wellbeing intervention; highlighting that physical health, mental health, alongside social wellbeing can all profit from a desk based initiative within the workplace.

Yoga as Potential Therapy for Burnout: Health Technology Assessment Report on Efficacy, Safety, Economic, Social, Ethical, Legal and Organizational Aspects.

PURPOSEOF REVIEW: This health technology assessment aimed to systematically assess the efficacy and safety of yoga as therapy for burnout. Economic, ethical, legal, social and organizational aspects were considered as well. RECENT FINDINGS: Yoga as a therapy has been shown to have positive effects on a range of symptoms, including stress, anxiety and depression. Regarding work-related stress and burnout, the effects of yoga have mainly been examined in a preventative context. Meta-analyses revealed no effects on burnout severity comparing yoga with passive controls in general. Compared with passive controls, yoga had a positive effect on subjective stress. Compared to active control, yoga had an effect on the burnout subscale depersonalization on individual study level. Yoga may have positive effects on burnout, but the results are mixed. Common definitions and standardized diagnostic tools are necessary to improve research and further assess yoga as therapy for burnout. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The HTA is registered with PROSPERO, CRD42022299405, on 6th February 2022.

The association between leisure-time physical activity and cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness and job strain-Study with a Northern Finland birth cohort of 1966.

Job strain is a major concern in the workplace. Work-related stress is an increasing challenge worldwide as it is the leading cause of long-term sickness absences, disability pensions and lower productivity. Rarely studied simultaneously, both leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and physical fitness (PF), which comprises cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and muscular fitness (MF), may have potential in preventing and managing job strain. The current study aimed to investigate whether LTPA, CRF and MF predict perceived job strain. In addition, the study examines reverse associations, that is, whether job strain predicts LTPA, CRF and MF. We used longitudinal population-based data from a Northern Finland birth cohort of 1966 (n=5363) to analyse LTPA, CRF and MF as well as job strain and its components, job demands and job control, at age 31years (1997) and 46years (2012). Leisure-time physical activity was measured with a self-reported questionnaire whereas CRF and MF were measured as part of clinical examination. Linear regression analyses were used to analyse the data. In both men (n=2548) and women (n=2815), higher baseline MF predicted lower job strain and job demands 15years later. In women, higher baseline total LTPA predicted higher job demands, whereas in men, higher CRF predicted lower job strain and higher job control. These associations remained significant, also when adjusted for education and occupational status. In the analyses on reverse associations, higher job control and higher job demands were linked to higher leisure-time moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and total LTPA 15years later among both men and women, except for the association between job demands and total LTPA among women. These associations remained significant after adjustment for education and occupational status, except for the association of job control with MVPA and total LTPA among men. The association of higher job demands and total LTPA became significant in women. We conclude that LTPA and PF seem beneficial in preventing and managing job strain.

Data on the Sense of Coherence Among Nurses

The purpose of this study is to determine the sense of coherence among nurses and its effect on nurses’ relationship with patients. And how therapeutic relationship affected by the coping mechanism of the nurses. The data were collected by using the questionnaires adapted from the previous studies. The study is cross sectional and quantitative using a deductive approach. Population of the study was the nurses and convenient sampling method used for collecting data. Sample size was 191 nurses. Finally, 119 valid questionnaires were used for data analysis. The result of my study is positive that is nurses with stronger sense of coherence can successfully develop a nurse patient interaction which benefits the both the nurses and the patients. Because stress and anxiety directly affect the nurses performance those who can manage the work related stressors more productively can do better as compare to those who fails to cope with depression. From the results of the study, it is concluded that the stronger sense of coherence resulted in the better coping mechanism in response to any stress or fears related to work and eventually they maintained good nurse patient therapeutic relationship.

Burnout and Quality of Life: A Cross-Sectional Study of Dental Clinic Employees at Dent Smile Jakarta

Quality of life is an individual's assessment of their life, which can be influenced by burnout. Burnout is a work-related stress syndrome characterized by emotional exhaustion, a sense of low achievement, and depersonalization. This condition can negatively impact the quality of service, performance, and overall health of clinic employees. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between burnout and quality of life among employees at the Dent Smile Dental Clinic in Jakarta. The research design employed is a descriptive correlational method with a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique utilized is purposive sampling. The study's findings indicate that among the 60 employees at the Dent Smile Dental Clinic in Jakarta, 19 employees (31.7%) exhibited low levels of burnout, 17 employees (28.3%) displayed moderate burnout, 10 employees (16.7%) experienced relatively high burnout, and 14 employees (23.3%) were categorized as having high burnout. Meanwhile, 38 employees (63.3%) were found to have a moderate quality of life, 10 employees (16.7%) had a high quality of life, and 12 employees (20%) had a very high quality of life. Data analysis using the Chi-square test revealed no significant relationship between burnout and quality of life among employees at the Dent Smile Dental Clinic in Jakarta (p = 0.633). It is recommended that future research explore other factors influencing burnout, such as length of service, age, and gender.

Exploring how starting work during COVID-19 impacted post-foundation career decisions of new doctors: a mixed methods study

ObjectivesThis study addressed two research questions: What factors do doctors in training describe as influencing their choices to apply (or not apply) for specialty training during their Foundation Year 2?...

The Effect of Work-Related Stress on Workers' Performance in Public Service Organizations in Tanzania: A Case Study of the Tanzania Fertilizer Regulatory Authority

The Effect of Work-Related Stress on Workers' Performance in Public Service Organizations in Tanzania: A Case Study of the Tanzania Fertilizer Regulatory Authority

The culture of care to enhance laboratory animal personnel well-being: a scoping review.

There has been intense focus on improving the quality of animal research in recent times. An emerging concept of a 'culture of care' has been proposed as another important pillar to enhance scientific quality, with staff well-being being a critical aspect. Professionals working with research animals can face moral and psychological burdens and are at risk of experiencing work-related stress. However, data on the global prevalence of stress in this population is limited. Equally, it is not clear how these stresses manifest, and what impact they might have on an individual's workplace performance and research quality. The purpose of this review was to identify work-related stress, its prevalence, and map evidence on strategies to mitigate stresses. We also set out to identify studies assessing the association between work-related stress and research quality. A systematic search was conducted across four databases, in addition to hand searching relevant references. We included peer-reviewed publications describing work-related stress, culture of care and laboratory animal professionals. A total of 49 publications were included for data mapping. Compassion fatigue was the most frequently described work-related stress, and its prevalence across Europe and North America is likely to be widespread. Multiple strategies to mitigate compassion fatigue and work-related stress were put forward, however, limited empirical evidence was available to assess success. Moreover, no studies reported empirical data linking work-related stress with research quality, despite several publications stating the case. Further population-specific research and measured assessments are urgently needed to deliver culture of care programmes to improve human well-being, animal welfare and research quality.

Evaluating the Impact of Gender and Race on Otolaryngology Resident Experiences Across the United States.

Otolaryngology residents often encounter work-related stress and challenges during training. Sociodemographic factors influence experiences during residency; however, the impact of race and gender on otolaryngology trainee well-being during residency remains understudied. Online survey. US residency programs. An anonymous online survey consisting of 59 multiple-choice questions was sent to 104 directors of Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education otolaryngology residency programs to distribute to residents. Respondents were queried regarding demographics and experiences with bias. Residents self-identified gender and race. Black, Hispanic/Latinx, Middle Eastern/North African, and multiracial residents were categorized as underrepresented minorities (URM). Sixty-oneUS otolaryngology residents responded to the survey, the majority of whom were women (60.7%) and white (62%). Many residents endorsed a belief that receipt of research and training opportunities was negatively impacted by bias due to race (29.5%) or gender (45.9%). More women (27%) than men (13%) reported maximal burnout, and fewer men (17.4%) than women (40.5%) expressed low confidence in ability to independently care for patients. More male (47.8%) and white (31.6%) residents strongly agreed they were thriving. 94.6% of women and 33.3% of URM residents reported being mistaken for a nonphysician, compared to 0% of white male respondents. Otolaryngology residents perceived differential treatment based on race and gender, with women and URM residents experiencing greater exclusion and bias, as well as increased misidentification and decreased ability to thrive. Future work includes increasing sample size for generalizability and developing interventions that uphold equity in residency training environments.

Factors associated with sleep quality among Afghan healthcare workers.

Sleep is a complex physiological process during which the body and mind enter a period of rest. For a healthy lifestyle, different cohort groups can be affected in different ways. One such cohort is healthcare workers (HCWs)-an unexplored group in Afghanistan. Therefore, the present study examined the association between a range of sociodemographic factors including having night shift work and sleep quality among Afghan HCWs. A cross-sectional survey was administered in January 2023 among HCWs (N = 342) in the Herat province of Afghanistan. The survey examined sleep quality and its association with a range of sociodemographic factors among HCWs. Logistic regression models were used to examine the association of sleep quality with sociodemographic characteristics among HCWs. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess the sleep quality among HCWs. A total of 342 HCWs participated in the present study with an age range of 18 to 60 years. The mean age of the participants was 28.90 years (SD ± 8.10). Just over half of the participants were male (50.3%). Of the 342 participants, 58.5% reported poor sleep quality. Being married status, having higher number of children, not being a doctor, having low economic status, working night shifts, and having a traumatic event occur during past month were among the main variables associated with sleep quality among Afghan HCWs. Multiple regression analysis indicated that having high income [negatively] (AOR = 4.132, p = 0.002), working night shifts [positively] (AOR = 0.288, p < 0.001), and having a traumatic event occur during past month [positively] (AOR = 0.504, p = 0.007) were significantly associated with sleep quality. The study suggests the need for Afghan health employers to create a healthy work environment that prioritizes the well-being of their employees by limiting overtime hours, providing rest breaks during long shifts, and ensuring that HCWs have access to necessary resources for coping with work-related stressors. These policies would promote the overall health and well-being of the workforce and would likely lead to better patient care outcomes.

Recorded Rates of Trauma-Exposure in a Retrospective Epidemiologically Complete First-Episode Psychosis Cohort.

Trauma plays an important role in the development and maintenance of psychosis. However, it is still under-examined in daily clinical practice. The current study investigated the rates of recording of trauma-exposure in the clinical histories of a first-episode psychosis (FEP) cohort attending an early intervention psychosis service. This study used a retrospective chart review methodology in a 6-year epidemiologically complete FEP cohort attending an early intervention psychosis service. The Trauma and Life Events Checklist was used to define the rate and types of trauma-exposure reported in clinical histories. The relationships were examined between recorded trauma-exposure and positive and negative symptoms, depression and duration of untreated psychosis at first assessment. Trauma-exposure was frequently recorded within clinical histories. Childhood trauma-exposure was recorded in 47.4% of the sample, which is lower than may be expected. No significant relationships between the recorded trauma-exposure and symptom measures were found. A significant relationship was found between interpersonal stressors and positive symptoms, and work-related stress and negative symptoms, highlighting the importance of proximal stressful life events. This study found that clinicians were frequently recording trauma-exposure in daily practice. However, it was unclear whether the recording of trauma-exposure highlighted led to systematic diagnosis, assessment or treatment of trauma for people with psychosis. The importance of treatment and service planning to include information about trauma-exposure is discussed.

Occupational stressors experienced by healthcare professionals in the course of the COVID-19 crisis.

The novel coronavirus has significantly impacted healthcare systems worldwide, exposing healthcare professionals (HCPs) to work-related stressors to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2. This study aimed to assess the occupational stress of HCPs in Lagos State, Nigeria, using a qualitative approach. The study involved nine HCPs from various departments, including doctors, nurses, and medical laboratory technicians. The main causes of stress were workload, policy changes, and extended use of personal protective gear. The study found high levels of occupational stress among HCPs, with workload being the main cause. The impact of the disease outbreak crisis on HCPs' lives and work demands was observed, with occupational demands categorized into safety risk at work and public perceptions. Employers and unions must respond to HCPs' needs for workplace protection and appropriate help to address stressors.

Longitudinal association of exposure to work-related stress with major depressive disorder and the role of occupational burnout in this association in the general population.

To prospectively assess (1) the associations of Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI), its individual components, and over-commitment with (a) the onset of a Major Depressive Episode (MDE) during a 3.6-year follow-up in a population-based cohort in participants with no current Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) in the beginning of the follow-up (n = 959), (b) incidence of MDD in the subsample of participants exempt from lifetime MDD (n = 490), and (c) the onset of a new MDE (i.e. recurrence) in the subsample of participants with remitted but no current MDD (n = 485), and (2) potential effect modification of burnout on these associations. DSM-IV Axis-I disorders were elicited using thesemi-structured Diagnostic Instrument for Genetic Studies at each investigation. The ERI Questionnaire was used to measure ERI and overcommitment. Burnout was measured with the Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey. Serially adjusted logistic regression models were used. The effect of burnout dimensions on these associations was assessed by testing interactions between the ERI and burnout dimensions. (1) ERI was prospectively associated with the onset of MDE, even after adjustment for burnout [OR (95CI) = 1.22 (1.003-1.49)]. (2) The association between ERI and MDD incidence became non-significant after adjusting for burnout. (3) ERI was not associated with recurrence of pre-existing MDD. (4) burnout did not interact with ERI. Our results support a longitudinal association between ERI and the risk of onset of MDE in the community. Burnout did not modify this effect, but it may partially account for the association between ERI and MDD incidence.

How can we measure psychological safety in mental healthcare staff? Developing questionnaire items using a nominal groups technique.

There have been growing concerns about the well-being of staff in inpatient mental health settings, with studies suggesting that they have higher burnout and greater work-related stress levels than staff in other healthcare sectors. When addressing staff well-being, psychological safety can be a useful concept. However, there is no measure of psychological safety that is suitable for use in inpatient mental health settings. Edmondson (1999) is the most commonly used measure of psychological safety, but it was designed for use in general physical healthcare settings. As inpatient mental health settings are unique environments, transferability of knowledge from physical to mental healthcare settings cannot be assumed. We sought to develop questionnaire items that capture psychological safety among healthcare staff working in acute inpatient mental healthcare settings. We used the nominal group technique, a consensus method involving rounds of discussion, idea generation, and item rating/ranking to identify priorities. Twenty-eight stakeholders participated, including 4 who had lived experience of mental health problems, 11 academics and 18 healthcare professionals (8 participants identified with more than 1 category). The study involved a workshop with three parts: (i) an overview of current research and limitations of the Edmondson (1999) measure as outlined above, (ii) discussion on what items should be retained from the Edmondson (1999) measure, and (iii) discussion on what items should be added to the Edmondson (1999) measure. Twenty-one items were generated and retained to capture psychological safety in inpatient mental health settings. These measure professionals' sense of being valued by their team and organization, feeling supported at work, feeling physically safe and protected from physical harm, and knowing they can raise concerns about risk and safety. This is the first study to generate questionnaire items suitable for measuring staff psychological safety in mental health settings. These have been generated via a consensus method to ensure stakeholders' views are reflected. Further research is needed to evaluate factor structure, internal reliability, and convergent validity.

Work related Stress of Garment Workers in Bangladesh

The export-oriented Garment sector has made crucial contribution to the transformation of the Bangladesh economy. The number of garment industry is now about 5560 and provides employment to as many as 5.0 million workers. Job stress is one of the common problems that employees confront with increasing frequency. Recently job stress is becoming an epidemic in the work environment. This cross sectional study was carried out on a sample of 418 garment workers selected by non-probability sampling technique from two garment factories. The study was done from 1st July 2021 to 30th June 2022 with an objective to assess the level of job stress and related factors in garment workers. Job stress was estimated by using Occupational stress index (OSI) questionnaire; while socio-demographic, behavioral and work related information were obtained using semi structured questionnaire. Among 418 respondents, 71% were female and 21% were male, their mean age was 29.35±6.185 &amp; they were mostly married (72%). 45.2% had no formal education The mean family income and individual income were Tk.13181.07±4826.598 &amp; Tk.6812.10±1029.504 respectively. Among the respondents, 64.4% belong to cutting/sewing section, 79.2% of them were employed for 1 to 5 years &amp; mean duration of employment was 3.78±3.083 years. Among respondents, 69.9% had moderate stress followed by 17% having low stress and 13.2 % with high stress. Among 12 subscale the mean scores of under participation (mean score = 4.33) and responsibility for person (mean score =4.22) was higher. It was found that monthly income and compulsory work over time produce odds ratio 0.401, 11.963 respectively. This indicates every additional unit of monthly income, respondents were 0.401 times less likely to develop job stress (OR=.401) and every additional unit of compulsory overtime, respondents were 11.963 times more likely to develop job stress (OR=11.963). There was a significant association of job stress and gender, smoking habit, monthly income and work overtime. Measures to be taken to alleviate these stressors which can promote the worker in greater contribution in their profession. J. of Sci. and Tech. Res. 5(1): 163-168, 2023