Risk Of Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders Research Articles

Examining the relationship between human factors related quality risk factors and work related musculoskeletal disorder risk factors in manufacturing

This study addresses the relationship between human factors (HF) related quality deficits in manufacturing and work-related musculoskeletal disorder (WMSD) risk factors in production staff. A recent systematic review identified 60 HF-related quality risk factors (QRFs) in manufacturing related to product, process and workstation design stages. We investigate the extent to which these identified QRFs are also WMSD risk factors. Each QRF was examined for its relationship with WMSD using a 0 (no relationship) to 10 (strong relationship) scale rubric. The authors rated each QRF separately and then discussed and adjusted their ratings in a review session. Results showed that average median ratings were the highest for QRFs related to product design (8/10), intermediate for QRFs related to workstation design (7/10) and the lowest for QRFs related to process design (5/10). This emphasises the significant role of HF in system design in reducing both quality deficits and risk of developing WMSDs for manufacturing personnel. Practitioner summary: This study investigates whether human-related risk factors for product quality are also risk factors for work-related musculoskeletal disorders in manufacturing. Results showed a substantial relationship between quality risk factors and WMSD risk factors. This indicates the significant role of human factors in operations design in improving both system performance and human wellbeing.

Analyzing musculoskeletal risk-severity among small scale casting workers using ergonomic assessment tools: A statistical approach

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are leading cause of injuries among economically backward workers employed under small scale metal casting units especially in developing countries. In India, most casting unit's falls under small and medium enterprises having inadequacy of advanced technological equipment's due to several economic constraints and rely intensively on manual labour. Foundry work is very much prone to WMSDs involving much physical interaction of workers with their jobs which includes several risk factors. The study objectives were to analyse the musculoskeletal risk prevalence among small scale casting workers using ergonomic assessment tools and statistical approach. In present study, WMSDs risk prevalence has been examined using Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) and virtual ergonomics. Further, risk evaluations were analysed using Mann-Whitney U test and Taguchi L25 orthogonal array. Results revealed manual handling task as being most vulnerable followed by the fettling section. Statistically significant differences were observed (p-value < 0.05) among all the work-sections except lift-lower task and molding section (p = 0.361; p > 0.05) for left side region; and lift-lower task and fettling section (p = 0.230; p > 0.05) for the right side region, where differences were not statistically significant. ANOVA results indicated that workstation height followed by population percentile and object weight were dominant factors significantly affecting the response parameter i.e. L4-L5 spine compression (p-value < 0.01); however workstation width (p-value > 0.05) had no significant effect. The present study may guide foundry industrialists in analysing the mismatch between the workers' job profile and redesigning existing workstation layouts in small scale foundries based on minimizing the WMSDs risk severity associated with the work tasks.

Course Design and Learning Outcomes of a Practical Online Ergonomics Course for Surgical Residents

Course content was designed and the learning outcomes assessed for an online ergonomics course for surgical residents. This course could fulfill an optional Surgical Council on Resident Education (SCORE) curriculum on Surgical Ergonomics. The online course included five 5-minute modules within the residents' learning system, each ending with an ungraded knowledge question, and a final 5-question multiple-choice retention quiz that allowed infinite attempts. The course was designed by ergonomists and surgeons at a quaternary academic hospital system. Participants were given two weeks to complete the modules. An electronic survey with questions assessing ergonomics knowledge and understanding on a 5-point Likert scale (strongly disagree - strongly agree) was distributed both before and after the course. The post-course survey included three additional questions to elicit feedback regarding learning experience and course design. Descriptive statistics and nonparametric paired comparisons were used to evaluate learning outcomes. General surgery residency program at an academic medical center in the U.S. Twenty-two general surgery post graduate year 1 residents (PGY1s) were recruited to participate and completed the pre-course survey. Eight out of the 22 participants (36%) completed the online course and quiz; seven (32%) completed the course, quiz, and the post-course survey. Participants had high pre-course awareness of the importance of surgical ergonomics, benefits of work-related musculoskeletal disorder (WMSD) prevention, as well as awkward intraoperative postures being an WMSD risk factor. Participants' confidence increased significantly from pre- to post-course in ability to assess risk (p = 0.021), but not in ability or willingness to mitigate risky surgical postures. Participants who completed the quiz answered a median of 4 (IQR: [4, 5]) questions correctly. All participants indicated that they would recommend this course to other residents. These short practical ergonomics online learning modules increased surgical residents' confidence in assessing surgical WMSD risks.

Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Bus Conductors of Udupi District, Karnataka.

Government bus conductors are at high risk for work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) due to the work environment and work conditions. Thus, the present study was undertaken to assess the prevalence and associated factors of musculoskeletal problems among bus conductors. This cross-sectional study included 237 bus conductors of government bus depots. The data were collected by interview technique on a structured questionnaire. Self-reported musculoskeletal pain over the last 12 months was the case definition. The present study revealed that 62.4% of bus conductors had musculoskeletal pain. The multivariate analysis suggested that tobacco smoking, overweight or obesity, and lack of enough breaks during work were significant risk factors for the occurrence of musculoskeletal pain in study participants. Thus, to conclude, the conductors are at risk of musculoskeletal problems, which can be attributed to occupational as well as non-occupational factors.

Risk Factors for Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders among Physiotherapists

The prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMDs) among physiotherapists (PTs) is as high as 91%. These WRMDs directly impact their health, leading to acute and recurring injuries and chronic disabilities. Although the prevalence is high, the risk factors are not clearly understood. The objective of the review was to understand these risk factors for WRMDs among PTs. A comprehensive literature search was performed on PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane databases. A search strategy was devised and articles were screened based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were then extracted from the eligible studies and summarized. A total number of studies included were ten, of which seven were cross-sectional studies, two were a combination of focus group discussion and interview, and one was a nonexperimental cohort study. The literature review highlights the following risk factors: transferring and lifting patients, performing manual therapy techniques, working in static postures, responding to unanticipated movement by patients, repetitive tasks, bending, twisting, continuing to work even while injured, treating an excessive number of patients in a single day, inappropriate work scheduling, and so on. However, future studies must focus on a comprehensive assessment of WRMD's risk factors and developing reliable and valid PT-specific tools among PTs.

Risk assessment of the work-related musculoskeletal disorders based on individual characteristics using path analysis models

BackgroundThis study aimed to assess the risk of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) using the path analysis models.MethodsThis study was carried out on 350 office employees with good general health. All variables were collected using a questionnaire. Personality traits and mental workload of employees were evaluated using the NEO Personality Inventory and the NASA-task load index software, respectively. The individual and personality traits were used as predictor variables, and mental workload (MWL) and body posture scores as mediating variables of the musculoskeletal discomforts. The role of predictor and mediating variables on discomforts was explained based on the path analysis models.ResultsThe impact coefficient of MWL and posture on WMSDs was significant. The coefficient of the direct effect of body mass index (BMI) and gender on musculoskeletal disorders was significant and positive and the women have reported a higher rate of discomforts. The strongest positive impact of personality traits on MWL and posture was conscientiousness, followed by neuroticism and agreeableness. In return, the strongest negative impact was extroversion, followed by openness. The strongest positive impact of individual factors on MWL and posture was BMI, followed by work experience.ConclusionGender, BMI, neuroticism, extraversion, and conscientiousness can be strong predictors for musculoskeletal discomforts which can mediate the impact of body posture and mental workload (mediating factors) on musculoskeletal discomfort. Therefore, personality and individual traits can be strong alarming and indicators for risk identification and preventing musculoskeletal disorders when choosing people for a job or task.

Prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among general surgeons in Japan.

General surgeons are at high risk for work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs), especially in their neck and back. The prevalence and risk factors for surgeons' WRMSDs in Japan have not been well surveyed. A cross-sectional questionnaire survey on WRMSDs was conducted among general surgeons in Japan. Surgeons were asked about the presence and degree of neck, shoulder, and back disability in relation to open and laparoscopic surgery. The questionnaire was sent to 174 general surgeons in 21 hospitals and 106 (60.9%) responded. The prevalence of WRMSDs in the last month was 65.1%, and the prevalence at least once in a lifetime was 79.2%. The rate of WRMSDs of the neck and back was higher after open surgery (44.3%, 42.5%) than after laparoscopic surgery (28.2%, 31.1%), but there was no marked difference in shoulder pain. Age was the strongest risk factor for WRMSDs, and the pain scores, prevalence of chronic pain, and rate of WRMSD-related absence from work tended to increase with age. A questionnaire survey of surgeons in Japan showed that about 80% of surgeons suffer from WRMSDs. Countermeasures for WRMSDs among surgeons are urgently desired to ensure that limited numbers of surgeons work in the operating theatre throughout their career. Registry name: a survey of surgeons' musculoskeletal pain associated with performing surgery. University of Tsukuba Institutional Review Board registration number: 1519.

Ergonomics evaluation of lawn mower operator's working posture using JACK software and kinect interface.

Nowadays, real-time motion tracking devices are widely used for ergonomic assessment of several manual quotidian activities. The real-time tracking of human activities makes it easier to observe the exposure of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) in the human body. This study aims to determine the suitability of a real-time motion tracking device (Kinect v1 interfaced with a commercial ergonomic assessment software, JACK) for real-time ergonomic evaluation of the strenuous operation of the manual lawn mower. The lawn mower operators perform various strenuous activities while operating the manual lawn mower for long intervals of time, which causes WMSDs in the entire body of the operators. These working operators' activities have been captured using Kinect v1 interfaced with JACK, to address the ergonomic issues responsible for the whole-body WMSDs. The forces acting on the lower back, Rapid Upper Limb Assessment score and static strength have been predicted using JACK. This study proves the exposure of the operators towards the whole-body WMSDs while operating the manual lawn mower. The findings provide a quick and straightforward approach for performing the real-time ergonomic evaluation of any operation, which can help the industrial staff estimate the risk of level WMSDs.

Design of wearable auxiliary device based on upper limb lifting workers and ergonomics simulation analysis

In order to solve the problem of high incidence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) in upper limb lifting workers, a wearable auxiliary device which could be used in upper limb lifting operation was designed. The auxiliary device could be used in upper limb lifting through torsion spring device to reduce the tension of the arm muscles. The back bracket could be adjusted to adapt to the wearers of different height. The 3D model of the auxiliary device was constructed by using SoildWorks software. And the relative position and constraint between the auxiliary device and the digital simulation human were adjusted by using Jack as the main simulation tool. And then the virtual model of upper limb lifting were simulated and analyzed. Through the comparison of Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) scale, Krist comfort score and simulation results of two-handed reachable domain before and after wearing the auxiliary device, which proved that the wearable auxiliary device could reduce the risk of WMSDs in upper limb lifting workers.

REBA assessment of patient transfer work using sliding board and Motorized Patient Transfer Device

Bed to stretcher patient transfer by nurses involves significant manual force at various postures and could lead to work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). Motorized Patient Transfer Device (MPTD) is a newly available patient transfer intervention and its WMSDs risk have not yet been studied. The existing REBA assessment is unable to track the continuous load changes and to represent the actual load applied. The load cell set-ups in previous studies were unable to obtain the hand forces of lateral pushing. This study aimed (1) to identify and compare the hand forces for all the subtasks involved in sliding board and MPTD using the data from force plates and IMUs; (2) to evaluate the REBA score by using both instantaneous measured force and constant estimated force settings within a cycle of patient transfer task; and (3) to evaluate the WMSDs risk of the sliding board and MPTD. Seven nurses carried out all the tasks using the MPTD and the sliding board. Postural angles and external forces from the nurses were measured using Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) and force plates, respectively, as the inputs for the automated REBA system. The hand force was comparatively higher for the subtasks of the lateral pushing (302.64 ± 136.45N) and lateral pulling (359.67 ± 150.14N) compared to the rest of the subtasks. The constant estimated force notably underestimated the REBA score for the lateral pushing by 1.76 points (95% Confidence Interval; CI [1.42, 2.10], p < 0.001). MPTD significantly reduced the mean peak REBA score by 4.21 (95% CI [3.77, 4.65], p < 0.001) and external force acting on the nurses by 180.41N (95% CI [111.68, 249.14], p < 0.001) compared to the sliding board. These findings proved that MPTD can reduce the WMSDs risk, pushing, and pulling force for the patient transfer.Relevance to the industry: MPTD should be implemented in the hospital for the lateral transfer instead of using the sliding board. Its main benefit is eliminating the strenuous subtasks of lateral pushing and pulling. It can handle any type of patient such as bedridden, dependent, big size or overweight patient.

Risk Assessment Methods of Low Back Pain among Masonry Apprentice

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are primary cause of non-fatal injuries in construction. They involve instant or persistent stress on a worker's body (muscles, tendons, ligaments, bones) that may affect a worker's ability to perform his work or even cause chronic disability. This review helps the construction sectors in better understanding the intensity of WMSDs and the risks associated with them. This paper provides a layout for research community with a comprehensive overview of existing technique, their drawbacks, and the need for more study in order to achieve automated evaluations on construction sites. Despite the fact that assessing vulnerability to WMsSD risk factors has proven to be possible in order to reduce the rate of this injury, the area remains undeveloped due to a lack of awareness among professionals about the facilitating techniques, as well as their efficiency and limitations. This paper examines the current WMSD risk evaluation methods and outlines their convenience and disadvantages. This study helps the construction sector in better understanding the extremity of WMSDs and the risks associated with them. This review imparts the researchers with an integrated view of available methods, their drawbacks, and the need for study in order to achieve automated evaluations on construction sites.

Musculoskeletal disorders among sonographers in secondary care hospitals in the city of Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) among sonographers have raised significant concerns in recent years. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of WMSDs and identify risk factors for WMSDs among sonographers. To date, there is little research on WMSDs among sonographers in Saudi Arabia. Therefore, this study aimed to contribute to the Saudi literature by filling this gap. A cross-sectional study was conducted among sonographers (n = 98) working in four major governmental hospitals in the city of Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. The participants completed a validated, self-administered questionnaire that focused on the analysis of musculoskeletal symptoms among sonographers. The mean age of the respondents was 35.5±9 years. The majority of the participants were female (71.4%), non-Saudi (51%), and working as technicians (49%). The prevalence rates of shoulder and neck disorders among the participants were 65.3% and 57.1%, respectively. Gender (female), job title (sonography technicians), and years of experience (seasoned sonographers) were identified as risk factors for WMSDs. Among the studied sonographers, WMSDs were a significant, common problem. Being female, being a sonography technician, and being a seasoned sonographer were identified as risk factors for these disorders. Preventive measures should be implemented to reduce the risk of WMSDs in this occupational setting.

Effects of patient transfer devices on the risk of work-related musculoskeletal disorders: a systematic review

Objectives. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of patient transfer assistive devices in reducing the risk of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) among nurses. Methods. PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched to identify studies with a quantitative assessment of the efficacy of patient transfer assistive devices on the incidence and injury claims of WMSDs as compared to the manual lifting of patients. A health impact analysis of the pre–post intervention of assistive device implementation was performed. The percentage of the reduction of forces, incidence of WMSDs, number of missed workdays and injury compensation claims were calculated, pooled and presented as boxplots. Results. A total of 25 studies met the inclusion criteria. The best post-intervention outcomes of assistive devices deployment in the healthcare setting included a reduction in WMSD incidence by 59.8%, missed workdays by 90.0% and workers’ compensation claims by 95.0%. Additionally, hand force declined by 71% (p < 0.05) and 70% (p < 0.05) with the use of air-assisted devices and ceiling lifts respectively. Conclusions. Overall, the evidence suggests that patient transfer assistive devices, notably ceiling lifts and air-assisted devices, are effective in reducing the risk of WMSDs among nurses.

Workstation Evaluation Regarding Ergonomic Awareness and Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Coal Mine Workers

Mining is often associated with the risk of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WRMSDs). Despite being a coal-rich country, Pakistan’s mining sector stays behind in terms of occupational health and safety. Only a few research studies have been conducted on ergonomics in the mining industry. The current study aimed at evaluating workstations for WRMSDs and ergonomic factors among coal mine workers. Survey data were gathered from a total of 103 workers using a structured questionnaire. Information on the incidence of musculoskeletal disorders was obtained using the Standardized Nordic Questionnaire. The questions about ergonomics awareness, workstation, environment, demands, and risks were based on the available literature studies. The association between the incidence of WRMSDs and age was explored using chi-square analysis. The results showed a high rate of uneducated workers with a lack of ergonomics awareness. Back, shoulders, and legs were the most vulnerable body areas to WRMSDs. A significant association between workers’ age and WRMSDs was found. The workers’ opinion towards workstation was at a very low level. The current work conditions were found to have risks of potential hazards and economic losses. Ergonomic interventions are suggested to be developed and implemented to improve workplace conditions.

Short-term effects of the Auxivo LiftSuit during lifting and static leaning

Back support exosuits can support workers in physically demanding jobs by reducing muscle load, which could reduce risk of work-related musculoskeletal disorders. This paper presents a two-session evaluation of a commercial exosuit, the Auxivo LiftSuit 1.1. In session 1, 17 participants performed single repetitions of lifting and static leaning tasks with and without the LiftSuit. In session 2, 10 participants performed 50 box lifting repetitions with and without the LiftSuit. In session 1, the exosuit was considered mildly to moderately helpful, and reduced erector spinae and middle trapezius electromyograms. In session 2, the exosuit was not considered helpful, but reduced the middle trapezius electromyogram and trunk and thigh ranges of motion. These effects are likely due to placement of elastic elements and excessive stiffness at the hips. Overall, the LiftSuit appears suboptimal for long-term use, though elastic elements on the upper back may reduce muscle activation in future exosuit designs.

Ergonomic assessment of office worker postures using 3D automated joint angle assessment

Sedentary activity and static postures are associated with work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) and worker discomfort. Ergonomic evaluation for office workers is commonly performed by experts using tools such as the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA), but there is limited evidence suggesting sustained compliance with expert’s recommendations. Assessing postural shifts across a day and identifying poor postures would benefit from automation by means of real-time, continuous feedback. Automated postural assessment methods exist; however, they are usually based on ideal conditions that may restrict users’ postures, clothing, and hair styles, or may require unobstructed views of the participants. Using a Microsoft Kinect camera and open-source computer vision algorithms, we propose an automated ergonomic assessment algorithm to monitor office worker postures, the 3D Automated Joint Angle Assessment, 3D-AJA. The validity of the 3D-AJA was tested by comparing algorithm-calculated joint angles to the angles obtained from manual goniometry and the Kinect Software Development Kit (SDK) for 20 participants in an office space. The results of the assessment show that the 3D-AJA has mean absolute errors ranging from 5.6° ± 5.1° to 8.5° ± 8.1° for shoulder flexion, shoulder abduction, and elbow flexion relative to joint angle measurements from goniometry. Additionally, the 3D-AJA showed relatively good performance on the classification of RULA score A using a Random Forest model (micro averages F1-score = 0.759, G-mean = 0.811), even at high levels of occlusion on the subjects’ lower limbs. The results of the study provide a basis for the development of a full-body ergonomic assessment for office workers, which can support personalized behavior change and help office workers to adjust their postures, thus reducing their risks of WMSDs.

Minimally invasive surgery and the risk of work-related musculoskeletal disorders: Results of a survey among Israeli surgeons and review of the literature.

Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has many advantages for patients, however, it places surgeons at risk for Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD). Recently, the importance of prevention of such injuries and improvement of the ergonomics of the operating room is increasing. To assess the prevalence of WMSD among minimally invasive surgeons in Israel, discuss the contributing factors and the overall awareness for ergonomic training. In addition, a review of the literature on the topic was conducted. An online questionnaire was sent to the members of the Israeli Society of Endoscopic Surgery. The results were analyzed and summarized. For literature review, PubMed was used to search for English-language publications related to the issue. Of 83 respondents, the majority (77%) have considerable experience in MIS (more than 10 years). The prevalence of WMSD was 12% before beginning the practice of laparoscopy compared to 78% after 15-20 years of practice. Injury sites included back pain, neck and upper extremity (shoulder pain, tennis elbow and carpal tunnel syndrome) in 41%, 25% and 34% respectively. More than two thirds of responders unaware of possible ergonomic solutions and didn't consider adopting any appropriate preventive measures. The incidence of WMSD among MIS surgeons is high and underestimated. There is a desperate need to prevent such morbidity among surgeons by increasing awareness and providing the means to improve their work environment. Surgeons should adhere to ergonomic recommendations for positioning of monitors, table height, posture, foot pedal placement and laparoscopic devices use.

Application of the rapid upper limb assessment tool to assess the level of ergonomic risk among health care professionals: A systematic review.

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) and ergonomic risk factors are widespread problems in the healthcare sector. The primary objective of this review is to evaluate the application of the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) tool in various healthcare professionals and to assess the level of ergonomic risk among them. The databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, LILACS, SCIELO, DOAJ, PubMed, and PEDro were searched with terms associated with ergonomics, assessment, health care providers, risk factors, workplace, and RULA. We reviewed the literature from 2000 to 2020, including studies assessing RULA's effectiveness for evaluating the WMSD's and ergonomic risk in health care practitioners. We excluded the studies which were not open access and freely available. Overall, 757 records were screened; of these 40 potential studies, 13 different healthcare professionals were identified as eligible for inclusion. In most studies, the RULA tool was established as an effective tool in application and evaluating the level of the ergonomic risk among them. The RULA tool assessed the high ergonomic risk levels in dental professionals and low ergonomic risk levels in professionals working in the pharmacy department, clearly suggesting potential changes in work postures were necessary to prevent or reduce these risk factors.

Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders: Prevalence Among Clinical Radiographers in Teaching Hospitals in North-Western Nigeria

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Background: The components and activities within the scope of radiography practice pose high risks of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) to radiographers in the course of performing diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.&#x0D; Objectives: To determine the prevalence of WMSDs and identify the possible causes among radiographers within the study locality.&#x0D; Methods: A validated self-administered questionnaire was distributed to all registered and licensed radiographers working in teaching hospitals within the region. The questionnaire contained 21 questions, divided into 3 sections; “A” captured demographic data; “B” captured educational qualifications and work experience; and “C” captured the prevalence, possible causes and responses to WRMSDs.&#x0D; Results: The respondents were basically within the age range of 21 – 30 years (66.6%), with most of them being male. Most radiographers had clinical working experience between 1 to 10 years, and worked between 6-8 hours and above daily, with a case load of 30 patients and above. The reported case of WRMSD was 93.3%. The major identified causes of WRMSDs were maintaining of prolonged static position (20%), and frequent bending and twisting (16.7%). This study showed no statistically significant correlation between gender and WRMSDs.&#x0D; Conclusion: There was remarkable evidence of WRMSDs among the practicing clinical radiographers within the North-Western Nigeria.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;

Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders: Prevalence Among Clinical Radiographers in Teaching Hospitals in North-Western Nigeria

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Background: The components and activities within the scope of radiography practice pose high risks of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) to radiographers in the course of performing diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.&#x0D; Objectives: To determine the prevalence of WMSDs and identify the possible causes among radiographers within the study locality.&#x0D; Methods: A validated self-administered questionnaire was distributed to all registered and licensed radiographers working in teaching hospitals within the region. The questionnaire contained 21 questions, divided into 3 sections; “A” captured demographic data; “B” captured educational qualifications and work experience; and “C” captured the prevalence, possible causes and responses to WRMSDs.&#x0D; Results: The respondents were basically within the age range of 21 – 30 years (66.6%), with most of them being male. Most radiographers had clinical working experience between 1 to 10 years, and worked between 6-8 hours and above daily, with a case load of 30 patients and above. The reported case of WRMSD was 93.3%. The major identified causes of WRMSDs were maintaining of prolonged static position (20%), and frequent bending and twisting (16.7%). This study showed no statistically significant correlation between gender and WRMSDs.&#x0D; Conclusion: There was remarkable evidence of WRMSDs among the practicing clinical radiographers within the North-Western Nigeria.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;