Working Conditions Research Articles

Promoting safety of underground machinery operators through participatory ergonomics and fuzzy model analysis to foster sustainable mining practices

One of the most vital parameters to achieve sustainability in any field is encompassing the Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) of the workers. In mining industry where heavy earth moving machineries are largely employed, ergonomic hazards turn out to be significant OHS hazards causing Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) in the operators. Nevertheless, the Indian mining industry lacks a comprehensive technique of OHS risk assessment, especially for ergonomic hazards that cause MSDs. This research appraises ergonomic hazards and develops Fuzzy Musculoskeletal-disorders Index (FMI) model to evaluate ergonomic-related MSDs. Work process and work tool ergonomic risk factors were identified through literature review and directives recommended by experts. Work posture was evaluated using RULA. The data-collecting approach was implemented using participatory ergonomic and design science principles. The FMI results show average MSDs score of 3.69, indicating high to extremely high risk. Surface plots show that combined work tool and work process was the most sensitive factors to MSDs risk compared to other two combinations. A two-sample t-test validated the FMI. The findings should help safety experts and managers develop effective OHS management plans and programmes for the sustainability of Indian mining industry.

Using virtual reality for occupational safety and health in a UK tunnelling megaproject

Recent advancements into key technological developments (KTDs) are leading to a paradigm shift in the way that occupational safety and health (OSH) is managed in the architecture, engineering, construction and operation sector. This paper reports on a pilot case study where building information modelling and virtual reality were used for OSH training purposes related to the operation of a tunnel-boring machine. The aim of the research was to identify the benefits, barriers and challenges associated with the implementation of these KTDs in a joint venture organisation delivering part of a complex megaproject in Central London, UK, the Thames Tideway Tunnel project (thereafter, ‘Tideway’). The reported benefits included better safety in design and improved hazard perception. Tideway estimates that the project could potentially see a 20% reduction in training time and a 10% reduction in accidents. The key lessons learned include the need to keep costs down, the necessity for system portability and ease of access. The results of the study will assist organisations that are interested in the adoption of these KTDs and provide valuable insights to the wider construction industry. This will in turn enable companies to improve how OSH is managed and promote the uptake of KTDs for OSH.

Key factors for sustainable working conditions in emergency departments: an EUSEM-initiated, Europe-wide consensus survey.

Modern emergency medicine (EM) is a complex, demanding, and occasionally stressful field of work. Working conditions, provider well-being, and associated health and performance outcomes are key factors influencing the establishment of a sustainable emergency department (ED) working environment. This multinational European Delphi survey aimed to identify unequivocal major factors for good and poor ED working conditions and their possible effects on health care provider well-being. A total of 18 experts from six European countries (Belgium, Finland, Germany, Italy, Romania, and the UK) covering three different hospital sizes (small, medium, and large) in their respective countries participated in the two-round Delphi survey. All panelists held leadership roles in EM. The first step involved conducting an extensive literature search on ED working conditions. The second step involved the first Delphi round, which consisted of structured interviews with the panelists. The survey was designed to obtain information concerning important working conditions, comments regarding work-life factors identified from the literature, and ratings of their importance. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed following a standardized protocol. In the second Delphi round, experts rated the relevance of items consolidated from the first Delphi round (classified into ED work system factors, provider health outcomes, and ED work-life intervention approaches). A nearly unequivocal consensus was obtained in four ED work condition categories, including positive (e.g. job challenges, personal motivation, and case complexities) and negative (e.g. overcrowding, workflow interruptions/multitasking, medical errors) ED work conditions. The highly relevant adverse personal health events identified included physical fatigue, exhaustion, and burnout. Concerning intervention practices, the panelists offered a wide spectrum of opportunities with less consensus. Work system conditions exert positive and negative effects on the work life of ED providers across Europe. Although most European countries have varying health care systems, the expert-based survey results presented herein strongly suggest that improvement strategies should focus on system-related external stressors common in various countries. Our findings lay the scientific groundwork for future intervention studies at the local and systemic levels to improve ED provider work life.

Towards Health Promoting Schools: Pilot Training and Evaluation of the Updated Urbani School Health Kit (USHK) among School Teachers in Manila

Background and Objective. Committed to enhancing healthy living, learning, and working conditions, a health-promoting school is a potent influencer of behaviors and habits, reaching families and communities effectively. In the Western Pacific region, the Urbani School Health Kit (USHK) is one of the tools developed to integrate health promotion in schools; however, it needs to be updated to adapt to the evolving health challenges of lifestyle-related diseases. Hence, this study aimed to conduct a pilot training and evaluation of the updated USHK among school teachers in Manila. Methods. The USHK was updated with new materials on (1) health-enhancing physical activity; (2) healthynutrition; and (3) family and community engagement. A two-day training-workshop with 30 school teachers wasthen conducted to facilitate the integration of the updated USHK in their class activities. We used a multi method evaluation design to assess the implementation of the USHK. Particularly, quantitative data were obtained from the participants’ feedback on the toolkit and their knowledge of health-related practices. One month later, field visits were conducted to assess the participants’ abilities in utilizing the toolkit into their classes or school activities. Qualitative interviews and classroom observations were also collected post-implementation to determine potential facilitators and barriers to program delivery,and suggestions for improvement. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize participant feedback, whileWilcoxon signed rank test was utilized to determine changes in participant knowledge pre- and post-training.Qualitative data were synthesized through content analysis. Results. Participants provided high satisfaction ratings for the training they received, as well as high scores forthe updated USHK, in terms of its appropriateness and acceptability. Significant improvements in participants’overall health promotion knowledge were also noted (Z = -4.456, p <0.001), particularly involving the domainsof nutrition (Z = -2.972, p = 0.003), physical activity (Z = -3.564, p <0.001), and family/community engagement(Z = -2.531, p = 0.011). Meanwhile, participants also suggested further improvements in the toolkit to enhance its utilization in the local context. Administrative support was a crucial facilitator for implementing the USHK, while resource limitations were identified as significant barriers. Conclusion. The updated USHK, which provides a more comprehensive health promotion approach for schools,is potentially feasible for implementation in educational institutions in Manila. The toolkit can be utilized by teachers and school nurses to integrate health promotion activities into the school environment and classroom activities. To facilitate its wider uptake and implementation in other schools, government support and resource availability are crucial.

The role of Organisational Justice and Mentorship in Turnover Intentions of Non-Teaching Staff in Universities: The case of Kyambogo University, Uganda

Understanding that keeping knowledgeable and dedicated staff members is essential to an organization's success, Kyambogo University enhanced working conditions, added health insurance, and established possibilities for advancement. Regardless of these measures, some non-teaching staff intended to leave the organisation giving inequality in salaries and working conditions as key reasons. Guided by the equity theory, the study examined the influence of Organizational Justice and Employee Mentorship on turnover Intentions among non-teaching staff at KYU. Using a correlational survey design, data was collected from a random sample of 242 respondents with the help of a structured questionnaire. Pearson correlation and regression analyses revealed that Organizational Justice was positively (r =.51, P<0.01) related to turnover intentions due to the distributive and Interactional justice that enabled non-teaching staff to feel belongingness and enthusiasm about their job. Employee mentorship and Turnover intentions had a positive and significant correlation (r =.23, P< 0.01), because of role modelling, career development and social support that enhanced the feelings of commitment among employees to their organisation making them want to stay and work for it. Organizational Justice and Employee Mentorship, together positively predicted (β=.48, P<0.05) turnover intentions. Employee Mentorship increased the contribution of organisational justice to turnover intentions by 1%. This was likely due to mentorship that enables employees to feel that KYU values them and felt grateful to stay and work for it. Therefore, retention strategies that provide relevant mentoring of staff members results into better retention. Programs to empower employees to have effective participation and engagement in sustaining distributive and interactional justice as well as role modelling should freely be available to reduce turnover intentions among non-teaching staff

Importance of food forensics and its mandatory implications in health safety and compliance

Importance of food forensics and its mandatory implications in health safety and compliance

Analysis of Risk Factors and The Impact of Nitric Oxide (NO) and Carbon Monoxide (CO) Levels on Lung Function: A Comparative Study of Palm Oil Factory Workers and the Community in Kuantan Mudik District, Riau, Indonesia

Background: Air pollution, particularly from industrial sources like palm oil factories, poses a significant risk to respiratory health. This study aimed to investigate the impact of nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) exposure on lung function in palm oil factory workers and compare it to the lung function of individuals in the surrounding community. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Kuantan Mudik District, Riau, Indonesia. One hundred palm oil factory workers with a minimum of two years of employment and 100 community members not occupationally exposed to NO and CO were recruited. Lung function was assessed using spirometry, and NO and CO levels were measured using specialized analyzers. Participants completed the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) questionnaire, and demographic and clinical data were collected. Statistical analyses included univariate, bivariate, and multivariate logistic regression. Results: Factory workers exhibited significantly higher levels of NO (p=0.000) and a higher prevalence of restrictive lung function (17%) compared to the community members (3%). Multivariate analysis identified NO exposure as the most significant risk factor for restrictive lung function (p=0.005). Each unit increase in NO was associated with a 1.12-fold increased risk of restrictive lung function. CO exposure, age, gender, smoking history, and the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) were not significantly associated with lung function impairment in this study. Conclusion: Occupational exposure to NO in palm oil factories is a significant risk factor for restrictive lung function impairment. Regular monitoring of NO levels and the implementation of effective control measures are crucial to protect the respiratory health of palm oil factory workers.

Virtual Reality Application for the Safety Improvement of Intralogistics Systems

Immersive technologies from the spectrum of Industry 4.0, such as Virtual Reality (VR), are increasingly used in research and safety analysis in industrial and intralogistics systems, including distribution warehouses and production plants. Safety in intralogistics systems is influenced by design and management processes, human behavior, and device performance. In all these areas, VR can serve as a supportive technology for visualization, testing, and employee training. However, this requires the development of principles for integrating VR into standard procedures for the design, modernization, and analysis of intralogistics and production systems. This article discusses the use of VR to analyze the occupational and functional safety of intralogistics systems. It reviews the literature and VR implementations aimed at examining and improving safety in industrial systems. The article explores the integration of VR into the design and analysis procedures for intralogistics and production systems. The authors present a five-dimensional decision space for assessing the use of VR, including identifying subjects of safety analysis, threats and hazards specific to intralogistics, countermeasures for these threats, factors affecting safety, and mechanisms by which VR can improve safety in intralogistics systems. As a subsequent step, the authors discuss using universal simulation environments that support VR technology to study and enhance safety in intralogistics systems, providing a framework example based on the FlexSim (2023 update 2) environment. Finally, this article addresses the threats and limitations of VR technology, along with the challenges and future prospects of VR in the context of Industry 4.0. The article concludes that VR can be an essential tool for increasing safety in the future, albeit with some reservations about certain features of this technology.

Practical Considerations of Workplace Wellbeing Management under Post-Pandemic Work-from-Home Conditions

As a natural experiment or “stress test” on the rapidly shifting work environment from office to home during and after the COVID-19 pandemic, staff wellbeing has been considered as the most critical issue in organizational change management. Following an overview of the relevant literature and recent official statistics, this essay aims to (i) address the major considerations and challenges in light of the transformation and re-design of the mode of work in the new normal and (ii) inform practical decisions for overall staff wellbeing under post-pandemic work-from-home (WFH) conditions with recommendations. For the sake of both staff healthiness and safety, as well as organizational competitiveness, senior management should take reasonable steps to enhance occupational safety in their WFH policy in line with practical recommendations on five areas, namely, (i) ergonomics, (ii) stress and anxiety management, (iii) workplace boundaries, (iv) work–family conflicts, and (v) other factors regarding a negative work atmosphere (e.g., loneliness attack, burnout, and workplace violence) particularly on virtual platforms. With the suggested evidence-based practices on WFH initiatives, senior management could make a difference in optimizing the overall workplace wellbeing of staff after the pandemic.

Feasibility of respirable crystalline silica exposure reduction in small-scale tanzanite mining in Tanzania.

Respirable crystalline silica (RCS) exposures in tanzanite gem mining have been linked to tuberculosis and silicosis among miners. We conducted a plot study to assess RCS exposures and to introduce safer mining practices in one small-scale underground tanzanite mine. Personal and area air samples for RCS were collected during tanzanite mining operations before and after improved work practices employed to reduce exposures and analyzed using X-ray diffraction. Area samples were collected at the rest area, located approximately 300 m underground and 100 m from other work activities. Improved practices included the use of wet drilling methods and drilling with new bits. A total of 33 personal and 4 area air samples were collected. Pre-intervention, mean exposures for all operations, drilling operations, non-drilling activities, and area samples were 122mg/m3, 247mg/m3, 34.3mg/m3, and 1.95mg/m3, respectively which exceeded the U.S. OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) by 2,440 times for all operations, by 4,946 times for drilling operations, by 686 times for non-drilling activities and 39 times for area samples collected at an underground rest area. The post-intervention results showed a 99% reduction of RCS exposures for wet drilling operations, 98.5% reduction for non-drilling activities, and 36% reduction for area samples. Despite improvements, post-intervention RCS exposures during drilling had a mean of 2.08mg/m3 or more than 41 times the OSHA PEL. We successfully piloted a program to work with small-scale tanzanite miners to reduce RCS exposures and raise awareness about the occupational health risks of RCS, though additional measures are recommended to further reduce RCS exposures. Similar programs should be taken to scale throughout underground mining sites in Tanzania and other countries.

To Study of Construction wastages on Construction Project

The construction industry is an important cog in the wheel of national economies around the globe. Low productivity, unsafe working conditions, inadequate quality, and poor safety are some of the well-known chronic difficulties in the construction industry. In today's world, the construction sector is confronted with a number of critical issues. These include rising competition from outside, a lack of qualified workers, and the imperative to enhance the quality of building. In order to meet these problems, the sector must immediately increase efficiency, improve quality, and adopt new technology. Over the last several decades, a great deal of research and study has focused on the difficulties encountered by the construction industry. This research has sought to determine the root causes of these problems and, in some cases, has even proposed solutions.The study is to confirm and reevaluate the current state of productivity and performance in the local construction industry's activities and processes. The purpose of this is to gain a better understanding of the existing state of "lean" in the local construction sector by establishing new measurement parameters that are specific to waste and cycle time as they relate to the principles and concepts of Lean Construction.

Quantitative indicators for environmental and social sustainability performance assessment of the supply chain

AbstractIn the era of globalization, supply chains are becoming less transparent, facing pressing sustainability challenges such as the inappropriate use of natural resources, poor working conditions, and environmental degradation. This paper addresses these issues by presenting a pioneering sustainability assessment framework aimed at increasing transparency and accountability in global supply chains. Emerging from a systematic literature review and insights from the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI), the framework comprises 91 robust performance indicators: 36 environmental and 55 social. These indicators, a mix of quantitative and semi-quantitative measures, provide a comprehensive tool for assessing the sustainability performance of supply chain actors across a range of sectors. The framework not only facilitates companies in measuring their own and their suppliers’ sustainability performance but also enhances their capacity to effectively communicate their environmental and social progress to stakeholders. Additionally, it is designed to seamlessly integrate with Industry 4.0 technologies, enabling more dynamic assessments.

Інституційний простір сфери оплати праці.

The problem of adequate performance of economic and social functions of labor remuneration and its compliance with the criteria of decent work is extremely relevant for Ukraine. The problem cannot be solved only by adjusting the existing and adopting new normative legal acts of labor law, since the corresponding legislative amendments must be accepted by the key parties to social and labor relations. The purpose of the article is to investigate the institutional environment in the field of labor remuneration in Ukraine in its various manifestations, to identify the most common institutional constructions, structures and practices that need correction and should become a priority object of state policy. The research was conducted using the methods of desk study. In the absence of official statistical data on the labor market and wages, indirect assessment methods were used based on available administrative data, materials of international organizations, results of sociological surveys, etc. The authors abandoned the traditional identification of institutions exclusively with formal organizations, which are mainly created by the government. The novelty is provided by the study of widespread informal institutional structures and practices, their main manifestations and socio-economic consequences. he study revealed that due to the low efficiency of controlling and punitive instruments of state regulation, several informal and implicit institutional structures have taken root in the institutional environment of the sphere of labor remuneration in addition to or instead of formal norms and rules, in particular, the shadowing of labor remuneration, labor remuneration based on individual agreements, unpaid overtime work, fictitious individual entrepreneurs, etc. Manifestations, main causes and consequences of the spread of informal practices are analysed. The impact of the full-scale military aggression against Ukraine on the labor market and labor force patterns in terms of working conditions and wages is assessed, and the risk of deepening shortage of workers for the needs of the post-war reconstruction is emphasized. The role of the government as the largest employer and the main transformations of the wage institution in the public sector are revealed. Conclusions have been made regarding the priority functions of the state in the sphere of wages, based on the need to ensure the resilience of the national economy.

COVID-19 Symptoms and Mental Health Outcomes among Italian Healthcare Workers: A Latent Class Analysis

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to long-lasting consequences for workers leading to what has been termed a “psychological pandemic”. Some categories, such as healthcare workers (HCWs), are considered high risk due to factors such as increased exposure and stressful working conditions. In this study, we investigate whether levels of posttraumatic stress symptoms and COVID-19-related fear (IES-6 and PSI-4) are associated with illness severity in a sample of 318 infected HCWs in Italy. To investigate the presence of different profiles of COVID-19 severity, Latent Class Analysis (LCA) was performed based on 11 symptoms. Differences in the IES-6 and PSI-4 scores across the latent classes were compared using the non-parametric Kruskal–Wallis (KW) test with Dunn’s multiple comparison post hoc testing. Our analyses show that the LCA identified three classes of symptoms, reflecting no/low, mild and severe symptoms. The classes include vomiting, confusion, conjunctivitis, diarrhea, dyspnea, headache, ageusia, fever, anosmia, osteo muscle articular pain and asthenia. We found that HCWs who experienced more intense symptoms reported significantly higher IES-6 and PSI-4 scores. Moreover, we found gender-related differences in IES-6 and PSI-4 scores as females exhibited higher levels than males. Indeed, these findings are useful for developing health prevention and emergency management programs.

A Nonlinear Active Disturbance Rejection Feedback Control Method for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Air Supply Subsystems

The control strategy of the gas supply subsystem is very important to ensure the performance and stability of the fuel cell system. However, due to the inherent nonlinear characteristics of the fuel cell gas supply subsystem, the traditional control strategy is mainly based on proportional integral (PI) control, which has the disadvantages of large limitation, large error, limited immunity, and inconsistent control performance, which seriously affects its effectiveness. In order to overcome these challenges, this paper proposes an optimal control method for air supply subsystems based on nonlinear active disturbance rejection control (ADRC). Firstly, a seven-order fuel cell system model is established, and then, the nonlinear ADRC and traditional PI control strategies are compared and analyzed. Finally, the two strategies are simulated and compared. The validation results indicate that the integral absolute error (IAE) measure of PI control is 0.502, the integral square error (ISE) measure is 0.1382, and the total variation (TV) measure is 399.1248. Compared with the PI control, the IAE and ISE indexes of ADRC were reduced by 61.31% and 58.03%, respectively. ADRC is superior to PI control strategy in all aspects and realizes the efficient adjustment of the system under different working conditions. ADRC is more suitable for the nonlinear characteristics of the gas supply system and is more suitable for the oxygen excess ratio (OER).

Vortex rope identification in Francis turbine based on cyclostationary extended dictionary learning

Francis turbine is one of the most commonly used hydraulic machinery for hydroelectric power generation, but its stability is frequently jeopardized by vortex rope. It is crucial to promptly and accurately detect vortex rope for the reliable operation of turbine unit. To address this challenge, the Cyclostationary Extended Dictionary Learning (CEDL) approach is proposed to identify vortex rope in Francis turbine. CEDL utilizes the Fisher discrimination criterion and low-rank constraints through the preprocessing and extending strategies to achieve accurate identification. Preprocessing specifically refers to the construction of filter for raw data based on cyclostationarity Then, the trained dictionary is used to extract features, and a linear classifier is developed based on these features. To evaluate the proposed method, vortex rope experiments are conducted in a Francis turbine under five conditions, and every condition includes four states: normal state, initial vortex rope, stable vortex rope and severe vortex rope. The results reveal three main findings. Firstly, the trained atoms in each sub-dictionary exhibit unique characteristics such as tonal frequency at 7 kHz and broadband frequency during 12–20 kHz, which are linked to the evolution stages of vortex rope. Secondly, the dictionary trained for a specific condition can achieve a classification accuracy of up to 90%, and even exceed 97% in some cases. Finally, the dictionary trained in a specific working condition can achieve relatively high classification accuracy in the scenarios of other working conditions.

The plasma reforming of methane in rocket engines under multiple working conditions and its effect on ignition delay

The dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma reforming of methane is ideal for fuel upgrading in rocket engine. However, the working conditions such as high flow rate, high pressure, and low temperature in the propellant supply system significantly affect the reforming performance. This research explores the performance of plasma methane reforming under extreme conditions, examining the characteristics of four kinds of structures, with aims to make reasonable engine design and settings based on actual needs. Simulation is conducted to investigate the effect of plasma reforming on methane ignition delay. The results indicate that prolonging the gas residence could promote methane decomposition. The methane conversion rate under Nanosecond pulsed (NP) excitation is 9.6% higher than that under AC excitation, and the energy utilization efficiency is 1.8% higher. However, the carbon deposition of NP excitation is more severe. As the pressure increases, the cracking reaction intensity decreases by 5%. NP excitation has ideal adaptability to high work pressure. Low temperature has little effect on methane plasma conversion but could affect product distribution, promoting the transformation towards H2 and C2H6. The ignition delay could be shortened by 71 ms with C3H8 adding. The results of this study provide theoretical guidance for the ignition improving of the rocket engine.

Ion coordination and chelation in Eu-MOFs matrices: Ultrafast fluorescence visual quantification monitoring of antibiotic residues

Rapid monitoring of trace antibiotics in the field in real time is essential for environment forewarning and human health. High sensitivity and real-time on-site quantitative monitoring of antibiotic residues can be accomplished by integrating portable sensors alongside fluorescent optics to construct an intelligent sensing platform that smoothly eliminates the instability of conventional detection methods. In this study, a ratiometric fluorescence sensor for the ultrasensitive detection of pefloxacin was built employing the photoinduced electron transfer (PET) mechanism from red Eu-MOFs to Mn2+-PEF complex. A visual color change results from the photoinduced electron transfer process from manganese ions to pefloxacin weakening the ligand metal charge transfer (LMCT) process in Eu-MOFs. This enables the ultrafast visible detection of pefloxacin and produces a transient shift in visual color with a detection limit as low as 15.4 nM. For the detection of pefloxacin in water, tomato, and raw pork samples, various sensing devices based on the developed fluorescent probes exhibit good practicability and accuracy. With the development of the ratiometric fluorescence sensing probe, it is now possible to quickly and quantitatively identify pefloxacin residues in the environment, offering a new method for ensuring the safety of food and people's health.

Comparison of DNA damage in fresh and frozen blood samples: implications for the comet assay in human biomonitoring studies.

The use of the comet assay in large biomonitoring studies may present logistical and technical challenges because of the processing of numerous samples. Proper sample preservation becomes imperative to prevent spurious DNA breakage. Previous research has shown the feasibility of conducting the comet assay on frozen blood samples, highlighting the potential of freezing at - 80°C in preserving DNA integrity. Nonetheless, this approach presents challenges, including potential DNA damage during freezing and thawing, variability in processing, and the need for standardized protocols. Our objective was to evaluate whether there are comparable results in DNA migration assessed by the comet assay between fresh and frozen blood samples on a larger scale (N = 373). In our findings, elevated DNA migration was evident in frozen samples relative to fresh ones. Additionally, smoking, alcohol consumption, and season were linked to increased DNA damage levels in whole blood cells. Based on our results and available literature, conducting the comet assay on frozen blood samples emerges as a practical and efficient approach for biomonitoring and epidemiological research. This method enables the assessment of DNA damage in large populations over time, with samples, if properly cryopreserved, that may be used for years, possibly even decades. These observations hold significant implications for large-scale human biomonitoring and long-term epidemiological studies, particularly when samples are collected during fieldwork or obtained from biobanks. Continued method optimization and validation efforts are essential to enhance the utility of this approach in environmental and occupational health studies, emphasizing caution when comparing data obtained between fresh and frozen blood samples.

Design and Implementation of a Land-Air Omnidirectional Mobile Robot

This paper proposes a new type of omnidirectional mobile robot for land and air, which has three motion modes, combines the motion characteristics of land motion and air flight, has the ability to climb walls, and can be actively deformed to adapt to the working conditions according to the current working environment. The robot incorporates an innovative “rotor blade–single row omnidirectional wheel” composite structure, which is mainly characterized by a single row of continuous switching wheels covering the outside of each rotor blade, and does not need to provide additional power when moving on the ground and walls, relying on the driving force generated by the rotor blades to drive the continuous switching wheels driven by the rotor blades. This structure can effectively combine the land movement mode, wall crawling mode, and air flight mode, which reduces the energy consumption of the robot without increasing the weight, and we design a deformation device that can realize the transformation of the three modes into each other. This paper mainly focuses on the design of the robot structure and the analysis of the movement method, and the land omnidirectional movement experiments, wall crawling experiments, and air flight experiments were, respectively, carried out, and the results show that the proposed land and air omnidirectional mobile robot has the ability to adapt to the movement of each scene, and improves the upper limit of the robot’s operation.