Work-related Burnout Research Articles

The Relationship between Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders and Job Burnout among University Librarians

Background. One of the important factors affecting human health that may reduce their efficiency and effectiveness in various organizations, including academic libraries, is job burnout. This negative phenomenon may deprive libraries of experienced manpower, disrupting the educational and information needs of library users, ultimately leading to the failure of the library and its organization in achieving the intended goals and missions. This study, with the aim of optimizing the performance of human resources, set out to identify the relationship between work-related musculoskeletal disorders and burnout in an effort to help in planning to reduce the rate of burnout. Methods. The study is descriptive in nature and correlational and applied in terms of purpose. It was done by census method on 126 librarians of Ahvaz public universities (Jundishapur and Chamran universities). The Cornel questionnaire was used to measure the amount of physical injury caused by work and the Maslach questionnaire was used to measure the degree of burnout. Data analysis was performed in two parts: descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The significance level is considered to be equal to 5 percent. Results. The findings indicated that the total rate of musculoskeletal disorders (32.96) and total job burnout (1.72) were lower than the population average. The highest rate of musculoskeletal disorders was in the neck area (78.9%) and the lowest rate was in the lower leg (37.8%). No significant difference was observed between male and female librarians of Ahvaz public universities in the variables of musculoskeletal disorders caused by work and job burnout. Conclusion. In general, musculoskeletal disorders have a positive relationship with all dimensions of job burnout except for individual performance, and there is an increase in musculoskeletal disorders, there is also a corresponding rise in the rate of job burnout.

Exploring Work Motivation and Work Burnout

When working from home started, many were happy to work remotely. Slowly many began to accept this blessing of working online as stressful. Working online has made work burnout a new issue in managing employee’s emotional illness. It became a common issue to be discussed, and it can create a situation where the performance of employees might be affected and increase the level of depression among workers in the organisation. However, this phenomenon arose when the current situation required employees to work from home since the pandemic was hit the world. Similarly, academicians are getting overwhelmed with making work from home a success and online teaching and learning. This also affects the university employees as they need to work from home, and the teaching and learning are conducted through online learning. This study aims to explore work burnout among employees by using Herzberg's theory. 82 university staff responded to the instrument. The instrument is a survey with a 5 Likert scale. It has 4 sections; section A is the demographic profile, section B looks at items for personal related burnout, section B has items for work-related burnout, and section D has items for colleague related burnout. Generally, this study found that work demotivation can be caused by personal related burnout, work burnout and also colleague related burnout. Findings bear interesting implications for work-related burnout during the times of online learning and work from home.

O63 - Workforce challenges experienced by midwives in Victoria: a population-based cross-sectional study

A well-supported, skilled midwifery workforce is critical to the provision of safe maternity care that optimises outcomes for women and babies. Issues such as burnout, workplace culture and workplace safety can affect how midwives’ function, and the quality of care they provide, but there is limited evidence regarding these factors in the midwifery context. We aimed to measure burnout, workplace culture and workplace safety among Victorian midwives. An online population-based cross-sectional survey of midwives in all private and public maternity services in Victoria, Australia was conducted between March and October 2021. Measures included the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory; the Australian Midwifery Workplace Culture survey; specifically designed questions to assess skill mix safety, level of occupational violence and bullying; and an open-ended question about key messages on the midwifery workforce. In total, 1016/5134 midwives responded (20% of midwives in Victorian maternity services). A large proportion of the respondents were experiencing personal burnout (72%) and work-related burnout (67%). Three-quarters felt midwifery skill mix was unsafe at some point in an average week. Half had experienced occupational violence and a quarter had experienced bullying in the 12 months prior to the survey. The majority of midwives (72%) felt their concerns were not taken seriously by their managers or midwifery units and that they had inadequate support when short-staffed. Only one in five felt their workplace had a positive culture. Midwives reported that they felt they were providing unsafe and inadequate care due to staffing issues and unsustainable workloads. Victorian midwives are experiencing very high levels of burnout and poor workplace culture and safety. Strategies are urgently needed to address these issues for Victorian midwives. It would be of value to repeat this work in other jurisdictions to understand these challenges at a national level.

An acceptance and commitment training program reduces burden transfer, stress, and burnout among veterinary healthcare teams

To determine whether an acceptance and commitment training (ACT) program targeting reactions to difficult client interactions would reduce burden transfer, stress, and burnout among veterinary healthcare teams. Small animal veterinary hospital employees randomly assigned to participate in an ACT program (intervention group; n = 72) or to not undergo the training program (control group; 71). The study was designed as a randomized, controlled, parallel-arms trial. All participants completed prestudy assessments of burden transfer, stress, and burnout. The ACT program consisted of 3 small-group-format educational sessions tailored to reducing reactivity to difficult veterinary client interactions; sessions were delivered via video teleconference. At the end of the educational sessions (posttest) and 1 month later (1-month follow-up), assessments of burden transfer, stress, and burnout were repeated, and participants in the intervention group provided ratings of program helpfulness and frequency of use for techniques taught in the program. Participants receiving the program rated it as helpful and reported frequent use of program techniques. Relative to the control group, the intervention group showed significantly reduced burden transfer, stress, work-related burnout, and client-related burnout after completing the educational sessions. These improvements were maintained at the 1-month follow-up. Findings support the usefulness of this program in reducing occupational distress in veterinary medicine. Future work is needed to examine whether it is similarly effective in formats that could be more broadly disseminated (eg, asynchronous, self-paced, independent learning).

The Relationship Between Workplace Burnout and Male Depression Symptom Assessed by the Korean Version of the Gotland Male Depression Scale.

Screening for depression in males is important because their symptoms differ from those of females, ranging from indications of aggression to attempts at suicide. Men and women differ in their responses to job stress. There are no tools that have been verified, developed, or translated for screening male depression in Korea. Our team translated the Gotland Male Depression Scale (GMDS) into Korean. The Korean version of GMDS (K-GMDS) and Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS) were administered to 277 office workers in one public institution. Gender differences in each scale score were measured along with the correlation between the K-GMDS and the MBI-GS. There was no significant difference in the K-GMDS score between males and females, whereas females scored significantly higher on the MBI-GS (p < .001). The correlation between the K-GMDS total score and the MBI total score (male: r = .702, p < .001, female: r = .375, p < .001) and MBI subscale scores were higher in males than females. Gender moderated the relationship between total K-GMDS and total MBI scores (p < .001). The Korean version of the GMDS is suitable for screening male depression symptoms in the workplace. The results of the K-GMDS demonstrated a strong correlation between depressive symptoms and work-related burnout among men. This study can be used as a basis for studying male depression symptoms in Korea, which has not been studied extensively. This will prove beneficial for work environments.

Work related burnout syndrome, information satisfaction, and concern of safety among Greek nurses during the first wave of COVID-19 outbreak

Abstract Objective To determine the levels of burnout among Greek nurses during the first wave of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and to investigate the relationship among levels of burnout, satisfaction and concern about information, personal protection equipment (PPE), and safety for COVID-19. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted. Data were collected by using the Burnout subscale of the Greek version of the Professional Quality of Life Scale. Questions concerning satisfaction and concern about information, PPE, and safety for COVID-19 were added. Convenience sampling method was employed. Descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analysis were applied, and distributions were tested for their symmetry using Bloom's method. Results The sample comprised of 301 nurses working in public and private hospitals in Greece. A moderate level of burnout was found among the Greek nurses (mean = 29.95, ±4.75). Regarding satisfaction and concern about information, PPE, and safety for COVID-19, nurses expressed overall low satisfaction with a mean score of 1.96 (±0.77), and high levels of concern with a mean score of 3.19 (±0.85). Increased satisfaction regarding the information provided was significantly associated with decreased levels of burnout (β = −1.32, P &lt; 0.001), and increased concern for COVID-19 was significantly associated with increased levels of burnout (β= 0.83, P = 0.010). Conclusions Greek nurses expressed low satisfaction concerning information, PPE, and safety for COVID-19 and high levels of concern of possible COVID-19 transmission. Nevertheless, a moderate level of burnout was found.

Burn out among health care workers during COVID-19 pandemic in a tertiary care centre Kerala: a cross sectional study

Background: Burnout as an occupational disease is of global concern. From the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare workers (HCWs) were under heavy workload conditions. The study was done to assess prevalence of burnout among HCWs of a tertiary care hospital in Central Kerala.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among HCWs of a tertiary hospital using a simple random sampling method. Data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire through Google forms. Burnout was assessed using Copenhagen burnout inventory (CBI). Bivariate analysis was done to find the factors affecting burnout among the study participants using SPPS software. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 31.26±6.11 years and the majority were females 79 (70.5%). The prevalence of personal burnout, work related burnout and patient related burnout were 55.4%, 44.6% and 32.1% respectively. Those who were staying with family had higher chance of personal (p=0.004), work related (p=0.032) and patient related (p=0.023) burnout. HCWs who wear working in full personal protective equipment (PPE) kit had significantly higher personal (p=0.003, OR=3.4), work related (p&lt;0.001, OR=5.2) and patient related (p=0.022, OR=3.01) burnout. HCWs who had done high proportion of COVID-19 related duty had significantly higher personal (p=0.018) and patient related (p=0.022) burnout. Conclusions: Almost half of the HCWs are physically and emotionally exhausted with their work, which needs to be addressed. Psychological interventions should be enhanced to reduce burnout among HCWs and to improve the quality of health care delivered by them during the pandemic.

Psychometric properties of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) in Italian Physicians.

Nine hundred and fifteen Italian physicians were web-administered the CBI, Patient Health Questionnaire-8 (PHQ-8), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE). The present CBI included 18 items (range=19-90) assessing Personal, Work-related and Client-related Burnout. Client-related adaptation was performed. Construct validity, factorial structure (Confirmatory Factor Analysis) and internal consistency were tested. Diagnostic accuracy was assessed simultaneously against the PHQ-8, GAD-7 and GSE. All CBI measures yielded optimal internal consistency (Cronbach's α=0.90-0.96). The CBI met its original three-factor model (CFI=0.94; TLI=0.93; RMSEA=0.09; SRMR=0.04), was positively related to the PHQ-8 (r=0.76) and GAD-7 (r=0.73), whereas negatively with the GSE (r=0.39) and yielded optimal diagnostics (AUC=0.93; sensitivity=0.91 and specificity=0.85 at the optimal cutoff of 69/90). The CBI is thus a valid, reliable, and normed tool to assess burnout levels in physicians.

Validation of the Spanish Version of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory in Mexican Medical Residents

Studies on the psychometric properties of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) in medical residents are scarce despite their susceptibility to burnout. Moreover, none of these studies were conducted in Spanish. To analyze the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the CBI among Mexican medical residents. This cross-sectional study was conducted online on medical residents from a public medical institution (n=525). The English version of the CBI (19 items organized into three domains: personal-related burnout, work-related burnout, and patient-related burnout) was translated into Spanish and again into English. Content, convergent, discriminant, and concurrent validity were assessed, along with reliability. The CBI Spanish version showed acceptable content, convergent and concurrent validity. Exploratory factor analysis showed two factors, but confirmatory factor analysis showed three factors with adequate fit (Root Mean Square Error of Approximation=0.08, Comparative Fit Index=0.95, Tucker-Lewis Index=0.94, and Standardized Root Mean Square Residual=0.04). There was no good discrimination between personal-related and work-related burnout. Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the personal-related, work-related, and patient-related burnout domains were 0.94, 0.95, and 0.93, respectively. The Spanish version of the CBI in Mexican medical residents is reliable, and it meets adequate content, convergent and concurrent validity. The construct validity was not consistent. This should not diminish the importance of the CBI.

Burnout among Physicians Working in Palliative Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Portugal: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Physicians working in palliative care have a greater risk of burnout. Burnout has three dimensions: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and reduction of personal accomplishments. Burnout is associated with different consequences for the professionals like less professional satisfaction and increase of overall levels of exhaustion. Burnout in healthcare professionals has an impact in the patients with increased probability of clinical erros. In order to monitor the quality of the care it is mandatory to assess overall levels of burnout. This study aimed to determine burnout levels and associated variables of physicians working in the Portuguese national network of palliative care. A cross-sectional, exploratory and quantitative design was employed and participants were sampled using convenience and snowball technique. The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory was used to determine burnout levels of physicians working in the Portuguese National Network of Palliative Care. The contributions of personal, work and COVID-19 variables were evaluated in three subclasses: work, personal and patient-related burnout. The results obtained enabled the identification of healthcare professionals at risk, comparison with previous results published and to assess the impact of COVID-19 in their non COVID-19 activity. Seventy-five physicians participated. Socio-demographic characterization was conducted and the levels of burnout and determinants were explored. High levels of personal, work and patient-related burnout were present in 32 (43%), 39 (52%) and 16 (21%) physicians, respectively. The majority agreed that COVID-19 had an impact on their activities. Exclusive dedication to palliative care and type of palliative care unit were associated with lower levels of patient and work-related burnout. Weekly physical activity was associated with lower levels of work and personal burnout. Self-perceived health status was associated with lower levels of burnout for all subclasses. There was a high level of burnout among physicians working in the Portuguese National Network of Palliative Care. Measures to identify and prevent burnout are necessary in order to protect these professionals.

Mediating effect of sleep disturbance and rumination on work-related burnout of nurses treating patients with coronavirus disease

BackgroundCOVID-19 has created significant and unprecedented psychological distress on nurses working with COVID-19 patients. Nurses dealing with such psychological distress are prone to burnout. This study examined the mediating role of sleep disturbance and rumination in the association between psychological distress and work-related burnout of nurses treating COVID-19 patients.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted from 26th February to 16th March 2021, on a sample of 250 nurses who were actively working during the COVID-19 pandemic in five referral hospitals in Tehran, Iran. The Oldenburg Burnout Inventory, Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Ruminative Responses Scale were used to collect data. Data analysis was based on pearson’ correlation analysis and path analysis.ResultsPsychological distress has a significant effect on job burnout. When sleep disturbances were modeled as a mediator, path coefficients of psychological distress showed a significant effect on job burnout. Also, according to the findings, rumination poses a significant mediating effect on the association between psychological distress and job burnout.ConclusionThis study demonstrated the importance of designing psychological interventions intended to reduce sleep disturbances and rumination when experiencing stressful events to avoid job burnout among nurses.

The perceptions of health care workers on the provision of services amidst COVID-19 pandemic in a maternity care hospital: Qualitative study

Introduction: COVID-19 infection is still spreading throughout the world despite vaccination and control measures. The health care worker is overburdened with the increased workload. It is a challenge to work with the emerging disease with ever-changing protocols. Therefore, this study aims to explore the perceptions of healthcare workers in a maternity unit of a Sri Lankan Hospital on the provision of services during the pandemic. Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with 27 participants representing different health care worker categories during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Sri Lanka. The sample size was determined by the achievement of the saturation point. The interview guide allowed exploration of work-related issues, health system-related issues, logistical issues, and psychological concerns. The manual inductive content analysis method was used to analyze the data. Results: Analyzed data revealed 15 themes which include a sense of duty/ self-satisfaction, concerns toward the loved ones, concern towards themselves, doubts about the disease, care for the patient during the pandemic, changes in managing emergencies during the pandemic, support from other HCWs, work-related burn-out, pandemic related barriers to serving patients, support from the administration, discrimination by the others, awareness programmes for COVID 19, PPE related issues, the ambiguity of national guidelines and equality for all. Conclusions: COVID-19 has affected the lives of all personnel, including the HCWs. They are requested to continue providing services amidst multiple concerns, including the scarcity of medical equipment and cadre. Policymakers and government should investigate the possibility of financial assistance and psychological support programmes to boost the spirit of the health care workers.

The effects of burnout on the professional activity of teachers

In recent years, burnout has been one of the most discussed mental health issues in modern societies. In a world facing major socioeconomic challenges, people face increasing pressure in their daily lives, especially at work. As a result, managers, employees and workers in a variety of industries and sectors around the world suffer from work-related stress, fatigue and burnout, the most prominent signs of which are often referred to as burnout syndrome. However, burnout is not exclusively work-related, as findings have shown that private life and social support also play a key role (Maslach &amp; Jackson, 1984; Sprang, Clark, Whitt-Woosley, 2007). Professionals working in the public sector have also been found to be at greater risk of burnout than those in the private sector (Sprang, et al., 2007). Exposure factors such as long hours, assignment duration, caseloads, coupled with organizational factors such as lack of autonomy, low peer support, lack of training provide conditions where burnout will permeate inevitably at work in some capacity. The results will affect not only the professional but also the effectiveness of the job and the levels of care and support for the client (Boscarino, Figley, &amp; Adams, 2004; Sprang, et al., 2007).

Reliability and validity support for an abbreviated Copenhagen burnout inventory using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis.

ObjectiveThe Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) is an open‐access, valid, and reliable instrument measuring burnout that includes 19 items distributed across the following 3 domains (factors): personal burnout, work burnout, and patient burnout. The primary objective of this study was to determine the validity and reliability of an abbreviated CBI to assess burnout in emergency medicine residents.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study used data from the CBI that followed the 2021 American Board of Emergency Medicine In‐training Examination. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was followed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).ResultsOf the 8491 eligible residents, 7225 (85.1%) completed the survey; the EFA cohort included 3613 residents and the CFA cohort included 3612 residents. EFA showed 2 eigenvalues ≥1, an internal factor and an external factor. There were 6 CBI items that contributed to the 2 factors. The first factor was related to personal burnout and work‐related burnout and the second factor was related to working with patients. There were 4 CBI items that contributed to the internal factor and 2 CBI items that contributed to the external factor. Using the abbreviated CBI, the incidence of a resident having 1 or both types of burnout was 34.1%.ConclusionsThis study provides validity evidence and reliability support for the use of a 6‐item, 2‐factor abbreviated CBI. A shorter, reliable, valid, and publicly accessible burnout inventory provides numerous advantages for burnout research in emergency medicine.

Relationship between somatic symptoms with menstruation and intention to leave work among university hospital nurses in Japan: a cross-sectional study.

This study investigated the association between menstrual symptoms and the intention to leave work among female nurses in Japan. This cross-sectional study investigated female nurses (n = 317) at two university hospitals. The items measured were their characteristics (e.g., age, body mass index), "intention to leave" work, somatic symptoms related with menstruation, self-reported menstrual characteristics (e.g., pain), physical workloads (e.g., working hours and night shifts) and psychological workloads, measured with the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI), and the Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ). Participants with at least four somatic symptoms (e.g., cold, fatigue) which are present during their menstrual cycles were considered to have "somatic symptoms associated with menstruation." We also measured serum ovarian and gonadotropin-releasing hormones. Approximately 40% of women answered "intention to leave" work, and 17% had "somatic symptoms associated with menstruation." Multiple logistic regression analysis suggested that nurses reporting "somatic symptoms associated with menstruation" were more likely to have "intention to leave" work: the adjusted odds ratios (AOR, 95% confidence interval [CI]) were 2.15 (1.12-4.11) in the personal-burnout model, 2.23 (1.16-4.31) in the work-related burnout model, 2.91 (1.52-5.56) in the client-related burnout model; 2.96 (1.50-5.82) in the JCQ model. There was no association between serum and gonadotropin hormones and the intention to leave. Somatic symptoms with menstruation were associated with intention to leave work among female Japanese nurses. Intervention for somatic symptoms with menstruation might support nurses to continue work.

Relationships between Alcohol Use, Musculoskeletal Pain, and Work-Related Burnout.

Background and Objectives: Burnout affects approximately half of all nurses, physicians, and other clinicians. Alcohol use may impair performance in work-related tasks, leading to decreased productivity and morale. The present study’s aim was to determine whether a causal relationship existed between alcohol use, work-related burnout (WB), and musculoskeletal pain. Materials and Methods: A total of 1633 members from a hospital affiliated with a medical university in Taichung, Taiwan, completed questionnaires in 2021, where 1615 questionnaires were declared valid. Questionnaires were used to obtain information on basic demographic variables, and the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and Copenhagen Burnout Inventory were used. Statistical analyses were performed using SAS Enterprise Guide 6.1 software, and significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Work experience, being married, parenthood, leisure activities with family and friends, and regular weekly exercise were negatively associated with WB. In addition, overtime work, irregular and regular shift work, the physician and nurse medical profession, chronic disease (heart disease, diabetes, etc.), neck and both shoulders pain (NBSP), both ankles pain (BAP), and alcohol use frequency (AUF) were positively associated with WB. NBSP could explain the residual effect of AUF on WB. AUF was determined to mediate the relationship between NBSP and WB. In addition, NBSP was found to mediate the relationship between AUF and WB. Conclusions: The individuals who used alcohol to cope with NBSP or those with NBSP who often consumed alcohol had worsened WB due to a vicious circle of musculoskeletal pain and alcohol use. Therefore, medical staff should not consider alcohol use as an option to reduce burnout.

Effects of resilience, burnout, and work-related physical pain on work-life balance of registered nurses in South Korean nursing homes: A cross-sectional study.

Background:While nursing homes increase, the number of registered nurses (RNs) working there continues to decline. This study explored the effects of resilience, burnout, and work-related physical distress on the work-life balance of RNs to improve retention rates.Methods:This cross-sectional study involved 155 RNs working in 37 nursing homes, spread across 10 South Korean cities. Data were collected from May to July 2019 using self-report questionnaires, with items relating to general and work-related characteristics, work-life balance, resilience, and burnout. Multiple regression analysis was performed to identify factors affecting participants’ work-life balance, including variables that showed significant results in univariate analysis. All analyses were performed using the PASW SPSS win 26.0 program.Results:Participants’ average age was 48.48 years, and they had been working as RNs for 17.36 years on average. Work-related physical pain was reported by 70.3% of participants. Resilience had a positive correlation with work-life balance (r = 0.38; P < .001), whereas burnout had a negative correlation with work-life balance (r = −0.45; P < .001). Work-related physical pain (β = −0.27; 95% confidence interval [CI], −25.89 to −7.48), resilience (β = 0.20; 95% CI, 0.02–0.70), and burnout (β = −0.33; 95% CI, −0.9 to −0.24) affected participants’ work-life balance.Conclusion:Interventions to facilitate work-life balance among nursing home RNs must aim to increase resilience and reduce burnout and work-related physical pain. A healthy work-life balance should improve RN retention in nursing homes, boosting the safety and quality of life of residents in turn.

Burnout among midwives and attitudes toward midwifery: A cross-sectional study from Baden-Württemberg, Germany.

INTRODUCTIONMidwifery services are a cornerstone of maternal care, but the mental health of midwives is at risk in many work settings. The aim of this study was to assess burnout and attitudes toward midwifery among midwives in Baden-Württemberg, Germany.METHODSA cross-sectional online survey among midwives was conducted from 16 October to 10 December 2017. Burnout was assessed using the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI).RESULTSA total of 602 survey respondents were studied; 48.3%, 38.2%, and 23.3% of midwives reported moderate or high (CBI score ≥50) levels of personal burnout, work-related burnout, and client-related burnout, respectively. Midwives with moderate or high burnout in at least one CBI dimension worked more weekly hours, were more commonly employed, and worked more frequently in the hospital. In turn, midwives with low burnout levels worked fewer weekly hours, more commonly freelance, and more frequently community based (all p<0.001). Moderate or high burnout levels were associated with a reduced likelihood to recommend midwifery as a profession (OR=0.34; 95% CI: 0.23–0.49) and an increased likelihood to intent leaving the profession (OR=3.39; 95% CI: 2.0–5.9) in a multivariable regression adjusting for midwife characteristics and work practices.CONCLUSIONSBurnout symptoms were common among midwives. Burnout could be a health risk for midwives and a challenge to the profession by discouraging present and future midwives from practicing midwifery.

Prevalence and correlates of burnout among physicians in a developing country facing multi-layered crises: a cross-sectional study

Burnout among physicians is a serious concern that cultivates its seeds during their education. This study assessed the prevalence of burnout among Lebanese physicians and explored its correlates and the combined effects of the pandemic and the economic crisis on burnout. A web-based cross-sectional study was conducted in December 2020 using a snowball sampling technique. Moderate and high levels of burnout hit 90.7% of the physicians where personal, work-related, and client-related burnout were detected among 80.4%, 75.63%, and 69.6% of them respectively. A strong association was found between the higher level of burnout and female gender, younger age, being single, having a dependent child, living with an elderly or a family member with comorbidities, and insufficient sleeping hours. Physicians’ specialties, working in a public health facility, limited years of professional experience, lack of previous experience in a pandemic, and extensive working hours were also associated with increased burnout. Furthermore, low income, working in the frontline, higher threat perception, and fear of COVID-19 were contributing to higher burnout. The combined effect of threat perception and financial hardship significantly increased burnout levels. The alarming burnout level detected among physicians urges health authorities to take prompt actions to enhance the physicians’ well-being.

Advanced clinical practitioners' inter-shift need for recovery: a cross-sectional survey in emergency medicine.

Healthcare settings are high-risk environments for fatigue and staff burnout. The Need For Recovery (NFR) scale quantifies inter-shift recovery, which contributes to cumulative fatigue and may precede occupational burnout. Advanced clinical practitioners (ACPs) are an established feature of the emergency medicine workforce in the UK, however, little is known about factors affecting their inter-shift recovery, fatigue or how NFR correlates with formal burnout inventories. A prospective cross-sectional online survey of UK emergency medicine ACPs from 1 September to 30 September 2020. The primary aim was to determine the NFR of these ACPs. The secondary aims were to determine any statistical associations between NFR and selected variables, and whether NFR could reliably predict burnout using the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) as a comparator. There were 529 responses to the survey from 50 sites (response rate: 88%). The median NFR was 63.6 (95% CI 54.5-63.6). Lower NFR scores were found in ACPs who see both adults and children (54.5, 95% CI 45.4-63.6), work shifts of 7-10 hours (54.5, 95% CI 36.3-63.6) and who found it easy to park before work (54.5, 95% CI 45.5-54.5). Linear regression modelling indicated significant associations between shift length, ease of parking, ability to get breaks and feeling overwhelmed. Spearman's rho between NFR and CBI for personal and work-related burnout was 0.741 and 0.766 respectively. Correlation between NFR and patient-related burnout was less at 0.471. This study has shown the second highest NFR score reported in any occupational group. Several factors have been identified that may potentially reduce NFR and could be changed by organisations. NFR could also be used to identify those suffering with occupational burnout.