Work-related Behaviors Research Articles

Does a High-Performance Human Resource Practice Stimulate Employee Creativity: A Moderated Mediation Model

This study explores entrepreneurial leadership as a moderator between employee work engagement and perceptions of high-performance human resource management (HRM) practices. Additionally, it delves into the mediating role of employee work engagement between employee creativity and these perceptions. Utilizing a quantitative research strategy, the study includes a sample of 396 members from the banking sector in Pakistan. The study employs PLS-SEM to test hypotheses. Findings indicate that employee work engagement serves as a mediator between employees’ perceptions of high-performance HRM practices and creativity, while entrepreneurial leadership moderates this association. Entrepreneurial leadership enhances the employee–organization relationship and strengthens the impact of high-performance HRM practices on positive work-related behaviours. The study contributes to the body of knowledge by examining the strong role of employee work engagement in the relationship between employee perceptions of high-performance HRM practices and creativity as mediator, as well as the significance of entrepreneurial leadership as a moderator in that relationship to optimize the working of organization stimulating through the demand resource theory.

Prevalence of mental health symptoms and potential risk factors among Austrian psychotherapists

This research focused on the intricacies of mental health within the psychotherapist community, a domain currently understudied. A recent study suggests a better overall mental health profile for Austrian psychotherapists compared to the general population. However, a substantial proportion of psychotherapists still exhibited scores beyond the cut-off for clinically significant mental disorders, potentially undermining the efficacy of patient outcomes. A cross-sectional study was conducted between April to June 2023, enrolling a cohort of 502 Austrian psychotherapists (79.7% female; mean age: 53.4 ± 9.26 years). The analysis leveraged indicators for symptoms of depression (PHQ-2), anxiety (GAD-2), insomnia (ISI-2), stress (PSS-4), and overall well-being (WHO-5). Key correlations were revealed using multivariable logistic regressions incorporating sociodemographic, work-related, and health behavior variables. Mental health symptoms in psychotherapists were associated with lower income, lesser physical activity, employment in outpatient facilities, less experience in the field, and a smaller patient load. Notably, physical activity emerged as a significant protective component, underscoring regular exercise as a vital self-care routine for psychotherapists. Adequate income also presented as a crucial contributor to mental health stability. These findings augment our understanding of the complex dynamics influencing psychotherapists' mental health, potentially enhancing their well-being and optimizing professional output.

The Impact of Adjustment on Workplace Attitudes and Behaviors Among Health Care Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

We examined the impact of health care workers' (HCWs) adjustment to the COVID-19 pandemic on their work-related attitudes and behaviors. HCWs ( n = 1468) participated in an observational longitudinal study in which they completed surveys of anxiety and occupational health between 2020 and 2021. Most HCWs reported anxiety that was consistently below the diagnostic threshold (68%) or fell below the threshold within a year (16%). Others reported consistently high (14%) or increasing (2%) anxiety, especially women, younger HCWs, those with a weakened immune system, and allied health professionals. Consistently high or increasing anxiety was associated with poorer job satisfaction, work engagement, perceived supervisor support, burnout, and turnover intentions. Resources to support HCWs may be focused on those who report consistently high or increasing anxiety to minimize the effects of crises and disasters on the workforce.

The Predominance of the Health-Promoting Patterns of Work Behavior and Experience in General Practice Teams—Results of the IMPROVEjob Study

This study aims to identify the distribution of the “Work-related behavior and experience patterns” (Arbeitsbezogenes Verhaltens-und Erlebnismuster, AVEM) in general practitioners and their teams by using baseline data of the IMPROVEjob study. Members of 60 general practices with 84 physicians in a leadership position, 28 employed physicians, and 254 practice assistants participated in a survey in 2019 and 2020. In this analysis, we focused on AVEM variables. Age, practice years, work experience, and working time were used as control variables in the Spearman Rho correlations and analysis of variance. The majority of the participants (72.1%) revealed a health-promoting pattern (G or S). Three of eleven AVEM dimensions were above the norm for the professional group “employed physicians”. The AVEM dimensions “striving for perfection” (p < 0.001), “experience of success at work” (p < 0.001), “satisfaction with life” (p = 0.003), and “experience of social support” (p = 0.019) differed significantly between the groups’ practice owners and practice assistants, with the practice owners achieving the higher values, except for experience of social support. Practice affiliation had no effect on almost all AVEM dimensions. We found a high prevalence of AVEM health-promoting patterns in our sample. Nearly half of the participants in all professional groups showed an unambitious pattern (S). Adapted interventions for the represented AVEM patterns are possible and should be utilized for maintaining mental health among general practice teams.

A Review of Computer Vision-Based Monitoring Approaches for Construction Workers’ Work-Related Behaviors

A Review of Computer Vision-Based Monitoring Approaches for Construction Workers’ Work-Related Behaviors

Discrimination at work: Effects on Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment. An empirical study of the influence of perceived discrimination on work-related behaviours among people with and without a migration background

Discrimination at work: Effects on Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment. An empirical study of the influence of perceived discrimination on work-related behaviours among people with and without a migration background

Eğitim Sürecinde Öğrenme Teorilerinin İncelenmesi

Learning is a relatively constant change in human abilities that is not a result of the growth process. These abilities are associated with certain learning outcomes. At the end of the learning process, verbal knowledge, mental and motor skills, as well as attitudes and cognitive strategies are formed or developed. In an environment where knowledge is constantly changing, the competencies needed in educational life are also constantly differentiating. A competence that is valid and sought-after for today may lose its importance tomorrow. Therefore, the competencies that are possessed should be able to turn into the competencies that are needed in the future. Learning competence is a competence that is effective in gaining new competencies and transforming existing ones. Learning theories have been developed by a number of researchers in this regard in parallel with learning competence and processes. The purpose of developing these theories is to shed light on how learning processes are formed and how they develop through research, study and research. Because improving the abilities and learning capacities of employees in educational institutions is an indispensable condition for the institution to continue to exist. In the current period, it is becoming more difficult to find and hire human resources with the necessary qualifications and competencies every day. For this reason, organizations carry out training activities by determining the training needs of their existing employees. With the training activities, it is aimed to create changes in the work-related behavior of employees through learning. As the responsibilities and work areas of the employees participating in the training in an institution or organization change, the content and form of the training program will change accordingly. All these developments and initiatives are evaluated within the scope of learning processes. Key Words: Education, Learning, Learning Theories

Anomie sociale et processus mélancolique : une perspective sociopsychique sur les suicides en lien avec le travail

The psychological dynamics involved in work-related suicidal behaviour are generally neglected or obscured, in favour of an exclusive focus on critical social contexts and poor working conditions. In the field of agricultural work, these conditions, which affect a majority of farmers, are undoubtedly a source of “ill-being”, but do not specifically account for suicidal behaviour. Social anomie and organisational problems are linked to specific drives and mental mechanisms, such as identification and turning against one's own person, mobilised in a “melancholic process” likely to shed more light on the suicidal dynamic. Based on situations encountered in the world of agriculture, and broadening certain perspectives opened up by work psychodynamics, this article proposes a reflection that attempts to correlate socio-organisational processes and mental processes based on movements of psychic unbinding, coextensive with the expression of the death drive.

Work-stress, coping, and emotional exhaustion of school principals in Germany and Switzerland

Abstract Background While student and teacher health enjoy a high level of interest in health research, research on the health of school leaders has hardly been studied so far, especially in the German-speaking countries. How school leaders cope with work-related stress and the extent to which work-related coping behaviors are associated with mental health has not been studied to date. This paper focuses on the relationship between work-related stress and exhaustion of school leaders in Germany and Switzerland during the COVID-19 pandemic, using the job demands-resources model. Methods Data from the COVID-HL school leadership study are used, which was conducted in 2021 with N = 2186 school leaders from Germany and N = 293 school leaders from Switzerland. Structural equation modeling in R (R Team, 2020) is used to model the relation of stress, coping strategies, and exhaustion. Coping behavior, measured as different strategies for dealing with stress, is examined as potential explanation for the relationship between stress and exhaustion. Results The study shows systematic country differences to the disadvantage of German school leaders for all factors: German school leaders report to be more stressed, and they engage more in self-endangering coping strategies such as intensification of work, extensification of worktime or quality reduction in their work. In addition, German school leaders are more exhausted than Swiss school leaders. Stress is associated with exhaustion and is partly mediated through the strategy of intensifying work (working in a pace that is burdensome). Stress also causes school leaders to work longer hours and reduce the quality of work, but this has no further influence on exhaustion. Conclusions School leaders should become a target of school health promotion. There is a need for a holistic stress prevention, which promotes not only healthy work conditions but also adaptive coping strategies.

When I see your pain: effects of observing workplace ostracism on turnover intention and task performance

PurposeThe perseverative cognition framework suggests that observing ostracism has negative implications for observers due to affective rumination and that a proactive personality might make observers more vulnerable to this effect.Design/methodology/approachData from 49 team leaders and 218 team members were obtained through a three-wave survey in China. Path analysis was used to examine the theoretical model.FindingsThe results indicate that observing ostracism increased turnover intention and reduced task performance and that these relationships were mediated by affective rumination. Furthermore, these effects were stronger for observers with high proactive personality.Research limitations/implicationsWorkplace ostracism harms employees; however, its effects on observers remain underexplored. This paper extends research on the effects of ostracism by revealing that ostracism is not only harmful to the well-being of its victims but also adversely affects the work-related attitudes and behaviors of observers, especially those with proactive personality.Practical implicationsOrganizations should be aware of the harmful effects of workplace ostracism on observers, and take actions to inhibit workplace ostracism as well as reduce the negatives impacts.Originality/valueThe results reveal the cognitive mechanism of affective rumination, in which observing workplace ostracism affects observers' behaviors and attitudes, highlighting the importance of observing effect of workplace ostracism.

An affective-discursive analysis of Southern Finnish men’s perspectives on masculinities and femininities in the context of health at work

ABSTRACT Recent studies suggest that the potential conflict between health-awareness and masculinity has become less relevant due to men’s adaptation to post-industrialization and labor markets affected by neoliberalism. The concept of hybrid masculinity, which refers to men’s incorporation of practices associated with femininities and discursive distancing from masculinities, has been repeatedly used in this discussion. Yet, men’s affective meaning-making around masculinities and femininities has been left relatively underexplored. Drawing on 18 interviews with Southern Finnish men of varying ages and socio-economic backgrounds, this article explores men’s affective meaning-making around work-related health behaviors associated with masculinities and femininities. This study shows that these men demonstrate sympathy and admiration for some femininities and make frustrated remarks about masculinities involving neglect of emotional and bodily needs. However, they also construct masculinity as an illness-like mentality and men as victims of masculinity, rather than its proactive producers. Moreover, gender-flexible health behaviors are constructed as valuable insofar as they meet the needs of the organization and work process, and they are positioned in contrast to effeminacy and selfishness. This study demonstrates that men’s gender flexibility in constructing a competent self in working life is compatible with affective meaning-making that maintains misogyny and symbolic boundaries between genders.

Impact of despotic leadership and workplace incivility on innovative work behavior of employees: Application of mediation-moderation model

Innovative Work Behavior (IWB) of employees is one of the essential requirements for organizations to excel in competition in today's dynamic world. Nowadays, organizations can keep the current pace through competitive advantage. But to acquire competitive advantage, employees must be creative and innovative in their work-related behaviors. Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Pakistan are suffering several challenges in this regard. Therefore, current study is designed to examine the role of negative events and negative leadership on the IWB of the employees with mediating role of Psychological Well-being (PsyWB). Further, the moderating role of Perceived Organizational Support (POS) has also been tested. The negative event used in current research is Workplace Incivility (WPI) and Despotic Leadership (DL) from the negative leadership styles examined. Results of the current study showed that the presence of WPI and DL in organizations damage the IWB of employees as they harm the PsyWB of employees. We find that PsyWB mediated the relationship among DL, WPI, and IWB. POS is helpful for employees to overcome the negative issues prevailing in the organizations. The SMEs need to construct policies to eradicate WPI and must discourage despotic personalities to make the environment favorable for employees to protect their IWB. There must be some events that can increase the positive PsyWB of employees to make them more creative and motivated. Likewise, POS must be at sufficient level so that employees feel safe and healthy in all respects.

Marketing Research Project to Study the Attitudes and Preferences of Travelers Towards an Innovative Mode of Transport in Poland

Ethical leadership could be crucial for achieving positive outcomes in organization because of its effects on employee’s work-related behaviors. Though considerable research has been conducted on ethical leadership, we still know very little about the processes through which a leader can foster these behaviors.

Effects of Ethical Leadership on Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Exploring the Role of Psychological Capital

Ethical leadership could be crucial for achieving positive outcomes in organization because of its effects on employee’s work-related behaviors. Though considerable research has been conducted on ethical leadership, we still know very little about the processes through which a leader can foster these behaviors.

Effect of Work-Related Behavior and Experience Patterns on Sleep Quality in Emergency Medical Service Personnel.

The aim of this study was to examine the influence of work-related behavior and experience patterns on sleep quality in emergency medical service personnel. From the total sample of 508 emergency medical service workers who took part in the Germany-wide online survey, 368 respondents completed the questionnaires on sleep characteristics (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index [PSQI]) and work-related behavior and experience pattern. Three hundred sixty-seven of the 368 participants also finished the Regensburg Insomnia Scale. Based on their work-related behavior and experience pattern results, individuals were categorized into one of the four following patterns: two risk patterns (A, B) and two healthy behavior and experience patterns (G, S). Participants that were classified into risk-pattern A and B (33.85%) scored significantly higher in both PSQI and Regensburg Insomnia Scale overall score and all PSQI components implicating a poorer sleep quality. A total of 78.5% of the individuals with pattern A and B were considered bad sleepers whereas only 43.4% of individuals with pattern G and S were scored as bad sleepers. Work-related behavior and experience patterns showed a strong association to sleep characteristics and may therefore be used to identify appropriate preventative measures.

Association of Work-Related Sedentary Behavior With Mental Health and Work Engagement Among Japanese White- and Blue-Collar Workers.

This study investigated the association of work-related sedentary behavior with mental health and work engagement among white- and blue-collar workers. An Internet survey was conducted among 1600 workers aged 20 to 59 years. A total of 1213 valid responses were analyzed to examine the association of work-related sedentary behavior with mental health and work engagement. Higher level of occupational sedentary behavior significantly associated with poorer mental health and lower work engagement among white-collar workers. Considering the effect of occupation, association of sedentary behavior with mental health disappeared, whereas association with work engagement remained for white-collar workers. Our result suggested the importance of decreasing work-related sedentary behavior for enhancing work engagement regardless of the occupation for white-collar workers. Further study is needed to confirm the association between these variables for blue-collar workers.

The overlap between workplace bullying and organizational dissent in New Zealand

Purpose This study aims to examine the extent to which organizational dissent predicts perception of workplace bullying. As previous studies have reported inconsistent and sometimes contradictory results regarding the interaction between the reporting of bullying and demographic variables, these variables are examined in the New Zealand context. Organizational communication research provides considerable insight into the ways individuals make sense of and resist workplace bullying through juxtaposition with the concepts of dissent and intragroup conflict. Design/methodology/approach A nationally representative sample of managers in New Zealand (n = 239) was conducted. Surveys included demographic questions and the following measures: Organizational Dissent Scale and Negative Acts Questionnaire Revised Scale. Findings Key results and indications for further research are highlighted by the third model in this study. First, workers who reported they engaged in either articulated dissent or latent dissent were more likely to perceive workplace bullying. Second, workers who are more likely to express contrary opinions in the workplace are more likely to recognize, acknowledge and tolerate less positive interactions in the workplace such as bullying. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to analyze dissent and bullying in the New Zealand context. Second, this research raises the question of whether there is a conflation of work-related bullying behaviors and bad leadership styles that may not be targeted (e.g. authoritative leadership and micromanaging). Finally, communication research provides a distinctive contribution by exploring the narrative form of worker responses to perceived bullying. In this manuscript, the authors examine potential predictors on the perception of workplace bullying in the context of New Zealand, particularly focus on the relationship between dissent and the perception of workplace bullying.

EFL teachers in lockdown: does work-related rumination predict work-related behavior patterns during covid pandemic?

EFL teachers in lockdown: does work-related rumination predict work-related behavior patterns during covid pandemic?

Work-related information-seeking behaviour of janitors at the University of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the information needs and seeking behaviour of janitors working at the University of Dar es Salaam. A descriptive research design with a mixed research approach was used to study the information-seeking behaviour of the janitors. Results revealed that the majority of respondents had a multitude of work-related information needs including financial, health and safety at the workplace, work contracts, workers’ rights, and ethical information. The results further revealed that the majority of the study respondents relied heavily on their friends, mobile phones, social media, and relatives to meet their different work-related information needs. Results showed that most respondents had inadequate information literacy skills that limit their ability to comprehend work-related information and identify relevant sources where they could search and obtain reliable work-related information. The findings of this study have practical implications for formulating strategies for providing work-related information to the underprivileged working class such as the janitors. Understanding the information-seeking behaviour of janitors is imperative to meaningfully responding to their information needs. A better understanding of the janitors’ work-related information needs, sources, and challenges they face when seeking such information will help to design an appropriate information delivery system that will consider the information-seeking behaviour of this underprivileged working class.

Can Organizational Culture Encourage Islamic Banking Performance?: The Role of Organizational Commitment as Mediation

Purpose: This research aimed to observe the influence of organizational culture and organizational commitment on presentation in Aceh Sharia banking and the mediating impact of organizational commitment among organizational culture and performance using two methods, namely VAF and Bootstrapping. Theoretical framework: The concept model for this research was constructed from the reflective indicator model. The evaluation of the measurement model was carried out by external load and evaluation of the internal model (structural model). Design/methodology/approach: The research was performed on permanent employees of Aceh Sharia banking. The sampling method was a random sampling, through a questionnaire, with a self-administered process as a research tool. The pls-sem is a method of data analysis with the Smartpls analysis tool. Findings: The results showed that organizational culture had a positive and important influence on Commitment and organizational activity that would affect Acehn's Sharia banking activity. Research, Practical & Social implications: In addition, organizational commitment has the role as a partial mediation among the association organizational culture and presentation. Originality/value: It showed the importance of work-related behaviors and shared conceptions in Islamic banking in achieving Aceh's Islamic banking success.