Work-related Accidents Research Articles

Development of a Construction Site Hazard Warning Model Based on Deep Learning

近期因營建現場工安意外頻傳，2023年2月高雄市一處建築工地，施工人員在進行吊掛作業時，因吊車傾斜翻覆，吊臂壓到一名李姓勞工，造成職業災害；同年4月高雄市發生李姓工人正在焊接鋼筋時，遭吊車不慎碰撞，而發生工安意外；5月新北市吳姓磁磚公司老闆疑似誤觸操作堆高機，導致整個人懸空卡在機器上方，而發生憾事；因此施工人員與機具於現場作業時的安全距離與位置，常因為營建職場環境之複雜，而存有許多潛在風險，造成長期面臨職業災害的問題，包含重大公安事等發生。<br>在整個施工階段中，大多營造廠皆採用相機或攝影機等影像裝置來記錄現場的施工進度狀況，因影像資料較大、處理時間長，所以多數處於被動使用的狀態，最後僅於存查而未臻理想，所以本研究提出透過深度學習之影像辨識技術，利用卷積神經網路(CNN)具有強力的特徵提取功能，藉由濾波器(Filters)從輪廓、邊緣線條到局部特徵自動進行提取，再以全連接(Fully Connected)方式，將特徵資料輸入至整個神經網路進行訓練的一套工程現場施工危害警示系統，其對於施工影像辨識處理效果佳，達到即時監測施工現場的影像數據，並運用安全評估區塊模組快速識別潛在的危害情況，並發出警示信號，提醒工地管理人員立即採取適當的措施，確保職業安全。本研究將與營建公司合作，蒐集正在施工的建案影像和場地分析，驗證危害警示模型的可行性，並評估其對職業安全管理的實際效果，協助工地管理人員結合科技進步，運用更為有效的管理工具保障施工人員安全，減少工安意外發生，同時提高營建業的生產效率和競爭力。Recently, there has been a high frequency of construction site occupational accidents. In February 2023, at a construction site in Kaohsiung City, a crane tilted and overturned during lifting operations, causing the crane arm to press against nearby construction workers, resulting in occupational injuries. In April, a worker was welding steel bars and was accidentally struck by a crane, leading to a work safety accident. In May, the owner of a tile company in New Taipei City was suspected of mistakenly operating a forklift, causing the person to be suspended above the machine and resulting in a tragic incident. Therefore, the safety distance and positioning between construction workers and machinery during on-site operations are often compromised due to the complexity of the construction workplace environment, posing numerous latent risks and leading to long-term occupational hazard issues, including severe public safety incidents. <br>In the construction industry, cameras or video devices are commonly used to record the progress of construction activities throughout the entire construction phase. However, due to the large size of image data and time-consuming processing, these devices are often passively utilized, resulting in suboptimal outcomes where the data is merely stored for reference purposes. To address this issue, this study proposes a construction hazard warning system that leverages deep learning techniques, specifically convolutional neural networks (CNNs), known for their powerful feature extraction capabilities. By automatically extracting features from contours, edges, and local characteristics through filters and subsequently inputting the extracted features into a fully connected neural network, a practical framework for on-site construction hazard recognition is established. The system enables real-time monitoring of construction sites by processing and analyzing image data. It utilizes a safety assessment module to identify potential hazards and issue warning signals quickly, alerting site managers to take immediate actions to ensure occupational safety. In collaboration with construction companies, this research collects construction project images. It conducts site analysis to validate the feasibility of the hazard warning model and evaluate its practical effectiveness in occupational safety management. By integrating technological advancements, this research aims to assist site managers in adopting more efficient management tools, safeguarding the safety of construction personnel, reducing work-related accidents, and enhancing productivity and competitiveness in the construction industry.

Risk Mitigation Strategy for Coal Transshipment

Coal transshipment necessitates efficient and prompt execution, devoid of any delays or work-related accidents. Numerous events during the transshipment process have the potential to disrupt operations and pose substantial risks. This research aims to examine the risks associated with coal transshipment by leveraging ISO 31000:2018 as the risk analysis framework. Additionally, it seeks to prioritize risk mitigation strategies employing the Techniques for Other Preferences by Similarity to Ideal Solutions (TOPSIS) methodology. Data collection for this study involved surveys and expert discussions to comprehensively analyze all risks by ISO 31000:2018 guidelines. The findings were then visualized through the use of a fishbone diagram, which facilitated the identification and understanding of the generated risks. The analysis revealed several threats that could impact the coal transshipment process. These major threats include natural disasters, equipment failures, shipping accidents, health risks for workers, fire hazards, operational delays, inefficient loading and unloading processes, and transportation accidents. The proposed mitigation strategies such as designing SOPs, developing emergency response plans, implementing safety measures, providing training, conducting risk assessments, and ensuring equipment maintenance, are academically supported and practical in their application. However, challenges such as financial constraints, resistance to change, and the dynamic nature of the process need to be overcome for effective implementation. Organizations can enhance safety and operational efficiency in coal transshipment by carefully managing resources, engaging stakeholders, and continuously evaluating and improving strategies. Overall, the proposed strategies offer a feasible and proactive means to mitigate threats and promote a safer and more efficient transshipment process.

Epidemiology and socioeconomic consequences of work-related pelvic and acetabular fractures recorded in the German Social Accident Insurance

IntroductionPelvic and acetabular fractures can result from work-related accidents and frequently require lengthy medical treatments. Consequently, high medical costs as well as delayed or absent return to work can be the consequence. Therefore, we aimed to study the socioeconomic consequences of work-related pelvic and acetabular fractures. Materials and methodsThis retrospective study investigated work-related pelvic and acetabular fractures recorded in the German Social Accident Insurance in 2011 and 2017, in terms of age, sex, type of accident, duration of incapacity to work, reductions in earning capacity, costs for outpatient and inpatient treatment and costs for pension and severance pay. ResultsAmong a total of 606 injuries in 2011 and 619 injuries in 2017, male patients and patients between 40 and 65 years were predominantly affected. Acetabular fractures caused higher rates of long absence from work of 6–12 months (2011: 24.7% vs. 9.5–16.9%; 2017: 26.1% vs. 6.1–11.0%) and >12 months (2011: 15.8% vs. 9.8–10.2%; 2017: 13.3% vs. 1.9–8.2%) as well as more cases with a reduction in earning capacity of at least 20% (2011: 61 vs. ≤27 cases; 2017: 39 vs. ≤12 cases) compared to pelvic ring fractures. The total costs for pelvic ring and acetabular fractures in the German social accident insurances amounted € 18,726,630 and € 9637,189 in the periods 2011–2020 and 2017–2020, respectively. The average costs per case for treatment and rehabilitation until 2020 was € 19,079 for injuries from 2011 and € 13,629 for injuries from 2017. Acetabular fractures were found to be the most cost-intensive injuries compared to anterior, posterior or complex pelvic ring fractures. ConclusionsWork-related pelvic and especially acetabular fractures have a considerable socioeconomic impact in the German Social Accident Insurance. Measures to prevent work-related accidents and to improve treatment of pelvic injuries can help to reduce their socioeconomic burden.

Fatalities in value chains—an attempt to classify road traffic crashes in accordance with the United Nations General Assembly resolution 74/299

Large corporations are today expected or obliged to report on accidental deaths and serious injuries to employed or contracted employed as a part of reporting on sustainability and workplace safety. Data about road crashes are part of such events and are therefore, but not separately, collected and presented. In Europe, 40% to 60% of all work-related accidents resulting in death has been reported to be road traffic accidents. In 2020, the Stockholm Declaration urged all corporations to report on their safety footprint including their entire value chain. The aims of the present study were to use a new definition of safety footprint and to quantify those killed as employed and at work, and those killed in a crash where the other part was at work, as so called third parties, to transports for duty with employed drivers. The Swedish Transport Administration (STA) in-depth database of fatal crashes was used, that covers all fatalities classified as road traffic related and consists of information from the police, medical journals, autopsy reports, accident analyses performed by STA, and witness statements. All fatalities excluding suicides or those caused by sickness occurring during year 2019 were investigated (n = 214). 11% (23/214) of the fatalities occurred when the killed person was at work and 16 while commuting. 37% of the fatal accidents occurred when the killed road user or the other part was at work. In total, almost half of the fatalities in the road transport system were related to work in some way when including both the fatally injured and their collision partners. A larger proportion of non-privately owned and procured vehicles was found for the vehicles of the collision partners compared to the vehicles of the fatally injured. In approximately one third of the fatal accidents a procurement of a transport service was involved. The Swedish Work Environment Authority (SWEA) identified 10 of the 23 fatalities at work investigated and none of these accidents was found to be investigated by the police as a crime related to the work environment. In conclusion, almost half of the fatalities in the road transport system in 2019 were related to work in some way, either the fatally injured or their collision partners were at work or while commuting. When including the third-party casualties, the problem becomes much bigger and more complex. In Sweden fatalities related to work are underreported, as the SWEA does not receive basic data. Efforts are needed to improve reporting of work-related road fatalities. It was found that the police did not investigate road traffic fatalities as death at workplace. It is crucial that the police start to follow the intention of regulations linked to workplace safety. If not, the possibility to collect relevant data for organizations to report on their safety footprint is limited. It is complicated to collect, classify and analyse value chain fatal crash information, mainly due to that the police do not investigate fatal road crashes as possibly work-related events. It is recommended that organizations manage their own data collection if they wish to report on their safety footprint data.

Recommendations for Occupational Safety and Health (K3) as a Means in Increasing Employee Performance Productivity

Occupational Health and Safety (K3) is an important aspect in an industrial environment that aims to protect employees from various risks and hazards that may occur during the production process. This study aims to analyze the role of OSH in increasing productivity and quality of work in various industrial sectors. Regulation of the Minister of Manpower No. 4 of 1987 confirms that every agency that employs employees with a number of over 100 people or more is obliged to pay attention to the occupational safety and health of its employees, but unfortunately Not all agencies apply K3 to these agencies. Working with a healthy, safe and comfortable body and environment is what all workers want. The physical environment of the workplace and organizational environment are very important in influencing the social, mental and physical life of workers. The health of a workplace environment can have a positive influence on worker health, such as increasing worker morale, reducing absenteeism and increasing productivity. On the other hand, an unhealthy or unhealthy workplace (often exposed to hazardous substances/items affecting health/occupational safety) can increase the number of unhealthy and even accidents, lower the quality of workers' health, increase health costs and many other negative impacts. This study uses a qualitative approach by collecting data from various sources, including literature studies and interviews with industry practitioners who are experienced in OSH implementation. The results showed that OSH has a significant role in increasing employee productivity by reducing absenteeism due to work-related accidents and diseases. In addition, the implementation of an effective OSH program can reduce the number of work accidents and potential injuries, which ultimately improves work quality and operational efficiency. This study concludes that OSH is not only the responsibility of the company, but also the community and government must be involved in ensuring a safe and healthy work environment. With the implementation of OSH management, it is hoped that healthy workers will make productive workers, which is very important for the success of company and agency businesses and national development.

Have work-related accidents and ill-health in Brazil declined since the introduction of the accident prevention factor?

Have work-related accidents and ill-health in Brazil declined since the introduction of the accident prevention factor?

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty Versus Positive Airway Pressure in Patient With Obstructive Sleep Apnea in South Korea

Background and Objectives: Although positive airway pressure (PAP) is known to be more effective than uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), PAP is a more expensive treatment in Korea. Therefore, it is necessary to compare the cost-effectiveness of these two treatments.Methods: We assumed patients with moderate to severe OSA and divided them into three groups: those who used PAP (the PAP Treatment group), those who received UPPP (surgery group), and those who did not receive a diagnosis or treatment (No Treatment group). We compared their medical costs over 10 years. The incidence rate of common complications and accidents (coronary heart disease, heart failure, stroke, depression, diabetes, vehicle accident, and work-related accident) with or without treatment was adopted through a literature review. The average medical expenses for treating each complication and accident were also found by searching several databases.Results: The incidence of all complications was higher in the control group than in the PAP Treatment group or the surgery group. However, since the absolute incidence rate was not high in all groups and medical expenses in Korea are low, the expected treatment cost was not high (KRW 108,209 per year for the PAP Treatment group, KRW 141,228 for the surgery group, and KRW 178,369 for the No Treatment group). In contrast, the costs of a polysomnography examination, PAP rental, and mask purchase were relatively high. Based on these results, the 10-year medical expenses for the PAP Treatment group were KRW 10,246,948, and those for the surgery were only KRW 925,095.Conclusion: Although PAP treatment reduces the incidence of complications in OSA patients, it is not as cost-effective as UPPP in Korea, where medical costs are low.

Potential Hazards and Associated Causal Factors in the Occupational Environment of Palm Oil Workers

Introduction:Palm oil workers are exposed to numerous hazards in the work environment associated with accidents and occupational diseases. Work-related accidents are typically influenced by a combination of internal and external factors. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the potential hazards and influencing factors affecting the safety of workers in palm oil gardens. Method: PRISMA guidelines with Boolean operators were used alongside specified keywords "Safety Work ” OR “ Health Work " AND " Hazard" AND “ Palm Oil ” AND “ Worker.” The inclusion criteria for the review included articles published from 2019 to 2023. Results: The results showed that factors psychologically influencing work accidents among palm oil workers included length of service, knowledge, attitudes, as well as the use of PPE, and overtime system. In terms of potential ergonomic hazards, the influencing factors identified were work posture, workload, and repetitive movements while working. From the aspect of potential biological and chemical hazards, the use of PPE when spraying pesticides and cleanliness were found to play a crucial role in the prevention of infection and exposure to chemical materials. Conclusion: Based on the results from several studies, smallholder palm oil workers have the potential to experience occupational accidents and diseases in the form of physical, biological, chemical, and ergonomic hazards. However, by adopting a comprehensive approach to mitigating these complex hazards, stakeholders can create a safer and more sustainable work environment.

Analysis of Unsafe Act in the Standard Operational Procedures of Injectioning Nurses in Dr. Haryoto General Hospital, Lumajang

Introduction: Standard Operational Procedures are a set of instructions that have been standardized to meet certain patient needs that aim to direct nursing activities safely in carrying out medical and non-medical actions in order to improve the quality of service through the application of applicable standards. Methode: cross-sectional research design that aims to find out whether there is an influence between the characteristics, knowledge, attitudes and work safety facilities of injecting in the application of Standard Operating Procedures for injecting techniques in efforts to prevent accidents due to needle sticks. The population in this study were 153 people with a total sample of 60 people analyzed using multiple regression. Results: The results showed that 90% of nurses at Lumajang Hospital applied the SPO for injecting according to the multiple regression test found a significant effect between the variables of knowledge on the application of SPO for injecting with a value of ρ value 0.017 <0.05. The largest OR value obtained is 21.106 meaning that the respondent's knowledge has the opportunity 21.106 times in the application of the appropriate SPO and there is a significant influence between the variables of years of service and the application of the SPO with a ρ value of 0.025 <0.05. And the OR value of 17.739 is obtained, meaning that the respondent's tenure has 17.739 opportunities in implementing the correct SOP. Conclusion: It is recommended that there be a firm commitment in implementing SPO as an effort to prevent work-related accidents, develop nurse knowledge through education and training in the field of work safety .

Practices of Occupational Health and Safety and Experience of Occupational Hazards among Solid Waste Managers in Port Harcourt Metropolis of Rivers State

Background: Waste generation is a daily occurrence and requires a proper system of collection, management, and disposal. This function lies on municipal solid waste managers (MSWM) who use manual methods of waste collection and management in the conduct of their activities. This exposes them to various forms of occupational health risks. Aim: The study investigated the occupational risk exposure of waste managers in Port Harcourt metropolis. Materials and Method: This descriptive cross-sectional survey collected data from solid waste collectors or managers who have worked for over a year in the Rivers state, using a researcher-administered semi-structured questionnaire. The data was analysed using SPPS version 23. Results: A total of 317 were recruited, with the majority as males (68.5%), aged between 30 – 39 years (56.5%), married (55.5%), permanent staff (54.3%), educated to the tertiary level (31.2%), have over 5 years of experience (52.1%) and earn between 30,000 – 39,000 Naira monthly (44.8%). Also, 87.1% of the respondents had good practice of occupational health and safety, while 61.5% and 32% of the waste managers have been exposed to work-related accidents and diseases respectively in course of carrying out their job within the last 12 months. Cuts (30.0%), puncture wounds (20.5%), and road accidents (20.2%) as the most experienced hazards by the workers, while allergies (23.2%) and rash/other skin diseases (22.1%) were the most experienced type of illness. Conclusion: The high prevalence of occupational hazards can be attributed to poor working conditions and lack of adequate safety gear. Hence, there is a need for increased governmental budgetary allocation for the provision safety gear and training

Psychotherapy prescribed by accident insurance consultants : Important component in treatment procedures of the statutory accident insurance

In Germany around 1 Million working and commuting accidents per year are officially registered. Since several years this number is constantlyat this high level, only just since the appearance of the actual Covid pandemia significantly lower because of lockdowns and increase of homeoffice workplaces. To ensure the professional care of psychotraumatic sequelae of work-related injuries, in 2012 new regulations were introduced by the DGUV, the national umbrella organization of the German statutory health insurances. This healthcare reform (named "Psychotherapeutenverfahren", verbally translated: psychotherapists' procedure) is looked at 10 years later. Is the new regulation accepted by the surgeons' community? What case constellations can be observed? The use of this new instrument among trauma surgeons was evaluated by national data for the complete years 2013-2021. Additionally, we include regional data and case reports from amultidisciplinary medical facility including trauma surgery and psychiatry, located in Güstrow (Northeast Germany). Nationwide the percentage of psychotherapy amongst the regular treatment has doubled between 2013 and 2021 from 0.47 to 0.96%. Looking at the first 10 years of its clinical implementation, the new German psychotherapy regulation is apparently well accepted by the accident insurance consultants. As data from population based studies are not available, the actual percentage of psychological sequelae of accidents in this cases is notknown yet. So there is further need of research and training in this interdisciplinary field to ensure appropriate treatment of victims of work-related accidents. The integration of psychotraumatological facts in the educational agendas of accident insurance consultants has already started.

Rupture of finger distal interphalangeal collateral ligament treated with a mini soft anchor

BackgroundRuptured finger distal interphalangeal (DIP) collateral ligament is a rare injury, with controversial treatment until the present. Our case series aimed to demonstrate feasible surgical intervention using a mini anchor. MethodsThe present study includes four patients with ruptured finger DIP collateral ligaments who received primary repair in a single institute. They have suffered from joint instability due to ligament loss caused by infection, motorcycle accidents, and work-related accidents. All patients were operated on similarly using a 1.0 mm mini anchor for ligament reattachment. ResultsThe finger DIP joint range of motion (ROM) was documented in all patients during follow-up. Joint ROM recovered to almost normal degrees, and the pinch strength recovered to > 90% compared to the contralateral side in all patients. Additionally, collateral ligament re-rupture, DIP joint subluxation or re-dislocation, and infection were not noted during follow-up. ConclusionsRuptured finger DIP joint ligament requiring surgery is usually based on a combination with other soft tissue injuries and defects. However, repair with a 1.0 mm mini anchor is a feasible surgical intervention to reattach the ligament with minimal complication.

Validation of the Danish PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 in trauma-exposed chronic pain patients using the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5

ABSTRACT Background: Validation of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) screening tools across various populations to ensure accurate PTSD estimates is important. Because of the high symptom overlap between PTSD and pain, it is particularly important to validate PTSD screening tools in trauma-exposed chronic pain patients. Objective: The present study is the first seeking to validate the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) in a sample of trauma-exposed, treatment-seeking chronic pain patients. Method: The validation and optimal scoring of the PCL-5 were investigated using the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5) in chronic pain patients exposed to traffic or work-related traumas (n = 84). Construct validity was investigated using confirmatory factor analyses testing six competing DSM-5 models in a sample of mixed trauma-exposed chronic pain patients (n = 566), and a subsample of chronic pain patients exposed to traffic or work-related trauma only (n = 202). Furthermore, concurrent validity and discriminant validity were investigated using correlation analysis. Results: The results showed moderate (κ = .46) diagnostic consistency between the PCL-5 and the CAPS-5 using the DSM-5 symptom cluster criteria, and the overall accuracy of the scale (area under the curve = .79) was highly acceptable. Furthermore, the Danish PCL-5 showed excellent construct validity both in the full sample and in the subsample of traffic and work-related accidents, with superior fit of the seven-factor hybrid model. Excellent concurrent validity and discriminant validity were also established in the full sample. Conclusion: The PCL-5 appears to have satisfactory psychometric properties in trauma-exposed, treatment-seeking chronic pain patients.

Evaluating the preliminary effectiveness of industrial virtual reality safety training for ozone generator isolation procedure

Safety training is an important factor in preventing and reducing work-related accidents. As workplaces look for ways to improve safety outcomes, increasing the effectiveness of safety training continues to be an important factor. Interest in virtual reality (VR) training has grown substantially in recent years due to the emergence of affordable, consumer-grade VR technologies. The ability to simulate hazardous and difficult-to-access scenarios and environments provides the opportunity for practical hands-on training otherwise difficult to achieve. VR also provides the opportunity for trainees to fail safely increasing the appeal for safety–critical sectors. This study investigates the preliminary effectiveness of VR training for ozone generator isolation training compared to traditional training methods. Measures included are reaction, learning (i.e., knowledge gain and knowledge retention), and training duration. A mixed design was used with between-groups cross-sectional comparisons (N = 33) and a longitudinal evaluation on knowledge retention (N = 29). The VR training group reported significantly higher reaction results and took significantly less time to complete the training when compared with the traditional training group with no significant differences in learning outcomes. Overall, the results suggest that VR training can be a viable tool for delivering ozone generator isolation training. Further investigation is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of VR safety training in influencing behavioral change and reducing work-related accidents.

Investigating the Work-related Accidents in Iran: Analyzing and Comparing the Factors Associated With the Duration of Absence From Work

Objectives: Work-related accidents as one of the most prominent indicators of safety and health in the industry play an undeniable role in developing and improving the quality of industrial health management. Therefore, their accurate analysis on a large scale is essential. To provide controlling solutions, we aimed to investigate the causes of occupational accidents in Iran for 10 years (2007-2017). Methods: At first, the reports of 10-year work-related accidents were taken from the Social Security Organization, then classified, and entered into SPSS software, version 18.0. Analyses were performed in two stages. Descriptive analyses were initially performed and then multivariate Cox regression was implemented to determine the significance of the effects of the identified factors. Accordingly, six parameters including the cause of the occurrence, gender, type of insurance, time of the accident, marital status, and type of accident were extracted as the effective factors. Next, the effect of each parameter was examined using multivariate Cox regression with a 95% confidence interval. Results: The findings showed that falls and slips (18.3%) and physical strikes (14.6%) were the most common causes of accidents, and carelessness (61.9%) and equipment density (21.1%) had the strongest impact on accidents. Accidents had the highest incidence rate from 9 AM to noon (34.77%). The findings also showed that accident location (P<0.001), cause of the accident (P<0.001), type of insurance (P<0.001), and age (P<0.001) had significant effects on the duration of absence from work. Moreover, the findings demonstrated that the mental condition of workers and workplace design/layout had the strongest impacts on the rate of accidents. Discussion: to control and reduce the risk of occupational accidents, appropriate working situations should be provided.

Patterns and Characteristics of Midface Fractures in North-Eastern Romania

Midface fractures are common injuries that are the result of interpersonal violence, traffic accidents, falls, work-related accidents, sports-related accidents, or animal aggression. In the northeastern part of Romania, these injuries are a significant health concern that, if left untreated, may lead to functional and esthetic sequelae. Background and Objectives: This study aims to update the statistical data available to help promote a different lifestyle, with awareness campaigns to prevent aggression, accidents, and domestic violence. Materials and Methods: This research was conducted over five years and included 651 patients of both sexes, with ages between 3 and 95 years, that addressed our center for midface fracture treatment. Results: The authors of this study found that men are more predisposed to fractures of the middle third of the face, with anterior laterofacial fractures being the most common type of fracture. Interpersonal violence was the most incriminated etiology for all midface fractures. Conclusions: The present study regarding midfacial fractures shows similar results compared to the medical literature. These findings could help promote a different lifestyle, with awareness campaigns to prevent aggression, accidents, and domestic violence.

Risk Matrix as a Tool for Risk Analysis for Work-Related Hazard in Offshore Installation in the Oil and Gas Industry

This study aims to investigate the likelihood of hazard occurrence, the frequency level, the level of severity, and the consequences of work-related hazards in Offshore Installations. This study was a cross-sectional design assessment and the instrument used for this study was a well-structured questionnaire on Analysis of Work-related Accidents which was sent to e-mails of oil and gas workers. The reliability of the instrument was assessed using Cronbach's alpha. Data analyses were carried out using descriptive statistics, Risk Matrix, and Fault tree analysis. The 4 by 4 risk assessment matrix for the likelihood and consequences showed that 12 of the hazard were categorized as having high risk and Wind/Strong current was classified as extreme risk, However, 5 of the identified hazards, H5, H6, H7, H8 & H10 are risks that can be easily controlled to prevent an incident from occurring. All the offshore risks identified were either rated as high or extreme, which indicated that offshore hazards have severe consequences for the People, Environment, Asset and Reputation of the company. Therefore, high safety measures must be put in place to control these risks.

The Effect of Demographic Factors on Work-related Injuries in the Oil and Gas Industry in the Niger Delta Region in Nigeria

This study aimed to find out the effect of Demographic factors on work-related Injuries in the Oil and Gas Industry in the Niger Delta Region in Nigeria. The research method that was used for this study was a correlation design to test the demographic variables and how related they were to work-related injuries The instrument used for this study was a well-structured questionnaire on Analysis of Work-related Accidents which was sent to e-mails of oil and gas workers in Akwa Ibom state and the Rivers state of Nigeria for the collection of data to provide answers to the questions. The reliability of the instrument was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha which was 0.767, Different statistical test methods (Mann-Whitney, Kruskal Wallis, z-test, ANOVA and Dunn’s test) were used. The findings revealed that gender does not play any significant role in work-related injuries with p-values greater than 0.05, Education plays a role in certain types of injuries i.e. (contusion and MSDs with P-values of 0.013 and 0.015 respectively, and musculoskeletal disorders were the common types of injuries experienced by staff with a p-value of 0.05. Fractures and Amputations were experienced by workers who have spent above 16 years working offshore with p-values of 0.031, 0.035 and 0.020, 0 & 022 respectively. In Summary, certain demographic factors have effect on work-related Injuries.

Unauthorized Mexican-Born Immigrants, Occupational Injuries, and the use of Medical Services in the United States

This article examines how unauthorized immigrant status is associated with the risk of suffering a work-related accident or illness and with the use of medical services after experiencing an injury among Mexican immigrants in the United States. Using individual-level data on 81,004 Mexican immigrants who previously worked in the United States and were interviewed when they returned to Mexico in the Survey of Migration in the Northern Border of Mexico from 2010 to 2018, we estimate a series of probit models and nonlinear decompositions to analyze legal status differences in the incidence of occupational injuries among immigrant workers. The results show that among Mexican immigrants in the United States unauthorized status was associated with a greater probability of experiencing an occupational injury. The higher injury rate among unauthorized immigrants was partly driven by the fact that they worked more hours per day, more days per week, and were employed in riskier occupations than authorized immigrants. If unauthorized immigrants were older and had higher levels of English-language ability, the injury gap would have been even larger. Unauthorized status was also associated with a lower likelihood of using medical services after suffering an occupational injury because unauthorized workers had less access to medical care. The findings show that the right to legal work has important implications for the health of immigrants by setting a higher risk level for injury on the job and limiting access to health care following such an injury.

Associations between frailty status, work‐related accidents and efforts for safe work among older workers in Tokyo: A cross‐sectional study

Working in old age not only solves the labor shortage in Japan, but also benefits the health of the older workers; however, work-related accidents are a major concern. Functional impairment is an important factor in such accidents. The first aim was to examine the association between frailty status and work-related accidents, and the second aim was to identify those who utilize the opportunity to learn about safe work. The participants were 7265 members of the Silver Human Resource Center in Tokyo, engaged in non-regular and indeterminate paid work. The frailty status (robust, pre-frail and frail) was assessed using the frailty screening index. We obtained data on self-reported work-related accidents that occurred in the past year, and the experience of participation in workshops and reading brochures for safe work. Modified Poisson regression analysis was carried out to calculate the prevalence ratio. The prevalence of robust, pre-frailty and frailty were 26.3%, 63.3% and 10.4%, respectively. The percentage of participants who reported work-related accidents was 9.4%. Relative to robust participants, pre-frail and frail participants showed 1.57-fold (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.28-1.93) and 2.31-fold (95% CI 1.79-2.98) higher prevalence ratios of work-related accidents, respectively. The prevalence ratio in pre-frail and frail participants were 1.08 (95% CI 1.04-1.11) and 1.14 (95% CI 1.09-1.20), respectively, for non-participation in workshops, and 1.17 (95% CI 1.06-1.29) and 1.39 (95% CI 1.20-1.61), respectively, for not reading brochures. These findings suggest the importance of support for older workers with functional impairment, as well as those without to continue to work safely. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; 23: 234-238.