Work Organization Research Articles

Организация Самостоятельной Подготовки Военнослужащих по Русскому Языку как Иностранному

The study is devoted to the organization of independent training of military specialists in a military university when teaching the Russian language. The purpose of the article is to prepare means for managing self-training, taking into account the creation of effective mechanisms for intensive training using modern interactive techniques that stimulate the motivational interest of military specialists in verbal communication and organizing their own speech. The article offers practical recommendations for mastering textual activity both under the guidance of a teacher and in self-training, promoting the individualization of learning and self-management of the speech-thinking intellectual-cognitive process. To solve the problem, research methods such as applied and descriptive were used. The presented article actualizes the problem of organizing self-training in teaching Russian as a foreign language to foreign-speaking military personnel. Factors specific to a special purpose educational institution are analyzed, to which a teacher teaching RFL in short-term intensive courses must pay close attention. The idea is substantiated that it is necessary to take into account the specifics of special-purpose educational institutions when training, as well as to compensate for the limited language environment, which will entail the effectiveness of mastering language training programs for military specialists. The key problematic points on the way to preparing for the development of short-term language training programs are identified and characterized. The conditions and ways to eliminate difficulties in the process of learning the Russian language are identified and argued, the implementation of which will allow the teacher to effectively carry out language training. As a result of this study, the author concludes that the correct organization of independent work of foreign language students can increase the effectiveness of their learning of the Russian language, and also contribute to the formation of the personality of a specialist ready for self-development and self-education.

El Sector Metalmecánico En El Noroeste Del Gba. Una Mirada Al Desarrollo Local Con Eje En Las Pymes

This article offers a characterization of the metal-mechanical sector in the northwest of Greater Buenos Aires, particularly in the districts of José C. Paz, San Miguel and Malvinas Argentinas. Based on approaches to local development, we focus on the geographical dimension of the economic framework and SME entrepreneurship. The research includes georeferenced surveys of economic units, cataloging and analysis from a territorial dimension; and also visits to establishments and interviews with their top managers. With this, we seek to advance in the construction of knowledge about the organization of work in metalworking SMEs in the region, their potential for articulation in value chains and weighing the non-economic dimensions of local development.

Work-Family Conflict and Burnout for Mothers of Color: Exploring the Role of Microaggressions and Gender Role Beliefs

Within the United States, working mothers of color may have unique work and home/life experiences related to their racial and gender identities that affect their ability to balance work, family, and parenting roles. This exploratory study utilized a work and family interface model to examine how experiences of racial microaggressions and internalized gender beliefs relate to women of color’s work and family conflict as well as parental and work burnout in a sample of 151 working mothers of color. We also examined the moderating effect of institutional support between traditional gender roles beliefs and burnout. We found that experiencing workplace racial microaggressions and holding traditional gender role beliefs predicted greater work to family and family to work conflict; work to family conflict predicted both work and parental burnout yet family to work conflict only predicted work burnout. We also found that institutional support from work organizations mediated the relationship between traditional gender roles beliefs and work burnout, suggesting that supportive workplace environments play an important role in reducing burnout for mothers of color employees.

Fathers' use of extended parental leave: exploring company barriers in Sweden

ABSTRACT In Sweden, men's parental leave rights are considered important for realizing gender equality. Men have the same compensated leave rights as women: three months each of nontransferable and transferable leave. Nevertheless, less than 20% of couples share leave equally (each taking 40% or more of all leave days). Understanding the circumstances under which fathers take leave beyond nontransferable months is important if equality is to be realized, yet few studies investigate this. Our survey of human resource directors in Sweden's top companies revealed extended leave use was not normative for fathers’ and especially male top managers and aspects of the gendered culture and structure of work organizations were associated with less extended leave use. Company awareness of parental leaves benefits for the company was significantly and independently related to fathers’ and top male managers' extended leave use. Positive workplace attitudes and less job specialization increased fathers’ extended leave use. Companies’ setting fewer conditions encouraged more top male managers to take extended leave, as did a policy of managerial training to facilitate fathers’ leaves. Greater understanding of company barriers to fathers’ extended parental leave use may encourage companies to remove those barriers which can increase fathers’ use of extended parental leave.

O PAPEL E IMPORTÂNCIA DA GESTÃO DE PESSOAS NA ORGANIZAÇÃO: PESQUISA DE CLIMA ORGANIZACIONAL

The organizational climate is perceived in different ways by employees, as it is related to how they are treated, due to the sector in which they work, their gender, length of service, activities, forms of work organization and leadership profile. Identifying the organizational climate is essential to check whether it presents toxic aspects and through organizational research we can obtain this information. Nowadays, in a post-pandemic scenario, it is very important to take care of workers' mental health, especially in the workplace, since it is in the organizational environment that they spend the majority of their time. For the theoretical-methodological improvement of this research, it was based on a bibliographical review of books, scientific articles, scientific magazines and materials available on the internet and websites with scientific content. In addition to the literature review, qualitative research was used using a questionnaire as a collection instrument. Therefore, the qualitative approach made it possible to construct meanings and interpret the data obtained through the questionnaire applied to ten employees of a company in the commercial sector about their perception of the organizational climate and its impacts on the work environment. In the case of the research, we can identify that the results highlighted the need to adopt an adequate remuneration policy, adjustment of working hours, reviews of salaries and the benefits package, adopting an employee development policy and adapting resting places. These results may have clues that could lead to a toxic environment in the future.

The influencing factors of newly employed nurses’ adaptation in Malaysia: a structural equation modelling assessment

BackgroundGraduate nurses commonly experience the transition phase and are required to adapt quickly to their new workplace, as it is a prerequisite for a successful transition. However, workplace adaptation is extremely challenging and may affect nurses’ future career prospects if not managed properly. Therefore, we aimed to determine the factors that facilitate newly employed nurses’ adaptation and integration at Ministry of Health (MOH)-run state hospitals in Malaysia. The study framework was derived and adapted from the Roy adaptation model and organisational socialisation theories.MethodsThis quantitative study was conducted from May 2021 to December 2021. The sample population was newly employed nurses working at state hospitals with 1–2 years of service experience. This study involved 496 newly hired nurses from MOH state hospitals. Questionnaires were distributed through Google Forms. The data were analysed using covariance-based structural equation modelling.ResultsThe participants perceived that workplace organisation (OC), academic institution contribution (AIC), and new nurse’s personality traits (PT) contributed approximately 36% to newly employed nurses’ adaptation (NENA). PT partially mediated the relationship between OC and NENA and between AIC and NENA.ConclusionsThe results could be useful to nursing authorities. We also recommend that a nurse’s personality be developed, emphasised, and enhanced through continuous programmes or training to ensure that they can easily adapt to their new working environment. Furthermore, academic institution and work organisation collaboration should be encouraged to develop improvement cycles that facilitate newly employed nurses’ prompt and efficient adaptation at MOH hospitals during transition.

Evaluation of the induction programme for newly qualified radiographers: A survey study

IntroductionThe role of radiographers is continuously expanding and holds a key position in the healthcare system due to the increasing complexity in patient care and support. Therefore, with a rise of demand for increasingly specialized and advanced skills, it is important to provide newly hired professionals with structured induction programs. This study proposes to explore the perceptions of newly qualified radiographers who have already experienced transition into practice. MethodsA survey was distributed to newly qualified radiographers hired in a large university hospital in Italy. The questionnaire includes demographic data, sentences on patient management, decision-making, work organisation, development of self-confidence and relationships with other team members. ResultsThe survey was completed by 22 newly qualified radiographers. Among the participants, 32 % graduated within the last year, and 46 % indicated that they had their first experience in a healthcare setting. Using a 5-point Linkert scale, only 10 out of 29 sentences received a score of 4 or higher, indicating agreement. Sentences on the perception of self-confidence in they work skills after the induction programme show higher scores among participants with more than one work experience, while sentences about support by management show discrepancy favouring participants with no work experience. ConclusionRadiographers included in the study believe they are adequately ready and well prepared for clinical practice after the induction programme, despite some differences between radiographers with different levels of experiences. Implication for practiceA successful induction programme for newly qualified radiographers is crucial for developing a proactive approach, appropriate working methods, positive attitudes and a good work ethic, but also plays a role in reducing stress and worker turnover, ensuring a high quality of patient care.

Improving the Process of Managing Psychosocial Risks in Organizations.

Psychosocial risks (PSRs) are identified as one of the main modern occupational safety issues, primarily related to occupational stress, and need to be reduced to safe levels in accordance with international requirements. The research purpose is to improve the process of managing the PSRs in the occupational safety and health management systems of employees, taking into account the impact of psychosocial dangers in accordance with the requirements of ISO 45001:2018 and ISO 45003:2021 standards. To develop the process of managing the PSRs, a system analysis method is applied, which allows determining the structural relationships between the variable elements of dangerous psychosocial factors described in the ISO 45003:2021 standard. The bow-tie model has been improved to determine the relationship between psychosocial dangers and the dangerous event occurrence - experiencing stress by an employee, taking into account the influence of various dangerous psychosocial factors, which provides for an additional risk level assessment for restoring the health of an employee who has experienced stress. The process of psychosocial risk management consisting of ten steps is proposed, which involves identifying the relationship between psychosocial dangers and consequences for human health, taking into account the impact of various dangerous psychosocial factors based on questionnaires, followed by analysis and processing of the duration and intensity of experiencing stress. To reduce the impact of subjective assessments of the duration and intensity of experiencing stress on the psychosocial risk level, it is proposed to take into account the value of individual perception of experiencing stress (stress resistance) and the employees' health condition. The scientific novelty is to determine the psychosocial risk level as the sum of the risk values from the impact of each dangerous psychosocial factor, which are characteristic of aspects of work organization, social conditions at work, working environment, equipment, dangerous tasks and the level of employee health. The practical value is the development of scales for assessing the impact of dangerous psychosocial factors and a form for documenting the process of managing psychosocial risks with the indication of precautionary measures to control them.

Implementation of 5S, Andon, and Kanban for waste reduction in creative industries (Case study: QRS Batik SME)

Batik SMEs often face challenges in reducing waste, which impacts production efficiency and product quality. This study aims to evaluate the production process at QRS Batik Small Medium Enterprise (SME) using the 5S, Kanban, and Andon methods to minimize seven waste and improve productivity. The 5S method, which includes sort, set in order, shine, standardize, and sustain, was implemented to create a cleaner, more organized, and efficient work environment. Kanban served as a visual tool to optimize communication and manage production flow, especially among hearing and speech-impaired employees. Meanwhile, Andon was implemented to detect and address production issues in real-time, thereby minimizing downtime and maintaining product quality. The findings of this study indicated that the integrated implementation of 5S, Kanban, and Andon effectively reduces waste related to materials, transportation, and waiting time, while significantly improving product quality and production efficiency. This research hopes to serve as a guide for other Batik SMEs in adopting lean manufacturing approaches to enhance competitiveness and maximize effective and efficient resource utilization.

The work organization in teleoperated driving – a human reliability and socio-technical systems perspective

Abstract Very high levels of automation in road traffic are accompanied by the need for teleoperation. If the driverless autonomous vehicle is not able to solve a complex driving situation, then the problem should be solved by a teleoperated intervention by getting a human into the loop. Such a system is highly complex, interacting in a socio-technical system. Therefore, in addition to the empirical research of user-centered development of teleoperated driving, an analytical and systemic approach is crucial in the first place to understand the interrelationships between the subsystems and to optimize a teleoperated driving system. This work provides a base for the systemic consideration by taking two different perspectives focusing on the work organization and vehicle operation dealing with how many vehicles can be monitored and serviced by one operator. First, a brief analytical perspective of human reliability is taken, emphasizing the appropriate definition of the operational design domain and knowledge of its variability. Second, a comprehensive systemic, socio-technical perspective is applied using the functional resonance analysis method (FRAM) for a reflexive and computational purpose highlighting effects on operator workload and traffic performance. Finally, the implications of the research results are discussed and integrated into socio-technical interactions in everyday teleoperated driving between blunt- and sharp-end factors from a safety and reliability perspective to demonstrate the complex leverage of the work organization. Overall, the insights contribute to an enhanced understanding of the complex socio-technical interactions in teleoperated driving.

Methods and tools for game writing and narrative design in professional books from 2019 to 2022

The paper is a review of methods and tools of game writers and narrative designers in video games, as they are presented in nine book- length professional manuals published in 2019–2022. We catalogue the methods in eight areas: characters, world-building, plot structures, dialogues, narrative techniques, integration of story with gameplay, writing and editing, and production and work organisation. We also list software recommended for specific purposes by the authors of these manuals.

11. THE STATUS OF SOCIAL WORK ACTIVITIES AT SOME HOSPITALS IN HANOI 2024

Objectives: Describe the status of social work activities at some hospitals in Hanoi 2024. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study on medical staff working at several hospitals in Hanoi. Data were collected through a toolkit developed based on Circular No. 43/2015/ TT-BYT dated November 26, 2015 of the Minister of Health, regulated the tasks and forms of organization of social work in hospitals. Result: Health workers performed the most activities such as reception (63.6%), communication guidance (44.6%), and hospitalization (43.8%), while home treatment consultation had the lowest rate (22.3%). Service connection was highest for diagnosis and financial support (47.1%), while emergency support had the lowest rate (13.2%). Popular activities included support for discharge procedures (43.8%) and follow-up visits (43%), while the reception rate was lowest (23.1%). At the three hospitals National Cancer, Bach Mai, and National Children's Hospital, the rate of staff who had participated in social work training programs was 39.7%, while 60.3% had not participated. In addition, 64.5% of staff wanted to continue further education, and 35.5% had no need for further education. Conclusion: Medical facilities need to strengthen the organization of intensive and long-term training programs, with special attention to monitoring and counseling for patients after discharge to improve the quality of care. At the same time, it is necessary to add social work graduates to departments and rooms and develop a post-discharge support system to improve the effectiveness of social work in hospitals.

Ergonomic challenges in healthcare: mapping physical load during patient transfers using electromyographic field measurements.

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders are prevalent among healthcare workers. These workers experience high rates of low-back pain; partly due to the high physical demands of patient transfers. Understanding the specific transfer scenarios that contribute to high physical loads is therefore crucial for developing strategies to improve working conditions. This study utilized electromyography to measure muscle activity in the erector spinae muscles during patient transfers, performing measurements in real-life hospital settings to identify the physical load associated with different transfer scenarios. Using linear mixed models, the 95th percentile ranks of the normalized root mean square (nRMS) values were analyzed for a range of different patient transfers. The results revealed significant differences in physical load across various patient transfer scenarios. High-load activities included sitting to lying down or lying down to sitting (nRMS 32.7, 95% CI: 28.9-36.6) and lifting the upper body (32.4, 95% CI: 28.8-35.9), while low-load activities such as supporting patients while walking or standing (21.9, 95% CI: 18.6-25.1) and mobilizing in bed (19.9, 95% CI: 16.1-23.8) required less muscle activation. Moderate-load activities included bed to chair transfers (28.1, 95% CI: 24.9-31.3) and lifting the head (26.3, 95% CI: 22.7-29.9). Understanding the physical load associated with different patient transfer scenarios allows for better organization of work in healthcare settings. These novel findings emphasize the need for effective task allocation, rotational schedules, and the use of assistive devices to distribute physical load and reduce injury risk.

SUBJECTIVE MOBILIZATION IN THE WORK OF POPULAR CULTURE ARTISTS

The peculiarities of subjective mobilization in the work of popular artists are examined. It is based on the psychodynamics of work and the power to act from Spinoza's perspective. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with artists who work with clay, wood, and oil on canvas. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed. It was found that the peculiarities of subjective mobilization are revealed from the specificity of the act of making art itself. As a work, making art reveals a subjective mobilization through complex and permanent psychic elaboration, not to account for the organization of work, but to create. It is concluded that subjective mobilization is not to face suffering and transform it into pleasure; but rather, a joy of living for art.

Strategic Management for Social Work Organizations in the Digital Age

Strategic Management for Social Work Organizations in the Digital Age

Psychological and Pedagogical Determinants of the Professional Training of Future Physical Education Teachers for Organisation of Physical Education and Mass Participation Work in General Secondary Education Institutions

Psychological and Pedagogical Determinants of the Professional Training of Future Physical Education Teachers for Organisation of Physical Education and Mass Participation Work in General Secondary Education Institutions

Sex Workers’ Psychodynamics of Work

Objective: The research aims to analyze the contextual dimensions that permeate the experiences of sex workers in nightclubs through the lens of Psychodynamics of Work. Theoretical Framework: The choice of the Psychodynamics of Work aims to expand its application field by providing new insights into the relationship between the work context of sex workers and their health and/or illness perspectives. This approach views work as a central element in human life, recognizing its constitutive role in the identity of individuals, with a significant influence on their subjectivity. Method: This is a descriptive and qualitative research, the semi-structured interview was the chosen tool for data collection. The research field was the work context of female workers in nightclubs. The data were analyzed using Bardin’s Content Analysis, with a specific focus on the enunciation analysis technique. Results and Discussion: The results indicate variations in the quality of working conditions, work organization, and social relations within the work context of sex workers in nightclubs. Research Implications: It is crucial to address these issues and give visibility to this work context, promoting a better understanding of the experiences surrounding this labor activity. Originality/Value: This study also reinforces the connection between Business Administration and studies on human-work relationship in non-traditional sectors, demonstrating the potential of administrative science to broadly address issues of objectivity and subjectivity in work.

Infographic text as a tool for organizing Russian-language educational discourse

Importance. The significance of the subject matter arises from the potential for organizing effec tive foreign language communication based on contemporary methods of educational materials’ visual representation, one of which is infographic – a relevant, authentic material that presents in formation in a concise and comprehensible form, integrating verbal and non-verbal elements.Materials and Methods. The following methods are used: analysis of academic research on the infographic text application in teaching foreign languages and practical experience generalization with the use of such materials in Russian as a foreign language. The research materials included academic papers that provided methodological justification for the infographics use as well as infographic materials available online and personal experience gained from utilizing infographic texts within the educational process.Results and Discussion. Based on the material analysis results on the topic, it is concluded that there is a significant potential for using infographic text with supporting structures in Russian as a foreign language teaching. In this regard, the theoretical knowledge necessary for a teacher to or ganize productive speech activity in a foreign language is described: the main stages of organizing work with infographics, the requirements for the of infographics content are listed.Conclusions. Infographic texts are valuable methodological material in teaching foreign lan guages, around which a foreign language educational discourse is built. Methodically, the tradi tional pre-text, pre-text and post-text tasks for working with the educational text should be orga nized competently. Here, support structures are important, which stimulate speech activity, con tributing to the effective work organization on the oral and written speech production based on a given algorithm.

DIGITAL SUPPORT OF STUDENTS’ JOINT ACTIONS IN INTRODUCTION TO THE CONCEPT’S ORIGIN: THE CASE OF PROPORTIONALITY

Our primary school module with the digital support “Inks” was designed following V.V. Davydov’s idea on the assembling sets context as crucial for number concept formation. Making-sets task and the mixture problem scaffold the initial steps towards proportional reasoning, which is known to be diffi cult for students. The learning situation revolves around purposeful transformations of the inks shade towards the one desired, with a variety of tasks’ conditions: restrictions on the available amount of water and inks, some ready-made mixtures provided, etc. The substantial feature of our instruction was the organization of joint work through distribution of the operations on paint components. The necessity of some preliminary coordination between partners is posed by the real-life restrictions: once water and inks have been mixed, they cannot be separated back. The computer simulation adheres to this “rule” and makes students refer to the special modeling space and plan their operations on water and inks beforehand using tokens. The divergence of results, predicted by students through tokens placement, and the real color shade, obtained in computer simulation, sets the learning task and emphasizes the problem of coordination between partners’ actions within the modeling space. As students start to rely on the portion-by-portion counting, they succeed on the fi rst try: the stain of their new paint, prepared with the different amounts of components, merges with the sample mixture.  second-graders from an urban school (– years old) participated in the experimental teaching series, the video-taped classroom discussions, computer logs and written works were analyzed in order to assess students’ conceptual thinking development. Students’ constant success in tasks and the development of their modeling means functionality proved the computer support, which we have designed, to be relevant in several aspects: problematization and feedback, enabling simultaneous partners’ work, providing substantial tasks variations

Olive growing in the Sorrento Peninsula: Operative, economic, and environmental evaluation trough LCA of mechanical harvesting

Optimizing high-productivity farming techniques trough mechanization and lower workforce input in terraced olive groves is helpful to preserve local olive oil production, reducing costs and preserving ecosystem functionality. However, efficient work organisation should be provided. Moreover, mechanization can affect environmental sustainability. In this paper operative, economic and environmental performances of four olive harvesting techniques are reported; experimentations were performed in an olive grove in the Sorrento Peninsula (NA) during 2022–2023 productive seasons. Mechanized techniques (Harvesting technique 1 and Harvesting technique 4) performed highest working capacities (159.01 kg h−1 and 200.51 kg h−1) and the lowest unitary costs (630.00 € ha−1 for Harvesting technique 2 and 840.00 € ha−1 for harvesting technique 4), whereas environmental performances were the worst (266.30 kg CO2 eq and 252.59 kg CO2 eq) due to diesel intakes. Thus, their applications are helpful, but morphological or agronomic boundaries may affect their effectiveness in other areas. Among aided methods, Harvesting technique 1 overcame Harvesting technique 3 in any aspect (91.01 kg h−1 vs 76.13 kg h−1: 1822.09 € ha−1 vs 2793.80 € ha−1; 33.01 kg CO2 eq vs 127.21 kg CO2 eq); the absence of diesel inputs in harvesting technique 1 and its superior work capacity explain the environmental impact differences. Thus, the former may be adopted in farms where slope and irregular shape hinder mechanized harvest. Life Cycle Assessment dataset may be helpful to perform similar analysis in other Italian olive oil supply chains.