Institutional Work Research Articles

ASSESSMENT OF THE COMPETENCE APPROACH OF DENTISTS OF VARIOUS SPECIALTIES IN PROVIDING MEDICAL CARE TO PATIENTS WITH INCREASED TOOTH ABRASION

BACKGROUND. This study examines the main aspects of the competence-based approach of dentists in the treatment of patients with increased tooth erasure (TSL). TSL is a serious problem that can lead to various diseases of the oral cavity, as well as tooth loss. The competence-based approach of dentists in the treatment of patients with TSL plays a key role in the prevention and treatment of this disease. A study examining the knowledge of dentists in providing care to patients with TSL will reveal the level of training of specialists in this field. This will allow us to assess the need for additional training and advanced training of dentists for the effective treatment of patients with TSL. The results of the study can be used to improve the work of dental institutions and educational programs for dentists. This will improve the quality of dental care, improve the prognosis of the disease in patients with TSL and reduce the risk of complications. AIM. To evaluate the knowledge of dental care for patients with increased tooth abrasion among dentists of different specialties. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The research is based on the results of a sociological survey using the questionnaire method of 175 dentists of different specialties. The survey of doctors was conducted according to the questionnaire developed by the authors "Assessment of professional competence in the tactics of managing patients with TSL by dentists of different profiles." The questionnaire included general information about the respondent (age, specialty), questions related to TSL (concept, complaints, symptoms, prevention of TSL, treatment), assessment of the questionnaire procedure. RESULTS. The study demonstrated a relatively low competence approach of dentists of various specialties in the prevention and treatment of patients with TSL. CONCLUSION: Dentists have demonstrated a low competence approach to the prevention and treatment of TSL. The lack of interaction between dentists in the treatment of TSL was determined. The results of the conducted sociological study, along with the high prevalence of TSL, determined the need to develop clinical recommendations for the prevention and treatment of TSL.

Making international institutions work: the politics of performance

Making international institutions work: the politics of performance

Institutional work and institutional entrepreneurship in the Ontario craft beer industry

Abstract This paper explores how Ontario’s craft brewers created new as well as disrupted and changed existing institutions at local and regional levels in the province’s beer industry. Using a relational economic geography framework and a markets-as-practices perspective, this study highlights the brewer’s collaborative and pro-social practices, showing how close inter-firm relations and engagement with local communities resulted in resource mobilization such as better access to financial capital and greater social capital, which mobilized public support for the industry, and ultimately which helped individual and collective institutional work efforts succeed. The findings are significant as they show how actors in the industry overcame the constraints imposed on them in an oligopolistic market dominated by multinational firms. It also posits craft brewers acted individually at a local scale as institutional entrepreneurs, revisiting criticisms around this concept. This research contributes to understanding how localized market actors can achieve broader institutional change and offers insights into the relationship between market practices and institutional work, including entrepreneurship in craft industries.

Examining The Challenges for First-Year Early Childhood Educators

Early childhood education is a crucial period in a child's development, and the challenges faced by educators in their first year of profession can have a significant impact on the quality of education provided. Despite its importance, there is limited research on the specific difficulties faced by early childhood educators in Malaysia during their first year in the early childhood field. This qualitative study aims to explore the challenges faced by early childhood educators in their first year of work in various educational institutions in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The research uses focus group discussions, online surveys, and individual interviews to gather valuable insights from educators who have recently completed or exceeded their first year in the early childhood field. By examining their personal experiences and perspectives, this study seeks to shed light on the challenges and obstacles faced by early childhood educators during this critical period of their careers. The results of this research will contribute to improving the quality of early childhood education by identifying potential interventions to support and enhance the professional development of educators in this area.

PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN AND GIRLS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF NATURAL SCIENCES IN TASHKENT CITY STATE HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

This article sheds light on the invaluable contribution to science of some of the most mature women scientists working in the state higher education institutions in the field of agriculture and biology in Uzbekistan. Through a comprehensive analysis of their research, innovation, and experience, it sheds light on their remarkable achievements in the face of social challenges. Today, important initiatives are being put forward in the academic circles of the country to increase the place and position of women, to educate the new generation of young women scientists, and to encourage their promising projects. Ensuring gender equality in various aspects of public life, including in the field of education and science, is one of the priorities of the internal political concept of Uzbekistan. It aims to recognize the important role of women in the development of these areas by studying the historical context, current situation, problems and future prospects.

Research on Big Data Capability and Medical Service Performance

With the rapid development of information technology, Big data technology has been widely applied in various fields.In the field of medical services, Big data capabilities not only help improve the efficiency and quality of medical services, but also promote the innovative development of the medical industry.This article deeply analyzes the connotation of Big data capabilities and their application in improving medical service performance, and combines the practical work of large-scale general hospitals and community medical service institutions to analyze the specific value and application effect of Big data in medical service practice. At the same time, based on medical reform, it summarizes the challenges, coping strategies, and development trends of Big data in medical service performance practice, with the ultimate goal of providing reference and guidance for practical work.

Formation and Training of the Staff of Preschool Institutions in Western Siberia in the 1920s–1930s

The article analyzes the process of formation and training of personnel for preschool institutions in Western Siberia in 1920–1930s. Based on the use of archival materials, the process of training preschool workers in 1920–1930s is characterized, the key points of work in kindergartens in cities and villages of Western Siberia in accordance with the goals of state policy in the specified period are determined. A comprehensive analysis of methodological recommendations and materials for work in preschool institutions allowed to identify the main directions of professional training of teachers. The aim of the article is to reveal the process of formation and training of the staff of preschool institutions in Western Siberia in 1920–1930s. Methodology. The methodological basis of the research was formed by a set of general scientific principles, among which the leading place belongs to: the principles of dialectics, historicism, objectivity, integrity of approach in the process of studying and evaluating the revealed facts, the systematic nature of the phenomena and processes under consideration; the principles of scientific and pedagogical research. The historical-system method contributed to the consideration of the functioning of preschool institutions as a single integrated system within the framework of the relationship “kindergarten – pedagogical staff”. Results of the study. The conclusion is made that the process of formation of staff composition of preschool institutions in Western Siberia in 1920-1930 was influenced by the following factors. The organization of kindergarten staff training consisted of short-term courses, which began to open actively from the early 1920s in the cities of Western Siberia. The system of short-term courses could not always correspond to the actual work in kindergartens. Despite the active development of the network of preschool institutions by the 1930s, kindergartens still needed more professional staff.

Unlocking the Potential of the Decolonial Approach in Migration Studies

ABSTRACTBased on a bibliometric analysis of Scopus‐indexed articles on decolonial research on migration from Social Science disciplines this article outlines the main topics covered by the sampled literature, namely: (1) the academic migration as framed by the internationalization discourse in higher education; (2) migrants' social movements and their transnational dimension; (3) gender and age in decolonial studies of migration; (4) the ways in which intersectionality shapes migrants' experiences through their class, race, gender and sexual orientation; and (5) critique of humanitarian discourse regarding refugees and asylum seekers. The article shows that type of literature first emerged in 2010 and significantly increased after 2020. Likewise, the geographic distribution of the knowledge production in this field highlights the uneven contributions by various countries and regions. Moreover, this picture is further complicated by the biographies of authors who, in many instances, are academic migrants coming from different national backgrounds in the Global South to work in higher education institutions in the Global North. The article ends with suggestions for further developments of the decolonial approach in the study of migration.

Modern regulatory documents providing the work of dental institutions in the today’s conditions

Dentistry actually already functions as a separate sub-branch of health care, which corresponds to the practice of most European countries. The state of war dictates to the entire health care system new approaches in the work of providing medical, particularly dental, care. There is still no unified regulatory document in Ukraine that would fully provide the activities of dental institutions or standardize internal documents, and this creates new challenges for dentists in today’s conditions.

Narrating the Client: How stories of parental influence impact teacher professionalism

Abstract This article examines how teachers engage in symbolic institutional work to address client influence, and how this impacts teacher professionalism. The study delves into an intriguing empirical field, using the Swedish school system as an illustrative case for studying the development of professionalism within a highly marketized context. The research employed interviews, observations, and shadowing, enabling a deeper understanding of the symbolic institutional work in a complex institutional environment where market and professional logic collide. The findings demonstrate how teachers utilize a narrative of a threatening and demanding client, which helps them distance themselves from market logic and resist adapting to it in their professionalism. However, there are also indications of a different narrative, where some teachers embrace and integrate client influence as a natural part of their professionalism. Additionally, there is also a form of ambivalence, where teachers are moving between different narratives. By investigating how professionals engage in these narratives, the article provides insights into understudied dimensions within the concept of professionalism. While the existence of different narratives highlights the complexity and fragility of institutional work, the inclination towards distancing from clients illustrates a preservation of traditional professionalism rather than a shift towards the ‘new professionalism’ described in previous literature.

Generative artificial intelligence application enhancement in educational activities

In recent years, there has been an active introduction of artificial intelligence in education (AIEd). Recently, one of the most popular AI tools — ChatGPT — is an example of a generative AI technologies, which create new content (different types of text, image, audio, video) in response to a user’s request. On the example of ChatGPT, the article considers the possibilities of using AI in various spheres of educational activity and the ways of increasing its efficiency with the help of generative technologies. To structure the ways of interaction with ChatGPT during its integration into the educational process, the COST model, which describes the receipt and exchange of information in the learning process, is used. In order to utilize the capabilities of ChatGPT more fully and to compensate for its shortcomings, it is necessary to formulate appropriate queries, for example, using a concept tree. In addition, it is necessary to formulate queries in such a way that the concept under investigation is concretized as much as possible. As an example, the article presents fragments of the developed concept tree representing the composition of educational activity and interrelations between its elements, which can be the basis for making queries to a chatbot. The quality of the query response is determined by the completeness of the input information. The results of the research presented in the article will help to get more accurate and relevant answers to queries in the practical application of ChatGPT in the daily work of an educational institution by students and teachers as well as other stakeholders who are involved in the organization of the learning process.

Results of research work on forming the readiness of future bachelors of physical culture and sports to provide pre-medical care

The article is devoted to the problem of forming the readiness of future bachelor’s of physical culture and sports to provide pre-medical care in the conditions of the educational process of a higher education institution. Readiness to provide pre-medical care is presented as a professional quality that ensures the compliance of future bachelor’s of physical culture and sports with the requirements of professional activity in situations of injuries and emergencies in athletes and consumers of physical culture and sports services. Based on the analysis of scientific sources, it has been proven that the issue of preparing future bachelor’s of physical culture and sports to provide pre-medical care is insufficiently developed. On this basis, a conclusion was made about the expediency of conducting a scientific study aimed at checking the effectiveness of innovative approaches and means of teaching students of the specialty 017 "Physical culture and sports" actions in situations of injuries and emergencies in the course of professional activity. The research work on checking the effectiveness of innovative methodological developments in training students to provide pre-medical assistance in professional activities is described. In particular, this characteristic is: dependent and independent variables; experimental and control samples; research design; methods of data collection, including a knowledge test, situational tasks, simulation tasks for providing pre-medical assistance in typical situations of sports activities). The results of research work in experimental and control institutions of higher education are highlighted. Cross-tabulation of data and histograms of their distribution, results of data comparison according to the Mann- Whitney test are presented. On the basis of the interpretation of the results of the research work, a conclusion was formulated about the effectiveness of the author's methodical studies in the context of the formation of the readiness of future bachelors of physical culture and sports to provide pre-medical care.

Get organized? Creating an organizational context for civil society activities in urban sustainability transitions

The paper addresses tensions in organizing civil society activities in urban sustainability transitions. It argues that these activities need focus to be impactful while also demanding flexibility to remain adaptive. The latter can hardly be achieved by individual organizations alone but requires closer examination of the ecology of organizations in which civil society actors operate. This paper contributes to the literature on the governance of urban sustainability by systematically analyzing this organizational context and its long-term dynamics. Adopting a neo-institutional lens, the paper scrutinizes civil society activities with the ‘institutional work’ approach and sheds light on how the organizational context enables changes therein. The longitudinal case study of the Local Agenda 21 in Augsburg reveals, via a mixed-method approach, how civil society actors navigate tensions by altering their organizational context. Increasing its diversity and complexity in a bottom-up process allowed them to engage in more transformative work.

Harmony in Dispute: The Role of Anywaa's Traditional Institutions in Conflict Resolution

This paper explores the traditional institutions and conflict resolution mechanisms among the Anywaa community, shedding light on their intricate structures and practices. The Anywaa people, located in Ethiopia and South Sudan, have developed indigenous governance systems centered on institutions such as Nyieya (nobleship), Kwaaro (headmanship), and the spiritual leadership of Nyibur, along with family councils. These institutions play vital roles in maintaining social order and resolving conflicts within the community. The study elucidates the processes of conflict resolution, involving mediation by various officials and councils within the traditional governance system. Whether dealing with inter-village disputes, intra-village conflicts, or homicide cases, the Anywaa employ a combination of customary practices and indigenous knowledge to address conflicts effectively. The involvement of neutral parties underscores the community's commitment to fair and just resolution processes. Furthermore, the research highlights the significance of compensation and purification rituals in restoring harmony and reconciliation within the community. Through restitution and traditional ceremonies, the Anywaa aim to mend relationships and reintegrate offenders back into society, emphasizing the importance of forgiveness and community cohesion. Overall, the findings contribute to a deeper understanding of indigenous governance systems and their relevance in contemporary society. By documenting the intricate workings of traditional institutions and conflict resolution practices among the Anywaa people, the research underscores the importance of preserving and respecting indigenous knowledge for sustainable peace and social cohesion in diverse cultural contexts.

Creative futures for cultural heritage: a typology of creative practice in the GLAM sector – towards a creative heritage approach

ABSTRACT This article seeks to develop a non-prescriptive typology of creative practice and its role in GLAM (Galleries, Libraries, Archives and Museums) institutions through an examination of published research. Highlighting key issues and perspectives on integration and intent in each approach it examines practice through five categories: (1) demonstration; (2) programmed performance; (3) historically informed creativity and performance; (4) institutional preservation of creativity; and, (5) creative heritage. The first four categories subsume creativity as reproduction, in the pursuit of claims to originality or use GLAM spaces as a simple stage or backdrop. Creative heritage, on the other hand, is characterised by the use of creativity as an integrated practice that intentionally produces integrated and authentic outcomes allied to the repertoire and work of GLAM institutions. We conclude with suggestions about how creative innovation offers opportunities for institutions to meet and enhance strategic priorities and overcome challenges to sustainability relative to a wider cultural economy.

Navigating Cross-Cultural Challenges: A Phenomenological Study on Strategies for International Faculty in Higher Education to Support Local Students

Dealing with local challenges and providing effective support for students as an international faculty member can be both challenging and rewarding. This phenomenological study delved into the intricate dynamics of cross-cultural encounters within higher education settings, focusing on the experiences of international faculty in supporting local students. Using semi-structured focus group meetings, the researchers explored how their lived experiences as full‐time international faculty working in institutions of higher learning in the United States could be applied in providing support for students. This process required intricate navigation to acquire some level of cultural understanding of the local culture and traditions and build relationships with native faculty, staff, and students. The study was based on firsthand experiences of how the authors, international scholars from various parts of the world, navigated through these hurdles to become effective educators. The researchers constructed generalizations, noting that the institutions whose policies include embracing cultural diversity, fostering inclusivity, and providing targeted support are better positioned to enable their international faculty members to address local challenges and empower students to succeed effectively.

Ensuring quality higher education in Ukraine in times of war

This study focuses on exploring the issue of ensuring quality higher education in the conditions of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. It synthesizes and analyzes literature sources, legal documents, secondary data, original (survey) data, and the author’s experiences with enhancing the quality of higher education. Using analysis of the legal documents, such as the National Doctrine of the Development of Education, the Law of Ukraine ‘On education’, and the Law of Ukraine ‘On higher education’, I study the legal framework for Ukrainian higher education. Using secondary data obtained from online sources, I find irrefutable evidence of mass destruction from Russian military aggression on educational institutions of Ukraine and the educational process in general, and specific initiatives from the Ukrainian state, Ukrainian universities, and international institutions to support the Ukrainian higher education system in wartime conditions. Using original data collected through surveys, I present first-hand information on the processes of changes in higher education in Ukraine under the conditions of Russia’s ongoing military aggression and the issue of ensuring quality higher education through the prism of the experience of students at the Ivan Franko National University of Lviv. Using the author’s personal teaching experience in the implementation of joint global classrooms, I analyze the possibilities of developed partnerships for motivating students and ensuring quality higher education in the conditions of war. Based on the analysis and synthesis of secondary data, I identify the main responses of the higher education system of Ukraine which enable it to maintain the quality of higher education as the realization of the Sustainable Development Goals during the war, namely (i) improvement and wider implementation of an online education system; (ii) organization of work of higher education institutions relocated from the occupied territories to territories controlled by Ukraine; (iii) support of international institutions; and (iv) partnership programmes with partner universities. The analysis of the results of the survey of students highlighted that the top priority of a Ukrainian university during wartime should be the safety of all participants in the educational and research process and high-quality education, and the most serious problems that create obstacles to ensuring the quality of education are the distressed psychological states of the participants in the educational process and organizational issues in the conditions of military aggression. By analyzing the experience of the implementation of joint global classrooms format, I also highlight that this format can be an effective additional measure in motivating students and ensuring the quality of higher education in the difficult conditions of war, and a developed partnership plays a crucial role in its implementation.

Institutional Work in Global Supply Chains: Insights from Agri-Food Supply Chains

Institutional Work in Global Supply Chains: Insights from Agri-Food Supply Chains

Institutional Work and the Creation of New Organizational Forms in Contested Fields

Institutional Work and the Creation of New Organizational Forms in Contested Fields

Exploring Performativity in Institutional Work: Towards a Strong Process Framework

Exploring Performativity in Institutional Work: Towards a Strong Process Framework