Work Interference Research Articles

충돌 혹은 고양(高揚)?: 일-가정 관계가 여성 관리자의 조직몰입에 미치는 영향

여성의 사회진출과 노동참여가 활발해지면서 개인이 겪는 일-가정 갈등(Work Family Conflict; WFC)이 늘어나고 있다. 일-가정간 관계(relationship)에 관한 연구는 증가추세이나 다수의 연구는 이를 갈등(conflict)의 관점에서 다루고 있어 일-가정 관계 유형의 다양화와 관점의 다각화가 필요하다. 이 연구는 일-가정 관계를 방향(일→가정 vs. 가정→일)과 효과(긍정 vs. 부정)에 따라 일-가정충돌(Work Interference with Family), 가정-일 충돌(Family Interference with Work), 일-가정 고양(Work Enhancement with Family), 가정-일 고양(Family Enhancement with Work)의 네 가지로 구분하고 각 유형이 여성 관리자의 정서적 조직몰입에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 분석하였다. 연구결과 충돌(interference) 관계는 정서적 조직몰입에 유의미한 영향을 미치지 않았으나 고양(enhancement) 관계는 모두 정서적 조직몰입에 유의미한 정(+)의 영향력을 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 가정-일 고양보다 일-가정 고양이 정서적 조직몰입에 더욱 큰 영향력을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 이 연구의 결과는 이론적으로 일-가정 관계 개념의 다각화 필요성을 환기하고 일-가정 관계의 동학(dynamics)의 중요성을 부각하였다. 나아가 직무 외적 요인인 가정(family) 요소가 직무내적 요인인 정서적 조직몰입에 긍정적 영향을 미칠 수 있다는 전이효과를 확인함으로써 공공부문의 여성관리자를 위한 정책적 함의를 제시하였다.

Full circle support: unpacking the relationship between women entrepreneurs’ family-to-work support and work interference with family

Full circle support: unpacking the relationship between women entrepreneurs’ family-to-work support and work interference with family

Not up to the task: perceptions of women and men with work-family conflicts

ABSTRACT Conversations about work-family conflict are commonplace. However, most of the conversation is based on how individuals can best manage work and family demands. Little is known about how others perceive and react towards individuals who go through this experience. Building on theories of social evaluation and stereotype maintenance, we hypothesized that due to gender stereotypes, which prescribe the ideal woman as highly invested in family and the ideal man as highly invested in work, women who experience work interference with family (WIF) and men who experience family interference with work (FIW) would elicit negative reactions. Results of three experimental studies (N Study1 = 569; N Study2 = 299; N Study3 = 275) and a field study (N = 219) provided only limited evidence for this assumption. However, they consistently showed across all four studies that both men and women who experience FIW were systematically judged and treated less favourably compared to employees with WIF, by observers and their supervisors, on several work-related dimensions (agency, dominance, respect, promotability, work performance, reward allocations). However, they were judged to be the better parents. We discuss the implications of our findings for work-family conflict research.

Acquaintance stalking victim experiences of work interference, resource loss, and help-seeking

Stalking victimization, regardless of victim–stalker relationship, has been associated with negative consequences including high fear levels, mental health problems, and resource losses. Much of the research on stalking has focused on (ex)partner stalking victim experiences and consequences; however, many women are stalked by acquaintances. This is one of the first studies to examine acquaintance stalking victims who did ( n = 140) and who did not ( n = 222) experience negative work consequences from stalking victimization. Results found that just over half of the acquaintance stalking victims indicated the stalker was someone from work or school. Overall, many acquaintance stalking victims regardless of work losses experienced work interference, although those with work losses experienced increased work interference and job performance problems. Additionally, stalking victims with negative work consequences experienced more stalking threats, life interference, more non-work-related resource losses, and had higher stalking-related fear levels than victims without work losses. Regardless of group, stalking victims lost an average of nine different resources other than work losses, and resource losses were associated with current negative mental health symptoms and help-seeking. Help-seeking, outside of friends or family, even though they endured stalking for an average of almost 2 years, was low for all of the victims. However, acquaintance stalking victims with work losses sought help from more sources on average. Implications from this study suggest that safety at work should be a primary concern for all types of stalking victims, and workplace policies should consider stalking as a separate category of victimization.

The Relationship between Workplace Well-being and Burnout Among Healthcare Professionals in Medika Utama Clinic Sidoarjo during the COVID-19 Pandemic

This research aimed to identify the relationship between workplace well-being and burnout among the healthcare professionals in Medika Utama Clinic Sidoarjo during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research was conducted by implementing a quantitative approach and correlational research design. Purposive sampling was conducted and 34 subjects were selected. The instrument used in this research was the adaptation scale, and the first scale was the Multidimensional Workplace Well-being Questionnaire obtained from Black Dog Institute, while the validity value on this scale is in the range of .536 - .810. The second scale, namely Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), has a validity value on this scale with a range of .441 – .792 and a reliability of .922 by using the Likert scale. The hypothesis test revealed that there was a relationship between workplace well-being and burnout (.020). Moreover, the Multidimensional Workplace Well-being Questionnaire result indicated that there is no relationship between job satisfaction and burnout (.126), the organization’s respect (towards employees) and burnout (.059), the company’s concern (to employees) and burnout. (.137), but there is a relationship between work interference (with employees’ personal lives) and burnout (.003). In order to avoid burnout, the organization must concern with the work interferences which influence the personal lives of the employees.
 Keywords: workplace well-being, burnout, healthcare professionals

The impact of work interference with family on depressive symptoms among married working women: A longitudinal panel study.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of work interference with family (WIF) on depressive symptoms among married working women. Data from 2014‒2018 of the Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women and Families were used. Only married women living with their husbands and wage workers were included, whereas those diagnosed with depression at the baseline year and those with missing values were excluded. A total of 1,504 individuals were included as the study population. The impact of WIF on depressive symptoms was analyzed using the generalized estimating equation model with a logit link. After adjusting for all the potential confounding variables, it was found that WIF had an effect on depressive symptoms. Women whose work interfered with their family were 1.58 times more likely to experience depressive symptoms than those who did not experience WIF (95% Confidence interval (CI): 1.30‒1.92). WIF due to irregular working hours had the highest odds ratio for depression (Adjusted odds ratio (OR): 2.01, 95% CI: 1.32‒3.08). Women with WIF were more likely to develop depressive symptoms when they had two or more children (With 2 children, Adjusted OR: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.31‒2.18; With 3 or more children, Adjusted OR: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.07-2.49). Thus, married working women who experienced WIF were found to be at a higher risk of developing depressive symptoms. Therefore, considering how prevailing stereotypes that roles of men and women are separated can harm women's mental health, policy measures should be implemented to ensure women's quality of life based on the work-family balance.

How does caring for patients affect work interference with life in nurses? A daily diary study.

How does caring for patients affect work interference with life in nurses? A daily diary study.

Work-Family Conflict Affect Employee Performance During The Covid-19 In Jakarta

The pandemic has the consequence of increasing workers working from home or WFH. A WFH as a new working style creates problems for workers because they have to concentrate on separating work and family interests. Workers will focus more on work in the office so that distractions from family interests are minor.
 This study aims to determine the effect of work-family conflict during WFH during the COVID-19 pandemic in Jakarta. The quantitative methods were conducted by distributing questionnaires to married employees who have children, have or are currently experiencing WFH (work from home), and work locations in Jakarta. The technique of processing data using the SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) method using the Smart PLS 3.0 tool. The sample was 114 respondents with a significant level used of 5%.
 Work-Family conflict is divided into Work Interference, Family and Family Interference Work. The results of this study indicate that the influence of Work Interference Family and Family Interference Work negatively affects employee performance. A statistical test of all hypotheses supports it.
 WFH is an increasingly developing type of working during a pandemic, which has led to Work-Family conflicts, both in terms of work (WIF) and family (FIW) regarding their performance. From these results, it is interesting to investigate whether the same thing will happen if the type of work is work from the office (WFO).

Differential Relationships Between Work-Life Interface Constructs and Intention to Stay in or Leave the Profession: Evidence From Midwives in Canada.

This paper investigates how positive and negative work-personal life interface constructs are differentially associated with intentions to stay in or leave the profession. The findings help map work-personal life interface constructs on the typology of determinants of intention to stay and intention to leave (disengagers, retainers, criticals, and neutrals). The ordered logistic regression (ologit) modelling of cross-sectional data from a representative sample (n = 601) of midwives in Canada shows that work interference with personal life is a disengager, which has a stronger association with intention to leave than with intention to stay in the profession. Among the work-personal life interface constructs, work enhancement of personal life seems to be the most critical determinant, showing the most substantive association with both intention to stay and intention to leave. This finding suggests that interventions to increase midwives' intention to stay and decrease their intention to leave should focus on amplifying the enhancing effects of working on midwives' personal lives. Interventions that aim to reduce work interference with personal life might be more effective in decreasing intention to leave the profession than increasing intention to stay.

How Work-Family Guilt, Involvement with Children and Spouse's Support Influence Parents' Life Satisfaction in a Context of Work-Family Conflict.

Work-family guilt (WFG) is sometimes perceived as an adaptive characteristic, since it has been found to encourage working parents to engage in more activities with their children in off-work time (Cho & Allen, 2012). However, while it may be an adaptive characteristic for the parent-child relationship, the same may not be true for parents’ psychological health. Using insights from the work-home resources model (W-HR), this study aims to determine WFG’s influence on parents’ life satisfaction. This study also investigates if parents’ belief regarding the investment of their spouse in recreational activities with their children is a resource that could foster their life satisfaction. A cross-sectional design was used with a sample of 289 working parents with at least one child aged between 5 and 10. A path analysis shows a significant moderated mediation model. Parent-child activities were found to partially mediate the relationship between strain-based work interference with family and parents’ life satisfaction. Furthermore, WFG moderated this mediation. Specifically, it worsened the detrimental effect of doing fewer parent-child activities on parents’ life satisfaction. Results also show that a spouse’s investment in activity with their child is a resource that motivates parents to invest more in their children and directly contributes to parents’ life satisfaction.

ANALISIS WORK LIFE BALANCE PADA FREELANCER

Abstract: This research has objective to identify the general perspective of person which has role as both freelancer and head of family based on work life balance dimension. This research is applied descriptive method with qualitative approachment. The ways to determine informant is used purposive sampling method consist of key informant, which has role as freelancer and head of family, key informant’s wife, and key informant’s co-workers. Researcher using interview, observation, and documentation for collect the data. Furthermore, researcher using data triangulation to check the validity of the result. The result of this research shows that key informant has not been able to balance himself in terms of WIPL (Work Interference with Personal Life).Keyword: Worl Life Balace, Freelancer

HUBUNGAN ANTARA KEPRIBADIAN PROAKTIF DAN DIMENSIDIMENSI WORK-LIFE BALANCE PADA PERAWAT

Nurses have an important role in their work, namely providing nursing care regarding the health and life of their patients. Apart from having a role in nursing work, they also have other roles outside of the work that must be undertaken. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between proactive personal ity and work-life balance dimensions of nurses. The sample used was 170 nurses in East Jakarta using accidental sampling method. The work-life balance variable is measured by a work-life balance scale from Fisher, Bulger and Smith (2009) which consists of four dimensions, namely work interference with personal life, personal life interference with work, personal life enhancement of work and work enhancement of personal life. Proactive personality variables were measured using the proactive personality scale from Bateman & Crant (1993). The analysis technique used in this research is Pearson Product Moment. The results of the calculation of Pearson Product Moment analysis techniques show that there is a significant positive relationship between proactive personality with the dimensions of work interference with personal life (r = 0.236), personal life enhancement of work (r = 0.462) and the dimensions of work enhancement of personal life (r = 0.559). There is a significant negative relationship between proactive personality and dimensions of personal life interference with work (r = -0.153)

Family Care-Work Interference and Mid/Late-Career Motivation and Intentions: Mediating Role of Occupational Future Time Perspective

The combination of work and family obligations can lead to two-way interference, resulting in Family Care Interference with Work (FCIW) and Work Interference with Family Care (WIFC). Both can impact late career motivation and intentions to continue working or retire and reduce their occupational time perspective (OFTP). Through two studies, this paper shows how OFTP mediates the relationship between FCIW/WIFC and mid and late career indicators such as early retirement intentions and motivation to continue working beyond the retirement age. Our findings contribute to increasing knowledge of how increasing family caregiving obligations may impact the career intentions of working carers in their mid and late career stages.

Superwomen: Battles of Work-Family

The purpose of this paper to examine the influence of work characteristics and family characteristics towards interference in work and interference in family amongst working Indonesian women.The data for this study were collected using questionnaire directed towards working women who are still holding family related roles. A total of 209 respondents was used in this study. Data analysis was done using Structural Equation Modelling approach using the help of SPPS AMOS. The study found that work characteristics and family characteristics all influence work interference family and family interference with work. In addition, the support of family, partner, network, and other services plays at a significant moderate to either affect positively or negatively towards work interference to family or family interference to work. The study's findings showcased women are involved in the gig economy, when like in the case due the pandemic, many women jump into work for additional income for their households. With working women awareness towards work interference with family, workplaces for women should need to put in place policies that would not let the work compete to her priorities in family. The study showcased that there is a significant moderating effect of support towards work interference with family and family interference with work. And both variable work interference with family and family interference with work could be studied separately.

Mea Culpa! The Role of Guilt in the Work-Life Interface and Satisfaction of Women Entrepreneur.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of mediator of Guilt (in both directions: Family Interference with Work (FIW) and Work Interference with Family (WIF)) in the relationship between Conflict, Job and Life Satisfaction, also investigating the role of Enrichment as moderator. Using PROCESS Macro, the hypothesized models are tested on a sample of 161 women entrepreneurs. Both the mediating role of guilt and the moderating role of enrichment were analyzed through models of mediation and moderate mediation. Results from the analysis support the hypothesized models. Guilt FIW and Guilt WIF mediate the relationship between work Conflict and Job satisfaction, as well the relationship between Conflict and Life satisfaction, and at the same time, Enrichment moderated the mediating processes by which the Conflict affects Job and Life satisfaction via Guilt FIW and Guilt WIF. This study is one of the few that takes into consideration both Conflict and Enrichment in a sample of women entrepreneurs and examines Guilt, which many times presents itself as an “invisible” factor in studies on the work–family interface.

Associations of Central Sensitization-Related Symptoms with Low Back Pain-Related Factors and Work Status in Caregivers.

Low back pain (LBP) is associated with psychological factors and central sensitization-related symptoms (CSSs). The relationship between CSSs, LBP-related factors, and work status in caregivers remain unclear. This multicentre, collaborative, cross-sectional study aimed to determine the association between CSS severity, LBP-related factors, and work status in caregivers with LBP. We measured LBP intensity, pain duration, pain sites, CSSs (using the Central Sensitization Inventory-9: CSI-9), psychological factors (using the Pain Catastrophizing and Pain Self-Efficacy scales), and work status (interference, amount of assistance, frequency of assistance, and work environment) in 660 caregivers. CSS severity was categorised as no (CSI-9:0–9), mild (CSI-9:10–19), or moderate/severe (CSI-9:20–36). We further performed multiple comparison analyses and adjusted the residual chi-square to reveal differences between CSS severity groups. Caregivers with more severe CSSs tended to exhibit worse LBP intensity (p < 0.01), widespread pain (p < 0.01), catastrophic thinking (p < 0.01), and pain self-efficacy (p < 0.01), and they also tended to experience work interference (p < 0.01). Caregivers without CSSs tended to receive a smaller amount of assistance with a lower frequency (p < 0.05). The number of participants with an adequate environment and equipment was significantly less in the moderate/severe CSS group (p < 0.01). Thus, our findings may suggest that CSS severity is associated with LBP intensity, widespread pain, psychological factors, and work status in caregivers.

Is exercise good for all? Time- and strain-based work–family conflict and its impacts

ABSTRACT While many people believe that exercise can relieve stress and enrich well-being, it is unclear whether this relationship always holds when employees suffer from work–family conflict (WFC). Drawing on the transactional theory of stress and conservation of resources theory, we examine how exercise moderates the impact of time- and strain-based WFC on employees’ vitality at work and, subsequently, employees’ subjective well-being. With data collected in multiple waves from a sample in China (N = 243), we found that when employees experienced time-based WFC, strong adherence to exercise did not benefit their vitality as weak adherence to exercise did. However, when employees experienced strain-based work interference with family demands, strong (rather than weak) adherence to exercise benefited their vitality. In addition, the moderating effect of exercise on the relationship between WFC and vitality transited to affect employee job satisfaction.

Indian female healthcare workers: study shows greater work interference on personal life than personal life interference on work

Purpose:This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies.Design:This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context.Findings:A study of female healthcare workers in India showed they experienced higher work interference on personal life (WIPL) than personal life interference on work (PLIW). But the results also showed that women with higher support from employers, families and colleagues experienced lower interference levels.Originality:The briefing saves busy executives, strategists and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

Reconciling Work and Family Demands and Related Psychosocial Risk and Support Factors among Working Families: A Finnish National Survey Study.

Working families commonly struggle with reconciling work and family demands. While the Nordic welfare states have been regarded as forerunners in family-friendly policies, worldwide trends threaten work–family reconciliation also in this context. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the associations between family interference with work (FIW)/work interference with family (WIF) and selected psychosocial risk and support factors in the work and family settings of Finnish working families. Data from the Finnish Quality of Work Life Survey 2018 collected by Statistics Finland were utilized to conduct binary logistic regression analyses (N = 1431). Risk factors in the work setting emerged as key covariates as all of them showed statistically significant associations with WIF or both WIF and FIW. Another key finding was that occasional conflicts within the family were beneficial in the context of both WIF and FIW. To conclude, both distinct and mutual psychosocial risk and support factors of FIW and WIF were identified, at the same time as two socio-demographic factors as well as one workplace factor were identified as covariates specifically of FIW. This study showed that work–family reconciliation is a considerable challenge among Finnish working families, and especially to women.

Socio-economic and Household Characteristics Associated with Work-Family Conflict among Female Primary School Teachers in Enugu State, Nigeria

This study focused on the socio-economic and household characteristics associated with work-family conflict among female primary school teachers in Enugu state, Nigeria. Cross-sectional and correlational study design were used to collect data from 2428 female primary school teachers in Enugu state, Nigeria. Structured questionnaire was used to obtain data on socio-economic and household characteristics, while Work and Family Conflict Scale was used to assess work-family conflict in the dimensions of work to family, family to work and overall work and family interference. Analyses were performed using IBM-SPSS version 23 software. Descriptive data were presented as frequencies and percentages, while Chi square was used to test the hypotheses at p &lt; 0.05. Result showed that 23% of the respondents experienced work-family conflict with higher rate (29.9%) of work to family conflict than 25.1% of family to work conflict. Higher salary, urban location, living in ≥ 2-bedroom apartment and using communal toilet and bathroom at home were socio-economic factors significantly (p &lt; 0.05) associated with increase in all the dimensions of work-family conflict. On the other hand, household characteristics associated with higher work-family conflict include; having dependent children, age of oldest child &gt; 12 years old, caring for chronically ill family members, and uneasy accessibility of household water supply. Caring for the elderly and having house helps were associated with increased work to family conflict while household size was not found a factor in any dimension of work-family conflict.