Work Injuries Research Articles

Returning to Work After an Injury or Illness.

When we experience an injury or illness, it can affect our ability to work. Work rehabilitation helps people return to work after an illness or injury. When possible, work rehabilitation can also help people stay at work as they manage their illness or injury. To understand how physical therapists can best support people as they return to work, experts in work rehabilitation reviewed all the available research and discussed what the research means. These experts shared their findings and recommendations in "Clinical Guidance to Optimize Work Participation After Injury or Illness: The Role of Physical Therapists," published in JOSPT in August 2021. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2021;51(8):382. doi:10.2519/jospt.2021.0506.

Social protection and the platform economy: The anomalous approach of the French legislator

AbstractAddressing the social protection of platform workers, the French legislator in 2016 and then in 2019 made moves to incorporate these workers into the general social security regime with regard to certain covered risks (work injury and occupational diseases), and to improve adequacy (enabling possible access to complementary coverage). However, these moves rest on radically opposed perspectives. Rather than reasserting the legal responsibility of the employer vis‐à‐vis workers’ health and safety, we see responsibility placed with the platform, but only on a voluntary basis under the aegis of corporate social responsibility. This risks fragmenting social benefits, to be determined by each platform, thus weakening the practices of mutual protection and risk pooling among enterprises and workers that lie at the heart of social security. In doing so, the legislator has broken the link that had as its historic objective the goal of social inclusion and has encouraged in different ways the privatization, or a re‐commodification, of social security in the commercial interest of private insurance companies. Moreover, this has been done using the Trojan Horse of the French labour code. This approach is in contrast to the converging position of international organizations, such as the European Union, International Labour Organization or the Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development, recommending that States establish a right to social protection for all atypical workers and non‐salaried workers. Instead of identifying the common challenges that face workers who work for platforms, and offering responses specific to their situation, rather, it considers platform work as one of the new forms of atypical work undertaken by those who may have the status of employee or self‐employed.

The social protection of platform workers in Romania: Meeting the growing demand for affordable and adequate coverage?

AbstractIn a changing world of work, platform workers struggle to gain adequate protection, and effective access to the benefits provided by the social security system form a part of this. Social security benefits in Romania are particular in that access is based on a person having a professional income, regardless of the legal status of the worker (subordinate or self‐employed). As a rule, all workers are covered in the event of illness and changing family circumstances as well as for pensions. In contrast, coverage for self‐employed workers for unemployment benefits, work injury and occupational disease benefits, paid leave in the event of illness, protection against the risks related to pregnancy or to care for a sick child is voluntary. Given the diffusion of platform work, the article addresses the specific situation of platform workers in Romania, formally covered by the social security system, but who face obstacles related to eligibility criteria, administrative formalities, the risk of the automatic termination of work and intermittent work patterns.

Work-safety and Health Management on Employee Satisfaction: CSR Insider Approach: A Study of Lubcon Nigeria Limited

In an attempt to sustain an evolving growth and compete favorably in a fast-growing market environment, management in various organization strategically invest enormously by adding values to their resources where labour is one. Doing this involves protecting the lives of employees from physical work injury and hazard in the work environment by not only making available the safety equipment as part of internal CSR employees related activities, but also train them on how to handle work safety equipment as well as their involvement in making safety policies. Despite these efforts by the management, employees still feel insecure and become unsatisfied with the job. Hence, the main objective of this research is to determine the effect of work safety and health management on employees’ satisfaction with specific attention to LUBCON Nigeria limited. Descriptive survey design was adopted for the study as primary data were obtained through the use of questionnaire from 216 respondents. The result of the statistical analysis through the use of multiple regression revealed that work safety and health management have significant influence on employees’ satisfaction (R 2 = .624 , P-value ≤ 0.05). It therefore concluded that work safety and health management have a significant impact on employees’ satisfaction at LUBCON Nigeria Limited. The study therefore recommended that managementof LUBCON Nigeria Limited should intensify its efforts to strengthen the work safety and health conditions of her employees by laying hands on procuring new and up-to-date protective safety equipment so that it can create a drive-inemployee to put in their maximum best towards achieving organizational objectives. This is because, when employees feel motivated with an enabling operating environment, they feel secured and this creates inner drive which result in higher productivity.

Quantitative ultrasound imaging of intrinsic hand muscles after traumatic cervical spinal cord injury.

This is a cross-sectional descriptive study. To quantify differences in hand muscle morphology between persons with cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) and uninjured adults. The study was performed at the Guangdong Work Injury Rehabilitation Hospital. We quantified hand muscle cross-sectional area (CSA), thickness, and echo intensity (EI) in 18 persons with subacute to chronic SCI and 23 controls using ultrasound imaging. Mean SCI abductor pollicis brevis (APB), abductor digiti minimi (ADM), and first dorsal interosseous (FDI) CSA were ~26%, 43%, and 37% smaller than the control means, the deficit in the APB being less than the ADM (P < 0.05). Muscle thickness was also smaller after SCI, but deficits in ADM (31%) and FDI (20%) thickness were less than the CSA deficits (P < 0.05). In five SCI persons, APB CSA and/or opponens pollicis (OP) thickness were normal despite complete motor paralysis. Mean longitudinal image EI was 40% higher in the OP and 15% higher in the flexor pollicis brevis(FPB) after SCI (P < 0.05), suggesting denervation-induced infiltration of fat and fibrous tissues. OP EI was related to OP thickness (r = -0.6, P = 0.007, n = 18). Mean axial image EI was 10% higher in the APB and ADM after SCI (P < 0.05). There were no significant correlations between muscle morphological properties and clinical features in the SCI participants. Our results indicate significant SCI atrophy and elevated EI that are muscle dependent.

Relationship between occupational accidents and the safety climate of blue-collar workers in the metal industry.

Objective: This study aims to reveal the ability of a safety climate assessment to make predictions regarding occupational accidents that occur in a metal sector workplace.&#x0D; Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with metal sector workers. Two sub-dimensions, the security climate scale, and an 18-question form, were used for data collection. The Chi-square, 'Student's t-test, and logistic regression tests were used to determine the relationships with occupational accidents. A correlation analysis was applied between the total scale score and its sub-dimensions.&#x0D; Results: The questionnaire was completed by 289 workers (90.1%). In their current workplace, 28.4% had at least one work accident. The total score of the occupational safety climate was 61.11±6.90, and each unit was observed to increase the occupational safety climate score provided there was a 4.6% (95% CI: 0.6–8.4%) decrease in occupational accident reporting. There is a 1.10 (95% CI: 1.04–1.17) fold rise in reported work injuries for every additional year the workers work in this workplace (p = 0.001). Compared to unmarried people, married people recorded 3.24 times (95% CI 1.02–10.35) more workplace injuries.&#x0D; Conclusion: According to the data, employee safety monitoring mediates the relationship between a safe environment and occupational accidents.

Safety climate and productivity improvement of construction workplaces through the 6S system: mixed-method analysis of 5S and safety integration

The purpose of this study is to develop a framework for integrating essential safety practices (visualization, job safety analysis and plan–do–check–act) into 5S steps and validate it. First, 18 interviews with a snowball sample of construction workers, safety representatives, supervisors and site and project managers were conducted. A grounded theory method was utilized to code the interview data. The results revealed that the studied construction companies implement a systematic safety-based methodology to minimize construction work injuries. Second, to validate the proposed framework, a pre-test and post-test study was applied. The case and control groups (26 participants) answered a 6S questionnaire before the 6S system and 1 month after implementation. The results revealed that safety climate and productivity significantly increased for the case group but reduced for the control group during time.

Return to work and sick leave patterns following a work injury among young adults: a study protocol of a Swedish multimodal study

IntroductionThere is a lack of studies that focus exclusively on return to work (RTW) and sick leave patterns following a work injury among young adults. This study aims to close...

Saudi Worker’s Right in the Saudi Labor Law

Saudi Worker’s Right in the Saudi Labor Law Yasser Almuhaidb. Department of Law, College of Science and Theoretical Studies, Saudi Electronic University, Saudi Arabia . E-mail : Seu2017@hotmail.com Abstract: As part of promoting the welfare and working conditions of workers, for both expatriates and Saudi nationals, the Saudi Arabian government has over the years been developing and improving labor laws. This research looks at the rights of the Saudi labor market's employees, as provided by the country's labor laws. This research's findings are targeted to three different groups of people, namely, policymakers, employers, and employees. The research employed doctrinal legal methodology, whereby, data was collected using the approach of reviewing existing data on the subject of labor rights in Saudi Arabia. The research demonstrates that Saudi employees have the right to minimum wages, protection against workplace hazards, injuries and accidents. Employees have the right to the safe work environment, payment for the accident, and injuries suffered in the course of work. The study recommends enhancing the rights of workers and implementation of various labor rights of workers, especially through having stiff penalties for failing to implement labor laws. Keywords: Labor Laws , Leave , Workers/Employees , Expatriates , Saudi Nationals , Occupational Hazard , Termination Of Work Contract, Work Injuries , Accidents , And end-of-service Reward. حقوق العامل السعودي في قانون العمل السعودي ياسرعبدالرحمن المهيدب . قسم القانون ، کلية العلوم والدراسات النظرية ، الجامعة السعودية الإلکترونية ، المملکة العربية السعودية . البريد الإلکتروني : Seu2017@hotmail.com نبذة مختصرة: کجزء من تعزيز رفاهية العمال وظروف عملهم ، لکل من المغتربين والمواطنين السعوديين ، عملت الحکومة السعودية على مر السنين على تطوير وتحسين قوانين العمل. يبحث هذا البحث في حقوق موظفي سوق العمل السعودي ، على النحو المنصوص عليه في قوانين العمل في البلاد. تستهدف نتائج هذا البحث ثلاث مجموعات مختلفة من الأشخاص ، وهي: صناع السياسات ، وأرباب العمل ، والموظفون. استخدم البحث المنهجية القانونية الفقهية ، حيث تم جمع البيانات باستخدام منهج مراجعة البيانات الموجودة حول موضوع حقوق العمال في المملکة العربية السعودية. يوضح البحث أن للموظفين السعوديين الحق في الحد الأدنى للأجور والحماية من مخاطر مکان العمل والإصابات والحوادث. للموظفين الحق في بيئة عمل آمنة ، ودفع تعويض عن الحادث ، والإصابات التي لحقت بهم أثناء العمل. أوصت الدراسة بتعزيز حقوق العمال وإعمال الحقوق العمالية المختلفة للعمال ، خاصة من خلال تشديد العقوبات على عدم تنفيذ قوانين العمل . الکلمات المفتاحية :قوانين العمل ، الإجازات ، العمال / الموظفون ، الوافدون ، المواطنون السعوديون ، المخاطر المهنية ، إنهاء عقد العمل ، إصابات العمل ، الحوادث ، مکافأة نهاية الخدمة.

Advancing Rehabilitation Counseling Professional Identity in Australia

PurposeThe past few decades have witnessed significant growth in the disability sector and the rehabilitation counseling profession has responded by broadening its scope of practice to serve a range of people who experience illness, injury, and social disadvantage. Despite the sector's growth and the profession's flexible response to it, the rehabilitation counseling profession in Australia continues to face challenges in relation to its professional identity. The purpose of this article is to identify these challenges and present solutions by reviewing literature and professionalization responses in Australia and the United States.MethodIn this article, we examine ways of transcending the professional identity challenges faced by the Australian rehabilitation counseling community. This is achieved firstly by defining the characteristics of professions and their application to rehabilitation counseling and second, by suggesting possible actions to advance the profession.ResultsThe necessary responses identified include the need for stronger professional governance, further development of the evidence base, and strict professional membership regulations. These goals will require the input of professional bodies and members, universities, rehabilitation regulators, employers, people with disabilities, and their families.ConclusionsRehabilitation counseling is a valued allied health and human service profession in the Australian work injury and disability sectors. By drawing on the experience of the profession in the United States, the authors have identified issues and solutions to facilitate the sustainability and advancement of rehabilitation counseling in Australia.

The Value Filter: A Novel Framework for Psychosocial Adjustment to Traumatic Upper Extremity Amputation.

Purpose Upper extremity traumatic amputation due to work injury is a devastating injury with poor outcomes. As it does not appear to follow existing theories of psychosocial adjustment to injuries and illness, we sought to understand this problem by asking those who have sustained the injury, how they try to adjust. Methods Qualitative methods were used to interview 11 participants within 3years of their accident. Questions included "Tell me about the impact of the amputation on your life". Data were systematically gathered and analyzed using a grounded theory (constructivist) approach which led to a preliminary model of adjustment. Results The Value of the Hand, and the Value of Working and Doing, emerged as central phenomena and created a Value Filter through which our participants' new experiences were interpreted. Two interacting themes, Instability of the Core Identity, and Efforts to Stabilize the Self, describe the effects of the process which either interfered with or promoted the formation of new values that, in turn, could lead to adjustment. Conclusions The preliminary model helps explain psychosocial adjustment for individuals with a traumatic upper extremity amputation due to work injury. The model may also be useful with other acquired injuries where the lost body part was deemed highly valuable for the individual's sense of self.

Designing a Model via Grounded Theory to Reduce Agricultural Work Injury among Orchardists in Ilam Province

ABSTRACT The present study aimed to design a model to reduce agricultural work injury among orchardists in Ilam Province, Iran. This was a qualitative research study that used grounded theory to analyze data. The study included 25 specialists, managers, and experts of horticulture in Ilam Province who were selected through purposive sampling. Field observations and interviews in the form of focus groups were used for collecting data. The results were extracted from the research data through the coding process (open, axial, and selective) in the form of concepts, subcategories, and categories using MAXqda12. The paradigm model included causal, contextual and intervening conditions, strategy, and consequences. The results indicated that several causal conditions can affect work injury in agriculture. These were identified as vulnerability level, personal characteristics of orchardists, subsistence level, general health, climatic conditions, and academic qualifications. Contextual conditions also included categories like trends, occupational safety and health principles, infrastructure, government support, and government incentives. Meanwhile, intervening conditions were identified as structural, educational-research factors, economic criteria, regulation and development of marketing horticultural and greenhouse products, type of exploitation system, and orchardists’ motivation. Finally, reducing agricultural work injuries among orchardists involved the multi-faceted identification of various aspects of production and education, along with technical, operational, executive, and supervisory management strategies. Reducing the number of agricultural work injuries among orchardists would lead to regional, economic, individual, and social benefits. The results helped researchers to identify what areas to address and mitigate safety issues of horticultural activities in Ilam.

387 Plastic Surgery Workload During The COVID-19 Pandemic

IntroductionCOVID-19 has been a formidable opponent to every aspect of the NHS. A comparative study examined referral workload at a regional Plastic Surgery Unit, Major Trauma Centre & Burns Facility during the initial stages of the lockdown period. Lessons learnt can then help prepare for the future.MethodFrom initial lockdown (24/03/2020), all Plastic Surgery referrals were documented for 28 days. This data was compared to the same period in 2019. Demographics, diagnosis, mechanism of injury and time to presentation and surgery were noted.ResultsA total of 525 patients were managed, with a 48% reduction in referrals during lockdown. Hand trauma referrals reduced by 16% but increases in deliberate self-harm (100%), DIY injury (75%), lower limb trauma (250%) and burns (64%) were seen. Fewer work and school related injuries were managed in keeping with lockdown rules. Notably, access to surgical management did not alter.ConclusionsThe COVID-19 pandemic significantly affected the workload of our service. Social behaviours and psychological impact were common contributing factors. As Plastic Surgeons this should be acknowledged and consideration of optimising mental health services and health education should be prioritised for the future.

296 Sex differences in sleep and wakefulness of police officers working shifts: evidence from a field study

Abstract Introduction National reports of work-related injuries found the excess risk of work injury attributed to shift work to be significantly higher among women. The Working Time Society (WTS) concluded that male sex is one of the few factors that is “consistently associated with perceived or actual shift work tolerance”. However, it is unclear if physiological parameters are involved. Laboratory-controlled studies report sex differences in circadian rhythms (body temperature, melatonin). In sleep deprivation protocols, alertness and cognitive performances were affected by sex, menstrual cycle phase and hormonal contraceptives [HC] use. Nevertheless, field studies that compare male and female shift workers are scarce. Methods An observational study including 76 police officers working on patrol: 56 males and 20 females (11 using [HC], 6 not using [non-HC] and 3 with unknown use of hormonal contraception) aged 32.0 ± 5.3 years. Participants were followed throughout a month-long work cycle (1,457 morning, evening, night, or other shifts, plus rest days). They filled out time-stamped questionnaires (Samn-Perelli, KSS, Visual Analogue Scales, ~5/day; sleep and work-related information, ~1–2/day), completed 5-min Psychomotor Vigilance Tasks (PVT, ~2/day), and wore an actigraph to collect activity data. Linear mixed-effects models were used to analyze the effects of group, time awake and time-of-day on fatigue, sleepiness, alertness, mood and PVT measures. Results Self-reported measures and psychomotor performance significantly varied with time awake and time-of-day. Fatigue and sleepiness levels were significantly higher among female compared to male police officers, both with time awake and across the 24-h day. These variations were similar between non-HC females and the other groups. Compared to males, HC females were more fatigued and less alert, both with time awake and across the 24-h day, and sleepier with time awake. Having children at home did not explain these differences. Conclusion The results of this study expand our knowledge on the sex differences in the sleep and circadian physiology and demonstrate a critical effect of HC on women fatigue, sleepiness and alertness when working shifts. Sex and hormonal parameters must be considered in occupational medicine as well as in future laboratory and field studies on shift workers and circadian rhythms. Support (if any) IRSST, FRQS.

Mekanisme Perlindungan Sosial Bagi Pekerja Migran Indonesia (PMI) Perempuan Di Hongkong

To fulfill the economic needs through working abroad in order to raise the wind is one of benefit seeks by the woman migrant workers. Migrant workers is protected with formal social protection schemes both in origin and destination countries as stipulated in UU No. 18 tahun 2017 about migrant workers protection article 31. This study aims to apprehend on how is the mechanism of social protection to Indonesian Women Migrant Workers in Hongkong. 12 informants were involved in this study from Indonesian women migrant workers post placement and in placement period. This study founds that donation and inter-family loan among Indonesian women migrant workers were informal social protection mechanism developed by them in Hongkong. In certain condition, the coverage of formal social protection is insufficient to to protect Indonesian women migrant workers. As woman migran workers have solid friendship relations among their group and communities, informal social protection schemes with gotong royong principle helped them when in illness, unemployment, and work injury.

Days away from work injury and associated factors among waste collectors in Mekelle city, Northern Ethiopia.

SummaryIntroductionIn most cities of low-income countries, waste management is a labour intensive task, which exposes workers to numerous occupational hazards. This study was aimed to investigate the magnitude of days away from work-related injury and associated factors among organized waste collectors in Mekelle city, Northern Ethiopia.MethodA pre-tested questionnaire and observation checklist based cross-sectional study design was employed from June 1 to 30, 2017. Data was analysed using SPSS for windows 20.0. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression methods were used to describe the study population and assess the association between dependent and independent variables, respectively.ResultFrom the total of 279 waste collectors involved as a study participant, 10% of them reported at least one day away from work injury during the last twelve months. Being married is 87% less likely to be injured as compared to be a single. The odds of injury were 4.5 times higher among personal protective equipment users as compared to their counterparts. Waste collectors, who had less than 1000 Birr per month income, were 3 times more likely to be injured than those with income greater than 1,001 Birr.ConclusionsDays away from work injury among waste collectors is a public health problem and has an impact on the economic and social well-being of workers. Therefore, strengthening the provision of personal protective devices and ensuring its utilization is highly recommended.

Performance Validity Testing in Patients Presenting to a Specialty Clinic With a Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.

To evaluate predictors of performance validity testing (PVT) and clinical outcome in patients presenting to a specialty clinic with a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). An outpatient mTBI specialty clinic. Seventy-six (47% female) patients aged 16 to 66 (mean = 40.58, SD = 14.18) years within 3 to 433 days (mean = 30.63, SD = 54.88, median = 17.00) of a suspected mTBI between 2018 and 2019. A cross-sectional, observational study comparing patients who passed PVT (n = 43) with those who failed (n = 33). A logistic regression (LR) was conducted to evaluate factors that predicted failed PVT. Independent-samples t tests and general linear model were used to evaluate PVT groups on clinical outcomes. The LR with a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was conducted to evaluate embedded validity indicators. Performance validity testing, computerized neurocognitive testing, vestibular/oculomotor screening, symptom reports. At their initial clinic visit 43% of patients failed PVT. PVT failure was predicted by presence of secondary gain (odds ratio [OR] = 8.11, P = .02), while a history of mental health predicted passing of PVT (OR = 0.29, P = .08). Those who failed PVT performed significantly worse on computerized neurocognitive testing (P < .05) and took an average of 33 days longer to return to work (P = .02). There was no significant difference (P = .20) in recovery time between failed/passed PVT groups when covarying for those who sustained a work injury. Word memory learning percentage less than 69% and design memory learning percentage less than 50% accurately classified patients who failed PVT (area under the ROC curve = 0.74; P < .001). Secondary gain was the best predictor of failed PVT. Patients presenting for mTBI evaluation and rehabilitation who fail PVT demonstrate worse performance on cognitive testing and take longer to return to work post-injury, but recover in a similar time frame compared with those who pass PVT. Clinicians should be cautious in discounting patients who yield invalid test results, as these patients appear to be able to achieve recovery in a treatment setting.

Improving accident analysis in construction – Development of a contributing factor classification framework and evaluation of its validity and reliability

Construction industry is still one of the most dangerous industries and its fatal work injuries is almost three times higher than the average across all sectors. Previous researchers have attempted to apply more systemic models and methods to improve accident analysis in construction, but few studies have fully encompassed upstream factors such as decisions and actions at the level of the government and regulator in accident analysis. More importantly, no previous study has evaluated the validity and reliability of systemic accident analysis methods in construction. The present study, therefore, has two main aims: to develop a contributing factor classification framework to support systemic accident investigation in construction and to carry out an assessment of its validity and reliability. The classification framework was developed and assessed in two phases. The phase one involved generating a list of contributing factors from the review of 26 articles and the analysis of 532 construction accident reports. Five federal inspectors with expertise in accident investigation were involved in refining the list into 61 contributing factors and categorizing them into six levels of the Accimap framework. The phase two involved in assessing the validity and reliability of the framework with five practitioners in construction sector using three real construction accidents. This study contributes to the development of a contributing factors classification system framework for construction with acceptable validity and reliability.

Trends in work-related eye injuries in Spanish Autonomous Communities during 2008-2018

To analyze the differences in work-related eye injury trends among the different Autonomous Communities in Spain. This was a descriptive, retrospective and longitudinal study based on a Social Security-affiliated mutual insurance company work injury and illness database for the period 2008-2018 that included all Spanish Autonomous Communities. Accidents that caused an injury to any ocular structure were analysed, and both the incidence of work-related eye-injuries per 100 000 insured workers and the relative risk of suffering an eye injury were compared. We observed a general decrease in work-related eye injuries in all of the communities, although with two distinct time periods. The annual percentage change decrease occurred in all communities until 2013. From 2013 to 2018, however, this decreasing trend was only observed in Asturias, Castilla-La Mancha, Canary Islands, Madrid, Murcia and Navarra. Castilla-La Mancha was the Autonomous Community with the highest incidence (886.56/100.000), as well as the highest relative risk of suffering an eye injury (RR 2.66; IC 95% 2.58 - 2.75). At the other end, the lowest incidence (82.25/100.000) and RR (RR 0.247; IC 95 % 0.22 - 0.28) were observed in Catalonia. We observed a statistically significance decrease in the incidence and relative risk of work-related eye injuries in all Autonomous Communities over the study period, although this trend changed from 2013 onward.

Workplace Organizational and Psychosocial Factors Associated with Return-to-Work Interruption and Reinjury Among Workers with Permanent Impairment.

Roughly 10% of occupational injuries result in permanent impairment and a permanent partial disability (PPD) award. After initial return to work (RTW) following a work injury, many workers with permanent impairment face RTW interruption (breaks in ongoing employment due to reinjury, poor health, disability, lay-off, etc.). Most RTW and reinjury research has focused on worker-level risk factors, and less is known about contextual factors that may be amenable to workplace or workers' compensation (WC)-based interventions. The aim of this study was to identify modifiable organizational and psychosocial workplace factors associated with (i) RTW interruption and (ii) reinjury among workers with a permanent impairment. This retrospective cohort study included WC claims data and survey data for 567 injured workers who RTW at least briefly after a work-related injury that resulted in permanent impairment. Workers were interviewed once by phone, 11-15 months after WC claim closure with a PPD award. Logistic regression models were used to estimate associations between each workplace factor of interest and each outcome, controlling for whole body impairment percentage, gender, age, nativity, educational level, State Fund versus self-insured WC coverage, employer size, union membership, industry sector, and employment duration of current/most recent job. Twelve percent of workers had been reinjured in their current or most recent job, 12% of workers were no longer working at the time of interview, and <1% of workers reported both outcomes. The most frequently reported reason for RTW interruption was impairment, disability, and/or pain from the previous work injury. Lower reported levels of safety climate, supervisor support, and ability to take time off work for personal/family matters were significantly associated with both RTW interruption and reinjury. Inadequate employer/health care provider communication, perceived stigmatization from supervisors and/or coworkers, and lower levels of coworker support were significantly associated with RTW interruption but not with reinjury. Discomfort with reporting an unsafe situation at work, absence of a health and safety committee, and higher job strain were significantly associated with reinjury, but not with RTW interruption. Inadequate safety training and lack of needed job accommodations were not significantly associated with either outcome. There were no notable or statistically significant interactions between workplace factors and degree of impairment, and no consistent direction of association. This study provides evidence that several potentially modifiable organizational and psychosocial factors are associated with safe and sustained RTW among injured workers with work-related permanent impairment. The lack of interaction between any of these workplace factors and degree of impairment suggests that these findings may be generalizable to all workers, and further suggests that workplace interventions based on these findings might be useful for both primary and secondary prevention. Though primary prevention is key, secondary prevention efforts to sustain RTW and prevent reinjury may reduce the considerable health, economic, and social burden of occupational injury and illness.