Physical Work Research Articles

Influence Of Physical Work Environment Factors, Equipment And Materials On Occupational Health And Safety In Ahass City Workshop Poor

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From the Recognition of ‘Psychiatric Disorder Caused by Asbestos Exposure’ to the Mobilisation of Dignity in Labour Law: A Comparison of France and Sweden

Abstract In two rulings on 8 February 2023, the French Court of Cassation invoked the notion of ‘dignity’ in labour law to support claims for ‘damage due to anxiety’ (‘préjudice d’anxiété’). The concept of ‘damage due to anxiety’, which might in English be translated more functionally as ‘psychiatric disorder caused by asbestos exposure’, is based on loss arising from the fear of developing a future disease due to occupational exposure to a toxic and hazardous substance, such as asbestos. Based on a reading of these two cases, the aim of this article is to analyse the approach developed in the French legal system, and to discuss it from the standpoint of Swedish law. The concept of ‘psychiatric disorder caused by asbestos exposure’ is not currently recognised in Swedish law. However, the idea that physical work environment factors can cause psychological injury is not entirely unfamiliar. It touches upon the ideas of a holistic approach to the work environment and a broad and inclusive concept of health and illness, which are important foundations for Swedish work environment law. By studying this specific occupational health and safety issue it is possible to illuminate not only how this topical and important issue is regulated in France and Sweden, but also on a broader level how these two legal systems—the French one based on the individual responsibility of the employer and the Swedish one on collective bargaining—are functioning when it comes to systems of prevention of and compensation for ill health.

‘No trash – do not touch’: Handwritten textual objects at a construction site

Drawing on social semiotics and geosemiotics, this paper analyses multimodal texts written on different surfaces at a construction site. The analysis is based on longitudinal ethnographic work and a large collection of photos of handwritten texts that involve verbal language and other semiotic elements such as drawings or symbols. The analysis focuses on the multimodal design of the texts, their spatio-temporal contexts, and their temporal trajectories connected to the progression of the construction work. The analysis contributes to the existing research on language practices in manual work by providing new understanding of multimodal texts that are integral parts of construction workers’ day-to-day language use. The analysis also speaks to the importance of longitudinal and visually-based research designs in analyzing the language practices of manual and physical work contexts.

Resilience and purpose as predictors of Portuguese school leaders' work well-being

PurposeResilience and purpose have been associated with work well-being. However, limited empirical evidence exists on the liaison between these constructs and Portuguese school leaders' psychological and physical distress and work well-being. This study explored the relationships between resilience, purpose, and well-being in 921 teachers who perform leadership roles in Portuguese schools.Design/methodology/approachParticipants filled out an online self-report questionnaire, providing information on sociodemographic variables. Additionally, they responded to four questionnaires evaluating purpose (PURP), resilience (RES), psychological distress (PsyD), physical distress (PhyD), and work well-being (WWB). Data were analysed through structural equation modelling and mediation analysis.FindingsThe findings show that psychological and physical distress negatively predict school leadership work well-being, whereas resilience and purpose positively predict work well-being. The mediating analysis revealed one indirect mediation effect: resilience buffered the psychological distress and work well-being relationship.Originality/valueThe main findings align with existing literature and uniquely contribute to understanding the interplay between resilience, purpose, psychological and physical distress, and work well-being. This study provides empirical support for a conceptual model claiming that purpose and resilience promote school leaders' work well-being.

Physical and Environmental Work Exposures and Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders in Beekeepers: A Descriptive Study

Purpose: Beekeepers are at risk of musculoskeletal disorders while working, though research is scarce in this field. This study assessed beekeepers' physical and environmental occupational exposure and the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders. Material and Methods: The study was conducted with 123 male individuals who had been actively beekeeping for a minimum of one year. Beekeepers were administered a survey that included demographic and occupational questions. Beekeepers responded to the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire and questions related to beekeeping activity from the Quick Exposure Check. Results: The mean age of the beekeepers was 45.4±12.3 years. The present study revealed that migratory beekeepers encountered a greater number of demanding circumstances in comparison to stationary beekeepers (p

Workplace violence, work-related exhaustion, and workplace cognitive failure among nurses: A cross-sectional study.

To examine the relationships between nurses' exposure to workplace violence and self-reports of workplace cognitive failure. A cross-sectional study. An online questionnaire was administered in April 2023 to nurses in Michigan, US. Structural equation modelling was used to examine effects of physical and non-physical workplace violence (occupational stressors) and work efficiency and competence development (occupational protective factors) on workplace cognitive failure. Physical violence was a significant predictor of the action subscale of cognitive failure. There were no direct effects of non-physical violence, workplace efficiency, or competence development on any of the workplace cognitive failure dimensions. Both types of violence and efficiency had significant indirect effects on workplace cognitive failure via work-related exhaustion. Work-related exhaustion predicted significantly higher scores for workplace cognitive failure. Workplace violence and work efficiency exhibited primarily indirect effects on workplace cognitive failure among nurses via work-related exhaustion. Nurses experiencing workplace violence may be at increased risk for workplace cognitive failure, especially if they are also experiencing work-related exhaustion. Workplaces that nurses perceive as more efficient can help to mitigate the effects of violence on nurses' cognitive failure. This study addressed the possible effects of workplace violence as well as work efficiency and competence development on nurses' cognitive failure at work. Analyses revealed primarily indirect effects of workplace violence, and indirect protective effects of work efficiency, on nurses' cognitive failure via work-related exhaustion. This research has implications for healthcare organizations and suggests that efforts made by healthcare workplaces to prevent violence and work-related exhaustion, and to enhance work efficiency, may help to mitigate workplace cognitive failure among nurses. We have followed the STROBE checklist in reporting this study. No Patient or public contribution.

Effect of rewards and physical work environment on employee performance with work motivation as an intervening variable

This research aims to determine the direct influence of rewards and the physical work environment on employee performance, the indirect influence of rewards and the physical work environment on employee performance with work motivation as an intervening variable at PT. Laras Astra Kartika. The population used in this research was 84 people using all respondents as samples, the sampling technique used saturated sampling or census. The data analysis technique used is the Structural Equation Model (SEM). The results of the research show that rewards have no significant effect on employee performance, rewards have a positive and significant effect on employee performance through work motivation as an intervening variable, the physical work environment has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, the physical work environment has a positive and significant effect on employee performance through motivation work as an intervening variable.

On the relationship between complexity of primary occupation and L2 varietal behavior in adult migrants in Austria

Abstract This article explores for the first time the relationship between occupational complexity (operationalized using the complexity measures indicated in the Dictionary of occupational titles) and adult migrants’ second language (L2) sociolinguistic repertoires in the Austro-Bavarian naturalistic context. We analyze the data of 36 adult migrant L2 German speakers who participated in a virtual reality experiment involving interactions with a dialect-speaking and standard German-speaking interlocutor, the goal being to capture participants’ interpersonal varietal behavior, that is, their addressee-relational, differential use of standard German, Austro-Bavarian dialect, and mixture varieties. Bayesian multinomial mixed-effects models reveal that participants with occupations requiring more handling and physical precision work are predicted to employ dialect varieties more often, but exclusively in interaction with the standard German-speaking interlocutor. A person-centered visual-quantitative analysis additionally facilitates insights concerning which migrants deviate most notably from group-level patterns, and how these deviations may relate to the complexity of their primary occupation. More generally, this study paves new ground with respect to how we can operationally define and capture the complexity of occupational status, and moreover sets out a new direction for research questions investigating how career-related differences impact on (L2) language variation and use.

The influence of low back pain-related attitudes and beliefs on the clinical decision making of physical therapists

ABSTRACT Background The LBP-related attitudes and beliefs of clinicians may impact the experience of patients by influencing clinician decision-making and by shaping the attitudes, beliefs, and actions of patients. The purpose of this study was to identify the specific LBP-related attitudes and beliefs of US-based physical therapists and determine if those beliefs correlate with clinical decision-making. Methods An electronic survey was sent to US-based physical therapists. Attitudes and beliefs were measured using the Health Care Providers’ Pain and Impairment Relationship Scale (HC-PAIRS) and the Pain and Impairment Relationship Scale for Physiotherapists (PABS-PT). The survey also included 2 patient vignettes that collected information about clinical decision-making. Results Complete survey responses were recorded from 420 physical therapists. Eleven of the 27 attitude and beliefs questions were answered in a more biomedically oriented way by at least 20% of respondents. Physical therapist low back pain-related attitudes and beliefs were associated with activity and management strategies for both vignettes in the expected direction. Higher scores on HC-PAIRS and PABS-BM were associated with more restrictive work and activity recommendations, lower-intensity exercise choices, biomechanical rationale for manual therapy and motor control exercises, pathoanatomical-focused education, and use of modalities. Conclusion Some physical therapists hold biomedically oriented beliefs about the connection between pain and physical activity. Clinician beliefs were associated with activity and work recommendations, and treatment choices. Physical therapists with more biomedically oriented beliefs were more likely to limit physical activity and work, and less likely to incorporate psychologically informed interventions.

The role of Respiratory Physiotherapy in reductionof Chronic Pulmonary Infection Score (CPIS) in Acquired Brain Injury Patients admitted in Intensive Care Unit: A Comparative Study

It was accounted for ABI as damage to the brain which brings about disintegration in subjective, physical, enthusiastic and autonomous working. Acquired brain injury can occur due to injury, hypoxia, contamination,tumor, substance manhandle, degenerative neurological sickness and stroke1,2. Serious ABI is characterized as a GCS of 3-8 after cardiopulmonary revival in a patient with an irregular computer tomography (CT) output of the head which shows haematomas, wounds, oedema, and compacted basal cisterns3,4. The definitions gave in this passage were embraced for use in this ABI investigation.CPIS was used to diagnose and determine the incidence of VAP. Clinicalpulmonaryinfectionscore(CPIS)- Temperature(ºC) ≥36.5and≤38.4=0point ≥38.5and≤38.9=1point ≥39or≤36=2points Bloodleukocytecount(cells/mm3) ≥4,000and≤11,000=0point <4,000or>11,000=1point+bandforms ≥500=+1point Trachealsecretions Scanty=0point Moderate/profusebutnotpurulent=1point Moderate/profuseandpurulent=2point Oxygenation:PaO2/FiO2 >240orARDS=0point ≤240andnoevidenceofARDS=2points Pulmonaryradiography Noinfiltrate=0point Patchy/diffuseinfiltrates=1point Localisedinfiltrate=2points Culture of tracheal aspirate (semi-quantitative) Pathogenic bacteria cultured ≤ 1+ or nogrowth=0point Pathogenicbacteriacultured>1+ornogrowth=1point SamepathogenicbacteriaseenonGramstain>1+=2points Totalscore=CPIS(possiblerange=0to12) Methods: Respiratory physiotherapy procedures assists to expand lung volumes, enhance gas diffusion,reduce work of breathing, reduce MV stay of patients and induce optimum recovery.Inthis the respiratory physiotherapy applications involved a regimen of Positioning, Manual Hyperinflation (MH), Airway Suctioning,PNF for Respiration, Passive Limb Movement protocol and Early Mobilisation protocol. Results: The results shows that the Chronic Pulmonary Infection Score (CPIS) reduced from at the time of admission to at the time of discharge, the significance of P<.005 Conclusion: Respiratory physiotherapy managed Chronic Pulmonary Infection Score (CPIS) reduction from at the time of admission to at the time of discharge and improved the outcome of the ABI patients.

The effects of different types of organisational workplace mental health interventions on mental health and wellbeing in healthcare workers: a systematic review.

To determine if and which types of organisational interventions conducted in small and medium size enterprises (SMEs) in healthcare are effective on mental health and wellbeing. Following PRISMA guidelines, we searched six scientific databases, assessed the methodological quality of eligible studies using QATQS and grouped them into six organisational intervention types for narrative synthesis. Only controlled studies with at least one follow-up were eligible. We identified 22 studies (23 articles) mainly conducted in hospitals with 16 studies rated of strong or moderate methodological quality. More than two thirds (68%) of the studies reported improvements in at least one primary outcome (mental wellbeing, burnout, stress, symptoms of depression or anxiety), most consistently in burnout with eleven out of thirteen studies. We found a strong level of evidence for the intervention type "Job and task modifications" and a moderate level of evidence for the types "Flexible work and scheduling" and "Changes in the physical work environment". For all other types, the level of evidence was insufficient. We found no studies conducted with an independent SME, however five studies with SMEs attached to a larger organisational structure. The effectiveness of workplace mental health interventions in these SMEs was mixed. Organisational interventions in healthcare workers can be effective in improving mental health, especially in reducing burnout. Intervention types where the change in the work environment constitutes the intervention had the highest level of evidence. More research is needed for SMEs and for healthcare workers other than hospital-based physicians and nurses.

Freestyle wrestling in sections of a school sports club

Introduction. Freestyle wrestling ensures effective development of various physical qualities and abilities in schoolchildren, and is among the most popular sports along with other types of martial arts and games. Freestyle wrestling is an appropriate means of sports-oriented physical education for schoolchildren, since it meets their interests and needs in physical education and sports. The study aims to analyze the effectiveness of a school sports club in organizing physical education and sports work, taking into account the interest of those involved, on the example of freestyle wrestling. Materials and methods. The pedagogical experiment involved implementing the developed methodology for freestyle wrestling in sections at the school sports club. 30 students from MBEI Secondary School No. 38 in Grozny (Russian Federation) took part in the experiment. Research results. Freestyle wrestling in sections at the school sports club significantly increases physical activity and preparedness of students. The comparative analysis showed a significant improvement in the test scores of the experimental group: 60 m standing-start run with hand support, sec – p < 0.05; 5 successive somersaults, sec – p < 0.05; pull-ups on a bar, number of times – p < 0.05; forward bends from a sitting position, cm – p <0.05; in the test shuttle run 3×10 m, sec – p < 0.05; raising the body into a squat position in 30 sec, number of times – p <0.05; and cross running 2000m, min – p<0.05. Conclusion. The study confirmed the effectiveness of freestyle wrestling in sections at the school sports club. The proposed methodology will significantly increase physical activity, fitness and development of schoolchildren, and its use in the physical education system can be considered appropriate.

Investigating the Relationship between Maximum Aerobic Capacity and Cognitive Ability and Employees’ Workability in a Dairy Factory

Abstract Aim: Considering the importance and necessity of physical and mental fitness of the employees with their job demands, this study aimed to estimate the levels of aerobic capacity among the workers and determine the factors that might affect these levels. The relationship between the aerobic capacity levels and the values of workers’ cognitive function and workability was also investigated. Materials and Methods: Sixty healthy male employees from a dairy factory were recruited using a random sampling method. The study design consisted of the completion of checklists containing personal data, anthropometric measurements, and evaluation of job ability, maximum aerobic capacity along with the cognitive ability of the participants using the Workability Index (WAI) standard questionnaire, Queen’s College step test, and psychomotor vigilance test (PVT), respectively. Results: The mean values of VO2 max, reaction time (RT), and WAI of workers were 45.54 ± 6.13 mL/kg/min, 337.82 ± 29.93 ms, and 42.76 ± 5.02, respectively. Based on the Pearson correlation test, a weak statically significant correlation was observed between PVT and VO2 max (r = 0.3, P = 0.02) as well as PVT and physical work capacity (r = 0.263, P = 0.04). The findings of this study showed that there was a significant relationship between height, weight, body mass index, RT, and error percentage with maximal aerobic capacity (VO2 max). Conclusion: According to the physiological criteria, the employees’ capabilities and job requirements are not in balance; particularly for those working in laboratory, office, or service departments. Therefore, using standardized recruitment tests, providing sports facilities and developing integrated indicators are a principal element of establishing an ergonomic balance in this workplace.

Deep Learning for Plant Disease Detection and Classification: A Systematic Analysis and Review

Detection and classification of leaf and crop diseases in a traditional way is a very laborious task as it involves a significant amount of physical work, huge expert manpower, and valuable time. Automatic systems are more accurate and require less time, labor, and physical work. Artificial intelligence and deep learning-based systems can help in the rapid detection and classification of plant leaf and crop diseases as they occur and help to reduce the hostile effects of disease on food security and the economy. In this systematic and state-of-the-art review, an in-depth study was performed to find and assess the use of different deep learning methods in leaf disease detection and classification. In this study, we exhaustively reviewed contemporary research work on leaf and plant disease detection and classification using deep learning methods performed by several researchers worldwide. Various deep-learning techniques with intermediate steps, public datasets, types of diseases detected and classified, types of plants used, performance metrics used to evaluate models, and achieved results are summarized. Finally, various challenges encountered in using deep learning methods were summarized along with some guidelines that will be helpful for future researchers in this area.

Physical activity, musculoskeletal disorders, burnout, and work engagement: a cross-sectional study on Italian white-collar employees.

Both mental and physical health of office workers had a positive relationship with their work engagement, with the latter relationship being driven by the association of a healthy diet and physical activity (PA). This observational study aimed to investigate the associations between PA levels, musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), burnout, and work engagement, in a sample of white-collar employees. A total of 615 workers (age 42.2 ± 9.5 years) successfully completed an online questionnaire comprising work-related information and standardized questionnaires on PA, MSDs, burnout and work engagement. 36.9% of the participants did not meet the PA guidelines, 19.0% adhered to them, and 44.1% exceeded them. A significant portion of participants reported suffering from MSDs, primarily neck/shoulder and/or low back/hip pain. Those exceeding PA guidelines had fewer MSDs compared to non-compliant participants and exhibited better mental health and work engagement. Compliance with PA guidelines was associated with a 38% reduced risk of emotional exhaustion, with an even greater reduction of 47% among those surpassing the guidelines. PA could exert a positive effect on physical and mental health of employees, but only if performed above a certain amount. The study supports the need to identify workplaces as suitable for health-focused interventions and lifestyle changes.

Working Conditions as a Predictor of Employees’ Well-Being in Selected Broadcasting Organisations in Southwestern Nigeria

The study examined the predictability of working conditions on the well-being of employees of selected broadcasting organisations in Southwestern Nigeria. It also assessed the differences in the well-being of these employees based on their form of ownership. A research questionnaire comprising of standardized instruments: the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire and the Work and Well-being Outcome Scale were used to generate data from the respondents. A sample of 412 employees in the eleven selected broadcasting organisations participated in the study. This study made use of both descriptive and inferential statistics such as frequencies, means, multiple regression, least squared difference, and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) to analyse data. The results indicated that working conditions which is a compendium of various organizational factors within the selected broadcasting organizations significantly predicted employees’ well-being of the selected organizations. Differences were also found in the well-being of employees of federal, state, and privately-owned broadcasting organisations as these employees are exposed to different physical and psychosocial work environments based on the level of structure and organization of tasks, activities, and the physical and human resources available to these organizations. The study concluded that having pleasant working conditions can play a crucial role in the retention of satisfied and loyal employees and the promotion of their all-round well-being.

Changes in haemoglobin and ferritin levels during basic combat training: relevance for attrition and injury frequency

IntroductionThe primary aim of the present study was to assess interindividual and intraindividual variations in haemoglobin and ferritin concentrations in Swedish recruits over 5 months of basic combat training (BCT)....

The Influence of Physical Work Environment, Leadership Style and Work Stress on Employee Performance at PT. Uniplastindo Interbuana Ciawi Plant

The importance of human resources in an organization or company is to determine the success of the organization or company in achieving its goals, because whether or not a company is successful in achieving its goals really depends on the ability of its human resources or employees in carrying out the tasks assigned to them.This research aims to analyze and identify the influence of the physical work environment, leadership style and work stress simultaneously and partially on employee performance. The analytical method used in this research is a descriptive method, multiple linear regression analysis with a quantitative approach and sampling from 74 respondents. The results of the research show that 1) the physical work environment, leadership style and work stress simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on employee performance. 2) the physical work environment, work stress and leadership style partially have a positive and significant effect on employee performance.

The Relationship Between Working Posture and Musculoskeletal Disorders in Waste Pickers at Blondo Landfill

Abstract Background: Blondo landfill serves as a final processing site for waste and also a source of livelihood for scavengers. Scavengers are workers who are at risk of musculoskeletal disoders (MSDs) complaints due to heavy, repetitive physical work and poor work postures due to bending. During waste collection and sorting, waste pickers perform repetitive movements with non-ergonomic postures, away from the ideal body position. Based on data from Puskesmas Bawen, 45% of 73 waste pickers experienced muscle and joint pain. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between working posture and complaints of musculoskeletal disorders.Methods: This study was an observational analytic research in a cross sectional design. The population in this study were Blondo landfill waste pickers. The subjects were 65 waste pickers who were chosen through purposive sampling technique. Data collection was conducted through interviews using the Nordic Body Map questionnaire, digital camera and REBA (Rapid Entire Body Assessment) sheet. Data analysis were conducted using Spearman rank tests.Results: The results showed that of the 65 waste pickers, the majority were female (53.3%), aged > 35 years (93.8%), had a working period of more than 5 years (61.5%), and normal nutritional status (56.9%). Scavengers who have moderate risk work posture (81.5%) and moderate musculoskeletal disorders (84.6%). There was a positive correlation between working posture and MSDs with a moderate level (ρ=0.593; p=0.0001).Conclusion: Work postures that are formed away from the body's gravity which if done continuously and for a long period of time among waste pickers resulted in musculoskeletal disorders.

The Effect of Direct Financial Compensation, Job Performance Appraisal and Physical Work Environment on Employee Job Satisfaction

Job satisfaction is defined as a positive emotional state from a person's work experience about what job they deserve in return. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of direct financial compensation, performance appraisal, and the physical work environment on job satisfaction of PT. J Ekstrim Tech Indonesia. The type of research used is quantitative. With a simple random sampling technique (Simple Random Sampling). Based on the research population at PT. J Ekstrim Tech Indonesia is a total of 130 employees. The sample in this study were 98 respondents who were calculated using the slovin formula. Data collection using the method of observation, questionnaires, literature and interviews. The data analysis method used in this study is quantitative data analysis using the SPSS For Windows program. After the data is collected, data analysis is carried out by grouping data based on the variables studied, performing calculations to answer the problem formulation and performing calculations to test the hypothesis. Data analysis was performed with multiple linear regression. The results showed that direct financial compensation partially had a positive and significant effect on employee job satisfaction, performance appraisal partially had a positive and significant effect on employee job satisfaction, the physical work environment had a partial positive and significant effect on employee job satisfaction. Based on the results of the simultaneous test of direct financial compensation variables, performance appraisal and the physical work environment simultaneously influence employee job satisfaction.