Workers In Labor Market Research Articles

Individual placement and support in mental health services: evaluation of routine clinical data using aretrospective chart review

People with severe mental illnesses are often excluded from working life and would like support to (re)enter the general labor market as part of the psychiatric treatment. Individual placement and support (IPS) is an effective method of finding and retaining work in the general labor market. The aim of the study was to determine the integration rates of IPS into the general labor market in acute and postacute psychiatric settings, identifying patient, setting and program characteristics associated with (re)entering work. A retrospective chart review (RCR) of routine clinical data between 2016 and 2021 was carried out. The IPS program adherence was rated using the IPS fidelity scale. A total of 375 patients participated in the IPS with at least 4 appointments. The (re)integration rate into the general labor market was 51.7%. A shorter time period to the last working day, diagnosis of F1, F2, F3 (vs. F4), change of treatment setting and IPS in the psychiatric institute outpatient department (PIA), IPS fidelity and the number of IPS coaching sessions were positively correlated with (re)integration into work. The implementation of IPS in clinical mental healthcare is possible and leads to high integration rates in the open labor market. An early start of IPS during the clinical treatment can promote social inclusion.

Caring for older parents in Norway – How does it affect labor market participation and absence from work?

As the population ages, younger generations will increasingly be called upon to provide informal care to their aging parents. To prepare for this development, it is essential to understand how employees combine the dual responsibilities of work and caring for aging parents. By analyzing data collected in Norway in 2022 from a nationally representative sample of 6049 respondents, aged 35 to 67, we investigated how caring for older parents affects labor market participation and work absence. We provide descriptive statistics and conduct analyses with structural equation modeling. These analyses indicated that caregiving had no substantial impact on overall participation in the workforce. However, employees did use work absences to assist their parents. We differentiate between using holidays, compensatory time, and three types of formal leave: paid, unpaid, and sick leave. More than a third of the formal leave was taken as sick leave. Women were moderately more likely to use work absence to care for their parents. We conclude that caregiving for older parents currently has little effect on work participation in Norway and attribute the favorable situation in Norway to its comprehensive public elderly care system. However, a contributing factor is Norway's generous sick leave policy. Although intended for use when employees are sick themselves, sick leave is used by employees to provide care to aging parents. Sick leave seems to act as a safety valve. To mitigate the effects of informal care on work participation, welfare states may create conditions that allow employees to combine work and informal care without resorting to unauthorized sick leave. A solution could be to extend the existing support scheme for employees with young children to those providing care for their aging parents.

Factors that Influence Accounting Students' Interest in Careers in Sharia Banking (Empirical Study at Indo Global Mandiri University)

This study aims to examine the influence of religiosity, Islamic accounting knowledge, labor market considerations, financial rewards, work environment, and family or friends on the interests of students accounting study program of Indo Global Mandiri University for a career in Islamic banking. The data used are primary data. The data collection technique was carried out by surveying 50 respondents. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analyses. The results prove that the consideration of the labor market, financial rewards, and the work environment have a positive effect on student interest in a career in Islamic banking. Meanwhile, religiosity, knowledge of Islamic accounting, and the environment of family or friends do not have a positive effect on student interest in a career in Islamic banking.

СТАН РИНКУ ПРАЦІ ТА МОТИВАЦІЯ ПЕРСОНАЛУ В УКРАЇНІ В УМОВАХ ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ

In the article, the current state of the labor market in Ukraine and employee motivation are analyzed, existing problems regarding these issues are identified, and ways to address them are outlined. Materials prepared by the Razumkov Center, administrative data from the State Employment Service, data from recruitment agencies and job search resources, as well as information from the European Business Association, and the results of surveys of HR specialists from various sectors of the country's economy were used for the analysis of the Ukrainian labor market in wartime conditions. Based on the works of Kolot A.M., Nazarova G.V., and others, the practical significance of increasing work motivation in crisis conditions is revealed. The interest of scholars and researchers in the chosen topic confirms its relevance and the need for further analysis. The following methods were used for the analysis of the labor market and work motivation: mass statistical observation, comparative and abstract-logical methods to formulate conclusions and proposals. As a result of the research, the authors concluded that the labor market in Ukraine has undergone significant influences in wartime conditions, significantly altering its structure and dynamics. Currently, it is characterized by the following specific features: instability and uncertainty, rising unemployment, changes in the sectoral structure, mass migration of labor force from Ukraine abroad, increased demand due to military needs for specialists in defense and medical fields, etc. Identifying current problems in the Ukrainian labor market allows identifying ways to stabilize it, including rapid restoration of destroyed objects, creation of new jobs, providing support to the unemployed and displaced persons, as well as implementing retraining, qualification improvement programs and work motivation to ensure population adaptation to changed conditions. Measures to stabilize the labor market and increase work motivation in wartime conditions are of great importance both for the effectiveness of solving military tasks and for supporting stability and development in all areas of the country's life.

Pengaruh Penghargaan Finansial, Pertimbangan Pasar Kerja, Lingkungan Kerja Dan Pelatihan Profesional Terhadap Minat Mahasiswa Akuntansi Universitas Buana Perjuangan Karawang Menjadi Akuntan Publik

Public accountants have an important role in improving the quality and quality of information in the financial sector. On the other hand, students' choice of profession as public accountants is still quite low, with quite strict job regulations and lengthy procedures, making some students reluctant to pursue this profession. Evaluating and analyzing the effect of financial rewards, labor market considerations, work environment and professional training on the interest of accounting students at Buana Perjuangan Karawang University to become public accountants is the aim of this research. As a research tool used multiple linear regression analysis method. Accounting students were used as the population, as well as the purposive sampling method used to determine the sample. Utilizing the help of SPSS version 26 as an analysis tool. The results of the partial hypothesis test show that there is a positive and significant influence on the factors of financial rewards, labor market considerations, and professional training on the interest of accounting students to become public accountants. However, the work environment variable has no significant effect on the interest of accounting students to become public accountants. Meanwhile, simultaneously (simultaneously) on financial rewards, labor market considerations, work environment and professional training there is a positive and significant influence on the interest of accounting students to become public accountants.
 Keywords: Financial Rewards, Labor Market, Work Environment, Professional Training

UNDECLATED WORK AND LEGAL CONSEQUENCES

The development of new directions for the effective functioning of the labor sphere in Ukraine and measures to eliminate the negative trends currently taking place are impossible without researching such a negative economic phenomenon as the informal sector of the labor market. Currently, research on undeclared work is gaining special relevance, since the labor market as a dynamic system depends on the political and economic situation in the country. The informal sector of the labor market and undeclared work in the formal sector have common features, namely illegal employment of an employee or registration of an employee without concluding an employment contract, which is provided for by the current legislation of Ukraine.
 Thus, there is concealment of actually worked hours, payment of wages "in an envelope", replacement of actual employment contracts with civil and economic ones, non-payment of taxes and a high probability for employees to remain unemployed. At the same time, in the event of an injury at the productions of the informal sector of the labor market, the injured employee must spend considerable personal funds on treatment without any compensation payments. It is shown that currently in Ukraine there are no unified approaches to the interpretation of the content of the shadow economy, which leads to the absence of both methods of assessing its scale and scientific research on the development of approaches and ways of countering it.
 It has been proven that measures to reduce the number of people employed in the informal labor market are ineffective, because there is the tendency to increase the number of people working in the informal sector of the labor market. It is proposed to strengthen the motivation of legal employment and consolidate the efforts of social partners against shadow employment in order to implement such a policy in the field of labor protection in the state that would ensure decent working conditions at every workplace and contribute to reducing the volume of the shadow economy. The expediency of expanding the range of measures to encourage employers to participate in the formal labor market and the development of the scientifically based comprehensive national program of productive employment, aimed at ensuring a balanced supply and demand of labor on the labor market, was noted.
 The obtained theoretical conclusions are the basis of specific proposals intended for the planning of labor protection measures both at enterprises and in those sectors of the labor market where undocumented workers work.

University-to-work transitions in Germany – do graduate job seekers benefit from migration and work experience?

ABSTRACT This paper investigates the effects of migration and work experience on university-to-work transitions of German university graduates. We use a job search model, signaling and social network theory to discuss different links between the duration of labor market entry, graduate mobility and work experience. We apply event history analyses and make use of administrative social security records to examine whether work experience and pre-study as well as post-study migration accelerates the labor market entry of graduates. Our regression results stress the importance of both mobility and work experience for the length of the transition period. However, whether the effect is beneficial or adverse depends on the type of graduate migration and previous employment.

The social policy preferences of EU employers’ organizations: An exploratory analysis

Despite decades of European social dialogue, little is known about the social policy preferences of EU employers’ organizations (EEOs). Building on the literature on industrial relations and the role of business in welfare state development, this article explores the preferences of key EEOs (BusinessEurope, SGI Europe and SMEunited) in vocational education and training (VET), active and passive labour market policies, pensions and work–family reconciliation. Software-based qualitative content analysis of 75 position papers and 19 joint declarations, triangulated with four elite semi-structured interviews, is employed to assess employers’ preferences along four national and two European dimensions. Largely in line with the power resources theory, EEOs favour cost containment and social investment, by strengthening labour market flexicurity and reducing skills mismatches through VET. Conflicting logics of membership and influence guide the actions of EEOs: members are wary of legislation impinging on national social policy traditions; yet, greater European assertiveness makes lobbying efforts unavoidable.

FACTORS OF AN ACTIVE PERSONAL POSITION REGARDING PROFESSIONAL ADAPTATION IN THE MODERN LABOR MARKET

The article emphasizes that the respondents are insufficiently aware of the value of the personal role of the results of their own work, their own professional development, the level of their professionalization as factors of work efficiency and the professional activity of the work institution, which significantly affects the competitiveness of future specialists, the effectiveness of their work, success and self-realization in the modern labor market. In modern working conditions, in the conditions of market transformations, the problem of professional adaptation acquires special importance. Strictly speaking, this is a problem of ability, which is characterized, first of all, by the level of activity of a specialist in the implementation of outlined goals regarding professional choice in solving real problems and situations at the stage of professional formation and professional self-development in new conditions of activity. A condition for successful professional adaptation and self-realization of young people is persistent and intense work, first of all, in mastering modern personal and professional competencies, conditions for self-development, readiness for independent professional choice at all stages of professional development. The implementation of professional and pedagogical adaptation of the future specialist involves, first of all, the formation of an individual style of activity, provided that the selection of adaptive factors is carried out by analyzing the personal and professional potential of the future specialist, comparing the professional and personal orientations and capabilities of the individual, comparing them with the capabilities of the individual himself in relation to the realities of pedagogical activity in conditions of market changes.

Analisis Pengaruh Penghargaan Finansial, Pertimbangan Pasar Kerja, Lingkungan Keluarga Dan Fleksibilitas Kerja Terhadap Minat Menjadi Akuntan Publik (Studi Empiris Mahasiswa Akuntansi Perguruan Tinggi Negeri Di Kota Padang)

This study aims to determine the effect of financial rewards, labor market considerations, family environment and work flexibility on interest in becoming a public accountant. This research is a quantitative research. The method of data collection was using a questionnaire instrument which was distributed online via google form . Distributed to accounting students of state universities in Padang City who have met the criteria. The sample used was 204 people using the proportional stratified random sampling method . Analysis of the data used is multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS version 25. Based on the results of data processing, it can be concluded that financial rewards, labor market considerations, family environment and work flexibility have a positive and significant effect on interest in becoming a public accountant. Keywords: Interests, Public Accountants, Financial Awards, Labor Market Considerations, Family Environment and Work Flexibility

Factors Affecting Career Selection as a Public Accountant

This study aims to determine whether financial rewards, labor market considerations, family environment, professional recognition, and work environment have a positive effect on student interest in choosing a career as a public accountant. The population in this study is students at the University in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. The sampling method used is purposive sampling. This research is study quantitative data with primary data obtained by distributing questionnaires through google forms. The total number of samples is 100 students. A multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the influence of financial rewards, labor market considerations, family environment, professional recognition, and work environment on student interest in choosing a career as a public accountant. The results showed that financial rewards and family environment did not affect the students' interest in choosing a career as a public accountant. Meanwhile, labor market considerations, professional recognition, and work environment have a positive and significant impact on students' interest in choosing a career as a public accountant. The implication of the results of this study that is the Indonesia Public Accountants Associate (IAPI) can give more many information related to the profession of a public accountant to the student. In addition, IAPI as a regulator is expected could guard auditor professionalism so that increase the perception of students in accounting majors about profession public accountants. That thing expected could increase the interest of accounting students in choosing a career as a public accountant.

Degenderisation of paid and unpaid work in Kazakhstan?

The current article applies theoretical framework of degenderisation and aims to explore to what degree women are degenderised by state policies in the labour market and unpaid work in Kazakhstan. The study applied the qualitative research method of semi-structured focus group discussion among 30 women from Almaty and Turkestan. The findings in the current research demonstrate that women’s paid work in the labour market and unpaid work at home do not prove the degenderisation, but rather confirm genderisation process. Women bear costs of emotional, social and time resources as a result of motherhood, which results in them fulfilling less of their potential in professional sphere. There is also a strong influence of cultural factor that causes women to prevent the degenderisation and reinforces genderisation in unpaid work due to their beliefs in traditional gender roles and division of labour in family. The research contributes to theoretical significance by applying theory developed by Western authors, degenderisation, to the case of Kazakhstan.

Health benefits of physical activity for people with mental disorders: From the perspective of multidimensional subjective wellbeing.

This paper uses a large scale and nationally representative dataset, Chinese General Social Survey, to empirically examine the role of physical activity in reducing the negative effects of depression among people with mental disorders. Empirical results demonstrate that physical exercise could help to alleviate depression's adverse consequences on work and life for depressed individuals. The impact mechanism is that physical activity may decrease the severity of depression, enhance life satisfaction, improve mood, and make people have a better sense of purpose and meaning in life. Therefore, from the perspective of multidimensional subjective wellbeing, evaluative wellbeing, experienced wellbeing and eudaimonic wellbeing all play mediating roles in the reduction of depression's adverse effects. Heterogeneity analysis shows that there are no significant gender differences in the health benefits of physical exercise, but its impact tends to be more prominent for depressed individuals who are younger and higher educated, with better health status, and live in urban areas. It is also found that socioeconomic status may play an important moderating role. The health benefits of physical activity seem to be greater for depressed people who have lower income, work in the secondary labor market, and have lower levels of social capital and assets. In addition, the instrumental variable approach is used to identify the causal impact of physical activity, which further proves a significant effect of it based on tackling the endogeneity problem. Meanwhile, this paper uses different explanatory and explained variables, different statistical models, as well as machine learning and placebo techniques to conduct robustness tests, all of which lend credence to above findings.

Rationalization of the Economy through Migrant Workers in the Unorganized Sector of Kerala

Purpose: Kerala has seen a considerable influx of migrant workers from various parts of India in recent years. Kerala is an attractive job market for workers from outside the state because of higher earnings, plentiful employment options, and a scarcity of local labourers. The goal of this article is to look at the availability of casual migrant workers in Kerala's labour market as well as their impact on the state's economy. Also looked at how migrants' financial and social status improves as a result of migration. Design/Methodology/Approach: Descriptive Research was used in this study, which is focused on secondary data sources. Secondary data is gathered through books, newspapers, journals, articles, and government websites. Originality: The influences of migrant workers in the rationalization of the economy are discussed. Value: The study will aid in assessing the financial and social upliftment of migrant workers owing to migration by looking at the availability of migrant workers, labour force participation rate, worker population ratio, and wage rate. Findings: There has been a whopping increase in the number of migrant workers in the labour market of Kerala, it figured out that there were 4,12,849 migrants in 2001 and it soared to 31,50,000 migrants in 2020. It is mostly owing to increased job availability and high remuneration rates, which can be seen even in Kerala's unorganised industry. 60% of migrant workers are employed in construction, 8% in manufacturing, 7% in hotels and restaurants, 2% in trade and 2% in agriculture, with the remaining 23% engaged in other occupations. As a result of migration, people's quality of life increases. By educating people about different cultures, traditions, and languages, it enhances their social lives and encourages intergroup harmony, which in turn helps society as a whole. Paper Type: Descriptive study

Results of using patents in labor activity of foreign workers in Sverdlovsk oblast

The patent system for registration of employment of foreign workers in the domestic labor market is one of the mechanisms for their work regulation. Its introduction was preceded by preparatory work, analysis of the practice of using such tools in foreign experience. At present, there have been accumulated data that allow us to evaluate the results and develop solutions for their improvement on the basis of regional data. The purpose of the study is to analyze the effectiveness of using the system of patents for foreign workers in the labor market of Sverdlovsk oblast, as well as the revenues to the regional budget to develop recommendations for theirs increase. Analysis of data from the Department of Labor and Employment, comparison of expenses and income from the use of patents in Sverdlovsk oblast was chosen as the main research method. The results of the study show that there are reserves to improve the efficiency of the use of patents, as well as to increase tax revenues from foreign workers. According to indirect data, it can be concluded that there is an increase in the number of cases of illegal employment of foreign citizens in the territory of Sverdlovsk oblast and an increase in the number of forged documents (including documents confirming the payment of tax), which negatively affects the effectiveness of the use of patents. There is a need for reorganization of the mechanism for using patents for foreign workers, a closer integration of the state authorities of the region to maximize the effect of the use of this category of labor resources. Consolidation of responsibility for regulating the labor market of foreign workers in one supervising authority requires a separate study, now it is "scattered" over several structures that does not allow them to fully analyze and improve the efficiency of using patents.

Does Couples' Division of Labor Influence Union Dissolution? Evidence from Parents of Young Children in Chile.

We examined the role of couples' division of labor in the risk of union dissolution among parents of young children in Chile. We looked at whether specialization in the labor market and domestic work predicts union dissolution, and whether these associations differ by parents' marital status and mother's education. Using panel data from the Chilean Encuesta Longitudinal de Primera Infancia (ELPI) 2010 and 2012 waves, we found that specialization in the division of labor is associated with a lower probability of union dissolution among parents of young children in Chile. Unlike prior evidence for the US and the Netherlands, specialization is stabilizing for both married and cohabiting couples. However, there are differences by mother's education. Among mothers with high school education or less, specialization in the division of labor is associated with a lower probability of divorce and separation. On the other hand, among mothers with at least some college education, specialization has no advantage over equality in generating more union stability. Our findings shed light on how the interaction of couple's division of labor and socioeconomic disadvantage may create unequal economic prospects for women and their children following union dissolution.

Analisis Penghargaan Finansial, Pertimbangan Pasar Kerja Dan Persepsi Standar Audit Terhadap Minat Mahasiswa Akuntansi Dalam Pemilihan Karir Menjadi Auditor

A career as an auditor is considered to have good prospects. However, the fact is, the number of accounting graduates each year is not proportional to the growth of auditors in Indonesia. This phenomenon can be a big enough opportunity for graduate accounting students to have a career in the field of auditors. This study aims to determine the effect of financial rewards, labor market considerations, work environment and perceptions of auditing standards on the interest of accounting students in choosing a career as an auditor. This type of research includes quantitative research using primary data obtained from distributing questionnaires. The population in this study were Accounting students of ITB AAS Indonesia with a sample of 86 students determined by purposive sampling technique. The analytical method in this study uses multiple regression analysis statistics. The results of this study are the financial rewards variable and the perception of audit standards have a significant effect on the interest of accounting students in choosing a career to become auditors, while the labor market considerations variable have no significant effect on the interest of accounting students in choosing a career as an auditor.

Precarious Work and Intermittent Life Trajectories in a Portuguese Gig Economy

Abstract Rapid advances in technology brought dramatic changes into the labour market, regarding precarious, flexible and informal work. The gig economy has enabled new forms of labour exploitation, social exclusion, intermittent and vulnerable professional trajectories. Not having fully recovered from the Great Recession, the Portuguese society is crossing a Covid-19 global pandemic which has accelerated the digitalisation and platformisation of work fecting not only the value chains, but the labour market dynamics in a heterogenous way. Between 2019 and 2020, 53 in-depth interviews were conducted with precarious workers in Portugal, comprising a focus on 15 life trajectories from digital platform workers. Through their voices, it was concluded that job insecurity is deeply intertwined with the global supply chain management operated by algorithmic control. Most of platform companies threaten established employment relationships, atomising workers who live in the present time without any future aspirations.

Work from home and daily time allocations: evidence from the coronavirus pandemic.

The emergence and spread of the novel coronavirus in the U.S. were quickly followed by a widespread expansion in remote work eligibility, which, in turn, led to necessary alignments between pre-existing household management schedules and new home-based work schedules for many of those who worked from home (WFH) during the COVID-19 pandemic. We use 24-hour time diary data from the 2010–2020 American Time Use Survey to examine how major daily time allocations of those who WFH changed during the pandemic compared with those who worked away from home (WAFH). Before the pandemic, we find that those who WFH spent significantly less time working, commuting to work, grooming, and eating away from home, but significantly more time sleeping, socializing, relaxing, doing housework, caring for children, shopping, preparing food, and eating at home. During the pandemic, we find generally small and statistically insignificant changes in the time allocations of those who WAFH, but several large and significant changes in uses of time for those who WFH. A noteworthy intra-pandemic increase was in time devoted to labor market work by those who WFH, which almost halved the pre-pandemic WAFH-WFH difference. Results also show large and significant reductions in time devoted to other activities during the pandemic, including work-related travel, socializing, doing housework, shopping, shopping-related travel, and eating away from home. The intra-pandemic redistribution of time by those who WFH may have health and quality-of-life implications that should be assessed as the pandemic subsides and WFH becomes a more common feature of post-pandemic life.

Digital Transformation, the Future of Work and Women: The Case of the European Union

Digital transformation and technological advances are in the process of transforming work. This transformation is perceived both as a threat or an opportunity by workers, citizens, policymakers, and businesses. Whether and to what extent the digital transformation will qualitatively change labor markets and welfare states is intensely debated. When these topics are evaluated in terms of gender, how women are positioned in the labor market where new technologies occur becomes significant. This study examines the effects of digital transformation on women in the labor market in the European Union (EU) context. The research question of how digital transformation affects women in the context of the future of work will be examined within the framework of the discussions on gender and digital transformation in the labor market, use of technology, digital skills, and gender stereotyping in the labor market, artificial intelligence (AI), cyber violence, and care work.