Work Diaries Research Articles

Evaluation of a self-monitoring protocol for assessing soot and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure among chimney sweeps.

Traditional methods for measuring chemical exposure have challenges in terms of obtaining sufficient data; therefore, improved methods for better assessing occupational exposure are needed. One possible approach to mitigate these challenges is to use self-monitoring methods such as sensors, diaries, or biomarkers. In the present study, a self-monitored method for measuring soot exposure, which included real-time air monitoring, a work diary, and the collection of urine samples, was evaluated. To validate the method, exposure measurements during the workday and diary entries were compared with velocities calculated from GPS tracking and the expected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) metabolite patterns in urine. The method was applied with chimney sweeps, an occupational group at a high risk of many severe health outcomes and for whom effective control measures for reducing exposure are needed. In the study, 20 chimney sweeps followed a self-monitoring protocol for 8 consecutive workdays. Personal exposure to soot was measured as black carbon (BC) using micro-aethalometers. A diary was used to record the work tasks performed, and urine samples were collected and analysed for PAH metabolites. From the expected 160 full day measurements, 146 (91%) BC measurements and 149 (93%) diaries were collected. From the expected 320 urine samples, 304 (95%) were collected. The tasks noted in the diaries overlapped with information obtained from the GPS tracking of the chimney sweeps, which covered 96% of the measurement time. The PAH metabolites in urine increased during the work week. Factors believed to have positively influenced the sample collection and task documentation were the highly motivated participants and the continuous presence of trained occupational hygiene professionals during the planning of the study and throughout the measurement stage, during which they were available to inform, instruct, and address questions. In conclusion, the self-monitored protocol used in this study with chimney sweeps is a valuable and valid method that can be used to collect larger numbers of samples. This is especially valuable for occupations in which the employees are working independently and the exposure is difficult to monitor with traditional occupational hygiene methods.

15 December 1929, “Tying Trees at Robinzon’s”; 16 December 1929, “Unemployed”—A Work Diary (1928–1931) of a Jewish Agricultural Laborer in the Establishment of the Citrus Orchards in Eretz Israel

This article presents a detailed analysis of a unique item from the author’s family archive: the work diary of his grandfather, Mordechai Livnat (Libman). In this diary, Livnat meticulously recorded, between 1928 and 1931, the details of his work as an agricultural laborer in Herzliya—at the time, a small village in the central part of Eretz Israel (aka pre-State Israel)—primarily during the establishment of the new colony’s citrus orchards. The diary documents employment details, employer information, working hours, and wages received. Quantitative and qualitative analyses of the information contained in the diary paint a comprehensive picture that allows us to learn about the lives of Jewish agricultural laborers in Eretz Israel at that time. In particular, the hardships faced by these workers stand out, primarily job insecurity, which manifested mainly in their dependence on the weather and the need to work for multiple employers. This article also sheds light on aspects related to agricultural work before the introduction of technological advancements to the agricultural sector, which was mainly manual then, and its impact on the daily routine of the agricultural laborer. The diary is analyzed using an inductive approach—from the text outwards—in a way that emphasizes the complexity and importance of the connections between the macro and micro in historical research. This way, it is demonstrated how items collected during genealogy research can shed important light on historical knowledge, and not just the other way around.

Quick returns, sleep, sleepiness and stress - An intra-individual field study on objective sleep and diary data.

Quick returns (<11 hours of rest between shifts) have been associated with shortened sleep length and increased sleepiness, but previous efforts have failed to find effects on sleep quality or stress. A shortcoming of most previous research has been the reliance on subjective measures of sleep. The aim of this study was to combine diary and actigraphy data to investigate intra-individual differences in sleep length, sleep quality, sleepiness, and stress during quick returns compared to day-day transitions. Of 225 nurses and assistant nurses who wore actigraphy wristbands and kept a diary of work and sleep for seven days, a subsample of 90 individuals with one observation of both a quick return and a control condition (day-day transition) was extracted. Sleep quality was assessed with actigraphy data on sleep fragmentation and subjective ratings of perceived sleep quality. Stress and sleepiness levels were rated every third hour throughout the day. Shifts were identified from self-reported working hours. Data was analyzed in multilevel models. Quick returns were associated with 1 hour shorter sleep length [95% confidence interval (CI) -1.23- -0.81], reduced subjective sleep quality (-0.49, 95% CI -0.69- -0.31), increased anxiety at bedtime (-0.38, 95% CI -0.69- -0.08) and increased worktime sleepiness (0.45, 95%CI 0.22- 0.71), compared to day-day transitions. Sleep fragmentation and stress ratings did not differ between conditions. The findings of impaired sleep and increased sleepiness highlight the need for caution when scheduling shift combinations with quick returns.

Epistemologies and Aesthetics of Curriculum, Pedagogical Praxis and Assessment in the Visual Arts: A Comparative Analysis of the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme and the New South Wales Stage 6 Visual Arts Syllabus

AbstractWe compare epistemologies and aesthetics in the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme and the Australian New South Wales Stage 6 Visual Arts Syllabus, focusing on curriculum content, pedagogical praxis, and assessment strategies. Both curricula feature making, reflexivity, and critique. International Baccalaureate components are Exhibition, the Process Portfolio, and the Comparative Study. In New South Wales Visual Arts they are the Body of Work and Visual Diary. Issues are the teacher as curriculum; uneven resources; shifting contexts and formulating standardized expectations. In both, qualitative assessment and examination are achieved via articulating criteria and levels of achievement, and examiner training. In International Baccalaureate, what counts as good work can vary in relation to Principal Examiner standards, particularities of context, pedagogy, and resources, with work ranging from sophisticated installations, to anime, to the school art style. In New South Wales Visual Art aesthetic conventions are reinforced because the system is less distributed than International Baccalaureate, where aesthetics become engrained, perpetuating conventions around what counts as good art. In spite of supervening assessment structures, teaching, learning, and assessment in visual arts education is always highly qualitative, unfolding, and rooted in the situated shifting conditions and ways of being in the world of each teacher, student, artwork, examiner, artist, and scholar.

‘Digital Tournaments’: the colonisation of freelancers’ ‘free’ time and unpaid labour in the online platform economy

Abstract This article challenges positive views of the assumed relationships between skills, productivity and rewards in self-employed digital freelancing. It suggests that the upfront investments made by freelancers to build up positive platform ratings are not necessarily recouped in the form of increased autonomy, guaranteed work or more lucrative ‘gigs’. Drawing on 38 autobiographical narrative interviews and 12 audio working diaries with diverse online freelancers in Europe, we show how the low barriers to enter platform work provide opportunities for those with limited work experience and other commitments outside of work. However, the intense competition between an ever-expanding pool of (both skilled and unskilled) task freelancers within ‘digital tournaments’ results in the colonisation of worker’s free time, and the normalisation of unpaid labour. This implies that ‘free time’ for freelancers is largely an illusion. Furthermore, the significant ‘sunk costs’ that freelancers make in terms of time, platform-specific skills, reputation and networks are not fully recovered and cannot be transferred to other platforms.

Finding Kokoro through the Eyes: Butoh in Roberta Carreri’s Work and Pedagogy

In 1984, Roberta Carreri, Odin Teatret actress since 1974, saw Niwa (The Garden), a Butoh dance performance by Muteki-Sha, and attended a three-day workshop with Natsu Nakajima, direct heir of the Butoh pioneer Tatsumi Hijikata. In 1986, she traveled to Japan to work with Natsu Nakajima and Kazuo Ohno. The meeting with the Asian masters changed her approach to training and the creative process. For her, the most remarkable aspect of this apprenticeship was the work with the eyes. The way the eyes are used in Butoh conditioned Carreri’s training and the creative process of her solo performance Judith (1988). Since those same years, the Italian actress has been developing her own pedagogy. Today, she travels globally leading the workshop Dance of Intentions, which includes “flexing the eyes,” an exercise whereby the actress transmits to trainees how it is possible to shape the quality of scenic presence through the eyes. Drawing on a rich bibliography, Roberta Carreri’s work diaries, unpublished documents, and audiovisual materials kept at the Odin Teatret Archives, this paper aims to analyze how the actress embodied the ability to find the kokoro (Japanese for “heart” or “soul”), its application to the creative process and the performance, as well as her pedagogic work, and how this Butoh apprenticeship conditioned her professional identity.

Effects of a mobile health intervention on activities of stress self-management for workers.

Mobile health interventions are being widely tried because of their attractive advantages. However, there is not enough evidence for its effectiveness. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of mobile app-based stress management intervention (mSMI) on highly stressed workers. A sample of 82 white-collar workers with elevated symptoms of perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale-10≥22) were randomly assigned to the intervention or control group. The mSMI consisted of three modules: self-management including a work diary, counseling based on cognitive behavioral therapy and interventions focused on music, meditation, relaxation and image healings. Self-report data were collected at the baseline and post-intervention. Study outcomes analyzed perceived stress, anxiety, depression, and work engagement. Data were assessed using analysis of covariance with covariates. There was significantly reduced perceived stress from baseline to 6 weeks in mSMI (t = 5.788, p < 0.001) and control group (t = 3.184, p = 0.003). After adjusting for covariates, the between-group difference in the perceived stress was significantly different (F = 4.051, p = 0.048); however, the effect size was small. There was no significant intervention effect on anxiety, depression, and work engagement. The process evaluation indicated that most participants (85.3%) were satisfied with the intervention and their mental health benefited. This study found that mobile health intervention facilitated perceived stress management for highly stressed workers. Further studies should address job-related outcomes and mental health symptoms in workers by applying the latest information technology and addressing the limitations of mobile interventions.

Efektivitas Aplikasi Program e-Kinerja Berbasis e-Government (Studi Kasus pada Bagian Sumber Daya (BAGSUMDA) Polresta Sidoarjo)

This study aims to analyze the Effectiveness of the E-Government-Based E-Performance Program Application in the Resources Section of the Sidoarjo Police. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method with a case study approach. The existence of the E-Kinerja application can increase work transparency and personnel welfare by getting benefits according to performance results. The data sources used are secondary data and primary data obtained through interviews, observations and documentation. There are six variables to measure program effectiveness, namely 1) Program Understanding 2) Right on Target 3) On Time 4) Achievement of Goals 5) Real Change 6) Availability of Facilities and Infrastructure. The research results show that the Effectiveness of the E-Performance Program Application in the Resources Section (Bagsumda) of the Sidoarjo Police is said to be Effective, there are seven sub-indicators that are already running well, namely Performance Achievement, Program Realization to be achieved by an institution, Performance Transparency, Improvement Performance, Work Achievement, Employee Welfare, and Applications. However, there are indicators that have not gone well, namely, the time used to fill out the E-Kinerja, there are still personnel who are late filling out the Work Diary and the available Internet is still slow

A Decade of Upheaval: The Cultural Revolution in Rural China

The official verdict of China's government is that the Cultural Revolution, which lasted from May 1966 to October 1976, “was responsible for the most severe setback and the heaviest losses suffered by the party, the state, and the people since the founding of the People's Republic” (1). After a decade of upheaval, the Chinese economy had come to the verge of collapse, and its political system was in disarray. State leaders began to redesign development strategies, policies, and plans. However, academic research on this period is rather scarce and lacks systematic studies on county-level factional politics throughout the entire Cultural Revolution. Dong Guoqiang and Andrew G. Walder's A Decade of Upheaval fills the void.This fascinating book is split into nine chapters plus a preface, chronology, glossary of names, bibliography, and index. It is organized chronologically and thematically, with the result being a historical cloud in which the reader is left to discern causality on their own. The book analyzes political struggle and violence during the Cultural Revolution in a rural Chinese county, grounded in evidentiary detail and making a number of novel observations. The authors focus their study on a remote and marginal county of northwest China, Feng County, and on Zhang Lianshen, a major rebel leader and a founder of one of the county's two factional alliances (Paolian and Liansi), who was intimately involved in all of the major political events in the county over the upheaval decade.Through researching Feng County's Cultural Revolutionary history, the authors shed light on four essential themes of political conflicts that have long been obscure. First, the authors point out that the remote location did not insulate the county from national political trends but only delayed their initial impact. County-level political conflicts were deeply affected by national political trends to a remarkable degree, as each twist and turn in Beijing's policies reverberated in the county in ways that altered the balance of power between two deeply opposed and clearly defined political factions.Second, the authors show that once the factions had clearly formed, and after violent encounters between them spread, the driving force of the escalating conflict was the realization that defeat would mean victimization at the hands of one's enemies. They also reveal in remarkable detail the deep involvement of China's armed forces in the definition and perpetuation of county-level factionalism. The struggle in Feng County was pushed forward by the absence of a neutral authority that could credibly enforce a cease-fire and ensure the evenhanded treatment of the two sides. Essentially, it was a struggle for survival.Third, the conflicts in Feng County were connected to broader factional disputes in the surrounding prefecture and province. Finally, the authors show how the prolonged deterioration of political authority and public order, and in many ways a deep fracturing of the social fabric, public trust, and citizen morale, resulted from this decade of conflict and oppression.This book creatively utilizes the methodology of historical anthropology and sociology and combines observations in the field with documentary analysis, drawing on an unusual level of evidentiary detail. Through interviewing key participants in the events, such as sixteen former activists, local officials, leaders of both factions, soldiers, and local collectors of Cultural Revolution memorabilia, the authors gained access to firsthand historical materials. Even more essential than these oral testimonies, the authors accessed the work notebooks and diaries of those involved in the events of the period, which were taken during conferences, study classes, and other meetings. They also extensively collected documents from several levels of government authorities, including the flow of directives and notices from authorities in Beijing, the provincial authorities in Jiangsu, and the prefectural authorities in Xuzhou. They also draw on internal bulletins and documents issued by a range of interim authorities in the county during the long period in which it remained under some form of military control, from March 1967 to September 1969.Additionally, the authors supplement official documents with unofficial materials issued by each of the county's two political factions, such as handbills and wall posters, selected copies of periodicals, chronologies of events, confessions, and self-criticisms written by individuals and by leaders of factions, and several unpublished memoirs and book drafts.This book has made a number of significant contributions to our current knowledge of the history of the Cultural Revolution. By examining rural Feng County, the authors add a new research dimension that should offer a deeper understanding of the Cultural Revolution as a whole, as well as help to explain the structural flaws of the Stalinist-Maoist political model.

Mental health risk factors for shift work disorder in paramedics: A longitudinal study

ObjectivesDepression and anxiety are prominent in paramedics, as is the prevalence of shift work disorder (SWD), a circadian sleep condition comorbid with mental health disorders. However, the role of mental health risk factors for SWD is largely unknown. This study investigated whether mental health levels in recruit paramedics before shift work predicted greater risk of SWD at 6-months into their career and explored whether shift and sleep factors mediated this relationship. DesignA longitudinal study. SettingVictoria, Australia. ParticipantsRecruit paramedics were assessed at baseline (n = 101; ie, pre-shift work) and after 6-months (n = 93) of shift and emergency work. MeasurementsAt both time points, participants completed self-reported measures of depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire-7), and SWD (SWD-Screening Questionnaire). Participants also filled a sleep and work diary for 14-days at each timepoint. ResultsAfter 6-months of emergency work 21.5% of paramedics had a high SWD risk. Logistic regression models showed baseline depression predicted 1.24-times greater odds for SWD at 6-months. Through Lavaan path analysis we found shift and sleep variables did not mediate the relationship between baseline mental health and SWD risk. Baseline depression was associated with increased sleepiness levels following paramedics’ major sleep periods at 6-months. Pre-existing depression levels also predicted greater perceived nightshift workload. ConclusionsOur results highlight depression symptoms before emergency work are a risk factor for SWD within 6-months of work. Depression represents a modifiable risk factor amenable to early interventions to reduce paramedics’ risk of SWD.

O066 The Impact of Work Break Characteristics on Sleep Duration in Heavy Vehicle Drivers

Abstract Introduction Heavy vehicle drivers (HVDs) frequently experience reduced sleep due to travelling long distances under non-standard work hours. Short sleep in HVDs can increase risk of motor vehicle crashes and falling asleep while driving. This study sought to examine the influence of break duration between shifts, break onset time, and prior shift duration on HVDs’ total sleep time (TST) between consecutive work shifts, and the interaction between break duration and break onset time. Methods Twenty-seven HVDs’ sleep and shift work were monitored for up to nine weeks through actigraphy, sleep diaries, and work diaries. Differences in TST between consecutive shifts and days off were assessed. Linear mixed models and pairwise comparisons evaluated the impact of break duration, break onset time, and prior shift duration on TST between shifts. Results TST was significantly lower between consecutive shifts (M=6.38-hours) compared to days off (M=7.63-hours), p&amp;lt;.001. Longer break durations were associated with more TST, p&amp;lt;.001. Break durations up to 7-, 9-, and 11-hours resulted in, on average, 4.76-, 5.66-, and 6.41-hours of sleep, respectively. Breaks starting between 00:01-08:00h led to shorter TST compared to breaks starting between 16:01-20:00h, p&amp;lt;.05. Prior shift duration and the interaction between break duration and break onset time were not associated with TST. Discussion HVDs’ TST between workdays are independently impacted by break duration and break onset time. Break durations between 7-11-hours, reflecting Australian and European break guidelines, result in insufficient sleep. Work regulations must evaluate appropriate break durations and break onset times to allow adequate sleep in HVDs.

The impact of break duration, time of break onset, and prior shift duration on the amount of sleep between shifts in heavy vehicle drivers.

This study aimed to examine the impact of break duration between consecutive shifts, time of break onset, and prior shift duration on total sleep time (TST) between shifts in heavy vehicle drivers (HVDs), and to assess the interaction between break duration and time of break onset. The sleep (actigraphy and sleep diaries) and work shifts (work diaries) of 27 HVDs were monitored during their usual work schedule for up to 9 weeks. Differences in TST between consecutive shifts and days off were assessed. Linear mixed models (followed by pairwise comparisons) assessed whether break duration, prior shift duration, time of break onset, and the interaction between break duration and break onset were related to TST between shifts. Investigators found TST between consecutive shifts (mean [SD] 6.38[1.38]h) was significantly less than on days off (mean [SD] 7.63[1.93]h; p < 0.001). Breaks starting between 12:01 and 8:00 a.m. led to shorter sleep (p < 0.05) compared to breaks starting between 4:01 and 8:00 p.m. Break durations up to 7, 9, and 11 h (Australian and European minimum break durations) resulted in a mean (SD) of 4.76(1.06), 5.66(0.77), and 6.41(1.06)h of sleep, respectively. The impact of shift duration prior to the break and the interaction between break duration and time of break were not significant. HVDs' sleep between workdays is influenced independently by break duration and time of break onset. This naturalistic study provides evidence that current break regulations prevent sufficient sleep duration in this industry. Work regulations should evaluate appropriate break durations and break onset times to allow longer sleep opportunities for HVDs.

СТИЛІСТИКА РОМАНУ ЮРІЯ КОСАЧА «ВОЛОДАРКА ПОНТИДИ»

The article is devoted to the study of the specifics of Yuriy Kosach adventure novel «The ruler of Pontida». It identifies its idea and issues, the place of this genre in the system of genre modifications and among the historical works of the author. A specific form of the work ‒ diary affects the merging of the image of the narrator and the image of the author. The novel is written on behalf of an imaginary historical figure using the «book» language of the XVIII century, which the author preserves with minor edits. All this determines the use of specific language tools that determine the style of the work and the features of individual authorial style. We consider Latinisms, Makaronizms, Polonisms and author’s neologisms which are forming the lexica of the work. We also study phraseological units, which are classified by origin and method of use. Foreign language borrowings call particular interest. The author submits them with an explanation or translation. We investigated transformed or individually-authorial novel’s phraseology. Attention is paid to stylistic figures in the novel and the purpose of their use. In particular, such as gradation, aposiopesis, polysyndeton, asyndeton, pleonasm, tautology, repetition, paronomasia, antithesis, rhetorical question, question and answer are considered. Among the syntactic means insert words are considered and six groups are distinguished in terms of their meaning. Attention is paid to the inserted constructions, ways of their introduction, structural expression (phrases, simple and different types of complex sentences) and complications (question marks, exclamations, citations and phrases). Their combination and sentences saturation by them are noted.

Victor Segalen, Essai sur l’exotisme, une esthétique du divers: scénario. Édité et annoté par Valérie Bucheli

Crucial to his endeavour as a writer, argued Victor Segalen in June 1916, was the concept of exoticism as ‘une Esthétique du Divers’. The formulation served as subtitle for his Essai sur l’exotisme, which was to remain a work in progress. Published versions of it only appeared decades after his death in 1919. It was first printed (as ‘Notes sur l’Exotisme’) in the Mercure de France in 1955 and there followed editions by Fata Morgana (1978), Livre de poche (1986), and Robert Laffont, in its Victor Segalen: Œuvres complètes (1995). Across these various editions, Valérie Bucheli sees broad confirmation of the 1955 version. For the new publication brought out by Droz, Bucheli has revisited the original manuscript of the Essai, which comprises a dossier of folios held at the Bibliothèque nationale de France. Noting that some of these do not feature in the earlier editions, Bucheli chooses to include them, arguing that the text needs to be read not as an essay but rather as the work diary (running between 1904 and 1918) for a project that remained fragmentary and exploratory in character. Beyond providing an exhaustive transcription of the full range of feuillets, Bucheli also departs from earlier editorial practice by re-ordering the fragments. Her chapter contents are informed by rubrics which Segalen provided for the structure of his work. Bucheli’s editorial apparatus is rigorous and painstaking. She attends carefully to the various intertextual links signalled, sometimes obliquely, by Segalen and provides a full bibliography of his sources. In addition, we have three indexes: one of names, one of concepts, and a third providing an exhaustive list of the feuillets in the BnF dossier and of their location in the new edition. Of particular note among the annexes included is a substantial, detailed set of notes reflecting Segalen’s reading of Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason. (These can now also be found in Victor Segalen, Œuvres, ed. by Christian Doumet, 2 vols (Paris: Gallimard, 2020), i, 787–802.) The reproduction of a small number of facsimiles from the original manuscript (with accompanying transcriptions) shows Segalen’s extremely neat handwriting and his methodical listing of a complex series of exoticisms. The lacunae in the original dossier are respected in the new edition, with the suggestive rubrics ‘Exotisme spatial’, ‘Exotisme des plantes et des animaux’, and ‘Exotisme extra-terrestre: les mondes martiens et autres’, each featuring as a single-page entry (pp. 49, 50, 63). The layout of the Droz edition thus conveys Segalen’s wide-ranging and capacious understanding of the exotic. In a similar way, his pithy ‘Me défendre d’être colonial’ on Feuillet 102 is to be explained and read, as Bucheli points out (p. 74, n. 184), as a counter-argument to a press cutting from La Dépêche coloniale of 17 December 1913 on the subject of ‘[les] âmes de ceux que la conquête a assujettis’ and the colonial hope of finding a French Kipling. Bucheli’s accomplished edition allows for fuller appreciation of a text whose author’s modest-sounding ‘une page en moyenne, par jour’ (p. 27) belies a project of intense seriousness and scope.

Contour in Time: The Plays of Eugene O'Neill

Contour in Time: The Plays of Eugene O'Neill

Exploring the ways of studying academic identity as a dynamic discursive performance: the use of diary as a method

ABSTRACT As universities are undergoing transformations produced by trends towards marketisation, massification, new public management, and ‘third mission’ of socio-economic impact, higher education (HE) researchers are increasingly concerned with the implications of the HE sector change on academic practice, professional identities, and even wellbeing. This paper is situated within the complex interplay of policy incentives and governance mechanisms that appear to be resulting in the rising bifurcation and precariousness of academic careers and identities. In this context, drawing on a pilot study of ‘third space’ academic identities, and the methodology that combines work diaries and narrative interviews, it discusses the use(fulness) of (inter)action-, positionality-, and affect-driven methods in studying the academic identity construction. It argues that diverse methods that go beyond the usual interview- and questionnaire-based approaches are needed to better understand and support the existing and emergent academic practices and communities.

Experiential Learning by Business Students on Short-Term Study Tours

This study incorporates a qualitative, case study based approach to analyze the impact of a short domestic study tour on business students of a Mumbai based college. The methods for data collection were structured questionnaires, feedback forms, interviews, focus groups, and work diaries. Short and economical study tours within the country have succeeded tremendously in their objective and have provided a very high level of learning experiences. There is strong evidence of experiential learning which seem to produce a significant, almost magical, impact on students.

P052 Mental health predictors for shift work disorder in paramedics during their early career

Abstract Introduction Shift work disorder (SWD) involves excessive sleepiness and/or insomnia and is associated with poor health outcomes in those affected. This study assessed the prevalence of and risk factors for SWD during the first six-months of paramedics’ careers. Furthermore, the study explored potential mediators in the relationship between mental health and SWD risk. Methods Recruit paramedics’ (n=101) SWD risk (SWD-Screening Questionnaire) was assessed at baseline (i.e., before shift work) and at six-months after engaging in shift work as a graduate paramedic. Logistic regression models assessed whether baseline depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9) and baseline anxiety (Generalised Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire-7) predicted a high risk for SWD at six-months. Lavaan path analysis was used to assess whether shift and sleep variables, created from participants’ sleep and work diaries, mediated the relationship between mental health and SWD risk. Results After six-months of emergency work 21.5% of paramedics were high risk for SWD. Baseline depression predicted 1.28-times greater odds for SWD at six-months. Shift and sleep variables were not mediators in the relationship between baseline mental health and subsequent SWD risk. Baseline depression was independently associated with increased sleepiness levels following paramedics’ major sleep periods across all work conditions (nightshift, workdays, and non-workdays) at six-months. Depression levels before shift work also predicted a greater perceived workload on nightshifts. Conclusions Depression symptoms before starting shift work are a modifiable risk factor for SWD. Moreover, the first six-months of paramedics’ careers is a critical period for implementing preventative measures for SWD, including interventions to decrease depression symptoms.

The Iceman Cometh: “An unique dramatic achievement” (Tennessee Williams, letter to Eugene O'Neill, November 6, 1946)

<i>The Iceman Cometh</i>: “An unique dramatic achievement” (Tennessee Williams, letter to Eugene O'Neill, November 6, 1946)

Luria in Kisegach. Part 3

This is the third part of the article about the work and life of A.R. Luria in Kisegach which presents a unique document The Work Diary. A notebook with this name served him for daily records of studies of patients. It is kept in the family archive of Luria. This part publishes entries in the Diary from January 8 to June 22, 1943. The afterword to the notes tells about the generalization of clinical materials collected in Kisegach in the scientific works of A. R. Luria, about the perception of the scientist by his patients. It also supplements the history of the relationships between A. R. Luria and A. V. Zaporozhets according to the memoirs of the wife of Zaporozhets T. O. Ginevskaya (2005) and the daughter of L. S. Vygotsky G. L. Vygodskaya (2005). For this purpose, the materials of Luria's book The Lost and Returned World or The Man with a Shattered World (1971/1972) and the book of memoirs about A. V. Zaporozhets (Paramonova, 2005) have been employed. In general, the article shows an intense and fruitful work of scientists in the Kisegach hospital.