Working Conditions Of Workers Research Articles

The Public-Private Partnership Model in the Management of Early Childhood Policy in Medellin: Case Study

Objective: State outsourcing of the provision of health care policies is part of the neoliberal model. Early childhood policy in Medellin is managed under the public-private partnership modality with private non-profit institutions. The purpose of this study was to establish the philosophical foundations of the policy, the state’s control over the policy, pressure from interest groups and the working conditions of workers. Method: It is a qualitative study. Results: It was found that the philosophical foundations of the policy are public because the rights of the child inspire it; the state (city government) leads the policy, defines the guidelines and supervises compliance of objectives. However, the policy is carried out at the expense of the labor rights of professionals, and there is pressure on hiring by interest groups. Conclusion: The outsourcing of public policies to local non-profit organizations has adverse outcomes similar to policy outsourcing carried out through private companies.

Hygienic and clinical functional aspects of health status in phthalate production

Introduction. Polyesters of terephthalic acids are major products of organic synthesis, widely used in various industries: for packing materials production, including those for foods and medicaments. Polyesters of terephthalic acids are stable chemicals and highly toxic with cumulative eff ects. Phthalates production requires further studies. Objective. To determine hygienic and clinical functional aspects of workers’ health formation in phthalates production. Materials and methods. Special clinical functional study covered workers who first started work activity in production of terephthalic acids, purified terephthalic acid and polyethylene terephthalate over 5 years of JSC “POLYEF” exploitation. Hematologic, cytochemical, biochemical and immunologic studies covered workers with primary 5-year service in the production. Hygienic evaluation covered work conditions of workers engaged into production of terephthalic acid polyesters. Results. Th e work conditions are characterized by increased level of terephthalic acids from 1.5 to 2.8 MACs. By 5 years of service, most the workers demonstrate anemia, reticulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, eosinophilia, lymphocytosis, lower enzymatic activity. Investigations also covered the most marked and early changes in cardiovascular, nervous systems, ENT organs, locomotory system and connective tissue. Major factors infl uencing the stated disorders are acting concentrations of terephthalic acid, exceeding MAC 1.5–2.8 times; character of infl uence caused by complex of chemicals with acute and unidirectional action; occupational noise exceeding MAL of 5–21 dBA. Conclusions. General principles of occupational factors action: anemic syndrome; polymorphic regulatory disorders of metabolism; sensitization, allergization; formation of secondary immune defi ciency of cytopenia type; vegetative vascular disorders — the most fr equent and early syndrome of clinical and structural health disorders; locomotory disorders caused probably by phthalates toxicity; upper respiratory tract disorders (summarized eff ects of chemical irritants); specifi c changes associated with increased noise parameters (vegetative disorders, hypertension, neurosensory deafness, etc.).

Evaluating biologic factor at workplaces: questions and suggestions

Introduction.Special evaluation of work conditions sometimes fails in identifying biologic factor as an occupational hazard in work with infected and (or) potentially infected materials (including field, clinical, autopsy samples) suspicious for presence of pathogenic biologic agents, as well as considering allergic component in biologic factor’s influence on workers exposed.Objectiveis to improve methods of identification and evaluation of biologic factor, criteria and classification of work conditions for workers exposed to pathogenic biologic agents, for more objective assessment of their work conditions.Materials and methods.Based on Rospotrebnadzor data, the authors analyzed occupational morbidity caused by exposure to biologic factors over 2005–2017. Analysis also covered work conditions of workers exposed to biologic factors, according to results of workplace certification by work conditions, performed by Testing Laboratory FGBNU «NII MT» over 2001–2013 at 1024 workplaces of medical and non-medical personnel in medical institutions of Moscow, 26 workplaces of FGBNU «N.F. Gamaleya National Research Institute of epidemiology and microbiology» with RF Health Ministry, 32 workplaces in purification facilities MGUP «Promotkhody». Analysis of the work conditions over 2014–2017 was based on results of special evaluation of work conditions at 326 workplaces (data by FGBNU «NII MT»).Results and discussion.The authors scientifically justified ways to improve quality and adequacy of work conditions evaluation by biologic factor at workplaces of individuals exposed to biologic pathogens. To objectify the work conditions evaluation by biologic factor, the authors suggested a «Classification of work conditions under exposure to biologic factor» that helped to identify and evaluate health risks with consideration of all biologic objects at the workplaces.Conclusion.Suggested «Classification of work conditions under exposure to biologic factor» helps to identify and evaluate biologic factor as an occupational hazard at all workplaces with pathogenic microbes, as well as analyze occupational health risks for workers and justify measures to minimize those risks.

Hygienic basis of working conditions for workers employed growing vegetables in closed ground

Hygienic basis of working conditions for workers employed growing vegetables in closed ground

Analysis and hygienic assessment of 9-year dynamics of morbidity with temporary disability in shipbuilders

The authors studied dynamics of transitory disablement morbidity in shipbuilders with small length of service, using annual increase of health risk parameters and comparing these parameters with those in the workers with longer length of service. Over 10 years, the observation covered demographic characteristics, health state (transitory disablement morbidity, medical examination data) and work conditions of workers, specialists and authorities of major shipbuilding enterprise. Overall amount of the observations of transitory disablement morbidity equalled to 15995 human-hours. Annual increase of health risk is the most adequate and necessary criteria in risk-oriented approach to evaluation and forecasting of occupational hazards’ influence on workers’ health. Hazard degree of work conditions in workers with 1–4 years of service in higher than that in the same occupation workers with longer length of service. Maximal values of transitory disablement morbidity are seen on 4th year of service. Optimal range of service for transitory disablement morbidity analysis is 1–2 years interval for hazard degree 4, 1–3 years for hazard degree 3, 1–4 years for hazard degree 2, and 1–10 years for hazard degree 1.

Г.Н. Потанин – великий путешественник, ученый, демократ

G.N. Potanin is one of the great travelers who made a significant contribution to the studies of Central Asia and Kazakhstan. During his trips to Kazakhstan, the researcher did not limit himself with physical and geographical description of the localities covered by the expedition, he established the regions of Kazakhstan suitable for farming and noted that in these places the Kazakhs successfully develop land without external motives. G.N. Potanin studied the life, customs, beliefs, culture, legends of various peoples inhabiting the territory of Central Asia including Kazakhs and their clan-tribal composition with great interest. A prominent place in his study is taken by legends and tales of the Kazakh people.New in the history of Kazakhstan is the investigated by G.N. Potanin position of Kazakh farmers-eginchas, representing the estate of leaser-peasants. Afterstudying the working conditions of workers in the gold mines of Siberia and the Kazakh steppe, the scientist established that the workers both in the taiga andin the steppe are in the bondage position from the gold miners and demanded from the authorities a radical reform to improve the life of workers, regardless of their location. On the example of the Irtysh Cossacks and Kazakhs, G.N. Potanin showed the commonality of their views on the world. The friendship of Ch.Ch. Valikhanov and G.N. Potanin is the brightest example to follow for the younger generation. During the expedition to Mongolia and China 1876–1877, 1879–1880, 1884–1886 and 1899 he explored the Turkic and Mongolian monuments of antiquity and the clan-tribal composition of the population of northwestern Mongolia. The scientist described in detail the group of Utay monasteries and the shrine Ordos-Ihi-Ezhen-Khoro, the tomb of Genghis Khan. The Kazakh people highly appreciate G.N. Potanin for his democratic view.DOI 10.14258/izvasu(2017)5-07

Ergonomics in agriculture: An approach to quality life of farm communities

Ergonomics in agriculture assumes pronounced importance as it is a multidisciplinary science that endeavors to make a better fit between the job and the worker to ensure their health and safety. There can be established ways of doing agriculture work which will not only lead to sustainability but will improve the work conditions of workers through a series of smaller ergonomic steps. The research on occupational health hazards among agricultural workers reveal that all those who are engaged in agriculture confront an array of hazards, viz. physiological, mechanical, chemical and environmental. Body discomfort is prominent among farm workers and 80–85% of the respondents reported very severe to severe pain in lower back while performing agricultural activities. The overall discomfort rating scores for the agricultural activities showed that all the activities secured the rating of ‘high discomfort ’by both male and female farm workers. Educational interventions should be planned for creating awareness regarding hazards and safety in agriculture work. Ergonomically based technologies in agriculture are imperative to provide quality life to farm communities.

Labour Rights Protection in Industrial Relations Issues

Many violations of the terms of employment at Surabaya, employment protection and working conditions for workers who are not provided by employers to the maximum, according to the legislation in force, while the legal protection for workers constrained because of the weakness in the system of employment law, both the substance and the culture built by governments and companies. How To Cite: Susanto, E. (2015). Labour Rights Protection in Industrial Relations Issues. Rechtsidee, 2(2), 109-120. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.21070/jihr.v2i2.78

An Analysis of Consumer Motivations for Purchasing Fair Trade Coffee

ABSTRACTThe growth of Fair Trade has presented challenges to the core values of the initiative, which have emphasized not only improving the farmer's standard of living but also empowering producers. This study investigates factors influencing the consumer's decision to purchase Fair Trade coffee to be made at home, with a focus on what can be done to maintain the core values of fair trade while expanding its scope. The sample comprises 500 United States adults obtained from an Internet panel operated by ResearchNow. Maximum Difference Scaling (MaxDiff) analysis is used to examine reasons why consumers buy Fair Trade coffee and factors that stand in the way of them purchasing more Fair Trade coffee. Results indicate that the most important reasons for purchasing Fair Trade coffee are to improve the wages and the working conditions of workers and farmers.

Обоснование допустимого режима труда работников, занятых на выполнении подземных горных работ

Обоснование допустимого режима труда работников, занятых на выполнении подземных горных работ

Mechanical and Electrical Integration of Workpiece Transfer System

This paper analyses the movement requirements of the workpiece transfer system, the whole machine adopts the cylindrical coordinate system, which works automatically. Swinging cylinder, clamping cylinder and rotary cylinder is respectively to achieve the forward and backward movement, clamping, and transferring functions. Compared with rectangular coordinate type under the same space condition that the body occupies small volume, has large range of movement, can better meet the usage requirements and both in hardware and control program set interlock protection, which strictly follow the order to execute, only the former movement end, the latter to begin, thus the system can be safe and operate reliably. The system can work continuously in high temperature and humidity and other harsh conditions, in order to improve the working conditions of workers, reduce the labor intensity and improve the level of automation.

Grounding of an Overhead Line Conductor During Work Within the Vicinity of High Voltage

This paper describes ensuring safe working conditions for workers performing electrical installation work and maintenance on overhead lines within the vicinity of high voltage. Due to harsh operating conditions and the necessity of ensuring uninterrupted electricity supply, it is sometimes necessary to replace a conductor on a double-circuit overhead line with one circuit for normal operations. In such cases, there is a high-risk of conductor swing that may cause contact with the phase conductor of the adjacent energized circuit. The presented special “sliding grounding clamp” has been designed and constructed in order to carry the fault current to ground. It enables a good flow of the current from the drawn conductor and, thus, protects the workers from excessive “step and touch” voltage on the worksite. The sliding grounding clamp has been constructed, and tested in practice. It has also been granted a Slovenian national patent.

FUNCTIONAL STATE WORKERS EMPLOYED RECYCLING LEAD USING DIFFERENT TECHNOLOGIES

In-depth study of the working conditions of workers employed in different ways of processing of secondary lead, allowed a comparative assessment of labor conditions and to assess the impact of the production process for the voltage of the functional state of the cardiovascular system in the dynamics of the work.

Error Analysis of 6-DOF Welding Robot

Welding robot has the advantages that welding quality stability, high efficiency, improving the working conditions of workers, and it is widely applied in the manufacturing sector. A six degree of freedom welding robot configuration is presented in this paper. The kinematics model of the robot is established by DH method and its kinematics was analyzed. At last the error model of the position-pose of the robot end-effecter, produced by the influence of robot joint movement variables deviation and structure deviation, was established by the differential method. The deviation influence on the end-effecter was analyzed by numerical simulation. The results prove the error model is right, and they will provide a reliable basis for robot position error compensation and accuracy optimum design.

Hard Kaolin High Yield and Stoping Technology in Suoli Mine

The backward blasting of the mine technology and stoping technology will lead to a long time of blasting, high labor intensity and low production efficiency, which also cause roof collapse and the blast of fly rock, support fall and overthrowing the chain-trigger, which cause a larger hidden of production. Through using the mechanical mining technology of the high yielding and efficiency of kaolin, which fundamentally improve the working conditions of workers and safety working condition, will laid the foundation for the increasing of production and efficiency. The production has been promoted from 250-300t/d to 550-650t/d now, which the efficiency is increasing more than 120%. Meanwhile, the optimal of blasting parameters is benefit to roof control after blasting, which can improve the efficiency of blasting, reduce the unit consumption of dynamite, which can save about 0.115kg/ m3; and reduce the intensity of the workers and the damage of the support. This construction technique can provides a reference significance for safe and efficient construction of the mine under similar geological conditions.

Correlation Analysis of Behavioral Factors of Construction Safety Based on the Chi-Square Test

The construction safety supervision errors can lead to unsafe behavior; further affect the working conditions of workers and result in accidents at last. The probabilities of data are provided by statistical analysis between the different types of neighborhood-level factors by the independence of the chi-square test. The relationship analysis of the independence between the behavioral factors has been performed in order to find the non-independent factors. Among the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS), the impact of the high-level factors on the bottom level is determined. Based on the data, the work path of various factors in the HFACS frame is confirmed and it can be a reference for the development of the preventive measures.

Особливості гігієнічної оцінки умов праці робітників із різними формами організації трудової діяльності

Особливості гігієнічної оцінки умов праці робітників із різними формами організації трудової діяльності

SANITARY - HYGIENIC CHARACTERISTIC OF WORKING CONDITIONS AND THE STATE OF HEALTH OF WORKERS OF THE ENTERPRISE OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Working conditions in forge-and-press and foundry manufactures on many hygienic indications exceed admissible parameters that can negatively affect on health and state of health of workers. Profound studying of technological process, factors of the industrial environment have allowed to estimate working conditions of workers of studied shops according to modern representations on weight and intensity, harmfulness and danger with an estimation of risk of development of a pathology as a result of influence of factors of the industrial environment.

Work conditions for workers with good long‐term health

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to investigate which work‐ and private life factors are associated with long‐term health, operationalized as low sickness absence and low sickness presence.Design/methodology/approachA representative sample of 2,297 individuals responded to a questionnaire on two occasions at an interval of one year. In total, 28 percent were classified as having good long‐term health.FindingsUnivariate and multivariate analyses showed that some quality‐related work environment factors were rather strongly associated with long‐term health. For some variables women showed a clear dose‐response pattern on the three‐level scale alternatives in relation to health, while men had a more asymmetric response pattern. The results are discussed in relation to the symmetry in the work environment factors, i.e. if there are different factors that explain health and illness.Practical implicationsIssues concerning health and health‐enhancing factors are of considerable interest to practitioners concerned with management issues, organizational structure, and rehabilitation.Originality/valueThe paper shows the importance of including a positive health variable within the health research paradigm to supplement the dominance of variables focusing on illness and disease.

Pêcheurs-engagés à Terre Neuve sous le Régime français, 1688-1713

This article aims to analyze the working conditions of hired fishermen at Plaisance, Newfoundland, during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. The archival sources come from the notarial documents of La Rochelle and Plaisance. Generally speaking, we can conclude that there were minor differences in the working conditions of workers in the dry fishery versus those of the wet fishery.