Work Activities Research Articles

THE USE OF PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT BY PHARMACISTS AND RADIOGRAPHERS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN KENDAL DISTRICT

In order to control the transmission of covid-19 which entered Indonesia in early 2020, the government implemented health protocol regulations. Apart from health protocols, one of the steps that health workers can implement to control the transmission of covid-19 when providing services during the pandemic is to use personal protective equipment while working. This is the background for the author to study further in research that aims to determine the use of personal protective equipment used by pharmacists and radiographers during the covid-19 pandemic while in service in Kendal District. The research method used was descriptive qualitative by giving questionnaires electronically using google form to research respondents. The research results obtained include, the majority of respondents were female with a percentage of 62%, the health workers who participated as research respondents consisted of 38% pharmacists and 62% radiographers. The use of personal protective equipment used by pharmacists during the covid-19 pandemic includes masks and gloves which are adjusted to the risks of the work activities carried out. The use of personal protective equipment used by radiographers during the covid-19 pandemic includes wearing work clothes according to hospital regulations, surgical isolation gowns, N95 respirators, eye protection, medical gloves, closed shoes, face shields when carrying out medical interventions and tools additional personal protection according to the risks of the work activities carried out. So, it can be concluded that the personal protective equipment used by pharmacists and radiographers in Kendal District while on duty during the covid-19 pandemic has met the elements of compliance requirements in efforts to control the transmission of covid-19, such as the use of personal protective equipment based on indications for their use by considering the risk of exposure and possible transmission dynamics. By implementing appropriate personal protective equipment when working, it is hoped that pharmacists and radiographers in Kendal District can be protected from transmission of covid-19.

Transvaginal radiofrequency ablation: a therapeutic option for managing symptomatic uterine fibroids in women with reproductive desires

To evaluate whether transvaginal radiofrequency (RF) ablation of fibroids is a technique that can be offered to women with reproductive desires. Unicentric, prospective, observational study. University Hospital. Twenty-seven individuals who desired to become mothers after undergoing RF ablation for symptomatic fibroids. Transvaginal RF ablation for symptomatic fibroids with a maximum total volume of 145 cm3. The reduction in the size of the fibroids, improvement of symptoms, and reproductive outcomes during the 24 months after the ablation. For patients who achieved pregnancy, we assessed the type of conception, course of gestation, type of delivery, neonatal outcomes, and occurrence of both maternal and fetal complications. A statistically significant reduction in symptoms related to the fibroids 6 months after the ablation was demonstrated through the implementation of the Symptom Severity Scale. No patient required hospitalization after the procedure, and on average from the third day after intervention, they resumed their work activities without the need for analgesics. Among those patients who attempted pregnancy during the 24-month follow-up period, 73.68 % (14/19) achieved motherhood. There were no cases of uterine rupture, premature birth, or intrauterine fetal death. Radiofrequency ablation for fibroids seems to be a promising, safe, and low-complexity alternative that does not appear to interfere with the development of a normal term gestation.

Feasibility of respirable crystalline silica exposure reduction in small-scale tanzanite mining in Tanzania.

Respirable crystalline silica (RCS) exposures in tanzanite gem mining have been linked to tuberculosis and silicosis among miners. We conducted a plot study to assess RCS exposures and to introduce safer mining practices in one small-scale underground tanzanite mine. Personal and area air samples for RCS were collected during tanzanite mining operations before and after improved work practices employed to reduce exposures and analyzed using X-ray diffraction. Area samples were collected at the rest area, located approximately 300 m underground and 100 m from other work activities. Improved practices included the use of wet drilling methods and drilling with new bits. A total of 33 personal and 4 area air samples were collected. Pre-intervention, mean exposures for all operations, drilling operations, non-drilling activities, and area samples were 122 mg/m3, 247 mg/m3, 34.3 mg/m3, and 1.95 mg/m3, respectively which exceeded the U.S. OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) by 2,440 times for all operations, by 4,946 times for drilling operations, by 686 times for non-drilling activities and 39 times for area samples collected at an underground rest area. The post-intervention results showed a 99% reduction of RCS exposures for wet drilling operations, 98.5% reduction for non-drilling activities, and 36% reduction for area samples. Despite improvements, post-intervention RCS exposures during drilling had a mean of 2.08 mg/m3 or more than 41 times the OSHA PEL. We successfully piloted a program to work with small-scale tanzanite miners to reduce RCS exposures and raise awareness about the occupational health risks of RCS, though additional measures are recommended to further reduce RCS exposures. Similar programs should be taken to scale throughout underground mining sites in Tanzania and other countries.

La importancia del Plan de Estudios de Historia 2001 de San Marcos en función del desempeño laboral de sus egresados (2005-2010)

The objective of this article is to establish the importance of the 2001 Study Plan of the School of History of the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, through the professional performance for the work activities of its graduates during the years 2005-2010. In order to achieve this, this work measures the work results of vocational training taking into account two variables: the 2001 Study Plan and professional performance. The descriptive, explanatory and quantitative method was used with a sample of 45 surveys of graduates and seven interviews with teachers. This research demonstrates that the curriculum significantly influences professional performance by establishing the work capabilities of historians to assume and adapt to the challenges of the labor market in a country where professional historians lack broad possibilities for professional development. These results can serve as a reference framework for other research that evaluates the importance of professional university curricula.

Measuring cognitive effort using tabular transformer-based language models of electronic health record-based audit log action sequences.

To develop and validate a novel measure, action entropy, for assessing the cognitive effort associated with electronic health record (EHR)-based work activities. EHR-based audit logs of attending physicians and advanced practice providers (APPs) from four surgical intensive care units in 2019 were included. Neural language models (LMs) were trained and validated separately for attendings' and APPs' action sequences. Action entropy was calculated as the cross-entropy associated with the predicted probability of the next action, based on prior actions. To validate the measure, a matched pairs study was conducted to assess the difference in action entropy during known high cognitive effort scenarios, namely, attention switching between patients and to or from the EHR inbox. Sixty-five clinicians performing 5904429 EHR-based audit log actions on 8956 unique patients were included. All attention switching scenarios were associated with a higher action entropy compared to non-switching scenarios (P < .001), except for the from-inbox switching scenario among APPs. The highest difference among attendings was for the from-inbox attention switching: Action entropy was 1.288 (95% CI, 1.256-1.320) standard deviations (SDs) higher for switching compared to non-switching scenarios. For APPs, the highest difference was for the to-inbox switching, where action entropy was 2.354 (95% CI, 2.311-2.397) SDs higher for switching compared to non-switching scenarios. We developed a LM-based metric, action entropy, for assessing cognitive burden associated with EHR-based actions. The metric showed discriminant validity and statistical significance when evaluated against known situations of high cognitive effort (ie, attention switching). With additional validation, this metric can potentially be used as a screening tool for assessing behavioral action phenotypes that are associated with higher cognitive burden. An LM-based action entropy metric-relying on sequences of EHR actions-offers opportunities for assessing cognitive effort in EHR-based workflows.

REKONSTRUKSI PERAN PEREMPUAN DALAM REVOLUSI INDUSTRI MELALUI SUMBER-SUMBER TERTULIS

This research is motivated by the phenomenon of the development of the role of women in the industrial revolution sector. Although the role of women has a huge impact in Indonesia, there are still various challenges that must be faced in strengthening the potential role of women in the Industrial Revolution era. This research method uses a case study with a qualitative approach. This research uses purposive sampling method and data collection techniques such as in-depth interviews with resource persons. The results in this study show that nowadays there have been many considerable changes in work activities, especially for productive work in addition to reproductive/domestic work. Women have been involved in many productive jobs or work for a living. However, women's involvement in income-generating work activities still appears to be closely related to the existing employment structure in society. As in production, there are generally different assessments of men's work and women's work, especially with regard to technology. Since technology is often patriarchal, men tend to have more access to it than women. However, there has been a shift in work roles from women doing reproductive work to productive work. Women are starting to do more agricultural work, large and small industries and various fields of development that produce economic value.

The influence of work activity on the duration and quality of life of older people (analytical review)

The problems of optimal participation in labor activity of people of older age groups are considered. The dynamics of demographic aging are characterized by duality: against the background of chronological aging, biological rejuvenation of the world's population occurs, which significantly increases human potential. We must move away from erroneous ideas about older age as a period of “sluggish living”; on the contrary, this age provides a person with the opportunity to live a highly productive life. It can be reasonably argued that the older generation today has become more mobile and socially active. Global trends in the transformation of the labor market demonstrate a gradual shift in the employment structure towards older ages. Labor is the basis for the social self-realization of older people and a condition for prolonging active life. The average life expectancy of pensioners who remain active is significantly higher than those who have stopped working. Labor is the most powerful geroprotector! Protecting the physiological state of intelligence in old age is the main task of gerontology and geriatrics. We need to be very critical of current ideas about the degradation of intelligence in old age. The process of intellectual development of a person of mental labor is fundamentally limitless - this is the main way of his existence as an individual. The level of education has a significant impact on life expectancy. People with higher levels of education have lower mortality rates and longer life expectancy. The dominant models of the social status of older people forcefully pushes the elderly person out into “well-deserved rest.” The introduction of a mandatory retirement (“disabled”) age for everyone means that the legislator declares the experience accumulated by older people to have lost social significance. This attitude is a factor in the growth of social tension and impedes the formation of social cohesion, gives rise to a social trend of age discrimination - “ageism”, which manifests itself, in particular,in difficulties in finding a job and in the reduced level of wages for older people. As a result, over the past decade, the number of working pensioners in Russia and the duration of their period of work after retirement have decreased significantly. It is necessary to create a long-term doctrine of the work activity of older people.

Recognition of Prior Learning: How Its Impact on Village Official Competencies?

Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) represents an educational innovation necessitating adaptability and flexibility from academic institutions. Village officials must bridge the knowledge gap, as many have only completed high school. This study investigates the effectiveness of RPL in enhancing the competencies of village officials in Indonesia. The sample included 1,260 village officials across Indonesia, divided equally into 28 experimental and control groups. Data were gathered using a job competency assessment scale. Findings revealed a significant competency improvement in the experimental group following RPL implementation compared to the control group. This underscores the importance of RPL, inspired by Experiential Learning Theory and Job and Performance Theory, in fostering competency development through work activities. Continuous application of RPL is essential, tailored to the specific competency needs of various job types, with ongoing monitoring and evaluation to ensure quality.

Quality of life and work productivity and activity impairment among online survey respondents with migraine across a range of headache frequency.

This study aimed to describe the migraine burden and healthcare utilization in the context of headache frequency using nationwide claims data linked to online survey data previously collected in Japan. It has been shown that increase in headache frequency can impose greater impact on individuals' daily and social functioning, but migraine burden in those with low-frequency headaches remains largely unknown in Japan. This post-hoc, observational study reported on 674 respondents who were working individuals and their family members aged 19-74 years, responded to an online questionnaire (response rate: 14.1% [21,704 responded/153,545 kencomⓇ registrants]), and were previously classified as having migraine. Disease burden in terms of Migraine-Specific Quality of Life (MSQ) and Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) was compared across 0-3, 4-7, 8-14, and ≥ 15 monthly headache days (MHD). Among 674 respondents, 419 (62.2%), 148 (22.0%), 61 (9.1%), and 46 (6.8%) had 0-3, 4-7, 8-14, and ≥ 15 MHD, respectively. Of those, 55 (13.1%), 31 (20.9%), 19 (31.1%), and 20 (43.5%) respondents consulted physicians for headaches. Moderate-to-severe impairments in daily activities were reported by 298 (71.1%), 110 (74.3%), 46 (75.4%), and 38 (82.6%) respondents. The proportion of the respondents with WPAI >0% generally increased with increasing headache frequency (presenteeism: 41.7 and 67.5% in respondents with 0-3 and ≥ 15 MHD, respectively; overall work impairment: 44.8 and 72.5%, respectively; and activity impairment: 44.9 and 73.9%, respectively), except for absenteeism (12.4 and 22.5%, respectively). The mean MSQ score declined with increasing MHD (Role function-restrictive: 75.1 and 59.5 in those with 0-3 and ≥ 15 MHD, respectively; Role function-preventive: 85.8 and 75.0, respectively; and Emotional function: 81.9 and 63.6, respectively). Based on the Japanese nationwide claims data, quality of life and work productivity decreased with increasing numbers of headache days. Substantial disease burden paired with low levels of healthcare utilization highlights the need for medical or non-medical intervention.

Determinants of outcomes for patients with chronic low back pain and fear-avoidance beliefs following treatment with specific stabilisation exercises.

Specific stabilisation exercises (SSE) can combat the debilitating effects of chronic non-specific low back pain (CLBP), improve disability, pain and fear-avoidance beliefs (FAB). To elicit the determinants of outcome in patients with CLBP with associated FABs after treatment with SSE. Twenty-nine patients (20 females) with CLBP were classified using FAB questionnaire into high or low Work and Physical Activity (PA) subscales. After 4-week treatment, evaluations were done for pain, disability and lumbar spine active range of motion (AROM). Data was analysed exploratory-descriptively with a significance level set at p< 0.05. Participants were aged 55.24 ± 11.91 years. They scored 19 (65.5%) and 5 (17.2%) respectively on Work and PA subscales. The post-intervention evaluation showed significant differences in all outcomes, but no significant difference between patients with high or low FAB scores for both subscales. PA scores correlated significantly with pain while work scores correlated significantly with disability. Participants' gender predicted disability, pain and AROM with moderate to large effect sizes. SSE can potentially improve disability, pain and range of motion for patients with chronic low back pain regardless of FABQ status. Gender and baseline patient status are potential determinants of outcome of treatment using SSE.

Penerapan Strategic Approach Pada Kegiatan Company Visit PT. Garuda Maintenance Facility Aero Asia Tbk

PT Garuda Maintenance Facility Aero Asia Tbk (GMF) is a company engaged in aircraft maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO). GMF has a business unit consisting of comprehensive aircraft maintenance, such as commercial aircraft maintenance, military aircraft maintenance and industrial services. At this company, the author took part in practical work activities in the Corporate Communications &amp; CSR unit which is under the auspices of the Corporate Secretary &amp; Legal service which carries out the public relations function at GMF. In this report, the author will explain the application of 4 strategic approaches to company visits held for GMF stakeholders using interview, observation and literature study methods. The stakeholder aspects that will be explained from the perspective of Grunig's 4 Linkage Model are functional linkage, enabling linkage, normative linkage, and diffused linkage. PT GMF approaches stakeholders using 4 strategic approaches, namely assertive, defensive, collaborative and responsive.

Strategija za ocjenjivanje učinka formaldehida u anatomskom patološkom laboratoriju treći dio

To date, formaldehyde (FA) is one of the more common chemicals and its use is widespread around the world in different sectors, especially in chemical facilities and health care. FA is widely used in working activities owing to its chemical and physical properties. However, it also represents a concerning hazard for the workers’ health due to its toxicity and recognized carcinogenicity. The FA exposure evaluation in occupational setting has arisen interest in the scientific community that leads to the development of several analytical instruments in order to assess both long term and short-term exposure. The paper presents and discusses an equivalence tests procedure via the 2.4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH)-active air sampling formaldehyde (FA) reference method and two non-reference instruments based on continuous, direct reading monitoring, namely ProCeas® (AP2E) and NEMo XT (Ethera). The FA standard atmosphere calibration system was used to check the reference method by Pearson’s test. Subsequently, the Passing-Bablok test was carried out between the non-reference methods and the DNPH method for potential systematic or proportional errors, and finally the Bland-Altman plot was applied to determine the mean bias and the variances of the recorded values by the reference and non-reference methods in on-field sampling. The results showed a good correlation between the non-references method and the DNPH ones, suggesting their possible applications in heterogeneous occupational scenarios.

Impact of fatigue on work productivity and health-related job loss.

Fatigue is commonly reported in population surveys and has been identified in patients with health conditions as a key co-morbidity which makes remaining in work challenging. Such patients, however, rarely have access to programmes to help them manage their fatigue. To quantify the relationship between fatigue, work impairment and health-related job loss. We use data from the Health and Employment After Fifty study, a longitudinal study of people aged 50-64 years when recruited through general practices in England in 2013-14. During follow-up, fatigue was measured using the Fatigue Assessment Scale, work impairment was assessed using the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment scale, and changes in employment status were recorded. A total of 2743 participants were eligible for the current analysis; 23% satisfied criteria for being fatigued. People who were fatigued were less likely to have a partner, university degree, be physically active and were more likely to be obese. Their job was more likely to involve shifts, be perceived as insecure, have reported difficulties coping with job demands, and be unsatisfying. After adjustment for socio-economic, lifestyle and work-related factors, they were almost twice as likely to report both work impairment (relative risk 1.8; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.6, 2.1) and future health-related job loss, although the latter effect was only in those with other morbidities (incidence rate ratio 1.96; 95% CI 1.03-3.72). Providing evidence-based support for workers with health conditions who experience fatigue may have an important impact at a population level in terms of extending working lives.

Navigating role identity tensions — IT project managers’ identity work in agile information systems development

ABSTRACT While the management of traditional, plan-based information systems development (ISD) projects lies with the information technology project manager (ITPM), this role is challenged in agile ISD team settings, characterised by self-managed and autonomous teams. Driven by the potential for individual, project, and organisational benefits through a deeper comprehension of these challenges, our study draws upon role identity theories to uncover identity tensions that this role creates and ways in which ITPMs engage in identity work to resolve these tensions. We conducted an in-depth, qualitative study involving interviews with ITPMs operating within agile ISD teams embedded in traditionally-managed organisations. A central contribution of our paper lies in the development of a theoretical model that unpacks how ITPMs navigate identity work tensions by engaging in specific identity work activities. By revealing the interplay between ITPMs’ role identity tensions, identity work activities, and contextual factors, our study moves beyond purely descriptive accounts and offers a nuanced understanding of the emotional and behavioural dimensions of ITPMs in their liminal position. Additionally, our work underscores the pivotal role of ITPMs as boundary spanners, bridging the gap between traditional and agile governance structures to drive digital transformation. For practitioners, we provide agile ISD team design recommendations.

Effectiveness of Sustained Natural Apophyseal Glides Mobilization with or Without Scapular Stabilization Exercises for Mechanical Neck Pain Among Beauticians

Background: “Work related musculoskeletal disorder in beauticians have spread fundamentally over a year. Beautician experiences the illness effect of Mechanical neck pain due to bend their neck upwards or sideways during their working activities. Neck is the most common musculoskeletal discomfort among Beauticians with prevalence rate of 80%.  Purpose: To observe the effects of SNAGs mobilization with or without scapular stabilization exercises for mechanical neck pain among the beauticians.  Methodology: The research was an experimental study. 30 subjects were separate into two groups. Group A received SNAGs mobilization along with scapular stabilization exercises and Group B received scapular stabilization exercises alone for a period of six weeks. Both groups were assessed by using NPQ and NPRS before and after the intervention.  Results: Statistical analysis was done using paired and unpaired ‘t’ test for within the group and between the groups. Statistical analysis for between the groups showed significant improvement in Group A.  Conclusion: The study concluded that GROUP A show a more significant effect on decreasing pain and increasing functional activities than GROUP B among Beauticians after 6 weeks of intervention.

HANDLING OF OVERDISPERSION CASES IN MORBIDITY DATA IN SELUMA REGENCY

The problem of overdispersion as a violation of the assumption of equidispersion in Poisson regression is generally caused by sources of unobserved heterogeneity, missing observations on predictor variables, outliers in the data, errors in the specification of the bridging function, and many observed values that are zero. The purpose of this study is to find out the right model and the variables that affect data that occurs overdispersion and excess zero in the case of the number of days of disruption at work, school, or other daily activities due to health complaints. The methods used were Poisson Regression, Negative Binomial Regression, Hurdle Poisson Regression, Zero Inflated Poisson Regression, Zero Inflated Negative Binomial Regression, and Hurdle Negative Binomial Regression. The data used were morbidity taken from data on the number of days of disruption at work, school or other daily activities due to health complaints in Seluma district, Bengkulu Province. It was found that the best model is Zero Inflated Negative Poisson with the smallest Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) value of 1620.609 and the variables that have a significant effect on the log model and the logit model are marital status and work variables.

Analisis Manajemen Keselamatan Kerja pada Pengoperasian Alat Tangkap Purse Seine di KM. Pelita Perkasa PT. Manunggal Suko Jaya, Sorong, Papua Barat Daya

The purpose of this study is to identify and describe the operation of Purse Seine fishing gear on KM. Pelita Perkasa. The data collection used in KPA activities is observation, interview, and library research. The data that will be obtained using this method are in the form of primary data and secondary data. The data analysis method that will be used in the Final Practice Work (KPA) is descriptive analysis (quantitative and qualitative). Results, Operation of purse seine fishing gear on KM. Pelita Perkasa is carried out with procedures and procedures that are in accordance with work safety standards. The organizational structure and construction of the ship have also met the safety requirements. There are several work activities on board the KM purse seine. Pelita Perkasa which has the potential to cause work accidents, such as the use of a winch, lifting the net, and activities on a slippery deck. Work accidents that often occur in KM crew. Pelita Perkasa was injured, fractured, and plunged into the sea, among others.

Comparison of Postoperative Morbidity Between Two Tension-Free Hernioplasty Techniques: With Mesh versus Without Mesh

Introduction. Although inguinal hernia surgery is the most common surgical procedure worldwide, the best surgical method is still not universally accepted. The Lichtenstein technique is considered the gold standard, although it also has its limitations. Therefore, there is still a need for new techniques, such as the Desarda technique. The aim of this article is to evaluate and compare the postoperative morbidity of two tension-free techniques for inguinal canal pla-stic surgery with and without the use of mesh. Methods. This prospective randomized clinical study was conducted at the Clinic for General and Abdominal Surgery of the Clinical Center of the University of Sarajevo from January 2017 to December 2022. The study included 60 patients with primary inguinal hernia who met the predefi ned inclusion and exclusion criteria and were randomly allocated into two equal groups: 30 patients operated on by the Desarda technique and 30 patients operated on by the Lichten-stein technique. Results: The following parameters showed a statistically signifi cant diff erence in favor of the Desarda operative technique: shorter hospitalization, lower level of postoperative pain, faster achievement of early physical activity, lesser amount of analgesic consumption, earlier return to regular daily and work activities, and absence of chronic inguinal pain. Postoperative morbidity was more frequent in the Lichtenstein group, but likely due to the small sample size, this diff e-rence remained statistically insignifi cant. Conclusion: Patients operated on by the Desarda method exhibited signifi cantly lower levels and frequencies of postoperative pain, faster postoperative recovery, and return to usual daily and work activities.

Advisors and inspectors for the development of organic agriculture in Italy

The advisory services play a pivotal role in addressing the challenges of the European green transition and enhancing the quality of services along the organic agricultural supply chain. However, there is limited evidence regarding the role and current working conditions of professionals supporting organic farming. The present study aims to fill this gap by investigating the working characteristics and job satisfaction levels among Italian organic advisors and inspectors. The analysis of selected variables encompassing interviewee characteristics, work activities, and satisfaction metrics provides insights into the perspectives of advisors and inspectors on their roles and working conditions. The findings reveal that while technicians generally express satisfaction with their remuneration and opportunities for personal and professional growth, they also report significant stress levels and workload. Identifying variables influencing satisfaction levels was pursued to measure the association between variables. This research establishes a foundation for developing strategies to enhance the well-being and effectiveness of organic farming advisors and inspectors, thereby promoting agricultural knowledge and innovation. One potential avenue for further investigation is monitoring agricultural technicians' operational activities at both the national and regional levels.

The Influence of Blind Tennis on Subjective Inclusion Experiences-An Ableism-Critical Analysis.

In this paper, we analyze the subjective inclusion experiences of visually impaired (VI) adult tennis players from an ableism-critical perspective. The primary focus of this research is the inclusive potential of blind tennis from the perspective of VI individuals. Episodic interviews were conducted to capture subjective perspectives. A qualitative text analysis revealed that the interviewees were confronted with multiple ability assumptions by sighted people in their everyday lives. Deficit notions on the performance of VI people included sports, work, and general activities. Participation in blind tennis helped the interviewees build a "competent identity" and acquire various skills useful for their everyday lives as participation in blind tennis was a pathway for competence in sports. Further research is needed to identify exclusion experiences from the perspective of disabled people to recognize the potential of different sports in reducing barriers to participation.