Women's Views Research Articles

Женский взгляд на крестьянскую долю

Женский взгляд на крестьянскую долю

Best practice models recommended by Bhutanese refugee women for cervical and breast cancer screening in Australia: A qualitative study

The purpose of this paper was to explore what a refugee women's health screening program would look like if the views of Bhutanese refugee women were incorporated into service design and the approaches to targeting access to cervical and breast cancer screening. Qualitative study, used in-depth interviews with 30 Bhutanese refugee women resettled in Melbourne, Australia. Two practice models were identified by refugee women: a doctor-initiated model involving opportunistic screening during consultations for other purposes; and a group screening model. Participants emphasised the need for a supportive environment with culturally appropriate services, community education and peer networks to encourage and facilitate their participation in cervical and breast cancer screening services. General practitioners can provide guidance, opportunistic screening that includes education, and advice about follow-up. The need for the routine use of professional interpreter services was reinforced. Available cervical and breast cancers screening services are not attuned to refugee women's views where this study focuses attention on the roles and practices of doctors in preventive health care for refugee women. Merging their perspectives with those of providers and policymaker's can fill the existing gaps and support to formulate the new interventions that will improve women's access to such preventative services. SO WHAT?: Refugee women resettled in high income countries are less likely to attend preventive cancer screening programs than other women, so we need to understand how to motivate them to seek regular check-ups. In this study Bhutanese refugee women resettled in Melbourne, Australia said that group screening or doctor-led care would be appealing to them.

Indonesian women's views on health providers’ nutrition advice during pregnancy

Indonesian women's views on health providers’ nutrition advice during pregnancy

‘Helena Blavatsky, Dorothy Field and Annie Besant: Theosophy’s role in introducing Sikhism to the West’

ABSTRACT The Theosophical Society, founded in 1875 as a universal brotherhood without distinction of race, creed, colour, gender or social background, promoted an ‘ageless wisdom' that resonates to some extent with Sikh teachings. This article explores how Theosophists and Theosophy introduced Sikhism to a western audience, by focusing on Helena Blavatsky, Annie Besant and Dorothy Field. The three women's political and religious views coloured their representation of Sikhs and Sikhism. Excerpts exemplify the women’s attention to Guru Nanak and subsequent Gurus – notably Guru Gobind Singh and Sikh history and their distinctive styles and focus.

U.S. women's views on delaying pregnancy for the purpose of participating in biomedical research

U.S. women's views on delaying pregnancy for the purpose of participating in biomedical research

Impact of parenting resources on breastfeeding, parenting confidence and relationships

ObjectivePregnancy and the postnatal period offers an opportunity to optimise maternal health. A UK-based charity has developed parenting resources – Baby Buddy smartphone app, Baby Express magazine, and ‘From Bump to Breastfeeding’ DVD – designed to complement health service care to promote maternal wellbeing, breastfeeding and positive parenting. We evaluated the embedding of these resources into maternity and early years care pathways at three sites in the north of England. Here we present results relating to the impact of the resources on breastfeeding, women's parenting confidence, and mother–infant bonding. Design and settingWe conducted a mixed-methods study comprising qualitative interviews and women and care provider surveys at three sites. Women's questionnaires were issued to two cohorts of postnatal women pre and post embedding of the resources. This questionnaire included validated scales (Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale, Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy, Parenting Sense of Competency, Mother to Baby Bonding Scale), and bespoke questions to elicit women's views of the resources and infant feeding data. A survey of professionals in the post-embedding phase explored how the resources were used in practice. Interviews with stakeholders explored views of the resources and embedding process. We conducted descriptive and inferential statistics of quantitative data, and thematic analysis of qualitative data. FindingsThere were 30 stakeholder interviews, 146 professionals completed a survey, and 161 and 192 women completed a survey before and after embedding, respectively. Receipt and use of the resources was relatively low, however, overall views of the resources were positive. There was no significant change in outcomes relating to infant feeding or parenting confidence, before and after embedding. After embedding, scores on the Mother to Baby Bonding Scale were significantly more positive when compared to pre-embedding scores. Key conclusionsWhile there were issues with the receipt and use of the resources, the resources were well received by women and professionals. While the resources did not appear to have influenced parents’ confidence and self-efficacy, there may be a positive impact on mother–infant bonding. Further research is needed to understand whether more focussed integration of the resources into care pathways over a longer term can increase user engagement, and the impact of such on key parenting outcomes.

Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting: A Systematic Review and Meta-Ethnography Exploring Women’s Views of Why It Exists and Persists

Objectives: Despite well-documented negative consequences, female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) continues to be widely practised. In this systematic review, we investigated women's views of why FGM/C exists and persists. Methods: A meta-ethnographic approach was used in this systematic review of qualitative research. Results: Twenty-seven studies were included in this review and they represented the views and experiences of 823 women. FGM/C was considered a ‘rite of passage’ which was enforced to curb the expression of their sexuality and maintain social and gender norms within its communities. Nevertheless, attitudes towards FGM/C were changing among migrant populations. Conclusions: Creating community awareness projects, enforcing strict laws coupled with increasing health professional involvement may reduce the incidence of FGM/C.

An exploration of women's experience of taking part in a randomized controlled trial of a diagnostic test during pregnancy: A qualitative study.

ObjectiveTo explore pregnant women's views of participation in a clinical research trial while pregnant.DesignProspective nested qualitative cohort study embedded within a national, multi‐site randomized controlled trial of a diagnostic test for preeclampsia: Placental Growth Factor. One‐to‐one in‐depth semi‐structured interviews were undertaken with 19 women who had recently participated in the trial at a single recruiting site. The interviews were conducted in private, recorded digitally and transcribed verbatim.SettingSingle tertiary maternity hospital currently recruiting eligible women onto an on‐going randomized controlled trial (NCT 02881073).ParticipantsWomen who had participated in the PARROT Ireland randomized controlled trial during their recent pregnancy.MethodsThematic analysis was utilized. Each line of the transcribed interviews was coded into a category by two researchers. The resultant categories were reviewed, and those with similarities were pooled allowing the development of themes.Main Outcome MeasuresWomen's opinions and experience of participation in a randomized controlled trial of an interventional diagnostic test during their pregnancy.ResultsFour major themes were identified as follows: (a) Understanding of preeclampsia, (b) Motivators for clinical trial participation, (c) Barriers to decision making and (d) Influence of PARROT Ireland on pregnancy experience.ConclusionsWomen are generally interested and positively inclined to participate in research during pregnancy. The potential of risk is an important consideration for eligible pregnant woman. Information and support by both researchers and clinicians are paramount in aiding women's understanding of a research trial.

Influence of past trauma and health interactions on homeless women's views of perinatal care: a qualitative study.

BackgroundHomeless women are twice as likely to become pregnant and are less likely to receive antenatal care than women who are not homeless. Prevalent biopsychosocial complexity and comorbidities, including substance use and mental illness, increase the risk of obstetric complications, postnatal depression, and child loss to social services.AimTo explore the perspectives of women who have experienced pregnancy and homelessness to ascertain how to improve perinatal care.Design and settingA qualitative study with a purposive sample of women who had experienced pregnancy and homelessness, recruited from three community settings.MethodSemi-structured interviews continued to data saturation and were recorded, transcribed, and analysed thematically using a self-conscious approach, with independent verification of emergent themes.ResultsEleven women, diverse in age (18–40 years) and parity (one to five children), participated. Most women had experienced childhood trauma, grief, mental illness, and substance use. Overarching themes of ‘mistrust‘ and ‘fear of child loss to social services’ (CLSS) influenced their interactions with practitioners. The women experienced stigma from practitioners, and lacked effective support networks. Women who mistrusted practitioners attended appointments but concealed their needs, preventing necessary care. Further themes were being seen to do ‘the best for the baby’; pregnancy-enabled access to necessary holistic biopsychosocial care; and lack of postnatal support for CLSS or parenting.ConclusionPregnancy offered a pivotal opportunity for homeless women to engage with care for their complex needs and improve self-care, despite mistrust of practitioners. Poor postnatal support and the distress of CLSS reinforced an ongoing cycle of grief, mental health crises, substance use relapse, and homelessness.

An Anthropological Analysis of Evil Eye, Evil Spirits, and Ancestral Spirits Afflictions: Parengi Porja Tribal Women Views About Illness Etiologies and Its Treatment Practices

This article aims to understand the perception of Parengi Porja’s ways of illness treatments and health management. The Parengi Porja is a Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Population (PVTG), inhabiting the hilly regions of Visakhapatnam district, Andhra Pradesh, India. They strongly believe in supernatural agents as being the cause of illness. For this study, the Parengi Porja tribal mothers were purposively selected from five villages situated in the study district. We used participant observation, in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, case studies, and semistructured interview schedules. We conducted five focus group discussions (FGDs) to understand the reasons for illness, and its diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Data types include demographic variables, incidences of illnesses, and their management. The study shows that this tribal population has its own understanding about the illness etiology and management strategy to regain healthy life.

Sex, Intimacy and Reproductive Rights for Women with Disabilities in Zimbabwe: A Snapshot of the Views of Women with Disabilities in Harare

This paper is derived from study on sexual and reproductive rights of women with disabilities in Zimbabwe. The paper explores the sexual and reproductive rights (SRR) and practices vis a vis women with disabilities in Zimbabwe. This is done with the view of drawing insights and policy recommendations on sexual and reproductive rights for women with disabilities in Zimbabwe. The study argues that there are serious gaps in SRR policies and their implementation for WWDs. While the availability of acceptable and supportive public policy and legislation indicates the beginning of a commendable process of services delivery to all stakeholders, this alone is not sufficient unless supported by effective systems and processes for effective delivery. Formulation and adoption of a policy or piece of legislation does not automatically translate to its implementation and/or enforcement. The study recommends change of mind-set for both the cultural environment and law with regards what is acceptable and legal sex; domestication and enforcement of international and regional disability laws; redesign of national laws to clearly address SRRs for WWDs; communication and advocacy of disability laws to the people. follow-ups and performance evaluation of families and communities on how they treat WWDs vis a vis their SRR; and involvement of WWDs in policy formulation. Keywords: Sex, women, disability, rights, reproductive, disability. DOI : 10.7176/JCSD/51-03 Publication date :September 30 th 2019

Intrapartum Care and Experiences of Women with Midwives Versus Obstetricians in the Listening to Mothers in California Survey

IntroductionMany studies based on hospital records or vital statistics have found that childbearing women experience benefits of lower rates of intervention with midwifery care versus obstetric care during labor and birth. Surveys of women's views and experiences can provide a richer analysis when comparing intrapartum care of midwives and obstetricians. MethodsThis study was a secondary analysis of data from the population‐based Listening to Mothers in California survey. The sample, which was representative of 2016 California hospital births, was drawn from birth certificate files and oversampled midwife‐attended births. Women responded to the survey in English or Spanish on any device or with a telephone interviewer. The present analysis is based on 1421 of the 2539 participants who identified a midwife or obstetrician as their attendant at a vaginal birth. A bivariate analysis of demographic, attitudinal, and intrapartum variables was conducted. A multivariable model included sociodemographic and attitudinal variables as covariates.ResultsBivariate analyses found significant socioeconomic differences by type of intrapartum care provider, with women in California attended by midwives more likely to be well educated and privately insured than women attended by obstetricians. Women with midwife birth attendants were less likely to report experiencing various intrapartum medical interventions, less likely to experience pressure to have epidural analgesia, and more likely to report that staff encouraged the woman's decision making. Adjusted odds ratios found that women with midwives were less likely to experience medical interventions, including attempted labor induction; labor augmentation; and use of pain medications, epidural analgesia, and intravenous fluids; and less likely to report pressure to have labor induction or epidural analgesia. Women cared for by midwives were more likely to experience any nonpharmacologic pain relief measures and nitrous oxide and to agree that hospital staff encouraged their decision making.DiscussionUsing women's own reports of their care experiences and adjusting for possible differences in women's attitudes and case mix, we found that midwifery care of women who had vaginal births was associated with reduced use of medical interventions and increased women's decisional latitude during labor and birth.

Emergency hormonal contraceptive service provision via community pharmacies in the UK: a systematic review of pharmacists' and young women's views, perspectives and experiences.

Unintended pregnancy among young people remains a major public health problem in the UK, despite recent evidence suggesting that the number of teenage pregnancies in England is falling. Community pharmacies have the potential to reduce health inequalities among young women through improved and appropriate access to sexual health services. This study seeks to examine the views, perceptions and experiences of young women and community pharmacists concerning emergency hormonal contraceptive (EHC) provision from community pharmacies in the UK. Six electronic databases were searched for articles published in English between 2000 and 2017. Titles and abstracts were screened by two researchers according to the inclusion criteria. A total of eight papers reporting studies carried out within the UK were included. Five key themes were identified from the perspectives of young women: convenience and ease of access, embarrassment and non-judgemental services, free services, confidentiality and pharmacist being helpful. Six key themes were identified from the perspectives of the pharmacists: concerns about supply of EHC, improved access, no need for appointment, confidentiality, free EHC and training. The review suggests that services should be designed based on the views, perceptions and experiences of the service users and providers in order to reduce inequities to access of EHC. Pharmacists who provide EHC should continuously upgrade their knowledge base through training if the sexual health needs of the young women who access pharmacies are to be adequately met.

A qualitative exploration of breastfeeding support groups in Ireland from the women's perspectives

ObjectiveVolunteer breastfeeding support groups are deemed effective in promoting breastfeeding initiation and duration, but women's views are not well reported. The aim of this study was to explore women's experiences of Breastfeeding Support Groups in Ireland from their perspective. Design and participantsSemi-structured interviews with 15 breastfeeding mothers were conducted with participants recruited as part of a larger mixed-methods study. MethodsInterviews were conducted online. Interviews were audiorecorded, transcribed, and analysed using Thematic Analysis. Cultural Historical Activity Theory was used as the theoretical framework. FindingsSix key themes were identified: 'complexity of breastfeeding support', 'community and connection', 'impact of culture on breastfeeding needs', 'the journey', 'passing on', and 'what mothers want'. Mothers primarily attend in order to meet other mothers, and not necessarily with a problem, getting practical suggestions to meet their individual and changing needs. The social aspect of support groups fosters a sense of community and inclusion, long-standing friendships, a social outlet, and ongoing support. ConclusionsMothers attend breastfeeding support groups in order to meet other mothers and continue to attend for this reason to get mothering and breastfeeding support, as well as passing on their knowledge and experiences to other mothers, while meeting their social needs. Implications for practiceMore resources, acknowledgement and funding are needed to provide breastfeeding support groups in local communities. Breastfeeding support groups and health professionals need to emphasise the social aspects of the interactions at these group rather than attending for a breastfeeding problem.

Assessment of Iranian Women's View on the Phenomenon of Menopause: A Qualitative Study

Assessment of Iranian Women's View on the Phenomenon of Menopause: A Qualitative Study

Women's views on screening for Type 2 diabetes after gestational diabetes: a systematic review, qualitative synthesis and recommendations for increasing uptake.

AimMany women do not attend recommended glucose testing following a pregnancy affected by gestational diabetes (GDM). We aimed to synthesize the literature regarding the views and experiences of women with a history of GDM on postpartum glucose testing, focusing on barriers and facilitators to attendance.MethodsWe systematically identified qualitative studies that examine women's experiences following GDM relating to glucose testing (diabetes screening) or experience of interventions to promote uptake of testing. We conducted a thematic synthesis to develop descriptive and then analytical themes, then developed recommendations to increase uptake based on the findings. We evaluated the quality of each study and the confidence that we had in the recommendations using published checklists.ResultsWe included 16 articles after screening 23 160 citations and 129 full texts. We identified four themes of influences relating to the healthcare system and personal factors that affected both ability and motivation to attend: relationship with health care, logistics of appointments and tests, family‐related practicalities and concern about diabetes. We developed 10 recommendations addressing diabetes risk information and education, and changes to healthcare systems to promote increased attendance at screening in this population, most with high or moderate confidence.ConclusionsWe have identified a need to improve women's understanding about Type 2 diabetes and GDM, and to adjust healthcare provision during and after pregnancy to decrease barriers and increase motivation for testing. Encouraging higher uptake by incorporating these recommendations into practice will enable earlier management of diabetes and improve long‐term outcomes.

A systematic review of asylum-seeking women's views and experiences of UK maternity care

ObjectiveTo explore and synthesise evidence of asylum-seeking women's experiences of maternity care in the UK. DesignA systematic review and thematic synthesis of peer-reviewed qualitative evidence. Relevant databases were searched from 2000 until 2018. Study quality was appraised using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) qualitative research appraisal tool. Setting and participantsUK-based studies which describe asylum-seeking women's views and experiences of maternity care. FindingsSix studies were included for thematic synthesis. Seven common themes emerged; ‘Communication challenges’, ‘Isolation’, Mental health challenges’, ‘Professional attitudes’, Access to healthcare’, ‘Effects of dispersal’ and ‘Housing challenges’. The review indicated that pregnant asylum seekers face significant barriers to accessing maternity care due to practical issues related to the challenges of their status and lack of knowledge of maternity services, together with professional attitudes. Key conclusions and implications for practiceMandatory provision of interpreter services, together with training for health care professionals could address urgent issues faced by pregnant asylum seekers. Further research and population-specific guidelines are needed to improve care for these women.

Online forums for data collection: ethical challenges from a study exploring women’s views of birth plans

Internet-based research is increasing in popularity, but concerns remain about ethical issues and guidance is sparse in relation to generating data using online forums. To describe and discuss ethical considerations concerning the collecting of data through online forums by using the authors' research exploring women's views and experiences of birth plans. Using online discussion forums helped to generate data rapidly. However, ethical concerns required attention throughout the study. The authors engage with debates about the public/private nature of online research, the complexities of ensuring consent in this context is informed, and questions about anonymity and confidentiality, where data are traceable and identifiable through search engines. Research undertaken using online forums generates ethical issues similar to those seen in 'real world' studies. Researchers need to explore how the designs of their studies are affected by issues such as ensuring informed consent and mitigating for the publicly viewable and searchable nature of the data obtained.

Alcohol use and breast cancer risk: A qualitative study of women's perspectives to inform the development of a preventative intervention in breast clinics.

ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore women's views about breast cancer risk and alcohol use, to inform the design of a prototype for an intervention in breast clinics about alcohol as a modifiable risk factor for breast cancer.MethodsWomen recruited in NHS breast screening and symptomatic clinics in Southampton, UK, were invited to take part in semi‐structured telephone interviews or a focus group to discuss their perspectives of breast cancer risk, alcohol consumption and their information needs about these topics. Data were analysed thematically. Twenty‐eight women took part in telephone interviews, and 16 attended one of three focus groups.ResultsWhile most women reported a personal responsibility for their health and were interested in advice about modifiable risk factors, few without (or prior to) experience of breast symptoms independently sought information. Many considered alcohol advice irrelevant as the association with breast cancer was largely unknown, and participants did not consider their drinking to be problematic. Women reported trusting information from health organisations like the NHS, but advice needs to be sensitive and non‐blaming.ConclusionNHS breast screening and symptomatic clinics offer a “teachable moment” to engage women with context‐specific advice about alcohol and cancer risk that, if targeted correctly, may assist them in making informed lifestyle choices.

The Effect of Fetö Coup Attempt on Young People's Religion and Congregation Perception

Tarihin eski zamanlardan günümüze değin din olgusu birileri tarafından siyasi, ekonomik ve kişisel çıkarlar amacıyla kullanılagelmiştir. Türkiye’nin 15 Temmuz 2016’da yaşadığı darbe girişimi toplum psikolojisi üzerinde olumsuz etkilere yol açmasının yanında bireylerin din ve cemaat algısının da olumsuz etkilenmesine de neden olmuştur. Darbe girişimi öncesinde halk arasında cemaat, eğitim ve hizmet hareketi olarak bilinen bir örgünün böyle bir kanlı eyleme başvurması insanlarda klasik koşullanmaya neden olarak, önceleri nötr veya pozitif duygular uyandıran cemaat ve din kavramlarının şüphe, korku ve nefret duygularına yol açan kavramlar haline dönüşmesine neden olmuştur. Bu araştırmada FETÖ darbe girişiminin ilahiyat fakültesi öğrencilerinin cemaat ve din algısı üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Araştırmamızın örneklemi 2018 yılında Trabzon Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi’nde öğrenim görmekte olan 358’i kadın, 151’i erkek olmak üzere toplam 509 bireyden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada elde ettiğimiz verilerin analizi sonucunda özetle şu sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır. 18-21 yaş grubuna kıyasla 22-37 yaş grubunda FETÖ darbe girişimi sonrasında din kavramı daha fazla negatif duygular çağrıştırmaktadır. FETÖ darbe girişimi sonrasında kadınların cemaat/tarikat liderlerine bakışı erkelerinkine kıyasla daha fazla olumsuz etkilenmiştir. FETÖ darbe girişimi sonrasında cemaat kavramı örneklemin %63,5’inde şüphe, %20,4’inde nefret, %6,7’sinde korku %9,4’ünde güven duygusu uyandırırken, din kavramı örneklemin %49,7’sinde şüphe, %4,1’inde nefret, %3,9’unda korku, %42,2’sinde güven duygusu uyandırmaktadır. FETÖ darbe girişimi sonrasında dindarlığı düşük olanların din algısının daha fazla olumsuz etkilendiği tespit edilmiştir. FETÖ darbe girişimi sonrasında dindarlığı hem düşük hem de yüksek olanlarda cemaat kavramının daha fazla olumsuz duygular uyandırdığı tespit edilmiştir.