Women's Sexual Interest Research Articles

Gender Differences in Paraphilic Sexual Interest in Women and Men

Gender Differences in Paraphilic Sexual Interest in Women and Men

(103) Olfactory Investigation of the Male is Stimulated by Administration of Dihydrotestosterone and Blunted by Co-administration of Flutamide in Ovariectomized Rats Primed with Estradiol

Abstract Introduction Although Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (HSDD) is a common condition with a relevant impact on women’s quality of life, approved androgenic formulations for its treatment are lacking. In previous studies, we demonstrated that the administration of Dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a non-aromatizable androgen, in ovariectomized (OVX) Long-Evans rats primed with Estradiol Benzoate (EB), enhanced measures of sexual behavior. Objective To further clarify the mechanisms underlying the facilitating action of testosterone on female sexual function by investigating the effect of AR (androgen receptor) activation in a validated animal model. Methods After sexual training and hormonal wash-out, OVX Long-Evans rats were treated with different hormonal regimens: oil (O) + O (negative control group), 10 mcg EB+500 mcg Progesterone (P) (positive control group), 10 mcg EB+500 mcg DHT, and 10 mcg EB+500 mcg DHT+10 mg flutamide (FLU), a nonsteroidal AR antagonist (n=4 per group). EB was administered s.c. 48 h, P and DHT s.c. 4 h, and flutamide i.m. 48 and 24h prior to video-recorded sexual behavioral testing sessions. These took place in bisected unilevel pacing chambers, with sexually experienced males. Five testing sessions were conducted every 8 days. The main outcome measures were appetitive behaviors: the number of hops/darts (partial solicitation), full solicitations and olfactory investigations. Results A significant difference emerged among the 4 groups for all the outcome measures. Regarding solicitations, animals treated with EB+DHT displayed a higher number of hops/darts and full solicitations than the negative control group (O+O), although significantly lower than the positive control group (EB+P) for hops/darts (p=0.025). As a novel finding, we observed that the stimulating effect of EB+DHT was blunted in rats treated with EB+DHT+FLU, which showed a lower number of behaviors than EB+DHT rats (p=0.014 for hops/darts, and p=0.083, approaching statistical significance, for full solicitations). Interestingly, a significant difference was detected in the frequency of olfactory investigations, with the EB+DHT group displaying a higher frequency not only when compared with O+O rats (p=0.047), but also with EB+DHT rats (p=0.047 for both comparisons). Once again, the co-administration of FLU significantly reduced the stimulating effect (p=0.005 for olfactory investigations for EB+DHT+FLU vs. EB+DHT). Conclusions These data, to be confirmed in larger samples, indicate that the positive modulation exerted by androgens on appetitive behaviors, homologous to sexual interest in women, are independent of aromatization. In addition, a specific stimulating effect was detected for olfactory investigations. Disclosure No

Sexual Stimuli Cause Behavioral Disinhibition in Both Men and Women, but Even More So in Men

In our society men are considered more impulsive than women, especially in the violent and sexual domain. This correlation of sex and impulsivity might trace back to enhanced male impulsivity in general or a domain specific effect of emotions on impulsivity. The evidence for sex differences in the interaction of emotional or sexual stimuli and impulsivity has been relatively inconclusive so far. In this study, we investigated the effects of various emotional stimuli on responsivity in a Go/No-Go task. Participants had to respond quickly to a visual cue and withhold their response to another visual cue, while different emotional pictures were presented in the background, including sexual stimuli, non-sexual positive stimuli and negative stimuli. Both men (N = 37) and women (N = 38) made most commission errors in the sexual condition, indicating a disinhibiting effect in both genders. On top of this, men made even more commission errors than women, specifically in the sexual condition and not in other conditions. Men rated sexual stimuli as more positive, but did not differ from women in arousal ratings and pupil dilation. These findings may partly indicate increased impulsive behavior under sexual arousal in men, most likely driven by enhanced approach motivation due to more positive value but not higher arousal of sexual stimuli. The results are consistent with the theory of evolutionarily based concealment of sexual interest in women.

“She wants me, she wants me not”: Individual differences in attachment, rejection sensitivity, and self-esteem and men's perception of women's sexual interest

The present research builds on the meager but growing research on within-group differences in men's perception of women's sexual interest. Novel predictions rooted in Attachment theory (Bowlby, 1982) and the Rejection Sensitivity (RS) Model (Downey & Feldman, 1996) were tested in two cross-sectional studies. Heterosexual men (Study 1: N = 497, Study 2: N = 305) rated a series of behaviors on how much sexual interest they communicate had women engaged in them. In Study 2, they also reported how much sexual interest they perceived from women in a series of photographs. As hypothesized, men high in attachment anxiety perceived more sexual interest relative to their less anxious counterparts. Results were mixed for attachment avoidance, RS, and self-esteem. In Study 1, men high in avoidance and RS perceived less sexual interest, and self-esteem was positively associated with sexual interest perception. However, in Study 2, these hypotheses were unsupported. This research goes beyond gender differences and represents a step towards integrating related bodies of psychological literature for a better understanding of sexual interest perception. Results, implications, and future directions are discussed.

The Role of Emotion Projection, Sexual Desire, and Self-Rated Attractiveness in the Sexual Overperception Bias

A consistent finding in the literature is that men overperceive sexual interest in women (i.e., sexual overperception bias). Several potential mechanisms have been proposed for this bias, including projecting one’s own interest onto a given partner, sexual desire, and self-rated attractiveness. Here, we examined the influence of these factors in attraction detection accuracy during speed-dates. Sixty-seven participants (34 women) split in four groups went on a total of 10 speed-dates with all opposite-sex members of their group, resulting in 277 dates. The results showed that attraction detection accuracy was reliably predicted by projection of own interest in combination with participant sex. Specifically, men were more accurate than women in detecting attraction when they were not interested in their partner compared to when they were interested. These results are discussed in the wider context of arousal influencing detection of partner attraction.

A prospective study ofhealth related quality of life, bowel and sexualfunction after TaTME and conventional laparoscopic TME for mid and low rectal cancer.

The aim of our study was to evaluate short-term (3 months) and medium-term (12 months)postoperative effects on health related quality of life (HRQoL), bowel and sexualfunction after transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) in comparison with conventional laparoscopic total mesorectal excision (TME). A prospectivestudy was conducted on consecutive patients who had conventional laparoscopic TME and TaTME at our institution from November 2014 to December 2018.We evaluated HRQoL and bowel function using validated scales including the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life of colorectal cancer specific module (EORTC-QLQ-CR29), International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5), Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) score and Wexner score. Patients were matched one-to-one through propensity score matching. Outcomes of the questionnaires at 3 and 12months were compared. Sixty patients were enrolled in the study. There were 30 in the conventional laparoscopic group (13 males; median age 69.3years [range 35-80years]) and 30 in the TaTME group (14 males; median age 75.6years [range 42-83years]). Three months after ileostmy closure, patients in the TaTME group had significantly morebuttock pain(p = 0.030), bloating(p = 0.023), stool frequency(p = 0.013), flatulence(p < 0.001) and fecal incontinence(p = 0.044),although none of these differences persisted at 12 months. Patients in the TaTME group had a higher median overall LARS scoreat 3 months (p = 0.032)but there was no difference at 12 months. At 12months after TaTME female patients had better women's sexual interest (p = 0.039) and dyspareunia scores (p < 0.001), while male patients had better erectile function (p = 0.038). Other scales did not reveal a significant difference at either 3 of12months between groups. Compared with patients with mid and low rectal cancer treated with conventional laparoscopic TME, those treated with TaTME have worse HRQoL and bowel function for a short period after primary resection, but seem to have better sexual function in the long term.

Sexual-perception processes in acquaintance-targeted sexual aggression.

This study analyzes data from seven published studies to examine whether three performance-based indices of men's misperception of women's sexual interest (MSI), derived from a self-report questionnaire, are associated with sexual-aggression history, rape-supportive attitudes, sociosexuality, problem drinking, and self-reported MSI. Almost 2000 undergraduate men judged the justifiability of a man's increasingly unwanted advances toward a woman on the Heterosocial Perception Survey-Revised. Participants self-reported any sexual-aggression history, and some completed questionnaires assessing rape-supportive attitudes, sociosexuality, problem drinking, and self-reported MSI. A three-parameter logistic function was fitted to participants' justifiability ratings within a non-linear mixed-effects framework, which provided precise participant-specific estimates of three sexual-perception processes (baseline justifiability, bias, and sensitivity). Sexual-aggression history and rape-supportive attitudes predicted: (a) reduced sensitivity to women's affect; (b) more liberal biases, such that the woman's affect had to be more negative before justifiability ratings dropped substantially; and (c) greater baseline justifiability of continued advances after a positive response. Sexual-aggression history and attitudes correlated more strongly with sensitivity than baseline justifiability; remaining variables showed the opposite pattern. This work underscores the role of sexual-perception processes in sexual aggression and illustrates the derivation of performance-based estimates of sexual-perception processes from questionnaire responses.

Perioperative sexual interest in women with suspected gynecologic malignancies

ObjectivesFor women with gynecologic cancer, the impact of surgery on sexual interest and desire in the immediate and later postoperative period is not well characterized. The objective of this study was to report the perioperative trends of changing sexual interest and desire in a cohort of women undergoing surgery for suspected gynecologic malignancies. MethodsThis is an ancillary analysis of a cohort study analyzing health-related outcomes in women who underwent primary surgical management of a suspected gynecologic malignancy between 10/2013 and 10/2014. Subjects completed the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Sexual Function and Satisfaction Questionnaire (PROMIS-SFQ) preoperatively and questions on sexual interest and desire at one, three, and six months postoperatively. Bivariate tests and multiple linear regression were used to analyze data. ResultsOf 231 women who completed a baseline PROMIS-SFQ, 187 (81%) completed one-month, 170 (74%) three-month, and 174 (75%) six-month follow-up interviews. Following surgery, 71% of enrolled subjects were diagnosed with a malignancy. Women age <55 had a greater decrease in sexual interest from baseline to one month than women age >55 (−5.5±1.0 vs −2.3±0.9, p=0.02). In a multivariable analysis, age <55 remained associated with a larger decrease in sexual interest at one month postoperatively (−4.6, 95% CI: −1.8, −7.4), as did having cancer vs benign disease for women of all ages (−5.6, 95% CI: −9.6, −1.5). ConclusionsThis study provides new data regarding the timing and magnitude of changes in sexual interest following gynecologic oncology procedures.

Effects of gender, rape-supportive attitudes, and explicit instruction on perceptions of women's momentary sexual interest.

Contemporary models of male-initiated sexual aggression toward female acquaintances implicate misperception of women's sexual interest. This study investigated the effects of gender, rape-supportive attitudes and an instructional manipulation on college students' sexual-interest judgments. Two hundred seventy-six women and 220 men judged the cues of momentary sexual interest expressed by photographed women; half received instruction on the differential validity of nonverbal cues of sexual interest for estimation of women's momentary sexual interest. Participants also completed an assessment of rape-supportive attitudes. Overall, college students' perceptions of women's momentary sexual interest are compromised both nomothetically and idiographically. Both male and female college students relied not only on women's nonverbal affect but also on the provocativeness of women's clothing and attractiveness when judging women's sexual interest. Men and women showed similar average ratings, but women relied more than men on women's affect, whereas men relied more than women on women's attractiveness. Both male and female students who endorsed more rape-supportive attitudes, relative to their peers, relied less on women's affect and more on women's clothing style and attractiveness. Explicit instruction regarding the greater validity of women's affective than nonaffective cues enhanced focus on nonverbal affective cues and decreased focus on clothing style and attractiveness. Although higher rape-supportive attitudes predicted more deficits in processing cues of sexual interest, explicit instruction proved to be effective for both higher-risk and lower-risk participants. These findings highlight the generalizability of the well-established effects of explicit instruction on category learning to sexual perception and may point to procedures that eventually could be incorporated into augmented prevention programs for sexual aggression on college campuses.

Men's perceptions of women's sexual interest: Effects of environmental context, sexual attitudes, and women's characteristics.

Men’s perceptions of women’s sexual interest were studied in a sample of 250 male undergraduates, who rated 173 full-body photos of women differing in expressed cues of sexual interest, attractiveness, provocativeness of dress, and the social-environmental context into which the woman’s photo had been embedded. Environmental context significantly influenced men’s judgments of sexual interest, independently of the affective cues of sexual interest themselves and of provocativeness of dress and attractiveness. Cue usage was moderated by men’s risk for sexual aggression, as measured by a rape-myth inventory, with higher-risk men (relative to lower-risk men) relying significantly less on affective cues, relying significantly more on attractiveness, and showing a non-significant tendency to rely more on environmental cues. Men exhibited a moderate degree of insight into individual differences in their cue usage. Analysis of individual differences in cue usage suggested that men’s judgments of women’s momentary sexual interest varied along two dimensions: (1) men who relied more on affective cues were less likely to rely on women’s attractiveness (r = −0.73); and (2) men who were influenced more by provocativeness of dress were also likely to rely more on environmental context (r = 0.49). Results suggest that variation in contextual variables should be included in cognitive-training programs designed to improve the accuracy of men’s judgments of women’s affective responses. Ultimately, such training programs may prove useful as an adjunct to prevention programs for sexual aggression.

Within-cycle fluctuations in progesterone negatively predict changes in both in-pair and extra-pair desire among partnered women

Grebe et al. (2016) argued that women's sexual interest in their own partners may be under different hormonal regulation than their sexual desire for other men. They measured partnered women's salivary hormones and reports of attraction to different categories of men at two time points separated by one week. Change in progesterone positively predicted change in women's desire for their own partners, whereas change in estradiol was a negative predictor. These results are opposite to those we previously reported for the hormonal prediction of general sexual desire in a study that employed frequent hormone sampling across multiple menstrual cycles (Roney and Simmons, 2013). Here, to test replication of the Grebe et al. findings, we assessed hormonal predictors of targeted in-pair and extra-pair desire among the subset of the sample from our 2013 paper who reported being in romantic relationships. Contrary to Grebe et al. (2016), we found that within-cycle fluctuations in progesterone were negatively correlated with changes in women's desire for both their own partners and other men. In addition, both in-pair and extra-pair desire were elevated within the fertile window and lowest during the luteal phase. Our findings contradict the idea that partner-specific desire has a unique form of hormonal regulation, and instead support a general elevation of sexual motivation associated with hormonal indices of fecundity. Discussion focuses on possible reasons for the discrepancies in findings between our study and that of Grebe et al. (2016), and on the evolved functions of women's sexual motivation.

Individual differences in men's misperception of women's sexual intent: Application and extension of the confluence model

Men are more likely than women to misperceive a cross-sex companion's degree of sexual interest. The current study extends previous research by using the confluence model (Malamuth et al., 1991) to examine how narcissism and impulsive sensation-seeking are directly and indirectly associated with men's misperception of women's sexual interest. A community sample of young, single men (N=470) completed audio computer-assisted self-interviews. Using path analyses, hostile masculinity and impersonal sexual orientation were proximal predictors of men's misperception of women's sexual intent. Additionally, narcissism was indirectly related to men's misperception through hostile masculinity. Impulsive sensation-seeking was directly and indirectly related to men's misperceptions through impersonal sexual orientation. Although there was a bivariate relationship between alcohol consumption and misperception, this relationship was not significant in the path model. Overall, these findings demonstrate the importance of considering how personality traits increase the risk for misperception.

Not in the mood? Men under- (not over-) perceive their partner's sexual desire in established intimate relationships.

Men's sexual overperception bias-where men tend to perceive greater sexual interest in women's behavior than actually exists-is a well-documented finding in previous research. All of the existing research, however, has tested this effect in the context of initial encounters or for fictitious or unknown targets. No research currently exists on how people perceive their romantic partner's sexual desire in the context of ongoing, intimate relationships. In 3 dyadic studies, we provide evidence that men in established romantic relationships err in the direction of the opposite bias and underperceive their romantic partner's sexual desire. We also demonstrate that this underperception bias is functional (particularly for men) in that it is associated with their partner feeling more satisfied and committed to the relationship. In addition, people are particularly likely to underperceive their partner's desire on days when they are motivated to avoid sexual rejection, and men's underperception bias is, in part, accounted for by men's higher general levels of sexual desire than women. The current studies extend previous findings on sexual perceptual biases and demonstrate the important role of context in men's judgments of a partner's sexual interest. (PsycINFO Database Record

I want her to want me: Sexual misperception as a function of heterosexual men's romantic attachment style

Heterosexual men consistently overperceive women's sexual interest. Past studies have related overperception to individual and situational factors such as alcohol intoxication, but nobody has yet investigated personality factors that may contribute to sexual misperception. The present research takes a first step in that direction by examining the relation between attachment style and sexual misperception. Two studies revealed that men's romantic attachment anxiety and avoidance predicted the extent to which men estimated the sexual interest of a hypothetical woman in a nightclub scenario. Mediation analyses suggest that this is due to both motivated social perception and cognitive bias. Specifically, men's attachment anxiety predicts increased desire for intimacy, which predicts their hope that a woman will be sexually interested; consequently, men imagine themselves as more flirtatious in the scenario, which biases them toward imagining the woman as more flirtatious, too. A similar process occurred for attachment avoidance, but in the opposite direction.

Contextual Influences on Men's Perceptions of Women's Sexual Interest.

The current study evaluated whether the sexual relevance of the social environment potentiated men's judgments of women's sexual interest, particularly among men reporting more frequent misperception of a potential partner's sexual interest. Twenty-eight scenes were constructed depicting social environments that were either lower or higher in sexual relevance (e.g., office vs. bar). A full-body photograph of one of 14 college-aged women was inserted into each scene; the women all expressed neutral-to-positive affect and varied in provocativeness of dress and attractiveness. A total of 237 undergraduate males viewed each scene and judged how sexually interested and friendly each woman felt. Sexually relevant social environments potentiated men's judgments of women's sexual interest far more than their friendliness. This effect was stronger among more conservatively dressed women and among men reporting more frequent experiences of misperceiving a woman's sexual interest. The findings highlight the contextualized nature of emotional perception, whereby perception of emotion is potentiated in congruent, relative to incongruent, contexts.

Low sexual desire in women: amongst the confusion, could distress hold the key?

With the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; DSM-5) recently released, there has been important debate as to what constitutes low sexual desire/low sexual interest in women and how best to operationalise this construct. A new set of diagnostic criteria has been included for women who present with concerns relating to their level of desire. However, inherent to the diagnosis of “abnormal” or low level of sexual desire or interest, is the notion that there is a “normal” or average level of desire. Given that low desire is present in as many as 55% of women, it is possible that variations in desire levels may be a normative response to life circumstances. Increasing desire level has traditionally been the focus of therapy when individuals and couples experiencing desire problems present for treatment. However, this goal has proven difficult to achieve. Recent research investigating the distress associated with low desire, rather than low desire itself, may encourage a new line of potential treatment targets to address distress, as well as improve relationship quality. This paper will highlight the gaps in our understanding of this construct, outlining the seminal research conducted within the field, and offering support for new directions of enquiry.

580P - Quality of Life and Bowel Function in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer Patients Treated with an Intensified Neoadjuvant Regimen in the Expert-C Trial

ABSTRACT Aim: Intensified preoperative treatment regimens have been increasingly investigated in locally advanced rectal cancer. However, there are very limited data on the impact of these regimens on patient quality of life (QoL) and bowel function. We assessed patient QoL and bowel function in EXPERT-C, a randomised, phase II trial of neoadjuvant CAPOX followed by chemoradiotherapy (CRT), total mesorectal excision and adjuvant CAPOX ± cetuximab in MRI-defined, high-risk, locally advanced rectal cancer. Methods: Patient reported QoL was assessed using the EORTC QLQ-C30 and the colorectal cancer EORTC QLQ-CR29 questionnaire. Scores which differed by ≥10 percent points were considered clinically significant. Bowel incontinence was assessed using a modified Cleveland Clinic Incontinence Score (mCCIS) questionnaire. Results: Of 164 study patients, 157 (95.1%) completed a QLQ-C30 and a QLQ-CR29 questionnaire and 147 (89.6%) a mCCIS questionnaire, at baseline. Compared to baseline, QoL scores were worse for role functioning, fatigue, appetite loss, taste, hair loss, throughout neoadjuvant treatment, for nausea/vomiting and dry mouth during and/or after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT), and for sore skin and impotence after CRT. QoL scores were better for blood and mucus in stool throughout neoadjuvant treatment, and for diarrhoea, stool frequency, faecal incontinence and buttock pain during NACT. A significant difference was observed between QoL scores after NACT and those after CRT for sexual interest in women, diarrhoea, sore skin and buttock pain (all worse after CRT). When the two treatment groups were analysed separately, patients who received cetuximab had worse QoL scores for body image, dry mouth and taste throughout neoadjuvant treatment and sexual interest in women after CRT compared to patients treated without cetuximab. Long-term QoL data and data on bowel function will be presented at the meeting. Conclusions: This is the first study reporting on QoL and bowel function in locally advanced rectal cancer patients treated with NACT followed by CRT. QoL and functional outcome should be important endpoints to use in clinical trials investigating intensified neoadjuvant treatment strategies. Disclosure: D. Cunningham: has received research funding from Amgen, Roche, Sanofi-Aventis, and Merck- Serono; A. Cervantes Ruiperez: has had advisory roles with Merck-Serono and Roche. He has received research funding from Roche and honoraria from Roche and Merck-Serono; I. Chau: has had advisory roles with Merck Serono, Roche, and Sanofi-Aventis. He has received research funding from Merck and Roche, and honoraria from Roche and Sanofi-Aventis. All other authors have declared no conflicts of interest.

Finnish Women and Men Who Self-Report No Sexual Attraction in the Past 12 Months: Prevalence, Relationship Status, and Sexual Behavior History

The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of not reporting sexual attraction in the past year and its associations with factors related to partner relations as well as sexuality-related characteristics in a population-based sample of Finnish twins. The present study was based on a total of 3,540 participants (1,304 men and 2,236 women) aged 33-43 years. A total of 19 men and 73 women reported complete absence of sexual interest in women or men during the past year. Older age was associated with absence of sexual interest in the past year in women, but not men. Individuals who reported absence of sexual interest in the past year were more likely than individuals who reported sexual interest to be single, but those who were in a relationship did not express more dissatisfaction with their relationships. Individuals who reported absence of sexual interest in the past year had had fewer sexual partners and reported less experience of sexual behavior in childhood. Women who reported no sexual interest in the past year, but who were nevertheless sexually active, reported higher frequencies of sexual dysfunctions than matched controls. No significant differences regarding the tendency to fake orgasm were found between the sexually active individuals who reported absence of sexual interest in the past year and the group of matched controls. The present study suggests that absence of sexual interest may be a lifelong phenomenon which does not necessarily affect relationship satisfaction, but is associated with variation in sexual behaviors.

Sexuality and androgens in women with cyclical mood changes and pre‐menstrual syndrome

To study the relation between androgen levels and sexual interest in women with different kinds of pre-menstrual syndrome (PMS). Causal comparative study. Swedish university hospital outpatient clinic. Seventy women with cyclical mood changes. Pre-menstrual syndrome patients were divided into those with and those without preovulatory symptoms. In 37 women, early follicular phase blood samples were analyzed for androstenedione, testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), progesterone and estradiol, using radioimmunoassay. The participants were divided into subgroups depending on whether the levels of androgens and SHBG were above or below the median. In 33 of them it was possible to compare the cyclicity in sexual parameters between these subgroups. Daily ratings of sexual parameters and hormonal analyses. Plasma testosterone was significantly lower and SHBG significantly higher in women with luteal phase symptoms compared with those with additional follicular phase symptoms. ANOVA showed significant cyclicity for all sexual parameters consistently. For the "sexual feelings" and "pleasant sexual thoughts" parameters, cyclicity was the same whether or not the hormonal levels were "high" or "low." The "Pure-PMS" group and the "pre-menstrual-exacerbation" groups differed in their androgen and SHBG levels. Women suffering from PMS with higher neuroticism Eysenck Personality Inventory scores or "low" levels of androgens and SHBG would be more likely to have a decreased sexual interest pre-menstrually than would women with a high level.

Características y evolución del patrón sexual de la mujer embarazada

Aim: To evaluate changes in women´s sexuality during pregnancy.Methods: Cross-sectional study on a sample of 74 pregnant women. We collected data on educational, socio-economic and cultural level, age, duration of cohabitation, sexual habits, satisfaction with their sex life and sexual education received.Results: Women's sexual interest is decreased with pregnancy. Weekly frequency of intercourse is also decreased. Over 50% of respondents are satisfied with their sex life, even for a small part of them increases interest and improves their sex life during pregnancy. Almost all respondents have frequent no genitals meetings, these meetings are very desirable for themselves and for their partners.Conclusions: Increasing sexual education during pregnancy performed by professionals trained in sexual health can improve the satisfaction of pregnant women and their overall health.