Joint In Women Research Articles

Can Immigrants Help Women 'Have it All'? Immigrant Labor and Women's Joint Fertility and Labor Supply Decisions

Can Immigrants Help Women 'Have it All'? Immigrant Labor and Women's Joint Fertility and Labor Supply Decisions

SP0083 Gender as Predictors and as a Confounder in RMDs

Differences in sex ratios have since long been recognized in several common chronic diseases and are particularly common in rheumatic diseases, inflammatory as well as non-inflammatory.The present presentation will focus...

Range of motion and pain intensity of the first metatarsophalangeal joint in women with hallux valgus deformation after two-month home exercise programme

Hallux Valgus (HV) (also Hallux abducto valgus) is a common deformity of the foot, which causes pain, inflammation and decreased joint mobility in the big toe. There are no universally accepted protocols for treating advanced phase HV, corrective surgery seems to be the most common direction of curing advanced HV deformation. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of two-month home exercise programme (HEP) on joint mobility and pain of the first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTP-joint) in women with advanced phase HV deformation. Seven women with mean age 55.6±2.9 years with advanced phase HV deformation (first MTP-joint angle more than 20 degrees) participated in the study. Foot pain in different conditions was assessed with modified Foot Function Index's (FFI) pain subscale before and after HEP. Passive range of motion (PROM) of flexion and extension of the first MTP-joint was measured before and after HEP using a standard mechanical goniometer. A significant increase (p<0.001) in the passive extension of the first MTP-joint was noted after HEP compared with the joint mobility before HEP, also passive flexion increased considerably but no significant difference was noted (p>0.05). Foot pain score decreased significantly (p<0.05) after HEP. In conclusion, in advanced phase HV two-month HEP was an effective therapeutic approach for increasing first MTP-joint mobility and reducing foot pain.

Association of atherosclerosis with presence and progression of osteoarthritis: the Rotterdam Study

ObjectiveThis study examined whether vascular alterations are associated with the presence and progression of osteoarthritis of the knee, the hip and the different hand joints in a large prospective cohort...

Walking on High Heels Changes Muscle Activity and the Dynamics of Human Walking Significantly

The aim of the study was to investigate the distribution of net joint moments in the lower extremities during walking on high-heeled shoes compared with barefooted walking at identical speed. Fourteen female subjects walked at 4 km/h across three force platforms while they were filmed by five digital video cameras operating at 50 frames/second. Both barefooted walking and walking on high-heeled shoes (heel height: 9 cm) were recorded. Net joint moments were calculated by 3D inverse dynamics. EMG was recorded from eight leg muscles. The knee extensor moment peak in the first half of the stance phase was doubled when walking on high heels. The knee joint angle showed that high-heeled walking caused the subjects to flex the knee joint significantly more in the first half of the stance phase. In the frontal plane a significant increase was observed in the knee joint abductor moment and the hip joint abductor moment. Several EMG parameters increased significantly when walking on high-heels. The results indicate a large increase in bone-on-bone forces in the knee joint directly caused by the increased knee joint extensor moment during high-heeled walking, which may explain the observed higher incidence of osteoarthritis in the knee joint in women as compared with men.

Kinesiologic Study of Shoulder Joints and Acromioclavicular Joint in Women Undergoing Unilateral Breast Surgery of the Type Mastectomy and Quadrantectomy

This study includes 20 women studied by simple goniometry with mean age 57.7 years, being 09 with unilateral quadrantectomy type surgery, 01 with bilateral quadrantectomy type surgery and 10 with unilateral mastectomy surgery. The mean operative time was 9.8 (nine years and eight months). The degrees range of motion in the shoulder joints (surgical and nonsurgical side) was performed using Goniometer FisioStore. For the statistical analysis we used analysis of variance (ANOVA) double-factor without repetition (p < 0.05) comparing the types of surgery and the operated and non-operated sides. The results showed significant difference (p < 0.05) between the operated and non-operated side for both joints studied and all studied movements. There was no significant difference in range of joint motion between the types of surgery (mastectomy and quadrantectomy). On the operated side the difference was always above 20 degrees. In the case of bending motion of the arm the difference between operated and nonoperated reached 40 degrees.

Does Professed Religion Moderate the Relationship Between Women’s Domestic Power and Contraceptive Use in India?

The aim of the present research was to determine whether religion moderates the relationship between women's domestic power and the use of family planning methods in India. It has been suggested that contraception is less extensively used by the Muslim minority than the Hindu population because domestic power is weaker among Muslim women. An analysis of women's responses in the 2005-06 India National Family Health Survey data set was undertaken to evaluate the power-contraception relationship within each of five religious groups. Women whose sterilization occurred two or more years before the survey were excluded and age, education, work for cash, number of children, and place of residence were statistically controlled. Women's overall domestic power explained contraceptive use among Hindus and Buddhists but not among Muslims, Christians, nor Sikhs; women's overall power was measured by the sum of power scores from four decision areas (own health, large purchases, purchases for daily needs, visits). Similar were the results concerning the influence of women's joint decision making about large household purchases, except that Sikhs presented a significant relationship. The minority status hypothesis cannot explain the observed differences and no meaningful pattern was discerned in the complex relationships observed between religion, women's power, demographic and socioeconomic variables, and contraceptive use. The key to understanding may be in a relevant ideological component, to be discovered, that differentiates Hinduism/Buddhism from Islam/Christianism.

Jan Doolittle Wilson.The Women's Joint Congressional Committee and the Politics of Maternalism, 1920–30.:The Women's Joint Congressional Committee and the Politics of Maternalism, 1920–30.(Women in American History.)

Jan Doolittle Wilson.<i>The Women's Joint Congressional Committee and the Politics of Maternalism, 1920–30</i>.:The Women's Joint Congressional Committee and the Politics of Maternalism, 1920–30.<i>(Women in American History.)</i>

Journal of Hand Surgery

Long-term outcomes of closed reduction and percutaneous pinning for the treatment of distal radius fractures. Glickel SZ, Catalano LW, Raia FJ, Barron OA, Grabow R, Chia B. J Hand Surg Am. 2008;33:1700–1705.

The Women's Joint Congressional Committee and the politics of maternalism, 1920-30

The Women's Joint Congressional Committee and the politics of maternalism, 1920-30

Pregnancy-Related Pelvic Girdle Pain: Intertester Reliability of 3 Tests to Determine Asymmetric Mobility of the Sacroiliac Joints

Objective Several tests have been developed to determine the extent of sacroiliac asymmetry during pregnancy-related pelvic girdle pain (PGP). This blinded control study investigated the intertester reliability of 3 such tests used in PGP. Methods A total of 62 women (ages 20-40 years) were recruited from regional obstetric practices and subsequently divided into 3 groups: (1) 20 women without PGP who were pregnant for more than 20 weeks, (2) 22 women with PGP who were pregnant for more than 20 weeks, and (3) a control group of 20 women who were not pregnant and had no back pain or PGP. All tests were performed by 2 physiotherapists independently of each other and blinded to each other's results. The 3 tests were the thumb–posterior superior iliac spines test, the heel-bank test, and the abduction test. Results To determine the level of agreement between the 2 testers, κ values were calculated. The overall κ is 0.30 (range, −0.22 to 0.83), which is considered as a poor agreement. The percentage agreement per test/category ranged from 45% to 95%. Conclusion This study of 3 tests used to determine asymmetry of the sacroiliac joints in women with pregnancy-related PGP showed them to have a poor intertester reliability.

Osteoarthritis of the Thumb Carpometacarpal Joint in Women and Occupational Risk Factors: A Case–Control Study

Purpose: This study compared women who required surgery for carpometacarpal (CMC) joint osteoarthritis (OA) with women who did not have CMC joint OA in an attempt to explore whether possible risk factors such as occupations, hand postures, and tasks involving the CMC joint had an impact on this condition. If risk factors can be identified, then preventative measures in the workplace might be effective at reducing the occurrence of this condition.

Osteoarthritis of the Thumb Carpometacarpal Joint in Women and Occupational Risk Factors: A Case–Control Study

Among other etiologic factors involved in first carpometacarpal (CMC) osteoarthritis (OA), occupational factors have been postulated as influencing the occurrence of this condition. Very few epidemiologic studies, however, have evaluated this topic. Determining the occupational risk factors is important in proposing preventive measures at the workplace. This case-control study was undertaken to explore whether there was a history of greater exposure to some occupational factors (eg, occupations, hand postures, tasks involving the CMC joint) in women requiring surgery for CMC OA compared with women with no CMC OA noted by history and physical examination. The case subjects were 61 women surgically treated for primary CMC OA and the control subjects were 120 aged matched women without history or features of CMC OA. A detailed structured interview was developed to elicit information about age, smoking habits, medical history, lifestyle history, and occupational factors. Occupational factors were based on a detailed history of jobs, coded according to the International Standard Classification of Occupations. For the main occupation/job held for the longest duration and during an average working day, subjects were asked about hand posture or tasks involving requirements presumed to cause a strain or a high load to the CMC joint and about certain work conditions. Of the 61 case and 120 control subjects, 5 and 14, respectively, had never worked. There was no difference between the average number of jobs through the working lifetime of the group of case subjects compared with the group of control subjects. Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjustment for age, smoking status, obesity, CMC OA family history, hysterectomy history, parity, and occasional job, the following occupational factors were risk factors for CMC OA: occupations presumed to be associated with increased risk for CMC OA, occupations involving repetitive thumb use, and jobs perceived by the subject having not enough rest breaks during a day. The group of case subjects had a higher prevalence of hysterectomy history and family CMC OA history compared with the group of control subjects. Although previous studies have reported that work and exposure history may lack precision as risk factors, our results give further evidence to support the role of certain occupational factors in the occurrence of CMC OA in women. Therapeutic II.

Relaxin and β-estradiol modulate targeted matrix degradation in specific synovial joint fibrocartilages: progesterone prevents matrix loss

Relaxin, a 6-kDa polypeptide hormone, is a potent mediator of matrix turnover and contributes to the loss of collagen and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) from reproductive tissues, including the fibrocartilaginous pubic symphysis of several species. This effect is often potentiated by β-estradiol. We postulated that relaxin and β-estradiol might similarly contribute to the enhanced degradation of matrices in fibrocartilaginous tissues from synovial joints, which may help explain the preponderance of diseases of specific fibrocartilaginous joints in women of reproductive age. The objective of this study was to compare the in vivo effects of relaxin, β-estradiol, and progesterone alone or in various combinations on GAG and collagen content of the rabbit temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc fibrocartilage, knee meniscus fibrocartilage, knee articular cartilage, and the pubic symphysis. Sham-operated or ovariectomized female rabbits were administered β-estradiol (20 ng/kg body weight), progesterone (5 mg/kg), or saline intramuscularly. This was repeated 2 days later and followed by subcutaneous implantation of osmotic pumps containing relaxin (23.3 μg/kg) or saline. Tissues were retrieved 4 days later and analyzed for GAG and collagen. Serum relaxin levels were assayed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Relaxin administration resulted in a 30-fold significant (p < 0.0001) increase in median levels (range, approximately 38 to 58 pg/ml) of systemic relaxin. β-estradiol, relaxin, or β-estradiol + relaxin caused a significant loss of GAGs and collagen from the pubic symphysis and TMJ disc and of collagen from articular cartilage but not from the knee meniscus. Progesterone prevented relaxin- or β-estradiol-mediated loss of these molecules. The loss of GAGs and collagen caused by β-estradiol, relaxin, or β-estradiol + relaxin varied between tissues and was most prominent in pubic symphysis and TMJ disc fibrocartilages. The findings suggest that this targeted modulation of matrix loss by hormones may contribute selectively to degeneration of specific synovial joints.

Cephalometric keys to internal derangement of temporomandibular joint in women with Class II malocclusions

The aim of this study was to find cephalometric keys to provide information on the progression of temporomandibular internal derangement. The sample consisted of 58 women with Class II malocclusions. They were examined with routine lateral cephalograms and magnetic resonance imaging of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) before orthodontic treatment. They were classified into 3 groups according to the results of the magnetic resonance imaging: normal disk position, disk displacement with reduction, and disk displacement without reduction. Thirty-four cephalometric variables regarding their pretreatment lateral cephalograms were analyzed by 1-way analysis of variance to evaluate the differences in the dentofacial morphology among the 3 groups. The results showed a decrease in posterior facial height, a decrease in ramus height, and backward rotation and retruded position of the mandible in the subjects with internal derangement of the TMJ. These changes were less severe in those with disk displacement with reduction and more severe as internal derangement progressed to disk displacement without reduction. The results suggest that internal derangement of the TMJ might induce dentofacial changes, and that some cephalometric variables can assist in identifying potential patients with internal derangement of the TMJ.

From the courts to the state legislatures: social justice feminism, labor legislation, and the 1920s

The Progressive Era, a period of important social and political activism which stretched from 1890 through the end of World War I, now offers a rich, diverse historiography.1 In contrast, the 1920s...

Osteoarthritis of the hands in the rural population: a follow-up study.

The aim of this study was to analyze the progression of hand osteoarthritis in rural population and to determine the factors which could influence that progression. Participants of both sexes were 54-56 years of age at the first visit. Radiographs of both hands, anthropometry and blood pressure measurement were performed at baseline and than repeated 10 years later. Total number of 286 participants completed the study. Radiographs were red according to Kellgren-Lawrence criteria. Distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints were most frequently affected with osteoarthritis at the baseline and after 10 years. The worst deterioration (three grades) was found in DIP joints in women and in proximal interphalangeal joints in men. Grip strength in men was significantly related with progression of the disease, which allow us to conclude that in our population sample mechanical factors, probably occupational workload, are associated with the more rapid progression of the disease.

Musculoskeletal pain in the obese: a comparison with a general population and long-term changes after conventional and surgical obesity treatment

Obesity is associated with musculoskeletal pain and osteoarthritis. This study compares the prevalence of work-restricting musculoskeletal pain in an obese and a general population and investigates changes in the incidence of and recovery from musculoskeletal pain after bariatric surgery or conventional obesity treatment. A random sample of 1135 subjects from a general population was compared with 6328 obese subjects in the Swedish obese subjects (SOS) study. For the obese subjects, information about musculoskeletal pain was also collected 2 and 6 years after obesity surgery or the start of non-surgical treatment. In both sexes, self-reported work-restricting pain in the neck and back area and in the hip, knee and ankle joints was more common in the obese subjects than in the general population (odds ratios (ORs) ranging from 1.7 to 9.9, P<0.001). Operated obese women had a lower incidence of work-restricting pain in the knee and ankle joints compared with the conventionally treated control group over 2 and 6 years (ORs 0.51–0.71). Among subjects reporting symptoms at baseline, the recovery rate for pain in the knee and ankle joints in men and pain in the neck and back and in the hip, knee and ankle joints in women improved in the surgical group compared with the control group after 2 years (ORs 1.4–4.8). Obese subjects have more problems with work-restricting musculoskeletal pain than the general population. Surgical obesity treatment reduces the long-term risk of developing work-restricting musculoskeletal pain and increases the likelihood of recovering from such pain.

The Best for Women Joint International Conference

The Best for Women Joint International Conference

Female Faith and the Politics of the Personal: Five Mission Encounters in Twentieth-Century South Africa

This article explores female religious interaction in racially divided ‘colonial’ South Africa through the lives of five unmarried Anglican women missionaries who worked in and around Johannesburg between 1907 and 1960. It particularly analyses the quality of their personal relationships with African women converts, colleagues and students. Deaconess Julia Gilpin, in the imperial, anglicizing post-Boer War years, encouraged devout, respectable wifehood on the mine compounds, contributing to the corporate solidarity of praying mothers as a deeply entrenched feature of most black churches. Dora Earthy interacted in a warmer, more egalitarian way with black churchwomen. Her transfer to Mozambique led not only to evangelistic building on African cultural traditions and pioneering anthropological research but also to the protection and validation of Christian widows’ autonomy against coerced remarriage. Frances Chilton and Dorothy Maud, despite sharply contrasting class origins, struggled to connect with more assertive networks of married women in the segregationist 1920s and 1930s, devoting their energies rather to guiding and enhancing African girlhood and youth. Hannah Stanton, in the more politically fraught 1950s, recognized the necessary independence of African actors and the limitations of outdated white liberal advocacy. Her training of African women promised new theological and organizational maturity, a potential collegiality, cut short by her detention in the 1960 State of Emergency and subsequent expulsion. The historical sweep of this survey suggests which personal and political conjunctures opened up or closed down meaningful interaction between colonized and colonizing women. It also offers a more positive evaluation of the intersection of race and religion as not invariably a ‘fatal combination’. The politics of the personal in women's joint educational, mission and social welfare ventures across the racial divide helped keep alive the idea of a single society and thus aided the surprisingly peaceful transition to democracy in South Africa in 1994.