Women's Issues Research Articles

Title in English: Masculine Visions of Women Rape in England, in the Period of the Plantagenet Family (A.D. 1154- 1485)

The Middle Ages period is one of the periods that is unique in highlighting the role of men, youth, masculinity, and chivalry in various fields of life, and this appeared socially through men controlling women. Here, the most important problems of the study appear, which is that England is far from the Church of Rome, the source of Catholicism, in addition to the heterogeneity of its population of Bretons, Anglo-Saxons and Normans, which led to the emergence of a group of divergent visions about looking at women in general and women's issues in particular. In view of the length of the study period represented in the era of the Plantagenet family (1154-1485 AD); The aim of the study is to highlight the development of masculine literary, judicial and political visions on the issue of rape of women, which was common in the period under study The direct result of this research is that the prevalence of women's rape represents one of the episodes of people's consistency with the English rulers, who took the initiative to do so for political justifications.

The Main Principles and Directions of the Activity of Socially Engaged Buddhism

The work deals with the history, main principles and areas of activity of "Socially Engaged Buddhism" - an influential trend of modern Buddhist social activism that is especially popular in Western countries. It is noted that its relevance is caused by the need to develop new forms of interaction between Buddhism and society, brought about by a clash with the ideology and social practices of modernity as well as by the consequences of the globalization process; according to the ideologists of "Socially Engaged Buddhism," the traditional forms of Sangha social activity had ceased to meet the challenges of modernity. The main areas of activity of the movement are: 1) environmental issues; 2) racism and ethno-cultural diversity; 3) volunteer and educational work with prisoners; and 4) the women's movement and gender issues. The movement of Engaged Buddhism rather quickly acquired institutionalized forms in the West. Moreover, if initially its activity developed within the framework of Asian Buddhist organizations that have branches in the countries of the West, subsequently new forms and organizations developed within Western communities. These structures quite actively conduct publishing, educational and training activities, so that at present the "Engaged Buddhism" movement is one of the most influential forms of social activity of Buddhism in the countries of the West.

Khaled Hosseini's women as modern archetypes: A study of obedient, resistant and empowered Afghan women.

This article focuses on Khaled Hosseini's use of the analogy of women as obedient, resistant, and empowered as modern archetypes who learn of the gendered oppression that works through their bodies. Khaled Hosseini, through his writings, lends voice and offers moral encouragement to women by crafting resistant, rebellious, empowered, and strong female characters. With theoretical support from Johnson's Patriarchal Terrorism and Spivak's Can the subaltern speak, this article traces how Hosseini interrogates the patriarchal hierarchies that encompass women's identity in Afghanistan. Women's sufferings correlate with the country's overall circumstances, particularly during and after the war, on the terror regime. Therefore, women's endurance and Afghanistan's endurance amid hostile and oppressive circumstances become equally imperative for Hosseini's works. This article finds that Hosseini correlates Afghan women's issues like tradition and modernity, women and Islam, mother and daughter relationship, resistance and rebellion, and their quest for change and empowerment with the war on terror, foreign invasions, and the rule of the Taliban in Afghanistan.

Wasita Rini: Pemikiran Ki Hajar Dewantara Dalam Pendidikan Perempuan

The discussion on Women's Education is never finished. Women as domestic workers or tied up in public spaces are not asked to be debated; they are used as a discourse for discussion everywhere. This study aims to brainstorm in the discussion of how education is applied to women. The research method used is the historical method. The results of the research, which focused on (1) Women's Issues in the Wasita Rini Period, (2) Wasita Rini as the Fruit of Thoughts on Education for Women, (3) Wasita Rini and Education for Women Pre and PostIndependence, showed that Ki Hajar Dewantara as It turns out that the founders of Indonesian education have initiated education for women through their works, one of which is Wasita Rini's fiber. Ki Hajar Dewantara responded wisely to the strong waves that world female leaders exhaled at that time; he involved women's rights in all fields, one of which was related to gender injustice, but by still precipitating eastern norms. Therefore, women leaders in Indonesia can use this research as a reflection; women today are responsible for continuing the struggle.
 Keywords: Wasita Rini, Ki Hajar Dewantara, Pendidikan Perempuan

The so-called 2015 Agreement between Japan and South Korea and the Korean Comfort Women Issue

The so-called 2015 Agreement between Japan and South Korea and the Korean Comfort Women Issue

The Role of District Magnitude in When Women Represent Women

AbstractLegislators are likely to substantively represent groups to which they belong or with which they have some particular affinity. However, there are electoral systems that diminish this tendency and systems that promote it. More precisely, as district magnitude increases, representatives will be freer to focus on issues that are not decisive of vote choice for most voters. In this letter, we use a case of electoral reform and the nature of the post-reform chamber (Chile's Chamber of Deputies) to test whether increasing district magnitude makes it more likely that women will focus on women's issues. A series of tests on multiple sets of observations show robust results for the conclusion that as the number of candidates elected in a district increases, elected women become more likely to pursue women's issues.

Analysis of the Status of Muslim Women in Islam in the two Decades from the Western Lens and Media

Following sound knowledge and a better understanding of women's issues from the grassroots level could be a great source of policy-making, particularly on women empowerment. In addition, women’s studies could be a potential means of effecting a positive change toward building a better society. Women’s studies play a pivotal role in the attainment of societal progress and human development. Media can be used to navigate the impact of the negative portrayal of Muslim women in societies across the globe. Thus, under the lens of print and non-print media, numerous Oriental researchers had been examining the plight of Muslim women to unveil their status and the active role they play in societies. This research explores the previous research on issues and experiences of Muslim women geared towards creating a positive attitude and better perspective on Muslim women. Since the year 2000, there had been a great development of research and studies which focused on Muslim women from different perspectives. Hence, there is a need to review the related literature on Muslim women due to its important role in presenting the various identities, and the role of Muslim women in societies across the world.

INTERNATIONAL DIMENSION OF GENDER EQUALITY: SOCIAL AND LEGAL RESEARCH

The article is devoted to the analysis of acts adopted by the United Nations in the field of women's rights and combating gender asymmetry. The authors emphasize that the activities of the UN contribute to the development of the gender dimension of social policy and the legal provision of equal status for both sexes. Representatives of the UN have repeatedly recorded trouble in the "women's issue". At this time, in particular, almost total illiteracy of the female population was recorded. This circumstance was regarded as a brake and a shear obstacle in the matter of emancipation. Appealing to the tools of gender sociology, in particular to the concept of a new gender order, it is shown that at present a special role in ensuring women's rights is played by a specially established in 2010 structural unit under the auspices of the United Nations - UN Women. With the goal of improving the status of women, this entity is guided by the principle that gender equality is at the heart of the human rights and human values ​​of the United Nations.

For a Just and Better World: Engendering Anarchism in the Mexican Borderlands, 1900–1938

For a Just and Better World: Engendering Anarchism in the Mexican Borderlands, 1900–1938

What determines the relative success of different war compensation policies? Comparing three unresolved compensation issues between Japan and South Korea

AbstractThis article examines three Japan–South Korea postwar compensation cases: the comfort women issue, the Sakhalin Island forced labor issue, and Korean atomic bomb survivor issue. These compensation movements produced vastly different results, even though the basic policy directions for compensation provision in all three cases were similar. Japan's approach toward the comfort women problem has been a complete failure, while its treatment of the Sakhalin forced labor issue and the atomic bomb issues has been more successful. This article's explanation of the different outcomes focuses on the character and geographical base of the civic groups leading these compensation movements. In South Korea, women's rights activists spearheaded the comfort women compensation movement and related victim-relief activities. The Korean non-governmental organizations (NGOs) that assisted the comfort women treated this problem not only as a women's rights issue, but also as a nationalist issue. In contrast, the Red Cross, a politically neutral international organization, promoted the Sakhalin forced labor and atomic bomb issues. In short, the different receptions accorded to those championing the comfort women issue and those promoting the Sakhalin forced labor and atomic bomb issues depended on the principal agent of each compensation process. This article aims to provide some implications for successfully implementing postwar compensation policies. It suggests that, if successful postwar compensation policy depends on successful perpetrator–victim reconciliation, establishing solidarity between perpetrator and victim countries’ civic groups is important. This can only be facilitated through the depoliticized and transparent operation of leading NGOs both inside and outside the redressal-seeking nation.

The Women's Rights Lobby in the Gender Gap Congress, 1983-84

This paper analyzes the successes and failures of the women's right lobby during the 98th Congress, when the media made the "gender gap" a political watchword and legislators were unusually anxious to show support for women's issues. A similarly favorable climate had existed ten years earlier, but the women's interest groups were new to lobbying, had little coordination and were unable to attract coalition partners among more established groups. This time they had the Congressional Caucus for Women's Issues as a liaison to over 100 House members, an agreed agenda called the Economic Equity Act and 165 allied organizations making up the Leadership Conference for Civil Rights. By playing the gender gap the Caucus and women lobbyists were able to win enactment of pension reform and child support enforcement legislation. While the gender gap is no longer in the headlines, some momentum has been retained.

A qualitative exploration of factors influencing women's intention to use shared taxis: A study on the characteristics of urban commuting behavior in Iran

Compared with men, women have different travel behavior. Various factors may affect women's transportation-related decisions, especially in a developing country like Iran with a patriarchal culture. Moreover, distinct characteristics of some transportation systems in Iran, such as rounding and fixed-route shared taxis, whose properties are different from the conventional taxis in western countries, may lead to further differences in Iranian women's transportation mode choice behavior. Studies investigating women's travel behavior and transportation mode choice have often focused on quantitative modeling and mainly highlight the gender differences rather than identifying the underlying factors contributing to women's different behavior. To fulfill this gap, this study attempts to explore the factors and motivations affecting women's shared mobility choices, specifically, shared taxis, in a less developed country with specific socio-cultural structures. Such exploratory research may necessitate a qualitative study that can clarify the cause of the behaviors. Thus, in this study, the conventional content analysis with an inductive approach, in both the latent and manifest levels, was performed. In-depth semi-structured interviews with 15 students and working women living in Tehran (the capital of Iran) were conducted. According to the latent content analysis results, a complex set of factors contributes to women's intention to use shared taxis that can be classified into seven main themes with several sub-themes. The study showed that the fear of abuse and imaginary harassment strongly influence women's transportation-related decisions. Also, women may face direct and indirect restrictions from the family and society. The gender social halo and family norms, more prevalent in traditional and developing societies, may also challenge women's everyday mobility. Moreover, the impact of individual values and beliefs, as well as personality factors on women's travel behavior, cannot be ignored. Indirect social learning is another important factor identified as influential in using shared taxis. Manifest content analysis also resulted in three main categories, including environment-specific factors, trip-vehicle-specific factors, and individual-specific factors. The study attempted to provide more profound insight into women's transportation-related behaviors for policymakers in order to reconsider transportation planning. Also, findings highlighted the role of collaborative efforts of sociologists, psychologists, and transportation planners in tackling women's transportation-related issues in less developed countries with different socio-cultural norms from Western societies.

Feminism And Politics: A Study on Women's Representation in The Simultaneous Regional Elections 2018 in Makassar City

Introduction: This study discusses the role of feminism and women's representation in general elections in Indonesia, especially what happened in the Simultaneous Regional Election of Makassar City in 2018, where two women were asked to become candidates for Deputy Mayor. Method: The author uses descriptive qualitative research and has conducted observations, direct interviews, documentation, audio, and visual materials. Result: The result of this study, based on the Final Voter List, is that women (507,487 female voters) are more optimal in exercising their voting rights in the Regional Head Elections in Makassar compared to men (483,349 people). Conslusion: Interviews show that women are highly expected in elections where society wants leaders who can understand mothers' and women's issues. This phenomenon is expected to ignite the spirit of women's participation in elections. Representation of women gives a new color to political strategy, especially in socialization and political communication activities.

Feminism And Politics: A Study on Women's Representation in The Simultaneous Regional Elections 2018 in Makassar City

Introduction: This study discusses the role of feminism and women's representation in general elections in Indonesia, especially what happened in the Simultaneous Regional Election of Makassar City in 2018, where two women were asked to become candidates for Deputy Mayor. Method: The author uses descriptive qualitative research and has conducted observations, direct interviews, documentation, audio, and visual materials. Result: The result of this study, based on the Final Voter List, is that women (507,487 female voters) are more optimal in exercising their voting rights in the Regional Head Elections in Makassar compared to men (483,349 people). Conslusion: Interviews show that women are highly expected in elections where society wants leaders who can understand mothers' and women's issues. This phenomenon is expected to ignite the spirit of women's participation in elections. Representation of women gives a new color to political strategy, especially in socialization and political communication activities.

Penyebaran Paham Feminisme di Media Sosial Instagram:

This study focuses of the widespread of feminism on social media, especially on @indonesiafeminis Instagram, which raises women's issues and social issues in general, including issues of consent, sexual violence and harassment, marital rape, genderless household, to issues of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer (LGBTQ+) to their followers. The method of this study is qualitative, by observing @indonesiafeminis Instagram account, face-to-face and online interviews via Direct Message on Instagram with the followers of @indonesiafeminis, and contents documentation on @indonesiafeminis Instagram which was the public discussion. This study explains that feminism which widely spread through the @indonesiafeminis Instagram is a liberal and secular Western feminism that is not accordance with religious taughts and Pancasila which every rules based on God values, in terms of normalize the feminism movement in Indonesia, consent in sexual relations, My Body My Authority (normalization of revealing clothes), to normalization the case of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer (LGBTQ+) groups in religious views, which clearly inappropriate and violate religious rules by hide behind the Human Rights. 
 Keywords: social media, feminism, instagram

Penyebaran Paham Feminisme di Media Sosial Instagram:

This study focuses of the widespread of feminism on social media, especially on @indonesiafeminis Instagram, which raises women's issues and social issues in general, including issues of consent, sexual violence and harassment, marital rape, genderless household, to issues of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer (LGBTQ+) to their followers. The method of this study is qualitative, by observing @indonesiafeminis Instagram account, face-to-face and online interviews via Direct Message on Instagram with the followers of @indonesiafeminis, and contents documentation on @indonesiafeminis Instagram which was the public discussion. This study explains that feminism which widely spread through the @indonesiafeminis Instagram is a liberal and secular Western feminism that is not accordance with religious taughts and Pancasila which every rules based on God values, in terms of normalize the feminism movement in Indonesia, consent in sexual relations, My Body My Authority (normalization of revealing clothes), to normalization the case of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer (LGBTQ+) groups in religious views, which clearly inappropriate and violate religious rules by hide behind the Human Rights. 
 Keywords: social media, feminism, instagram

Substantive representation of women, informal quotas and appointed upper house parliaments: The case of the Omani State Council

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Navigating Hasidic Mental Health Issues for Women

Navigating Hasidic Mental Health Issues for Women

Musculoskeletal Disorders in Pakistani Women during Pregnancy: A Population Base Study

Introduction: Changes in posture, blood physiology, weight increase, changes in musculotendinous strength, and joints and ligaments laxity are only some of the physical changes that occur during pregnancy. According to several studies, pregnancy-related back discomfort affects 25% to 75% of women. The primary goal of this research is to provide a comprehensive picture of women's musculoskeletal issues during pregnancy and identify the most prevalent triggers of pregnancy-related musculoskeletal discomfort.
 Methodology: From Jan 2019 to Jan 2020, the Department of Orthopedic Surgery Territory Care Hospital performed this investigation. In this research, 92 women were enrolled after the IRB (Institutional Review Board) of the Territory Care Hospital approved the study's ethical standards. This research monitored patients throughout their pregnancies to see if they had any musculoskeletal issues. Pregnant women between the ages of 18 and 45 who had a term pregnancy (37-42 weeks) were included in the research. The authors didn't include women with any history of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, or SLE, a systemic autoimmune disease.
 Findings: Participants in the research were 32.18 years old on average with a standard deviation of 7.82 years. Moreover, half of the participants were college graduates, 71. (76.44%) while pregnant, participants gained an average weight of 14.70 and 7.82 kg. Only four (4 %) of these women engaged in aerobic activity. Most study participants reported musculoskeletal complaints at night with 75 reporting nighttime symptoms (85%). There were 82 (90%) people with low back pain, 10 (10%) participants with arthralgia, 35 (40%) participants with arthritis, and 32 (35%) participants with neck pain in the study. Pregnancy-related musculoskeletal issues substantially drain the health care system's budget. Arthritis and neck discomfort is among the most prevalent musculoskeletal complaints. Pregnancy-related weight gain and inactivity exacerbate these issues. The findings of this research need to be validated in more extensive trials.

Investigating women's health issues and help-seeking intentions in primary care in Japan: a cross-sectional study.

BackgroundMany women face a variety of barriers to seeing obstetricians and gynecologists (OB/GYNs). Primary care physicians (PCPs) in Japan are not well equipped to address and adequately handle women’s health issues. Hence, opportunities for women to consult PCPs about women’s health issues are often limited during busy outpatient encounters. It is essential to explore PCP’s roles in women’s health care by examining women’s health needs in a primary care setting. The aim of the study is to describe the prevalence and distribution of women’s health issues and help-seeking intentions among women visiting a primary care clinic.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study using a questionnaire. We included women aged 20–60 years who visited a primary care clinic for any reason. The questionnaire comprised a list of women’s health issues, the General Help Seeking Questionnaire to assess help-seeking intentions, and participants’ demographics including their reasons for visiting and regularity of OB/GYN visits.ResultsWe distributed the questionnaire to 294 women and analyzed 260 valid responses. The average age of the respondents was 40.5 years old, and they had an average of 5.2 clinic visits a year. Approximately half of them (50.4%) visited for their own care. One hundred thirty-nine (53.9%) reported at least one women’s health issue, and 73.9% of them had no regular visit to an OB/GYN. The major concerns of women’s health issues included gynecological cancer screenings and menstrual problems. The distribution of help-seeking intentions for each source of care appeared to be classified into three patterns. One fifth of the women indicated high help-seeking intentions for PCPs, and a greater number of women expressed higher help-seeking intentions for PCPs when they did not regularly see an OB/GYN.ConclusionsA significant number of women who visited a primary care clinic had a specific concern about women’s health issues, and a majority of them had not regularly visited their OB/GYN. PCPs may have an important role in providing an opportunity for women to discuss their concerns about women’s health issues as part of comprehensive care during a daily clinical encounter.