Involvement Of Women Research Articles

Why Pakistani Women Do Not Use Intrauterine Contraceptive Devices: A Systematic Review of Barriers and Misconceptions.

This review explores barriers limiting the adoption of Intrauterine Contraceptive Devices (IUCDs) in Pakistan, focusing exclusively on local articles. As Pakistan's high population calls for widespread contraception, we aim to pinpoint obstacles hindering IUCD utilization, irrespective of parity. We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed, Google Scholar, PakMedinet, and Wiley Online Library for English-language primary studies published between 2000 and 2022, reporting on IUCD utilization in Pakistan. Our analysis reveals multiple barriers impeding IUCD use in Pakistan. These encompass patriarchal social norms, male dominance, low education, socioeconomic status, and unemployment. Post-insertion health concerns, inadequate counseling, government commitment, and awareness were also identified barriers. Provider confidence, client trust, women's autonomy, social constraints, and limited male partner involvement hindered IUCD adoption. A desire for larger families and male offspring, vague religious beliefs, fear, and misconceptions further restricted usage. Accessibility and high service costs also posed challenges. This review highlights prevailing impediments to IUCD adoption in Pakistan, encompassing knowledge gaps, motivation deficits, resistance from husbands and in-laws, cultural and religious beliefs, limited access, and communication barriers. To promote IUCDs as a modern contraceptive method, it is essential to raise awareness among both men and women. Active involvement of religious leaders and community stakeholders is crucial in addressing these social factors hindering IUCD utilization.

Devoted, Pious, Frivolous and Irreverent Women: The Representation of Female Religiosity in Spanish Painting, 1868–1917

AbstractThe aim of this article is to show how Spanish painting of the nineteenth century helped to construct the narrative of a female religiosity based on sentiment, which was specific to women. This narrative was not free from misogyny because women's piety was often diluted, converted into something superficial. It was brimming with exaggerated sentimentalism, the product of superstition and lacking in careful reflection, without an intellectual religious discourse – which women, by their nature, could never reach. Women's involvement in religion and catholic movements was not as insubstantial, sentimental or naïve as it has been presented or made out to be; but this reality was not reflected in painting.

Analyzing the Role of Women in Climate Resilience Building and Sustainable Farming Practices in Nigeria

This study analyzes the role of women in climate resilience building and sustainable farming practices in Nigeria. The country's heavy reliance on agriculture and its vulnerability to climate change make it imperative to understand and enhance women's participation in these areas. Through a systematic review of literature, this research provides insights into the different levels of women's involvement in climate resilience building and sustainable farming practices. Women's contributions include knowledge and skills, natural resource management, community resilience, and education and awareness. However, women face challenges such as limited access to resources, gender-based discrimination, and exclusion from decision-making processes. Women's leadership in sustainable farming practices is crucial for global food security and sustainable development. Gender-inclusive policies and strategies are crucial for building climate resilience, as they acknowledge the unique challenges women face due to existing gender inequalities. Enhancing women's access to financing, training, and agricultural extension services is essential for gender equality and empowering women in the agricultural sector. The findings emphasize the importance of gender perspectives in addressing climate change impacts and highlight the vulnerabilities faced by women in Nigeria. Recommendations for policymakers, organizations, and stakeholders include developing gender-inclusive policies, providing access to financing, strengthening capacity-building initiatives, improving access to agricultural extension services, promoting women's leadership and representation, and fostering collaboration and knowledge sharing. This study highlights the significant role of women in climate resilience building and sustainable farming practices in Nigeria and calls for their enhanced participation and empowerment in these areas.

The Involvement of Women’s Instant Politics in the Legislative Candidates From 2019-2024 Base on Gender Justice in Jambi City

In the 2019 legislative elections, the issue of women's representation in politics, as much as 30%, is interesting to study. Law No.7 of 2017 in article 245 states that the list of prospective candidates contains at least 30% women. The problem now is the lack of women's interest in politics and the lack of female cadres. Political parties need to find an instant way to make women more than only commodities to fulfill the party's qualification requirements. This study aims to explore the dynamics of women's involvement in legislative nominations in Jambi City and the government's participation in maximizing women's involvement. This research was conducted in Jambi City using a case study approach. The selection of the data was from political party officials and at the same time, they became the research informants. In addition, the General Election Commission (KPU) of the City of Jambi was a supplementary informant. Data collection was done through brainstorming and interviews. This research uses the theory of liberal feminism and the theory of gender politics. Furthermore, this research will find a model of gender equality in politics based on gender justice in terms of representation in the political world by showing partiality to be on the agenda and the issues of women.

Inclusive Environmental Decision-making in a Developing Nation: Insights from the Ogoni Remediation Project, Niger Delta, Nigeria

Greater involvement of women is globally believed to enhance environmental management outcomes. Despite being disproportionately affected by environmental degradation primarily caused by oil spills in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria, women in the region are often excluded in environmental decision-making processes. Women involved in farming and fishing face increased vulnerability to contaminated land, food insecurity and conflicts driven by environmental degradation. Using a mixed approach, women, lawmakers, policymakers, regulators, civil society organizations, environmental management practitioners, and government agents responsible for environmental remediation were engaged through interviews, focus group discussions and questionnaires to examine women’s inclusion in environmental decision-making and governance in the Ogoni contaminated land remediation project in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. The results indicate that lack of trust and confidence in drivers of the environmental decision-making process could affect women’s participation and involvement in environmental management. Although cultural beliefs and practices impede the participation of women in the region, their actual participation does not independently translate into inclusion in environmental decision-making due to limited capacity, confidence and trust in the process. Creating platforms for capacity building, developing gender policy, adapting appropriate communication strategies, initiating women networks and strengthening social cohesion could enhance women involvement in environmental decision-making in regions with similar cultural context to the Niger Delta region.

Decision-making experiences and the need for decision aids in women considering vaginal birth after cesarean: A qualitative meta-synthesis.

This study aims to comprehensively explore the decision-making requirements of women contemplating vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC). A meta-synthesis approach was employed for this study. Using an integrative methodology, we conducted a systematic assessment of women's experiences and needs related to VBAC decision-making. A comprehensive search was conducted across The Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, Ovid Medline, SCOPUS, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PsycINFO, and Wan Fang databases to identify pertinent studies between 2000 and 2022. Furthermore, the reference lists of the included studies were thoroughly examined. Fifteen studies were incorporated, from which seven themes emerged: emotional changes, preference for vaginal birth, unmet information needs, influences on decision-making, decision-making autonomy, aligning information provision with decision-support needs, and the requirement for support systems. Two primary syntheses were constructed on the decision-making process and the need for decision-making aids, respectively. Women opting for VBAC experienced emotional shifts during their decision-making process in pregnancy. There remains a need for an enhanced decision-making tool to guide them in their choice. Recommendations for implementation in VBAC decision aids include facilitating women's involvement in decision-making, satisfying their information needs, and delivering appropriate emotional support.

Qur'anic Narratives of Women's Competencies and The Consequences of Islamic Law on Their Involvement in Society

Many people continue to believe that the Islamic Law perspective of women differs from men, which tends to be based on subordinate doctrines. However, in the al-Qur'an, divine revelation proclaims that women also have Competencies which is demonstrated by various forms of narration in the language style of the Qur'an along with their prowess in the public sector based on social reality. This paper discusses the main problem, namely the competence of women in the Qur'an from the perspective of Islamic law and their work in society. This research uses a qualitative research type with the method of text analysis of the verses of the Qur'an with an interpretive science approach, as well as analysis of field data regarding the role of women in various sectors of life from the perspective of Islamic law. Data was collected through a literature study and in-depth interviews with several informants in various regions of Indonesia. The research concluded that women's competence is mentioned in the narration of the Qur’an with uslub and various language styles, showing that women have superiority and toughness according to their nature and identity. They act with the capital of intellectual, emotional, and spiritual intelligence as well as physical and psychological strength. Furthermore, women's involvement in the public sector provides clear evidence of women's abilities relevant to the verses of the Qur’an and refutes subordinate perspectives of them. Islamic law perspective recommends building a perfect mutualism symbiotic, respectful, civilized, and progressive.

Gender representation in the Central Surgical Association: A call to action

BackgroundOrganizations such as the Central Surgical Association are important for promulgating advances in general surgery, but diversity and inclusion profoundly affect what is presented and discussed. The objective of this study was to evaluate gender representation trends at the Central Surgical Association and its annual meetings over the past 13 years. MethodsPublicly available Central Surgical Association meeting proceedings from 2010 to 2022 were reviewed for society leaders, new members, invited speakers and moderators, and contributors to scientific sessions (first authors, senior authors). Gender identity was assessed through professional online platforms. The 2017 and 2021 meetings were conjoined with the Midwest Surgical Association. Incomplete data were obtained from 2013 and 2020–2022. ResultsA total of 2,158 individuals were reviewed, 554 (25.7%) of which were women. The overall trend of the absolute proportion of women participation increased by 1.8% per year (R2 = 0.7, P < .01). For leadership roles, 42/205 (20%) were women, with a 2.4% per year increase (R2 = 0.45, P = .02). For speaker roles, 82/384 (21.4%) were women, with a 2.2% increase per year (R2 = 0.6, P < .01). For scientific contributions, 253 first (35.9%) and 136 (19.3%) senior authors of 704 were women, with 1.5% (R2 = 0.4, P = .02) and 1.3% (R2 = 0.4, P = .03) increase per year, respectively. ConclusionThere has been a positive trend in women's involvement at Central Surgical Association meetings for leaders, speakers, and scientific authors. Diversity allows variate experiences to contribute to surgical advancements; thus, measures by the Central Surgical Association to ensure adequate representation should continue.

A Review on Addiction Types, Involvement of Women, and Role of Covid-19 Lockdown in Addiction Behavior

A Review on Addiction Types, Involvement of Women, and Role of Covid-19 Lockdown in Addiction Behavior

Fostering Inclusive Growth: Exploring Gender Dynamics and Loan Sizes in Microfinance Institutions

The financial landscape has witnessed a growing focus on the role of women in driving economic development and achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs). The global pursuit of the SDGs, notably in gender equality and women's empowerment, has highlighted the importance of women's economic involvement. Recognizing the critical role that microfinance institutions (MFIs) play in encouraging inclusive economic growth and poverty alleviation, this study investigated how strategic gender dynamics within MFIs affect loan size. The study addresses a critical gap in understanding the gender dynamics within MFIs concerning women's presence at various echelon positions and their involvement, notably evaluating their impact on loan size. The study examines a meticulously curated dataset consisting of 1295 MFIs from 102 countries by analyzing selected gender dynamics such as women's echelon position, women's focus, gender diversity, target market and outreach. The study's findings, distilled into four configurational solutions, gave fascinating insights into the circumstances under which numerous factors interact to determine loan size in MFIs. Core conditions such as target market, women focus and female outreach were identified as critical drivers of loan size outcomes in various configurations. The implications of women's focus were particularly noteworthy, indicating that a concerted effort to prioritize women's engagement can significantly contribute to increased loan size in MFIs. The findings of this study serve as a foundation for establishing a more equitable and prosperous future through empowered women and effective microfinance practices on a global scale.

Education and women's empowerment: evidence from Uganda

Abstract The government of Uganda introduced an education reform that eliminated school fees for primary school-age children in 1997. This paper finds that an increase in education, generated by the reform, has a positive impact on women's empowerment. Specifically, an increase in schooling, due to the reform, improves women's involvement in decision making within the household by increasing their likelihood of having a final say on issues related to their own health, about large household expenses, and regarding visits to family or relatives. Education enhances women's cognitive ability but has no impact on women's labor market opportunities and attitudes toward gender-based violence.

The Position of Women in The Public Space: Quran and Cultural Perspective

This study discusses women in the public sphere based on the perspective of the Koran and culture. This study uses a literature study research method with a descriptive approach that originates from the literature. This research discusses the role and position of women in the public sphere from the Al-Quran perspective, there are more or less three choices or opinions that we can accept. First, the opinion which states that since its emergence in Mecca and Medina, Islam has never allowed women to be involved in the social or public sphere. Second, the opinion which states that Islam has introduced the concept of women's involvement in the social sphere from the beginning. Third, the opinion which states that there are certain positions that can be occupied by women and there are other parts that cannot be touched by women. In terms of culture. Various corners of the region have their own perceptions in understanding the existence of a woman and most of them have an unfair understanding of the existence of a woman. It can be concluded that the position of women in the public sphere according to the Qur'an and culture has various views, but both of them recognize the role of women both in several positions.&#x0D; Keyword: Women, Public Space, Quran, Culture

Affirmation of Traditional Rights and Indigenous Women's Knowledge on Post-Mining Livelihood in Dompak Island, Riau Islands

This research aims to understand the indigenous women's knowledge of post-mining livelihoods in Pulau Dompak and how that knowledge is neglected in decision-making by the government and mining companies. The research uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through interviews, observations, and document studies. The results show that indigenous women have extensive and profound knowledge about post-mining livelihoods based on their experiences and traditional knowledge. However, their knowledge is often disregarded in decision-making related to post-mining reclamation by the government and mining companies. Women's involvement in decision-making is also limited due to patriarchal social structures in indigenous communities. This research recommends the need for recognition and protection of the traditional rights of indigenous women in decision-making related to post-mining reclamation, as well as efforts to reduce gender disparities in decision-making involvement.

Examining Political Representation of Women in Pakistan through Liberal Feminist Perspective: A Case Study of 2024 General Elections

Despite comprising half of Pakistan's population, women face significant hurdles in political engagement due to entrenched gender inequality and patriarchal structures. Despite measures like quotas, genuine participation remains limited. Liberal feminist theory advocates for addressing the root causes of gender disparity, advocating for gender-inclusive politics by removing institutional barriers. This paper examines structural impediments to women's political involvement in Pakistan, using a liberal feminist lens. It illuminates systemic challenges hindering gender parity in politics, evident in the 2024 general election despite reserved seats in parliament. Cultural norms, social constraints, and violence perpetuate gender inequalities, impeding women's active participation in political processes. This analysis underscores the persistent gender gap in political representation, urging comprehensive reforms to dismantle barriers obstructing women's full engagement in politics.

Contribution of Land Tenure Changes in Empowering Maasai Women Pastoralists in Resources Management: A Case Study of Elangatwuas Ward, Kajiado County, Kenya

This research explores the contribution of land tenure changes in empowering Maasai women pastoralists in resource management. The study focuses on understanding the benefits and challenges of land subdivision for Maasai women, examining changes in decision-making processes at the household and community levels, exploring shifts in gender roles and resource access, and assessing the overall empowerment of Maasai women through land tenure changes. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining qualitative data collection methods such as interviews and focus group discussions with quantitative surveys. The study findings reveal significant positive impacts of the land subdivision on Maasai women's empowerment. The benefits identified include reduced cases of husbands being polygamous, increased chances of women's involvement in business and employment, equal chances for male and female children to inherit and own family land, increased ability to undertake projects on the land, and the freedom for women to own their own livestock. These changes have provided women with increased decision-making power within households and communities, allowing them to participate in determining land use, livestock management, education for children, and building family houses. Despite the progress, challenges remain, including conflicts over land inheritance, limited knowledge of legal rights among illiterate girls, and smaller grazing areas for livestock. However, the research concludes that overall, land tenure changes have empowered Maasai women by enabling them to engage in business, acquire education, own livestock, and own land. The results highlight the importance of recognizing and strengthening women's rights in land and resource management to achieve gender equity and sustainable development in pastoralist communities. This research contributes to the understanding of the transformative potential of land tenure changes in empowering Maasai women pastoralists and informs strategies for promoting gender equity and sustainable resource management in similar contexts.

Государственное регулирование занятости женщин и профессиональная сегрегация в российской сфере труда – 100 лет истории

This article investigates the dynamics of gender occupational segregation, a crucial parameter that reflects the position of men and women in the workforce and significantly influences gender disparities in pay and working conditions. Over the course of our country's history, efforts have been made to reduce such segregation, highlighting the importance of collecting information to assess the effectiveness of these initiatives. The study provides a comprehensive analysis of political documents and legislative acts from both the Soviet and post-Soviet eras, aimed at promoting equal rights and, in the past three decades, equal opportunities for women and men in the labor market, which have a significant impact on gender segregation in employment. It explores the transformation of perceptions regarding the strategies, methods, and conditions necessary to achieve gender equality. In the early Soviet period, the focus was on the ideological dogmatization of maximizing women's involvement in a wide range of professions and industries. This was accompanied by labor legislation restrictions on female employment in hazardous and demanding conditions (to safeguard health) and measures to protect women during childbirth and child-rearing. During the developed socialist period, an entire system of benefits and preferences was developed to create the most favorable conditions for working women to balance their professional and family responsibilities. This included expanding the list of prohibited professions and occupations for women. In the post-Soviet era, efforts shifted toward prohibiting gender discrimination in the workplace. Labor legislation was transformed to ensure that rights, benefits, and preferences related to child-rearing and care were assigned to both mothers and fathers with family responsibilities. Rights, benefits, and preferences related to childbirth and breastfeeding assigned solely to mothers. Restrictions on female employment in hazardous and strenuous conditions have been reduced, and in some cases, these restrictions have been seen as discriminatory. Additionally, the article analyzes the dynamics of gender differences in the occupational structure of employment for women and men, drawing on historical and contemporary statistics. It reveals that despite changes in the regulation of women's work, their distribution across sectors has consistently differed significantly from that of men. However, a period from the late 1920s to the post-war years stands out as a period of substantial reduction in gender occupational segregation. Subsequently, there was a gradual increase in the level of segregation, which continued with minor fluctuations in subsequent years. The empirical basis for this study relies on data from the Central Statistical Office of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) and Rosstat. The statistical analysis of gender segregation dynamics in this study employed the Duncan index, which quantitatively assesses and compares differences between the distributions of women and men across sectors and types of economic activity.

Women's participation in childbearing decision-making and its effects on short-interval births in Rohingya refugee camps of Bangladesh.

Women's involvement in family planning decision-making is significantly low among refugee women, potentially leading to an increased unintended and short interval pregnancies. This study aims to investigate the relationship between women's decision-making in childbearing and short-interval births among Rohingya refugee women in Bangladesh. Data from 719 women residing in three Rohingya refugee camps in Ukhiya, Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh, were analyzed. The outcome variable was birth spacing, categorized as short (<33 months between the two most recent births) or normal (≥33 months between the two most recent births). The primary explanatory variable was women's involvement in fertility decision-making with their partner, classified as never, sometimes, and always. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the association between the outcome and explanatory variable while adjusting for potential covariates. 58% of births occurred within a short interval, while almost 48% of women reported no participation in fertility decision-making with their partner. Short interval birth was found to be increasing with decreasing women's participation in fertility decision-making with their partner. Women who sometimes or never made fertility decisions with their partner had 1.20 times (95% CI, 1.01-1.88) and 1.69 times (95% CI, 1.06-2.29) higher likelihood of short interval births, respectively, compared to women who always decided with their partner. Low women's participation in fertility decision-making with their partner among Rohingya refugees increases short interval births and adverse maternal and child health outcomes, including mortality. This highlights the need for counselling programs to educate and empower women, promoting joint fertility decision-making by couples. This research did not receive any specific funds.

MSME: ISSUES AND CHALLENGES OF EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN IN INDIA

: The present study investigates the correlation between women's empowerment and Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) within the Indian environment. It seeks to clarify the ways in which women's economic and social empowerment can be accelerated through the MSME sector. The study looks at the different obstacles that Indian women entrepreneurs must overcome and how MSMEs may help them do so. It also looks into how MSMEs affect women's employment, earning potential, and general socioeconomic advancement. The study also examines government programmes and policies that support women's involvement in the MSME industry. It also emphasises how crucial access to funding, skill development, and education are for female entrepreneurs. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study combines qualitative interviews with female entrepreneurs with quantitative data analysis. The results indicate that MSMEs can play a major role in empowering women by giving them access to chances for financial independence, skill development, and decisionmaking authority. In order to further strengthen the beneficial effects of MSMEs on women's empowerment in India, the study ends with recommendations for policymakers, MSME stakeholders, and female entrepreneurs.

THE POSITION OF WOMEN IN THE POLITICAL FIELD: IN THE ISLAMIC VIEW OF THE TIME OF THE PROPHET MUHAMMAD SAW

This study aims to: (1) explain the position of women in politics in the Islamic view of the time of the Prophet Muhammad, (2) analyze the equality between women and men, (3) analyze the rights of women's involvement in politics from an Islamic perspective. The author uses historical research methods consisting of stages of source collection, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The results showed that (1) the existence of women began to receive special attention when the Prophet Muhammad SAW was sent and proved by the presence of Islam, (2) women at the time of the Prophet Muhammad SAW had brought female figures to be role models of all time such as Khadijah, Aisyah, Hafsah, Al-Hawla al Attharah and Zainab bin Jahsy and others who participate in the economic, education, business and health sectors, (3) Islam is the foremost religion in efforts to free the shackles of the tyranny of slavery, equality of rights and has never given any prestige to one another. gender only. Islam was born as a religion that spreads love and affection for everyone.

Factors Associated with Intimate Partner Violence among Married Women.

Intimate partner violence refers to any behavior within an intimate relationship that causes physical, psychological or sexual harm to those in the relationship. Various factors such as alcohol or substance abuse, history of violence in family, extra marital affair, educational status, socio-economic status, decision making power, and established gender role are linked with Intimate partner violence. This study aims to identify the prevalence of different forms of intimate partner violence and its associated factors among married women in Shankharapur municipality of Kathmandu District. A concurrent triangulation design was used. Quantitative data were collected from 602 married females while qualitative data was collected from 11 participants. Multivariate logistic regression was done using Stata MP13 version. Thematic analysis was done for qualitative data. Triangulation of both quantitative and qualitative findings waere done. The prevalence of Intimate partner violence was found to be 22.1%. After logistic regression, it was found that women's involvement in community groups had lower odds (AOR 0.67, 95%CI 0.6-0.7) of IPV as compared to those who were not involved in community groups. Additionally, findings from the qualitative study showed female being victims of different forms of violence. Still, Female are the sufferers of violence behind the closed doors and mitigation strategies should have to be adopted from different levels of government to control intimate partner violence.