Department Of Women Research Articles

ЗНАЧИМОСТЬ ЗДОРОВЬЯ ПОЛОСТИ РТА ВО ВРЕМЯ БЕРЕМЕННОСТИ

This article discusses the dynamic monitoring of oral health in pregnant women, emphasizing the increasing incidence of dental diseases during pregnancy. The study's objective was to identify changes in dental and periodontal conditions and assess the correlation between oral health, hemoglobin levels, and iron deficiency anemia. Conducted at based at the women's consultation department of Clinical Hospital No.5 in Volgograd, the research involved 200 pregnant women aged 18-40, who underwent initial and follow-up oral exams. Results showed a high caries prevalence, especially in the 18-20 age group, and a significant correlation between hemoglobin levels and caries progression in women with anemia. Acute caries progression was observed in a notable portion of the participants, with new carious lesions forming in previously intact teeth. Dynamic monitoring of oral health during pregnancy facilitates early detection and prevention of dental diseases, significantly improving maternal and infant health outcomes. The study highlights the importance of routine dental check-ups and preventive strategies, suggesting further research in this area. The findings could guide the development of clinical recommendations and increase awareness among healthcare professionals and pregnant women regarding the importance of oral care during pregnancy. This study also emphasizes the need for educational programs aimed at pregnant women, educating them about the impact of oral diseases on both maternal and fetal health. The results provide critical insights for formulating comprehensive preventive healthcare programs aimed at enhancing dental health and ensuring the well-being of mothers and their children during pregnancy and postpartum. A comprehensive approach that includes outreach to pregnant women helps develop sustainable oral health habits and increases their adherence to preventative measures. Overall, this research underscores the necessity for integrated healthcare approaches that consider both oral and general health, fostering better health outcomes for families and encouraging proactive involvement in preventive care.

Policy Analysis of Institutional Capacity Building at the Department of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection in Bintan Regency

This study aims to analyze the institutional capacity-building policy at the Department of Women’s Empowerment, Child Protection, Population Control, and Family Planning (DP3KB) in Bintan Regency. The background of this research is the importance of institutional capacity building as an effort to strengthen public services and meet community needs in the fields of women’s empowerment and child protection. The research method used is qualitative descriptive with a case study approach. Data collection was conducted through interviews, observations, and document analysis, which were then analyzed using pattern matching techniques and explanation development based on Grindle's capacity development theory. The results of the study indicate that DP3KB faces challenges such as limited human resources, inadequate budget allocation, and suboptimal organizational structures. Nevertheless, efforts to strengthen institutional capacity include staff training, strengthening internal mechanisms, and synergy with other institutions. In conclusion, institutional capacity-building policies encompassing dimensions of human resource development, organizational strengthening, and comprehensive institutional reform are required to improve the effectiveness of DP3KB services in Bintan Regency. Additionally, periodic evaluations of implemented programs are essential to ensure the sustainability and positive impacts of these policies. Effective policy implementation through strategic planning, monitoring, and cross-sector collaboration is expected to realize the organization’s vision and mission in supporting fair and inclusive regional development.

Identifying Javanese cultural norms and addressing politeness maxims in mitigating verbal sexual violence

In 2023, Yogyakarta Province has documented 308 instances of sexual violence, including cases of verbal abuse. This fact is surprising given Yogyakarta's unique position as a cultural showcase in Indonesia, which is particularly evident in its depictions of politeness and identity. In contrast, Yogyakarta's Javanese propriety culture, known as unggah-ungguh, functions as a vital protective mechanism for its community by integrating local cultural components. This distinctive cultural politeness parallels Leech's Six Maxims of Politeness: Tact Maxim, Generosity Maxim, Approbation Maxim, Modesty Maxim, Agreement Maxim, and Sympathy Maxim. This research examines the correlation between these maxims and Javanese parenting practices as delineated in publications by the Department of Women's Empowerment, Child Protection, and Population Control of Yogyakarta, aimed at educators and parents in Yogyakarta, emphasizing the significance of courteous communication and virtuous conduct grounded in Javanese tradition. Strengthening the initiative from school to university levels, together with adequate support from family and community, may lead to a reduction in verbal sexual assault.

Do vaginal swabs alter empirical clinical management in obstetrics and gynaecology: A retrospective case-series and activity-based costing of the vaginal swab.

Vaginal swab microbiological testing is commonly performed as routine clinical management for various obstetric and gynaecological presentations. The clinical utility and cost-effectiveness of vaginal swab microscopy, culture and susceptibilities (MCS) in altering empirical management is ill-defined. To describe the clinical use of vaginal swabs in a tertiary women's hospital emergency department (ED), measure the impact of vaginal swabs on altering empirical clinical management, and to determine the economic cost of vaginal swab MCS. Retrospective case-series of vaginal swabs collected at a single, tertiary women's ED between January 2021 and July 2021. Symptomatology, clinical diagnosis, test results, and pre-swab and post-swab clinical management were determined upon medical record review. Economic costs of vaginal swab MCS were retrospectively determined via internal accounting records, permitting unit-level activity-based costing. A total of 660 vaginal swabs from 584 clinical episodes were included. Vulvovaginitis was the most common indication for swab collection (34.5%, 167 samples). Altered empirical management was observed in 9.8% of all swabs (95% CI 7.4-12.2%), with marked variability between clinical indications. Antimicrobial initiation was the most common alteration in management (8.9%, 95% CI 8.7-9.1%). The estimated cost of vaginal swab MCS was $29.71 AUD; labour, consumables and disposal costs accounted for 69.3, 29.8 and 0.9%, respectively. The impact of vaginal swab MCS on empirical clinical management is context-specific and variable. The majority of swabs performed do not impact upon empirical management. Antimicrobial initiation is appreciably more common than antimicrobial cessation with vaginal swab results.

Prognostic Impact of Surgical Margin Status on Overall Survival of Patients with Early Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Analysis from the Department for Women's Medicine at Charité - University Hospital Berlin.

The impact of surgical margins on the prognosis of early breast cancer remains uncertain, particularly in the context of modern treatment approaches. This study aimed to investigate whether involved margins after surgery for early breast cancer affect overall survival. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 3767 patients who underwent surgery for primary breast cancer or carcinoma in situ between 2006 and 2022 at Charité - University Hospital Berlin. Survival analysis based on margin status and a subsequent multivariate Cox regression analysis were conducted. With a median follow-up of 72.2 months, clear margins were achieved in 81.4% of patients (n=3068) after primary surgery, while 16.2% (n=610) required re-excision. Only 2.4% of patients (n=89) had definitively involved margins. Margin involvement was more common in hormone receptor-positive disease, lobular subtype, carcinoma in situ, or locally advanced tumors, but less frequent in patients with previous neoadjuvant chemotherapy or triple-negative breast cancer. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed a significant separation with worse outcomes for patients with definitive R1 resections. However, the multivariate Cox regression analysis detected no statistically significant difference in overall survival based on margin status. Breast conserving surgery (HR 0.66; 95% CI 0.54-0.81) and HER2 overexpression (HR 0.65; 95% CI 0.48-0.89) were associated with improved survival. Patients who underwent breast-conserving surgery in our study demonstrated favorable outcomes compared to patients after mastectomy. Although margin status did not significantly affect overall survival, larger multicenter studies are needed to evaluate the prognostic implications of margin involvement in breast cancer treatment in different tumor stages, tumor subtypes and local and systemic treatments.

Ultrasound study of natural progression of ovarian endometrioma.

To determine the natural progression of ovarian endometrioma in women who are managed expectantly. This was a retrospective cohort study of 83 women with evidence of ovarian endometrioma who were managed expectantly between April 2007 and May 2022. The study was conducted in the Department of Women's Health, University College London Hospitals and The Gynecology Ultrasound Centre, London, UK. We searched our ultrasound clinic databases to identify women aged 18 years or older with evidence of ovarian endometrioma who were managed expectantly for ≥ 6 months. All women attended for a minimum of two ultrasound scans performed by a single expert ultrasound operator. In addition to patient demographics, we recorded the number, mean diameter and location of each cyst. The cyst growth rate was expressed as annual change in the mean diameter. A total of 1922 women who attended our gynecology clinic during the study period were found to have evidence of moderate or severe endometriosis on pelvic ultrasound examination. Of those, 83 women had evidence of ovarian endometrioma and were managed expectantly. The median age of women was 39 (range, 26-51) years at the initial visit. Each woman had at least two ultrasound scans performed by a single expert operator at a minimum interval of ≥ 6 months. Of 83 women diagnosed with endometrioma, 50 (60% (95% CI, 49-71%)) had a single cyst and the remainder had multiple cysts. The median number of endometriomas per patient was 1 (range, 1-5) and the median follow-up time was 634 (range, 187-2984) days. A total of 39/83 (47% (95% CI, 36-58%)) women experienced an overall reduction in size of cysts, in 18/83 (22% (95% CI, 13-32%)) the cysts increased in size and in 26/83 (31% (95% CI, 22-42%)) women, no meaningful change in size was observed. The median change in mean cyst diameter per woman during the study period was -2.7 (range, -57.7 to 39.3) mm, with a median annual regression rate of -1.7 (range, -24.6 to 42.0) mm/year/woman. Overall, when compared with the initial visit, cysts were significantly smaller at follow-up (median diameter, 22.3 (range, 6.7-77.0) mm vs 18.5 (range, 5.0-72.0) mm; P = 0.009). We did not identify any clinical characteristics that could reliably predict the chance of endometrioma progression. In the majority of women with an ultrasound diagnosis of ovarian endometrioma, the cysts do not increase in size significantly over time and they could be managed expectantly. This evidence may help clinicians when counseling asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic women about management of ovarian endometrioma. © 2024 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.

The Influence Of Placement, Development Of Human Resources And Infrastructure On The Implementation Of Asn Department's Duties For Women's Empowerment, Child Protection, Population And Family Control District Planning Selayar Islands

The Influence of Placement, Development of Human Resources and Infrastructure on the Implementation of ASN's Duties and Duties of the Women's Empowerment, Child Protection, Population Control and Family Planning Services of Selayar Islands Regency, guided by Mr. Muhammad Rusydi as supervisor I and Mr. Edi Jusriadi as supervisor II. This research aims to analyze and understand the influence of placement on the implementation of ASN's main duties and functions, development of human resources on the implementation of ASN's main duties and functions, and infrastructure on the implementation of ASN's main duties and functions at the Department of Women's Empowerment, Child Protection, Population Control and Family Planning, Selayar Islands Regency. This type of research is quantitative with a sample of 55 respondents using a questionnaire as a source of data collection. The analysis used is Multiple Linear Regression Analysis using the SPSS V.29 application. The research results show that: (1). Placement has a positive and significant effect on the implementation of ASN's main duties and functions, (2). Human resource development has a positive and significant effect on the implementation of ASN's main duties and functions, and (3). Infrastructure has a positive but not significant effect on the implementation of ASN's main duties and functions at the Women's Empowerment, Child Protection, Population Control and Family Planning Services in Selayar Islands Regency.

Abstract PO5-16-11: Novel antibody-drug-conjugates in clinical routine: adherence, efficacy and tolerability - real-world data from German breast centers

Abstract The third-generation antibody-drug conjugates, Trastuzumab-Deruxtecan (T-DXd) and Sacituzumab Govitecan (SG), have been approved for the treatment of metastatic breast carcinoma in various subtypes and therapeutic settings based on compelling Phase III study data. (DESTINY-Breast03 (T-DXd; HER2-positive), DESTINY-Breast04 (T-DXd; HER2-low), ASCENT (SG; triple-negative), and TROPiCS-02 (SG; HR+/HER2-negative). The aim of this retrospective study conducted at two major German Breast centers was to evaluate the tolerability, adherence, and efficacy of both substances in the real-world setting. All patients treated outside of clinical trials with T-DXd or SG at the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ulm University Hospital and the Department of Women’s Health, Tuebingen University Hospital between November 2020 and May 2023 were included in this retrospective analysis. Seventy-five patients were included [T-DXd: 46; SG: 29]. The mean duration of therapy was 5.4 months [T-DXd: 6.2; SG: 4.2]. The real-world cohort was more heavily pretreated than the corresponding study cohorts, with a mean of 4.2 systemic therapies in the metastatic setting prior to T-DXd therapy and 3.6 systemic therapies prior to SG therapy. The administered cumulative dose on average was 87.9% [T-DXd: 94%; SG: 79%] of the theoretical full dose or 95.3% [T-DXd: 98%; SG: 92%] when considering dose reductions that occurred. Hematotoxicities of CTC ≥ 3° occurred in 11% of patients treated with T-DXd and in 41% of patients treated with SG. Neutropenia was the predominant severe hematotoxicity (CTC≥III°) observed during SG therapy, occurring in 38% of patients. The occurrence of neutropenia during SG therapy was reduced with primary prophylactic administration of Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor (GCSF), with a rate of 29% (21/29) of patients experiencing neutropenia ≥CTC-III°, compared to 63% (8/29) without primary prophylactic GCSF. Therapy-associated pneumonitis under T-DXd occurred in 5 out of the 46 included patients and was successfully treated with corticosteroids in all cases (CTC II° in 4 cases, CTC III° in 1 case). The median progression-free survival (PFS) from initial administration was 7.7 months under T-DXd [HER2-positive: 9.0; HER2-low: 6.1], and 4.8 months under SG [TNBC 4.8; HR+/HER2-negative: 2.8]. The median overall survival from initial administration was 27.1 months under T-DXd [HER2-positive: 27.1; HER2-low: not reached], and 11.9 months under SG therapy [TNBC: 11.0, HR+/HER2-negative: not reached]. This analysis provides evidence of the efficacy and tolerability of T-DXd and SG in a heterogeneous and heavily pretreated cohort in a real-world setting. However, a conclusive assessment of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) is not feasible yet, as a substantial number of patients are still under treatment. Updated PFS and OS data, with a specific focus on the therapy indication, will be presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Henning Schäffler, Dominik Dannehl, Kristina Veselinovic, Franziska Mergel, Kerstin Pfister, Brigitte Rack, Visnja Fink, Elena Leinert, Lea Volmer, Tobias Engler, Sara Brucker, Wolfgang Janni, Andreas Hartkopf. Novel antibody-drug-conjugates in clinical routine: adherence, efficacy and tolerability - real-world data from German breast centers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO5-16-11.

(Re)purposing, not "Rightsizing": Responding to Recent Attacks on Gender, Women's, and Sexuality Studies in the U.S. Academy

Abstract: No one wants to be "rightsized," particularly not feminists, and especially not feminists in gender, women's, and sexuality studies programs and departments (GWSS). Yet that's one of the multiple threats we are now facing, and it is both internal and external. These attacks on GWSS and our cousins are not new, but both the university administrators and the politicos are taking advantage of the current pandemonium to ramp up their ferocity. As a GWSS director of one of the many programs under threat, what I offer is not a right-eous-resistance-to-right-sizing manifesto but a tentative gesture at possible GWSS (re)purposings. I put these rightsizing threats in context of pandemic-inspired calls for radical transformation rather than returns to normalcy. This is not a nostalgic plea for saving something familiar (perhaps a proper object called GWSS, perhaps ourselves as "what a feminist looks like"), nor the staging of a rescue mission into enemy territory (as if we weren't also complicit and always already on stolen land in the imperial university). Instead, I stretch toward an irreverent killjoy stance while exploring queer and trans joy and futurity, kin-making/revealing, and (re)purposing/redistribution as frameworks that open possibilities for other futures.

PENERAPAN E-GOVERNMENT SISTEM INFORMASI PELAYANAN PERLINDUNGAN PEREMPUAN DAN ANAK DI KELURAHAN PUTAT JAYA

The aim of this research is to determine the implementation of the Women and Child Protection Services Information System (SIAP-PPAK) in Putat Jaya Village. Women and Child Protection Services Information System is a website-based application designed as a one click for all solution to integrated women's, children's and family problems. The idea for this e-Government innovation came from the Department of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection and Population Control and Family Planning (DP3APPKB) of Surabaya City. This study used descriptive qualitative method. The data collection technique is carried out through data triangulation which combines interviews, observation, literature study and documentation. The research results show that the implementation of SIAP-PPAK in Putat Jaya Subdistrict has been carried out well by fulfilling the six (6) indicators of the Van Meter and Van Horn theoretical models. Although, there are still several obstacles, these can be overcome so that women and child protection services using SIAP-PPAK can be provided with quality.

Peasant woman and Soviet power in the Yenisei Province during the New economic policy

The authors analyze the work of the Soviet government with peasant women in the Yenisei province during the New economic policy. The collection, systematization, summarization of data and construction of the narrative were carried out on the basis of the problem-chronological method. The historical-genetic method is used to analyze the activities of women's departments from 1920 to 1929, the emphasis is placed on the first, most difficult stage of their creation and the beginning of work (until the mid-1920s), when the Soviet government brought the country out of acute political and economic crisis after the Civil War, intervention and war communism. The historical-systemic method made it possible to consider the work of womens' departments to involve women in social production and political life in the context of the changes taking place in the country and the socio-economic conditions of the Yenisei province. Based on the comparative historical method, the tasks and their practical implementation in the field of womens' issues are compared. It is shown that in the conditions of economic devastation after the First World War and the Civil War, famine, and mass epidemics, the harsh tax policy of the Soviet government among the East Siberian peasantry caused an increase in anti-Bolshevik sentiment. Experience of women's departments working with peasant women in the 1920s showed that without solving urgent economic and social problems of society (mass illiteracy, lack of modern industrial sectors, technical backwardness in agriculture, manual labor, low standard of living, etc.), the transformation of womens' position and their involvement in socio-political life were impossible. It became obvious that this kind of large-scale task could only be solved gradually with an increase in the educational level of the population, the qualifications and professional level of women, and the solution of many everyday issues. All these tasks were related to the need to modernize the state's economy.

Assessing Progress in Nutrition: Proposing a Sub-district Tool for Monitoring and Governance

A lot of data is collected at state, district, block, and village levels across India as part of the monitoring and evaluation process for various government schemes ongoing in the country. Under the department of Women and Child Development in Karnataka a lot of data on children under 6 years of age and pregnant and lactating women is collected by Aanganwadi workers in the state. Although the current process of data collection, its analysis and interpretation require much more fiscal and human investment, it continues to generate large amounts of data. Interpretation of these data occur largely at the national and sub-national levels ignoring district and sub-district level variations in health and nutrition indices. Rarely are the results of this data analysis shared with district and sub-district level officials as they are not involved in policy formation. These officials also do not have training in data analysis and its interpretation and hence unable to use the vast sets of information available to them. This article is an effort to develop a monitoring and evaluation tool that uses easily available, taluk level data, from various sources to compute a cumulative nutrition index that can serve as a dipstick for monitoring nutrition status by block/district level officials.

Efforts of Government Institutions to Support Exclusive Breastfeeding Among Civil Servants

Exclusive breastfeeding rate in Palu City has decreased in the last three years from 59.9% (2018) to 57.8% (2019) and 52.42% (2020). Work caused failure to provide exclusive breastfeeding among women. This study aims to explore the efforts of government institutions to support exclusive breastfeeding among civil servants in Palu City, Central Sulawesi. This study applied a qualitative approach, constructivism paradigm, and phenomenological strategy. The study subjects were selected according to the study objectives, which involved the main informants namely the heads of health department; women's empowerment and child protection department, education department, employment department, social affairs department and head of the Religious Office. In addition, there were key informants, namely civil servants with babies aged <12 months who had breastfed or were currently breastfeeding. The number of study subjects was considered sufficient when the coding results and data categories obtained were saturated. Triangulation was carried out towards the Mayor of Palu. Data were collected through in-depth interviews based on interview guides. All interviews were recorded using an audio recorder. The main instrument in this study was the researchers. Ethical Clearance letter Number: 0042/KEPK-KPK/V/2022 dated June 7, 2022 was issued by the Ethics Commission of Palu Health Polytechnic. The results revealed that breastfeeding rooms in the workplace were not yet available for breastfeeding women; there was no reduction in working hours for breastfeeding women, the workload for breastfeeding women was the same, and there was no specific support or motivation from the leaders, and no one had ever provided rewards. Furthermore, the triangulation towards the Mayor of Palu revealed that he promised to make a Regional Regulation (PERDA) that women who exclusively breastfeed will be given leave for 6 months. It can be concluded that the government institutions had not provided support for civil servants to perform exclusive breastfeeding. To achieve the target of exclusive breastfeeding, the government must support exclusive breastfeeding.

Pioneer and Reporter (2P) Training for the East Bintan District Children's Forum in Implementing Law Number 35 of 2014 Article 4

This research aims to determine the aims and objectives of training for pioneers and reporters to the Children's Forum in the Implementation of Law Number 35 of 2014 Article 4 carried out by the Department of Women's Empowerment, Child Protection, Population Control and Family Planning, Bintan Regency. The method used in this research is qualitative with a descriptive presentation. The data sources used in this research are primary and secondary. Primary data sources were obtained from observations, documentation, and interviews conducted during training activities. This training was attended by Children's Forums from 4 sub-districts with 10 children each, and in this training, children were taught to have the courage to speak to the public, convey children's rights, explain cases of early marriage and bullying in their respective sub-districts and finally create a social mapping of their sub-district area.

Strategies to Reduce the Level of Violence Against Women and Children in Surabaya City

This study aims to evaluate the efforts made by the Department of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection (DWECP) in Surabaya City to reduce Violence against women and children. Members prioritize the selection of strategies and activities. When organizational members make decisions, they consider all aspects of the organization or its people. In this study, researchers used a qualitative approach, which was rewritten to become a scientific description. The methods used to find out the results include enabling, strengthening, protecting, enabling, and nurturing. The results show that several activities or efforts are made to reduce the level of Violence, such as counseling the community, providing healing strategies to individuals or families, and helping to resolve cases of Violence against women and children that have occurred and reported to the authorities. The results of these activities are significant and may impact reducing Violence against women and children. Can optimize all aspects and resources based on the selected activities and efforts.

Tissue-preserving treatment with non-invasive physical plasma of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia-a prospective controlled clinical trial.

ObjectiveCervical cancer represents the fourth leading cause of cancer among women and is associated with over 311,000 annual deaths worldwide. Timely diagnosis is crucial given the lengthy pre-cancerous phase, which is typified by cervical intraepithelial neoplastic lesions. However, current treatment methods are often tissue-destructive and can be accompanied by severe side effects. To address these concerns, our study introduces a novel, gentle approach for the tissue-preserving treatment of CIN lesions.ResultsWe present findings of a controlled, prospective, single-armed phase IIb clinical trial performed at the Department for Women’s Health, Tübingen, Germany. From September 2017 to March 2022 we assessed 570 participants for study eligibility. Of the screened patients, 63 participants met with CIN1/2 lesions met the inclusion criteria and were treated with non-invasive physical plasma (NIPP). Assessment of treatment efficacy was based on a comprehensive analysis of histological and cytological findings, along with high-risk HPV infection load at 3 and 6 months post-treatment. Comparative analyses were performed retrospectively with data obtained from 287 untreated patients in the control group. Our findings indicate that patients treated with NIPP experienced an 86.2% rate of full remission, along with a 3.4% rate of partial remission of CIN lesions, which compares favorably to the control group’s rates of 40.4% and 4.5%, respectively. Additionally, we observed a twofold reduction in high-risk HPV infections following NIPP treatment. Minor side effects were observed, such as mild pain during treatment and short-term smear bleeding or increased vaginal discharge within 24 h after treatment. Given the experimental nature of NIPP treatment and the availability of established standard treatments, our study was designed as a non-randomized study.ConclusionNIPP treatment offers a highly flexible and easy-to-apply method for treating pre-cancerous CIN1/2 lesions. This non-invasive approach is notable for its tissue-preserving nature, making it a promising alternative to current excisional and ablative treatments. CIN1/2 lesions were employed as preliminary in vivo models for the targeted treatment of CIN3 lesions.Clinical trial registrationhttps://www.clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT03218436.

Association between 21-gene-assay and detection of disseminated tumor cells in patients with early breast cancer: results from the IRMA trial

PurposeDisseminated tumor cells (DTCs) in the bone marrow (BM) are known to be of prognostic value for patients with early breast cancer (EBC). In addition to histopathological features, multigene expression assays, such as the commercially available 21-gene Breast Recurrence Score® assay, have been validated for evaluating prognosis and making decisions concerning adjuvant treatment in EBC. In a previous retrospective study from our group, the 21-gene assay was shown to be associated with DTC-detection. A secondary endpoint of the prospective IRMA trial was to evaluate the association between Recurrence Score® (RS) result and tumor cell dissemination in patients with EBC.MethodsDTC-status and RS result were assessed in patients with ER-positive/HER2-negative EBC with 0–3 pathologic lymph nodes who underwent primary surgical treatment at the Department for Women’s Health of Tuebingen University, Germany.ResultsPatients with a high RS result (≥ 26) were more frequently DTC-positive (22.6%) than patients with a low RS result (8.6%, p = 0.034). The odds for DTC-positivity increased with rising RS values (p = 0.047).ConclusionWe therefore confirm that a high genomic risk is associated with tumor cell dissemination into the BM. Further trials are needed to investigate whether therapeutic decisions could be further individualized by combining DTC-status and prognostic gene signature testing.

Which Patients Do We Need to Test for BRCA1/2 Mutation? Feasibility of Adjuvant Olaparib Treatment in Early Breast Cancer-Real-World Data from Two Large German Breast Centers.

Approximately 6% of women with breast cancer carry pathogenic germline variants in predisposition genes such as BRCA1 and BRCA2. Depending on personal and family cancer history, it is therefore recommended to test for hereditary breast cancer. Moreover, as shown by the phase III OlympiA trial, olaparib significantly improves overall survival in patients with HER2 negative (HER2-) early breast cancer who (1) carry a BRCA1 or BRCA2 germline mutation (gBRCA1/2-positive), (2) have received (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy and (3) are at high clinical risk. The objective of the current analysis was to determine the number of patients with early HER2- breast cancer who are at high clinical risk, according to the inclusion criteria of OlympiA, and to estimate how many of these patients would meet the criteria for hereditary cancer testing in a real-world analysis. All patients included in this retrospective analysis were treated for early breast cancer (eBC) at the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ulm University Hospital, Germany, and the Department of Women's Health at Tuebingen University Hospital, Germany, between January 2018 and December 2020. Patients were identified as high risk, in line with the clinicopathological determiners used in the OlympiA trial. The criteria of the German Consortium for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer were used to identify patients who qualify for hereditary cancer testing. Of 2384 eligible patients, 1738 patients (72.9%) showed a hormone receptor positive (HR+)/HER2- tumor biology, 345 patients (14.5%) displayed HER2+ breast cancer and 301 patients (12.6%) suffered from HR-/HER2- breast cancer (TNBC). Of 2039 HER2- breast cancer patients, 271 patients (13.3%) were at high clinical risk. This cohort encompassed 130 of the 1738 patients with HR+/HER2- breast cancer (7.5%) and 141 of 301 patients with TNBC (46.8%). A total of 121 of 271 patients (44.6%) with high clinical risk met the criteria for hereditary cancer testing (34 of 130 (26.2%) HR+/HER2- patients and 87 of 141 (61.7%) patients with TNBC). Approximately one in ten patients with HR+/HER2-, and half of the patients with TNBC, meet the high-risk criteria according to OlympiA. Half of these patients do not meet the criteria for hereditary cancer testing and should therefore be tested for the presence of gBRCA1/2 mutations, irrespective of their own or family cancer history. The overall number of patients with early breast cancer benefiting from olaparib needs to be investigated in future studies.

Implementation of Child Protection and Development Policies in the Makassar City

This research aims to determine how the government implements policies for protecting and developing children in Makassar City. The research method used is qualitative to examine the relationship between variables. Data collection techniques include interviews and documentation. The data analysis technique follows the steps outlined in the theories of Miles, Huberman, and Saldana, which involve data condensation, data presentation, and drawing conclusions or verification. The research findings based on interviews and observations indicate that the implementation is not efficient and effective in terms of human resources. According to Edwards III's theory, efficient and effective implementation requires sufficient resources. Therefore, Makassar Mayor Regulation Number 45 of 2020, which aims to provide support for street children, has not been fully optimized because the Department of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection still needs more optimized resources, especially in terms of budget allocation. However, when considering the indicators of communication, disposition, and bureaucratic structure, the implementation is deemed fairly effective, as all four dimensions are functioning as intended.

Implementasi Program Pelatihan Menjahit Pakaian Wanita Bagi Peserta Didik Untuk Meningkatkan Kecakapan Hidup Di BPVP Kota Samarinda

Training is a part of education which contains a short duration learning process and is organized in a systematic and structured manner. This training aims to identify training on the implementation of sewing women's clothing for students to improve life skills at BPVP Samarinda City. Research subjects obtained from the results of data collection in the form of interviews, observation and documentation. The subjects of the interview data in the form of resource persons from this study consisted of the heads of the women's clothing sewing department programs, training instructors and training participants in women's clothing sewing. This study uses a descriptive research method with a qualitative approach. The data collection techniques in this study used interview, observation and documentation techniques. While the data analysis techniques in this study used data collection, data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results of this study include: The stages of training needs analysis using observation and field surveys according to what is needed as well as planning and preparing instructors as the basis for forming a training, so that training planning is a procedure to achieve a predetermined goal, and using the implementation training method is a process of implementing training, with the implementation of training methods can run optimally, and the next stage is training evaluation one of the tools used in assisting program planning and improving the training program, self-evaluation can be used as a level of effectiveness of a program. - Factors that influence the success of the training process selling women's clothing, namely the existence of instructors, training participants and facilities and infrastructure.