Women Attending Research Articles

Prevalence and Correlates of Trichomonas vaginalis Infection Using the OSOM Rapid Point-of-Care Test Among Women Attending New York City Sexual Health Clinics, May-July 2016.

Using electronic medical record data and OSOM Trichomonas Rapid Tests, Trichomonas vaginalis prevalence was 9.3% among women attending New York City sexual health clinics in 2016. Positivity was associated with black race (adjusted odds ratios 3.73; 95% confidence interval, 1.9-7.1) and vaginal pH of 4.5 or greater (adjusted odds ratios, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.2-3.3).

Motivos relacionados ao não comparecimento das mulheres à consulta puerperal

Objetivo: Compreender os motivos relacionados ao não comparecimento das mulheres à consulta puerperal. Método: Estudo exploratório-descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa. A coleta de dados ocorreu em novembro de 2017 em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde e uma Estratégia de Saúde da Família em um município na região central do Rio Grande do Sul, por meio um questionário sociodemográfico e entrevista semiestruturada gravada, tendo como sujeitos seis puérperas. Resultados: Os dados foram analisados por meio da Análise de Conteúdo. Constatou-se que a maioria das mulheres realizaram número satisfatório de consultas de pré- natal, conforme preconizado pelo Ministério da Saúde, contudo, identificou-se que as informações relacionadas à importância da realização da consulta puerperal não foi esclarecida pelos profissionais que prestaram cuidados durante o pré-natal. Conclusão: Os profissionais necessitam estar comprometidos com a realização de educação em saúde, desenvolvendo uma metodologia compreensível para as puérperas, aplicando os princípios preconizados nos protocolos do Ministério da Saúde, incluindo a consulta puerperal.

Prevalence of Syphilis among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care Clinic, Sede Muja District, South Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia.

Background Syphilis is a disease caused by bacteria called Treponema pallidum. Major rout of transmission of this bacterium was through sexual and contact with mucocutaneous lesion. Untreated syphilis during pregnancy can greatly affect pregnancy outcome, resulting in spontaneous abortion and stillbirth. Objective The objective of the study was to determine the seroprevalence of syphilis and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care unit at Sede Muja district, Northern Ethiopia. Methods and Materials Facility based cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2018 to January 2019 in two health centers from Sede Muja district, Northwest Ethiopia. The study included a total of 210 participants. The entire participants were recruited by systematic random sampling method after proportional allocation of the sample size in the two health centers. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected by semistructured questioner. Two milliliter of blood was collected to determine seroprevalence of syphilis using VDRL test method. The data was analyzed by using SPSS version 21. The association between independent and dependent variables was determined using chi-square. P-value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Result Seroprevalence of syphilis was found to be 1.9% (95 CI, 0.5-3.5%). Women with multiple sexual partners and late trimester of pregnancy during first ANC visit were found to be significantly associated with seropositive syphilis. Conclusion Syphilis remains a major problem in the study area. Seroprevalence of syphilis was significantly associated with women who have multiple sexual partners and late first ANC visit attendees in the study area. Therefore it is recommended to give health education about syphilis etiology and transmission as well as creating awareness about the importance of early ANC visit and follow-up regarding syphilis prevention.

The Turbulent World of Middle East Soccer

The Turbulent World of Middle East Soccer

A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge regarding Management of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus among Pregnant Women Attending Maternity Hospital SKIMS, Soura, Srinagar, Kashmir

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a form of diabetes occurring during pregnancy which can result in short- and long-term adverse outcomes for women and babies. GDM is carbohydrate intolerance resulting in hyperglycemia with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. Accurate diagnosis allows appropriate treatment. A pre-experimental one group pre-test post-test design with non-probability purposive sampling technique was used. The sample size for the study was 60 pregnant women. The findings of the study revealed that 96.7% had poor knowledge and few numbers of study subjects (3.3%) had average knowledge and no study subject had good knowledge regarding management of gestational diabetes mellitus in pretest. All the study subjects (100%) had good knowledge, and none of the study subjects had average or poor knowledge regarding management of gestational diabetes mellitus in posttest. The mean post-test knowledge level (98.842±4.1604) was higher than the mean pre-test knowledge level (26.783±7.0653). This indicates the effectiveness of the Structured Teaching Programme in increasing the level of knowledge of pregnant women regarding management of gestational diabetes mellitus at 0.05 level of significance. There was no statistically significant association between posttest knowledge level of study subjects with their selected demographic variables such as age, educational status, parity, type of family and monthly family income, at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study concluded that pregnant women were not possessing adequate knowledge regarding management of gestational Diabetes Mellitus. The Structured Teaching Programme was found effective in increasing the knowledge level of study subjects, hence there was dire need to educate them regarding management of Gestational diabetes Mellitus.

Anonymous Women? A Scoping Review of the Experiences of Women in Gamblers Anonymous (GA)

Women are participating in gambling at levels approaching those of men, and although levels of disordered gambling remain lower in women than in men, significant numbers are affected. Gamblers Anonymous (GA) is a mainstay of help to problem gamblers in many countries. A scoping review was conducted which specifically addressed the experiences of women who attend GA. Within the 25 identified relevant studies, only two reported empirical data on the specific numbers of women attending. A range of barriers still remain to the participation of women in these communities. These include ‘external’ barriers such as lack of referral and signposting, lack of accessible meetings, and costs of travel; ‘internal’ barriers such as shame, stigma, and fear of disclosure; and features of the GA meetings and discourse, such as a climate which is dismissive of women’s experiences.

Awareness, Acceptability and Barriers to the Utilization of Modern Methods of Family Planning Among Women Attending Antenatal Clinic in Bayero University, Kano

Awareness, Acceptability and Barriers to the Utilization of Modern Methods of Family Planning Among Women Attending Antenatal Clinic in Bayero University, Kano

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Malaria among HIV Infected Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinics at Sokoto, Nigeria

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Malaria among HIV Infected Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinics at Sokoto, Nigeria

Cardiac Health Awareness Among Women Presenting for Routine Health Checkup at Tertiary Care Center: Time Trends Over 15 Years

Abstract Background Women have been thought to be protected against the perils of cardiovascular disease (CVD) till late in their lives. But the literature suggests quite the opposite with CVD being a major cause of death even in young women. In contrast, the lack of awareness among women is disheartening and needs to be addressed radically. Methods The study was designed and conducted as retrospective cohort at a tertiary care center. Data was collected from patients presenting for routine cardiac health checkup over the past 15 years. The parameters observed included age at presenting, symptoms and/or signs, plus area of residence or domicile. Results A total of 32,831 patients presented for routine cardiac health checkup, of which 9,211 (28.1%) patients were women and 23,620 (71.9%) were men. On 5 yearly cumulative assessment, the mean attendance of women was 28.1 ± 2.5% as compared with 71.9 ± 2.6% men. Trend observed over the past 15 years revealed little change in the number of women versus men presenting for cardiac health checkup annually. Statistical significance was seen at p < 0.01. Among the women presenting for the checkup, it was observed that most women were in the postmenopausal age group (42.8%), followed by perimenopausal age group (34.6%), and least in premenopausal age group (22.5%) during the timeline of the study. A similar trend was observed in the male attendance; the input of males being higher at all instances. Noteworthy were trends of urban women (69.6%) presenting for health checkup more often as compared with 30.4% visiting from rural residence. Conclusions Coronary artery disease (CAD) is not uncommon in female gender. It is accompanied by varying symptom presentation with high mortality. It is seen that cardiac health awareness is significantly lacking among women as compared with men. There are almost static trends observed over the past 15 years, especially in premenopausal age group and rural domicile. Corrective actions inclining toward campaigns and communication to distribute information on cardiac disease prevention and treatment modalities among women are needed to curb CAD. This may promote early detection of CAD leading to early interventions to promote a healthy heart among women. Recommendations and necessary actions steps for a woman oriented cardiac program are the need of the hour.

The determinants of stadium attendance in elite women’s football: Evidence from the UEFA Women's Champions League

Women’s football struggles to build a solid platform in terms of fan interest. However, while an increase in gate receipts can help assist its long-term sustainability, there is limited evidence in the academic literature on the factors influencing spectator demand in women’s football. The authors investigate determinants of stadium attendance for UEFA Women's Champions League (UWCL) matches. Using regression models deployed on 554 UWCL games played between 2009/10 and 2017/18, the authors examine contextual and sport-related variables as the main predictors of stadium attendance. Findings show that there is no continuous growth of attendance over the period examined, and highlight that spectators’ interest is positively associated with five factors: stage of the competition, uncertainty of match outcome, competitive intensity, away club’s reputation and weather conditions. Football governing bodies should put in place initiatives to ensure match outcome uncertainty is maintained as this represents a key determinant to maximise stadium attendance. Based on the specific context of European women’s football, recommendations to foster its development are discussed. These include incentivising investment into the elite women’s game and designing sport policies to encourage participation at grassroots levels.

Ultrasonographic prevalence of polycystic ovarian morphology among women of reproductive age group

Background and objective: Polycystic ovarian cyst is the most common and complex reproductive endocrinopathy affecting females of childbearing age. This study aimed to investigate the sonographic prevalence of polycystic ovary morphology among women of reproductive age group, and correlate it with age, menstrual disturbances, fertility problems, obesity, and hormonal profile. Methods: This study was carried out in the Rizgary Teaching Hospital and private clinic in Erbil city, Kurdistan region of Iraqfrom 1st August 2016 to 1st June 2017. A total of 782 women were included in this study. Inclusion criteria were any woman attending to pelvic ultrasound for whatever the cause other than pregnancy. The prevalence of polycystic ovary morphology was determined depending on Rotterdam's criteria; correlation with clinical history and biochemical indices was done. Results: Of the total study sample of 782 women, 147 (18.8%)had polycystic ovarian cyst. The highest prevalence (32.7% and 43%) was among the age group 18-27 years and participants with high body mass index (31-≥40).There was a statistically significant correlation between menstrual cycle irregularities and serum prolactin andserum testosterone. The highest polycystic ovary prevalence was found among participants with a history of amenorrhea and oligomenorrhoea, 92.3% and 75.2%, respectively. Conclusion: We observed that polycystic ovary is an age-related disease and the prevalence of the disease decreases with age. The highest prevalence was seen among the age group of 18-27 years and least in the age group of 38-47 years. No patients with polycystic ovary were found above 48 years.

Cardiac rehabilitation goal attainment after myocardial infarction with versus without diabetes: A nationwide registry study

BackgroundPatients with first-time myocardial infarction (MI) and diabetes mellitus (DM) constitute a vulnerable subgroup of cardiovascular (CV) patients for which secondary prevention is particularly important. We investigated if patients with versus without DM differ in attaining four main lifestyle-related cardiac rehabilitation (CR) targets, one-year post-MI. MethodsThis national cohort study (2006–2015) identified individuals with and without DM at hospital admission in the Swedish cardiac registry, SWEDEHEART. CR goal attainment was assessed one year later. The study population included 47,907 unique patients with first-time MI <75 years at baseline (61.8 mean age, 26.7% women, 14.6% with DM). After imputation, propensity score matching was performed. Analyses were conducted with logistic regression. ResultsIn the matched population, having DM was associated (OR [95% CI]) with lower odds of attaining the one-year post-MI CR goal for both smoking cessation (0.90 [0.81, 0.99]) and attendance in exercise training (0.88 [0.83, 0.95]), yet with higher odds of the <1.8 mmol LDL-C target (1.28 [1.19, 1.36]), and similar odds for the <140 mm Hg systolic blood pressure target (0.97 [0.91, 1.04]). In addition, women with DM were particularly unlikely to attend exercise training. ConclusionsPatients with first-time MI and DM are less likely to attain two of four selected CR goals compared to those without DM. The particularly low exercise training attendance by women with DM is of concern. Possibilities for tailored interventions targeting behavioural change for this high-risk group, including focused efforts to increase exercise training attendance in women with DM, should be investigated.

Clinico-Demographic Profiles and Urinary Albumin in Prediction of Preeclampsia among Pregnant Women at a Tertiary Care Hospital

Background: The clinical profiles and urinary albumin are very important for the prediction of preeclampsia among the pregnant women.&#x0D; Objective: The purpose of the present study was to assess the clinical and demographic profiles as well as the urinary albumin for the prediction of preeclampsia among the pregnant women.&#x0D; Methodology: This cohort study was conducted in the OPD of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, Rajshahi, Bangladesh from January 2013 to December 2014 for a period of two (2) years. This study was carried on pregnant woman attending in outdoor department of Gynaecology, Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, Rajshahi, Bangladesh before 20th weeks of pregnancy who were healthy normotensive primigravidae with singleton pregnancy. The details demographic profiles, edema were collected from the study population. Urinary albumin was estimated before 20th weeks and after 28th weeks of pregnancy.&#x0D; Result: In the present study, 75 women were included; all were before 20th weeks of pregnancy without any complication or any risk factor for developing PE. Among the study group incidence of PE was 16%. The population are 24(32.0%) low, 31(41.3%) middle and 20(26.7%) high in socio economic conditions. Education level of study population was 45% completed primary education level, illiterate (27%) and secondary education (28%). Edema was absent in 1st visit, in 2nd visit 6(+), 6(++) present who developed PE, 18(+) present who did not develop PE. Edema was absent in 1st visit and (+) 6(50.0%) and (++) in 6(50.0%) present who developed PE in 2nd visit. Urine albumin in 1st visit nil in 6(50.0%), trace in 3(25.0%) and (+) in 3(25.0%) who developed PE.&#x0D; Conclusion: In conclusion housewife living in urban area in middle income socioeconomic condition are the most commonly presented with preeclampsia and urinary albumin is the most commonly detected in the pregnant women presented with preeclampsia&#x0D; Journal of Science Foundation 2018;16(2):54-59

Awareness and Beliefs on Preconception Health Care Among Women Attending Maternal &amp; Child Health Services at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital in Eldoret, Kenya

Preconception health care is the care given to women for optimal health before pregnancy in order to reduce risk factors and improve pregnancy outcomes. Since the introduction of preconception health care through safe motherhood initiative, little is known about its existence in health care settings in Kenya yet adverse birth outcomes that may be prevented through preconception health are still prevalent. This study aimed at assessing the level of awareness and beliefs on the concept of preconception health care among women attending Maternal Child Health & family planning services at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital (MTRH) Structured questionnaires and a Likert scale were used to collect the data from a sample of 384 women attending Maternal Child Health & family planning services at MTRH. The data was then analyzed quantitatively using the Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) program to obtain descriptive statistics and results tabulated using charts. The study established that majority of women (83%) are not aware of preconception health care services and therefore have not been seeking for the services. Most women agreed with the positive beliefs that a woman should be in good health before becoming pregnant (96.1%) The study recommends the need to create awareness so that women of reproductive age are able to know and seek for preconception health care services and Preconception health care clinics to be established within the maternal child health and family planning services to address risks that may impact negatively on pregnancy outcome. Keywords : Awareness, Beliefs, Maternal Child Health Services, Preconception Health care. DOI : 10.7176/JHMN/60-11 Publication date :March 31 st 2019

Prevalence of Hepatitis C Virus and HIV Infection Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care Clinic in Western Ethiopia.

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV infection remain a major public health challenge in Sub-Saharan Africa. The HCV and HIV infection among pregnant women have a serious outcome on maternal and newborn health. There is limited information in this regards in West part of Ethiopia. This study aims to identify the sero- prevalence and predictor factors of HCV and HIV infection among pregnant women attending antenatal care (ANC) in Western Ethiopia.Methods: An institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted from July to September, 2014 among 421 pregnant women's attending ANC services in purposively selected health facilities of western Ethiopia. The HCV and HIV infections were diagnosed by detection antibodies from aseptically collected serum sample. HCV was identified using an enzyme linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) while HIV infection was tested with rapid HIV tests following the national HIV test algorithm. The pretested and structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic data, and potential predictor factors of HCV and HIV infection. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 statistical software.Result: The overall sero-prevalence of HCV and HIV among the study population was 8.1% and 1.0%, respectively. The prevalence of HCV/HIV co-infection was 0.23% (1/421). Among HIV infected women, the prevalence of HCV infection was 25% (1/4). The risk of HCV infection was significantly low for urban residents (AOR = 0.38, 95%CI: 0.16-0.90) and illiterate (AOR = 0.24, 95%CI: 0.06-0.85). However, the history of blood transfusion was significantly increases the risk of HIV infection (AOR = 19.52, 95%CI: 1.80-150.6).Conclusion: Our study confirms public health importance of HCV and HIV infections among pregnant women in the study area. The study suggests need of attention for rural residents and educated segment of the population for HCV prevention, and national blood blank to check HIV test method used for blood transfusion.

A Study to Assess the Knowledge about Birth Preparedness among Primi Gravida Women Attending Antenatal Clinic of Selected Hospitals Dewas, Madhya Pradesh

A Study to Assess the Knowledge about Birth Preparedness among Primi Gravida Women Attending Antenatal Clinic of Selected Hospitals Dewas, Madhya Pradesh

Awareness Regarding Pelvic Organ Prolapse Among Women Attending A Teaching Hospital In Chitwan

Awareness Regarding Pelvic Organ Prolapse Among Women Attending A Teaching Hospital In Chitwan

Effects of the 2014/2015 Ebola Outbreak on Malaria Management in Pregnant Women: A Comparative Study of an Ebola Affected and Unaffected Rural District of Guinea

This study aimed to measure the effects of Ebola outbreak on antenatal care attendance and malaria management in pregnant women in Guinea. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in two rural malaria-endemic health districts: on the epicentre of the West African Ebola outbreak (Guéckédou) and the other spared by Ebola (Koubia). Data were compared over similar periods of high malaria transmission before, during and after the Ebola outbreak. There were substantial declines in antenatal care visits in Guéckédou, from a monthly average number of 7,208 before the outbreak to 3,151 (57% decrease) during and 2,843 visits (61% decrease) after it while this indicator increased across the same periods in Koubia. In Guéckédou, the number of SP first doses provided dropped from 2,566 before the outbreak to 1,263 (51% decrease) during and 1,010 (61% decrease) after the Ebola outbreak (P < 0.001) while in Koubia, the decline was by 13% and 24% during and after the outbreak from an average number of 499 doses before it (P < 0.001). Fever cases increased by 43% and 38% during and after the outbreak respectively in Guéckédou and by 28% during and 11% after the outbreak in Koubia. Untreated malaria cases represented 11% and 12% of confirmed malaria cases during and after the outbreak respectively compared to 3% before it in Guéckédou, while in Koubia no untreated case was seen across these periods. There is need to uphold malaria services during future outbreaks.

Study of Postpartum Depression and its Associated Factors in Women Attending Tertiary Care Hospital, Raichur

Study of Postpartum Depression and its Associated Factors in Women Attending Tertiary Care Hospital, Raichur

Determination of Menopausal Symptoms and Their Effect on General Health Related Quality of Life among Women Attending Teaching Hospitals in Al-Hilla City

Menopause is defined as the permanent cessation of menses. The age at which natural menopause occurs is between the ages of 45 and 55 years for women worldwide. The deficiency of female hormones elicits various somatic, vasomotor, sexual and psychological symptoms that impair the overall quality of life of women.