Women Who Research Articles

Correlates of Transactional Sex Among Black Men and Women Who Misuse Opioids.

The rise in opioid misuse coincides with increased sexually transmitted infection (STI) and HIV incidence. Transactional sex is an under-researched phenomenon among Black Americans who misuse opioids, and may increase their risk of STI or HIV transmission. Given the disproportionate impact of the opioid epidemic on Black Americans and the risks associated with opioid misuse, the current study aims to investigate sociostructural factors, history of violence, and sexual risk factors associated with transactional sex among Black men and women. A sample of n = 375 Black adult Kentuckians reporting opioid misuse completed a survey including transactional sex, sociostructural, violence history, and sexual risk measures. Results of chi-squares and independent samples t-tests revealed that compared to men who did not report engaging in transactional sex, men who engaged in transactional sex were less educated, reported being sexually assaulted or having an unwanted sexual experience in their lifetime, and were more likely to use opioids or cocaine before or during sex in the last year. Women who engaged in transactional sex had a history of violence, more structural barriers, higher psychological distress, and engaged in more sexual risk behaviors compared to women who did not engage in transactional sex. Implications for future research and interventions with this population are discussed.

Pregnancy Outcomes In Obese Women Who Gave Birth During The Outbreak Of The Covid-19 And Before It

background: Due to its nature, the covid-19 disease can have adverse effects on pregnant mothers, fetuses and newborns. Objective:Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate pregnancy outcomes in obese women who gave birth during the outbreak of the covid-19 and before it. Methods: This is a descriptive-analytical study that was conducted on 444 obese pregnant women in two groups, before and during the outbreak of covid-19, and the outcomes of pregnancy and the role of covid-19 in their development have been investigated. The data were collected through online questionnaires. In order to analyze the data, logistic regression model and odds ratio analysis were performed. Results: According to the independent t-test between the two groups, the average BMI in the two groups was 32.95 and 33.12, respectively. According to the obtained statistics (Pr (T > t) = 0.7076 and t = -0.5469), this difference was not significant. Also, corona-virus infection had no effect on pregnancy outcomes such as gestational vomiting, gestational diabetes, high blood pressure, pre-eclampsia, postpartum hemorrhage and weight gain during pregnancy, but it increases the chances of urinary infections, need to cesarean section and premature delivery, although these increases were not significant. Conclusion: Covid-19 can cause some consequences and outcomes, including premature birth, gestational diabetes, increased body mass index and other dangerous complications for pregnant mothers, fetuses or babies.

Pathways of Women Who Are Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing to Faculty Careers in Higher Education

Pathways of Women Who Are Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing to Faculty Careers in Higher Education

Bearing (Aguantando) With Intimate Partner Violence: A Grounded Theory Study of Self-Silencing Among Hispanic Women Who Experienced Intimate Partner Violence.

Hispanic women who experience intimate partner violence (IPV) face unique disparities. They have poorer health outcomes and are less likely to seek help than their non-Hispanic counterparts. When women remain in relationships where IPV occurs and refuse to disclose or seek treatment, they may resort to self-silencing, which can also worsen health outcomes. The purpose of this study was to develop a theory that explains how self-silencing evolves among Hispanic women who experience IPV. Participants were recruited from two research studies focused on Hispanic women's health, and from snowball sampling, which involved referrals by previously registered participants. Data were collected via Zoom® and included individual interviews. A total of 25 women participated in this study. Analysis followed constructive grounded theory levels of analysis described by Charmaz and constant comparative methods described by Glaser and Strauss. A grounded theory entitled Bearing (Aguantando) With Intimate Partner Violence emerged from the data. The theory explains the main strategy Hispanic women use to deal with violence while remaining in a relationship where IPV occurs. The theory is constructed of four categories with subcategories. The results of this study provide an initial framework to understand the self-silencing process among Hispanic women who experience IPV. In addition, this study identifies different levels of interventions that can be useful for researchers and healthcare providers to promote Hispanic women's ability to become empowered, use their voices, and seek help.

"You Are in the Middle of a Road, a Road With No End": Experiences of Women Who Underwent Medical Termination of Their Pregnancies: A Phenomenologıcal Study.

This article focused on the experiences of women who underwent medical termination of their pregnancies. The study adopted a qualitative phenomenological research design with a sample of 20 pregnant women. Data were collected between April and June 2022 using a personal information form and a semistructured individual interview. The qualitative data were analyzed into 4 categories: "psychosocial impacts," "impacts on functionality," "coping," and "expectations." These categories comprised 8 themes and 24 subthemes. Nurses play a crucial role in adopting family-centered approaches to offer holistic care. They should prioritize providing physical care throughout the medical termination, while also assessing the psychological impact of fetal loss. Perinatal palliative care and bereavement counseling should be integrated into care practices.

From “Bad” and “Good” Motivations to Abort to “Bad” and “Good” Women: Abortion Stigma and Backlash Against Women Who Interrupt Their Pregnancy

From “Bad” and “Good” Motivations to Abort to “Bad” and “Good” Women: Abortion Stigma and Backlash Against Women Who Interrupt Their Pregnancy

The Role of Women in Leadership and Management Positions in Nursing: A Qualitative Study to Explore the Hardships that are being Faced by Women Who Hold Top Positions in Nursing in Malta

The gender gap in leadership is a broad topic which also incorporates diverse studies, with each study providing different justifications for the characteristics of effective leadership. The main aim of this qualitative study is to examine the role of women in leadership in nursing who work in primary healthcare in Malta. This research was set to probe the experiences of women in leadership together with the barriers they face throughout their leadership role. The study was analysed from a constructivist paradigm point of view. The data was gathered through in-depth interviews which were analysed manually by using a hybrid approach design. Amidst the various perceptions gleaned from the study, important aspects that are crucial for successful leadership arose. Furthermore, the importance of communication in leadership, together with the situation of the Maltese context, were explored. In the findings, the participants displayed a clear understanding of effective leadership, one that incorporates the employment of mitigation with various stakeholders. The main recommendations from the study are that the primary healthcare sector should be equipped with more nurses so that new services can be introduced, together with the importance of training programmes in all strata.

Prevalence of Self‐Medication Practice and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women Who Attended Antenatal Care at Public Hospitals of North Shewa Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia

Background. Self‐medication practice is the use of medicine without consulting health professionals to treat self‐recognized illness by the general population including pregnant women. Inappropriate self‐medication practice during pregnancy may pose harmful consequences for the fetus as well as the mother. There is not given much attention on the practice of self‐medication among pregnant women in our setting. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of self‐medication practice and associated factors among pregnant women who attended antenatal care at North Shewa Zone public hospitals. Methods. An institution‐based cross‐sectional study was conducted from June 01, 2022 to July 30, 2022, among 650 pregnant women who attended antenatal care at North Shewa Zone public hospitals. A multistage sampling technique was employed. The questionnaires were pretested. A structured interviewer‐administered questionnaire and reviewed medical records were used for data collection. Epi‐data version 4.6.2 and SPSS version 20 were utilized for data entry and analysis, respectively. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was done to identify associated factors, and P values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results. The prevalence of self‐medication practice among pregnant women was 65.38%. Housewives (AOR = 0.097 95% CI 0.030, 0.310), farmers (AOR = 0.117, 95% CI 0.028, 0.493), people with health insurance (AOR = 0.507, 95% CI 0.300, 0.858), and people in preconception care (AOR = 0.038, 95% CI 0.011–0.135) were less likely to practice self‐medication, while people with primary education (AOR = 3.00, 95% CI 1.217, 7.435), income less than 3,000 birr (AOR = 5.46, 95% CI 1.41, 21.1), participants in the first (AOR = 4.183, 95% CI 2.12, 8.24) and second trimesters (AOR = 2.05, 95% CI 1.18, 3.56), pregnant women who lived in rural areas (AOR = 1.579, 95% CI 1.103–2.260), and people who previously practiced self‐medication (AOR = 8.2, 95% CI 5.04, 13.3) were more likely to practice self‐medication. Conclusion. From the present finding, it can be concluded that self‐medication among pregnant women is high. Previous self‐medication practice, gestation period, educational status, monthly income, no preconception care, no health insurance, being a housewife, farmer, and place of residence were significantly associated with self‐medication practice. Therefore, preventive measures such as proper counseling during dispensing, awareness creation programs on preconception care, and enrolling in health insurance programs to minimize the practice of self‐medication are necessary.

The Recognition of Defensive Emergency Avoidance in the Case of a Battered Woman Who Killed Her Husband

The Recognition of Defensive Emergency Avoidance in the Case of a Battered Woman Who Killed Her Husband

Investigating the Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy on Self-Compassion and Experiential Avoidance in Women Who Have Experienced Marital Infidelity

Objective: Marital infidelity is one of the most significant threats to the stability of marital relationships and a leading cause of divorce across various cultures. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) on self-compassion and experiential avoidance in women who have experienced marital infidelity. Methods: The current research was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design, involving experimental and control groups and a three-month follow-up. All women who had experienced marital infidelity and attended psychotherapy and counseling clinics in Tehran during the year 2021-2022 constituted the statistical population of this study, from which 30 were selected via convenience sampling based on the inclusion criteria and randomly assigned to two equal groups of 15. Data were collected using the Self-Compassion Scale (Neff, 2003) and the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire - Second Version (Bond et al., 2007). Participants in the experimental group received 8 sessions of intervention. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics and one-way analysis of variance with SPSS version 26. Findings: The mean self-compassion score and its dimensions in the experimental group significantly improved post-intervention compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Cognitive-behavioral therapy was beneficial in reducing experiential avoidance in the experimental group, unlike the control group (p < 0.05). The effects of this therapeutic program on dependent variables continued during the three-month follow-up period (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Cognitive-behavioral exercises can be used as an effective intervention method to improve the cognitive-emotional status of women who have experienced marital infidelity.

Women Who Give Birth Preterm Do Not Meet Dietary Guidelines During Pregnancy.

Women Who Give Birth Preterm Do Not Meet Dietary Guidelines During Pregnancy.

Saikaku's Evanescence

Abstract: This essay explores how Ihara Saikaku's new form of fiction— ukiyo-zoshi —both adapts and adopts traditional Japanese aesthetics. Saikaku's Five Women Who Loved Love (1686) is a paradigmatic example of the modern conception of ukiyo , which inverts the traditional Buddhist sense of ukiyo , written with a different character, to express the ephemeral, often erotic pleasures of the floating world, rather than sadness in the face of its transience. I argue that, though the modern pleasures of ukiyo are the drivers of the plot, the imagery and the traditional aesthetic pleasures associated with the Buddhist sense of the transience of a floating world run throughout the stories. Saikaku's characters are often presented as avatars of classical characters and in turn they often end up generating additional stories. Characters and stories alike are nodes in a cycle of infectious stories, versions of earlier stories that seed further stories and so transmit the evanescent pleasures of love in a self-conscious circulation of stories. The older resonance of the floating world sounds through its modern meaning. Saikaku ironically invokes the Buddhist significance of the floating world, but he may also ironically suggest the limitations of its modern pleasures. Saikaku's modernity inheres in this double irony.

Saikaku Steers a Course: Negotiating Celebrity Status as an Author in Edo-period Osaka, 1684–86

Abstract: Ihara Saikaku first achieved celebrity in his native city of Osaka as a prolific, if not always consistent, composer and critic of haikai no renga (linked-verse poetry). Later, his ukiyo-zōshi prose narratives set in the "floating world" of Japan's licensed pleasure quarters and chōninmono accounts of everyday urban life were bestsellers that lifted him to stardom. His collaboration with the most famous ukiyo-e artists of his day, Hishikawa Moronobu and Yoshida Hanbei, cemented his position as one of the most important authors of the Genroku era, one of the most prolific periods in Japanese literary history. Yet Saikaku's path to fame was by no means assured, and the course of his early career was shaped by his reactions to censorship, piracy, and market demands. This essay describes pivotal episodes that determined the course of his work during the crucial years of 1684–86, including his famous linked-verse marathon performance in front of Osaka's Sumiyoshi shrine, the pirated Edo edition of his The Life of an Amorous Man , and his ongoing responses to the Tokugawa shoguns' censorship as reflected in his books Five Women Who Loved Love and Twenty Cases of Filial Impiety in Japan .

Woodcuts, Woodcutters, and the Art of Savoring the World

Abstract: This essay explores what difference it makes that late seventeenth-century Japanese prose fiction, including the work of Ihara Saikaku, was far more frequently and extensively illustrated than its European counterparts. Part of the explanation for this may simply be economic and technological, but a more interesting answer lies in Japanese books' commitment to a far more visual (and often far less moralized) aesthetic, one that encourages a surprised and delighted savoring of the world (a stance intriguingly modeled for us, both visually and textually, by a passing woodcutter in Saikaku's Kōshoku gonin onna [ Five Women Who Loved Love ]). This intensely visual aesthetic, in turn, solicits a rather different kind of narrative engagement than that invited by most European fiction of the period: one far less interested in individuals qua individuals, far less obsessed with interiority, and far more willing to acknowledge the place that pleasure can and ought to have in our lives. All of which is to say that Saikaku's work and other ukiyo-zōshi [books of the floating world] can usefully contribute to the ongoing project of provincializing Europe (and the equally urgent project in literary studies of provincializing Defoe and perhaps the Anglophone novel more generally).

Putting Politics Aside: Supporting Pregnant Women Who Have Experienced Sexual Violence.

Putting Politics Aside: Supporting Pregnant Women Who Have Experienced Sexual Violence.

Fuzzy Logic: vulnerability of women who have sex with women to sexually transmitted infections.

To describe the possibility of applying Fuzzy Logic in analyzing the vulnerability of Women Who Have Sex with Women to Sexually Transmitted Infections/HIV/AIDS. We developed a Fuzzy Logic system with 17 input variables and one output variable, using data related to vulnerability in a municipality located in the Midwest region of the State of São Paulo, Brazil. The factor with the greatest positive impact was the confirmation that a low understanding of Sexually Transmitted Infections/HIV/AIDS is associated with higher vulnerability. Conversely, the statement "Not disclosing sexual activity to healthcare professionals," where individuals do not admit to having sex with women, had the least impact. Fuzzy Logic facilitates the identification of vulnerability, expressed through the analysis of interaction between variables in each dimension. This makes it a promising method to assist in analyzing the vulnerability of specific populations.

Challenges Facing Women Who Are Small Business Owners and Have English as an Additional Language in the Waikato Region, New Zealand: An Explorative Inquiry

Challenges Facing Women Who Are Small Business Owners and Have English as an Additional Language in the Waikato Region, New Zealand: An Explorative Inquiry

An Assessment of the Life Experiences of Women Who are Survivors of Sexual Abuse in Zengeza Community Chitungwiza, Zimbabwe.

This paper assesses the life experiences of women who are survivors of sexual abuse in Zengeza community of Chitungwiza, Zimbabwe. It seeks to explore the experiences of survivors of sexual abuse and how the survivors are coping. A Phenomenological research design was adopted to allow the researchers to know about the subjective, life experiences of the female survivors of sexual abuse without focusing on specific answers. The target population comprised of 20 female survivors of sexual abuse to avoid biased information and participants were recruited using purposive sampling technique, by selecting individuals who are living as survivors of sexual abuse. The findings from this study strongly indicated that survivors of sexual abuse are going through a lot of emotional and psychological distress, with their physical health affected as well. The article extensively explores the intricate and multifaceted challenges faced by the survivors of sexual abuse and the possible coping mechanisms that they may employ. The researchers recommended that it is of paramount importance for the healthcare system to acknowledge what the survivors of sexual abuse are going through and to provide possible ways to curb the challenges that they are facing.

Equitable Access to Nature and Transformational Politics

abstract: Vietnamese Zen Master Thich Nhat Hanh's (1926–2022) account of the nearly two years he spent as a fugitive in the Dai Lao Forest among the Indigenous Highlanders of Vietnam in his memoir Fragrant Palm Leaves demonstrates the transformational political potential associated with such access to nature. Based on this and recent work like Tiya Miles's 2023 book Wild Girls: How the Outdoors Shaped the Women Who Challenged a Nation , I propose that contemporary environmental activism toward more equitable access to nature in the United States should better highlight this transformational political potential—understood as dismantling systemic ecological and social injustice—in addition to offering public and mental health benefits.

Making It Work—Experiences of Women Who Engage in Technological Making at Home

Abstract This paper presents the results of a 5-month diary study into the practices and routines that develop around technological making in the home, particularly focused on the experiences of women, as they continue to be an underrepresented group in the maker community. In this study, we provided participants with an entry-level electronics making kit. Over the course of twenty weeks, the participants documented their making activities via photos, videos, text messages and taking part in interviews. By means of interpretative phenomenological analysis, we identified six core themes related to women’s experiences with technological making in the home. These experiences ranged from positive—feeling challenged, proud of accomplishments, inspired; to negative—feeling frustrated, guilty due to lack of progress or confused and overwhelmed. These experiences are discussed and contextualized by aspects related to hurdles experienced by the participants, and success factors that contribute to proactive engagement with making in the home. Research Highlights Twenty-week photo diary study and interpretative phenomenological analysis. Identification of six core themes based on empirical data on experiences with technological making in the home context. Discourse around thresholds to engage women in technological making and the maker community. Design and research directions to reduce barriers in technological making.