Representation Of Women Research Articles

Exploring the Discursive Representation of Pakistani Female Politicians in Print and Electronic Media: A Qualitative Study of Narrative and Framing

This study uses a qualitative discourse analysis approach to investigate Pakistani female politicians' discursive representation in print and electronic media. Specifically, the research focuses on the narratives and framing strategies employed by the media to construct and portray the public image of these political figures. By employing Corpus-Assisted Diachronic Discourse Analysis (CADDA), the study traces the changes in media discourse over time, uncovering how gender biases, societal norms, and power dynamics shape the representation of women in Pakistani politics. The findings reveal significant trends in gendered framing, highlighting how media portrayal fluctuates between marginalization and recognition of female politicians' contributions, though gender stereotypes remain deeply embedded in these narratives. The findings of this study have important implications for future media reform initiatives, advocating for a more equitable and balanced representation of women in politics. The insights gained can also inform gender advocacy strategies and policy efforts to enhance women's visibility and leadership roles in traditional and digital media.

Representation Of Women's Beauty In Indonesia In Imperfect Film: Career, Love And Scales

Representation Of Women's Beauty In Indonesia In Imperfect Film: Career, Love And Scales

Pimping in the clinical learning environment: representation of women in surgery.

Pimping in the clinical learning environment: representation of women in surgery.

Gendered Authorship of the Female Identity: A Gynocritical Comparative Study between Norwegian Wood and the God of Small Things

The paper seeks to elucidate the differences in the representation of women in male- and female-authored texts, specifically analyzing Haruki Murakami’s Norwegian Wood and Arundhati Roy’s The God of Small Things. Numerous critics over the years have noted that male and female authors often portray femininity in markedly different ways. While male authors tend to perpetuate prejudiced or stereotypical views of women, female authors, drawing from their direct experiences of womanhood, provide more authentic depictions that foster female empowerment. Theoretically identifying this marked difference is thus the primary aim of this paper and hence this study employs a qualitative textual analysis, utilizing theoretical frameworks such as Michel Foucault’s discourses of sexuality, Elaine Showalter’s gynocriticism, Hélène Cixous’s écriture féminine, Judith Butler’s gender performativity, and Simone de Beauvoir’s concept of gender stereotypes. The findings reveal a significant divergence in the way that male- and female-authored texts characterize female figures. Murakami, in his portrayal of Naoko and Midori, has often associated reductive and stereotypical attributes that in essence undermine their agencies and voices; their attributes and mannerisms were shown to be limited to emotional and/or sexual contexts that conflate the female experience and undermine gender fluidity. In contrast, Roy depicted Ammu and Rahel in accordance to feminist sensibilities as they can be seen to portray androgyny as well as employ their sexualities to challenge and subvert social norms and stereotypes. The study therefore concludes that women-authored narratives provide more nuanced and authentic representations of female experiences, whereas male-authored texts frequently reinforce patriarchal frameworks and stereotypical assumptions of one-dimensional gender linearity.

Status of Women Police in India: An Analytical Study of Uttar Pradesh State Police

Despite a number of efforts by the Government to increase the representation of women in police, it has continued to be relatively sluggish. The Government's data shows that there were a total of 2,17,026 women in police forces, which made up 10.5 percent of the entire police force in the country. Very few women police are recruited for leadership positions. The reasons behind the lesser representation of women police in the police department include the working conditions, societal status of women, recruitment rules, retention and promotion discrimination, inadequate infrastructure, and the police image in society etc. Article 355 of the 7th Schedule of the Constitution of India mandates the Union to safeguard each State from both internal and external disturbances. The responsibility for public order crimes and law enforcement falls under the State's jurisdiction, as designated by Article 246 of the Constitution. Therefore, each State has to establish a police force capable of enforcing laws, maintaining public order, and ensuring the safety of its citizens. The United Nations report underscores the importance of women in the police force, noting that the current ratio of 137 police per lakh population falls short of the required 181 police per lakh population. The United Nations recommends a ratio of 222 police per lakh population, a goal that we are currently far from achieving. The present paper provides police data along with the strength of the women police in India. This also highlights the various committees' recommendations for women's policing and the development of the police force through equality and quality of women working in the police system. Some crucial suggestions and recommendations have been provided to increase the recruitment of women in police organisations.

Exploring gender stereotypes in financial reporting: An aspect-level sentiment analysis using big data and deep learning

This study delves into the intricate interplay between gender stereotypes and financial reporting through an aspect-level sentiment analysis approach. Leveraging Big Data comprising 129,251 human face images extracted from 2085 financial reports in Chile, and employing Deep Learning techniques, we uncover the underlying factors influencing the representation of women in financial reports. Our findings reveal that gender stereotypes, combined with external economic factors, significantly shape the portrayal of women in financial reports, overshadowing intentional efforts by companies to influence stakeholder perceptions of financial performance. Notably, economic expansion periods correlate with a decline in women's representation, while economic instability amplifies their portrayal. Furthermore, the financial inclusion of women positively correlates with their presence in financial report images. Our results underscore a bias in image selection within financial reports, diverging from the neutrality principles advocated by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). This pioneering study, combining Big Data and Deep Learning, contributes to gender stereotype literature, financial report soft information research, and business impression management research.

Transformational Leadership As A Catalyst For Enhancing Gender Equality And Women's Representation In Public Administration: Opportunities For Increased Access And Involvement In South Sudan

The Gender Equality in Public Administration Study was carried at the National Transformational Leadership Institute (NTLI) of the University of Juba in partnership with the Ministry of Gender Child and Social Welfare and UNDP South Sudan. The Study employed UNDP’s global GEPA initiative framework and UNDP-OECD Toolkit for Mainstreaming and Implementing Gender Equality in Public Life. which consists of four pillars, namely,1) Institutional and governance frameworks for gender equality and mainstreaming; 2) Gender-sensitive practices in parliaments; 3) Gender-sensitive public employment systems; 4) Gender-sensitive practices in the judiciary. Based on South Sudan context and the systems alreadyestablished,some key aspects of the UNDP-OECD tool with particular emphasis on Pillars (1) and (3) were adopted. Both qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection that include surveys, face-to-face interviews, consultation workshops and focus group discussions were used to reach out to gender focal persons from all government institutions (ministries, commissions and parastatal organizations), organized forces, Academia and Civic groups that include Faith Based Organizations, Civil Society Organizations and Disability Persons Organisations.The collated information was analysed using SPSS and interpretation provided. The studyfound the existence of considerable gender differentials in terms of genderrights, accessto humanrights and access to justice. Gender inequality and Sexual Gender-Based Violence are widespread and mostly intensified by cultural norms and insecurity caused by interstate and intracommunal conflicts. Gender equality and women’s access, involvement and representation in Public Administration are linked to multiple structural and functional constraints which differ across sectors in South Sudan. Analysis from this study, clearly underlines that participation and access to formal political power structures is impeded by inherent gender imbalance in institutionalstructures, unequal power sharing, socio-economic context, culture, ideological and psychologicalfactors, which remain sticky, normalized and increasingly accepted as part of life. From the foregoing, it is imperative that directed policy initiatives and legal framework be established to address the issues. The Government of the Republic of South Sudan should conduct a review of the legislative and policy framework to integrate the minimum of 35% quotas for womenin all public administration (National Gender Policy; National Strategic Plan Framework; LabourAct, Civil Service Act and Public Service Regulations);

Abuela Alma

Disney digital animated films seem to be increasingly open to a multicultural strategy in which the life experiences of different ethnic and racial communities are addressed. One of the biggest hits with Latinx protagonists is Disney’s Encanto (2021), codirected by Byron Howard, Jared Bush, and Charise Castro Smith. Based on a story about the crisis of a Colombian family with magical powers, the film can be read from the perspective of postmemory, as an allegory about the inheritance of cultural traumas. This video essay analyzes the figure of Alma, the grandmother and matriarch. This representation of the aging woman is halfway between the tradition of Disney’s villainesses and godmothers. Its complexity lies in the embodiment of power dynamics within the family and the generational struggle between the importance of a legacy and the need to overcome the painful past.

Pragmatic Strategies In The Representation Of Plus-Size Women In Nollywood Films: A Case Study Of Skinny Girl In Transit.

This study investigates the pragmatic strategies employed in Skinny Girl in Transit, a popular Nollywood web series, to examine how language reflects and challenges societal norms about body image. Focusing on conversational implicature, speech acts, and politeness theory, the analysis explores how the protagonist, Tiwa, a plus-size woman, navigates societal pressures concerning her weight and identity. The case study approach is utilized, selecting key scenes from the series where body image is discussed, either implicitly or explicitly. Through the application of pragmatic theories, the research reveals that while language in the series often reinforces societal expectations about slimness, it also provides a platform for resisting stereotypes. Characters use humor, indirect remarks, and polite strategies to address sensitive issues, creating a nuanced portrayal of plus-size women in Nollywood. The findings highlight how Skinny Girl in Transit both mirrors and critiques cultural attitudes toward body size, offering a more complex representation of plus-size women in Nigerian media. This study contributes to the fields of pragmatics, media representation, and African cinema by demonstrating the power of language in shaping cultural perceptions.

Preserving Female Agency in the Gaze: An Analysis of The Silence of the Lambs

Laura Mulvey’s essay, “Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema,” published in 1975, has become a foundational text in cinema and feminist criticism. Mulvey introduces the concept of the “male gaze,” arguing that traditional Hollywood cinema is constructed from a patriarchal perspective that objectifies women. This camera gaze influences the portrayal of female characters and affects how audiences engage with narratives. Mulvey employs concepts from psychoanalysis, particularly from Freud and Lacan, to explain how films generate visual pleasure through identification and desire. She discusses how viewers, especially male viewers, derive pleasure from the visual representation of women, reinforcing patriarchal structures within narrative cinema.

The impact of board gender diversity on healthcare financial performance during Covid- 19: Evidence from Italian Healthcare Organizations

Over the past few decades, European institutions and policymakers have promot-ed gender diversity in management and strategic leadership roles. Prior literature has highlighted the importance of board gender diversity; neverthe-less, previous studies have mainly focused on the private sector, while the public sector – particularly the healthcare sector – remains under-investigated. Hence, to fill this gap, the present paper aims to examine the impact of board gen-der diversity on Italian public health outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic to address the calls for more excellent representation of women in leadership roles. The research methodology uses an OLS linear regression model to examine the re-lationship between the number of women in top positions in Italian Healthcare Or-ganizations (roles of general, administrative, and health managers) and their fi-nancial and non-financial performance. Results show that women's involvement in governance positively impacts the per-formance of Italian healthcare organisations, while no significant association has emerged regarding non-financial performance. This study could represent a starting point for implementing measures that focus on the health sector. The sector has been experiencing a severe crisis for years and, therefore, needs innovative strategies for its relaunch.

“Only some can succeed Here”: A mixed methods study of how faculty unproductive mindsets relate to Gender, Racial, and First-Gen representation in higher education

Gender, racial/ethnic, and socioeconomic disparities pervade academia. Though there are a wealth of established reasons for these gaps, recent research has begun to examine how faculty beliefs contribute to representation outcomes for groups stereotyped as lacking intelligence. Extending prior research and using a sequential explanatory mixed methods approach, the present study investigates how field-specific ability beliefs (beliefs about the importance of brilliance) and fixed mindsets (beliefs about the immutability of intelligence) relate to the representation of women, racial/ethnic minorities, and first-generation students at various levels of academia. In a quantitative study of 1,025 faculty from 83 departments, self-reported beliefs exhibited negative correlations with representation outcomes in the small to very large range (−.16 > r’s > -0.44). Qualitative findings, however, suggest a more complicated relationship. Focus group data from undergraduate and graduate students in two departments differing in faculty beliefs (N = 32), suggested that both explicit and implicit messages from professors, peers, and the learning environment are important contributors to students’ experiences, beliefs, and decisions. The results call for more intentional considerations, both in research and in practice, of the messages students receive from the environments in which they learn.

Demographic Differences in the Radiology Residency Match, 2022 to 2024

PurposeRanking preferences by residency programs in the Match could shape the diversity of selective specialties. We investigated demographic characteristics of applicants and matched residents in radiology and other specialties to identify changes in representation. MethodsSurvey data from the National Resident Matching Program were obtained for applicants to radiology (diagnostic radiology, interventional radiology, and combined diagnostic radiology and nuclear medicine) and nonradiology programs in the 2022 to 2024 Main Residency Matches. Demographics among applicants preferring a specialty, and matched residents were compared using χ2 tests. ResultsRadiology had a 73.9% match rate (3,486 of 4,718 applicants). Women represented 29.0% of radiology applicants compared with 52.0% in other specialties. In radiology, only US citizenship had higher representation among matched residents compared with applicants (+4.0%, 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.8%-5.3%) (P = .001). Other demographics were not significantly different between applicants and matched residents in radiology overall. A higher representation of women was observed in matched residents compared with applicants in diagnostic radiology (+2.4%, 95% CI, 0.2%-4.6%) (P = .031) but not interventional radiology (+0.2%, 95% CI, −5.1% to 5.5%) (P = .944). In nonradiology specialties, female gender, nonheterosexual orientation, White race, US citizenship, first-generation medical graduate, and nonurban childhood were associated with higher match rates. ConclusionUS citizenship but not other demographic variables was associated with higher rates of matching into radiology. Women are underrepresented among radiology applicants and have slightly higher match rates in diagnostic radiology but not interventional radiology.

The Representation of Women in Kamnodo of the Chosŏn Dynasty and Its Significance

In the Buddhist paintings known as Nectar Ritual Painting (Kamnodo 甘露圖), which depicts the ritual of food offering (sesik 施食) for hungry ghosts (agwi 餓鬼), there are various representations of women, including nuns and laywomen, engaged in different roles. Although Chosŏn society was built upon Neo-Confucian ideals that imposed restrictions on women's religious activities, Buddhism, which promote religious practice without gender discrimination, offered female practitioners a sense of equality, fulfillment in their vows, and liberation. Of the seventy known works of Kamnodo, around forty feature depictions of nuns, providing valuable historical evidence about Buddhist nuns and their representation. In addition, women in professional roles within Chosŏn society, such as court ladies (sanggung), female shaman and female entertainer (sadang), are depicted as central figures in Kamnodo. Importantly, these women often acted as patrons for the creation of such painting. The continued Buddhist sponsorship from female devotees contributed to the translation of sacred scriptures into Han'gŭl and fostered the development of narrative painting genres like Kamnodo, which were used as visual aids in Buddhist lectures. While Kamnodo is primarily a religious painting aimed at making intangible spiritual beliefs visible, it also serves as a historical record. Created for the salvation of souls, it reflects the ideals, desires, and, at times, the fears of the community, offering key insights into the social conditions of the time. By examining the meanings and transformations seen in Kamnodo, we can gain a deeper understanding of gender perception in Chosŏn Buddhist art.

Evolución de las Prácticas de Gestión Corporativa: Tendencias y Desafíos Actuales

The article addresses the evolution of corporate governance practices in the context of current challenges such as sustainability, digitalization and social responsibility. The main objective of the study is to analyze emerging trends and challenges faced by organizations in adapting their governance systems to a constantly changing business environment. A qualitative literature review methodology is used to compile and analyze previous studies on corporate governance, with a particular focus on the integration of environmental, social and governance (ESG) criteria. The results indicate that companies are adopting more inclusive strategies, with an increase in the representation of women and minorities on boards, and the integration of new technologies such as artificial intelligence to improve operational efficiency. However, significant challenges related to cybersecurity and ethical data management are identified. The discussion suggests that the ability of companies to adapt to these changes will determine their future success. In conclusion, the importance of flexible and adaptive governance to respond to growing expectations of sustainability and transparency is emphasized.

A Woman’s Touch: Queeriod Drama and the Scene of Writing

A Woman’s Touch: Queeriod Drama and the Scene of Writing. This paper addresses the representation of women of the long eighteenth century as writers on the contemporary screen. It focuses on the experimentation with time in such representations, the seeking out of closeness and distance in the past through relationships with ‘lost’ texts or scenarios. This in two respects: first, the sense of a lost relationship to manuscript and manuscript ‘hands’ in letters and diaries in the new mediations visual and verbal of the screen; second, the sense of what has been helpfully termed by Elizabeth Freeman ‘temporal drag’ in the representation of same-sex relationships of the past in our media present. I focus in particular on a recent ‘queeriod’ drama about the life of Anne Lister, landowner and lesbian: the series Gentleman Jack developed and directed from her screenplay by Sally Wainwright (BBC /HBO TV series 1, 2019 and series 2, 2022). I look closely at a scene designed to illustrate intense affect formed in and through writing: a moment when we are invited to feel with, or to be touched by, the feeling of the protagonist. A turning away is also a turning toward, a perception of affect. What is transmitted is feeling itself. Writing itself ‘makes’ affect rather than representing it. Keywords: screen, adaptation, eighteenth century, Anne Lister, queer, mediation, affect

You Can't Be What You Can't See: The Progression of Women in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery.

Objective: To examine trends in the gender composition of residents and faculty in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery residency programs in the United States and to investigate the correlation between women's representation in leadership positions and the proportion of women faculty and residents. Methods: A literature review was first performed to analyze trends in the gender composition of residents and faculty in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (OHNS) residency programs. Current residency programs were then identified using the Electronic Residency Application Service 2023 Participating Specialties and Programs website. The following data was collected from each program website: gender of associated medical school dean, gender of department chair, gender of residency program director, and total number and gender of fellowship directors, faculty, and residents. Wilcoxon rank sum test and Fischer's exact test were used to analyze relationships between the number of women in leadership positions and the proportion of women faculty and residents. Results: An increase in the number of women chairs, residency program directors, residents, and faculty over the past decade is documented across published literature. One hundred twenty-three current academic residency programs were identified. Women accounted for 42%, 30%, 27%, and 8% of current residents, residency program directors, faculty, and department chairs, respectively. Department chair gender was significantly correlated with number of women faculty (P = .01). Any women in a leadership position were correlated with a statistically significant increase in median percent of women faculty (P = .006). Conclusion: Further understanding of how the mentorship of women promotes gender equity is necessary to promote gender diversity in OHNS.

Gender Equality Research: A Bibliometric Analysis of Trends in Turkey

Gender disparity persists in both developed and developing nations, despite several attempts to achieve gender parity. This paper explores the evolution and importance of gender equality research, with a focus on Turkey, through bibliometric analysis. It also examines significant subjects, patterns, and academic contributions in the discussion of gender equality using a dataset of 12,539 publications from the fields of business, economics, and management published between 2000 and 2023. Advanced bibliometric methods such as text mining and social network analysis have revealed a discernible increase in gender-related publications over the last 20 years. The United States, the United Kingdom, and Sweden have all made significant contributions. The research provides a list of relevant research publications and keywords related to gender equality, women's representation, and gender differences in work. In addition, it highlights the departure from formal theories of equality and the shift towards more nuanced perspectives that consider the complex interplay among social, economic, and cultural factors. Coordinating gender equality with wider development agendas, particularly the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), is a crucial point of guidance for academics, practitioners, and policymakers, as the paper makes clear. In the twenty-first century, gender inequality poses many complicated problems that require interdisciplinary collaboration and continued research into understudied areas including the intersections of gender with other social identities.

Media representation of members of parliament in Egypt: A reality of gender imbalance

AbstractThis study joins recent studies that explore the meanings of the political representation of women resulting from a gender quota, through examination of their media representation. Drawing on studies on gendered mediation and women's political representation and using a content analysis method, we examine the quantity and the quality of gender media representation of Egyptian members of parliament. The findings show a nuanced picture in which the media simultaneously propagates a conservative perspective alongside progressive and egalitarian ones. Female representatives receive less media coverage and are associated with feminine topics in a way that reproduces the gender hierarchical masculine/feminine and private/public distinction within the political sphere. Nevertheless, this biased coverage coexists with an empowering representation whereby women are more heard than seen and associated with core parliamentary activities. We conclude by addressing the potential and limits of this representation, which may alter perceptions regarding women's political participation under authoritarianism.

Board gender equality and ESG performance. Evidence from European banking sector

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between board gender equality and environmental, social and governance (ESG) performance in the European banking sector. The study examines whether and how the presence of women on the board of directors (BoD) influences ESG dimensions.Design/methodology/approachThe authors analyzed a sample of 72 European Union banks for the period 2015–2021 and developed an econometric model applying unbalanced panel data regression with firm fixed effects and controls per year. To test the research hypotheses, the authors considered gender equality in terms of female participation on the BoD and measured ESG dimensions by using the ESG score provided by Refinitiv.FindingsThe findings suggest a significant positive relationship between the number of women on BoD and the ESG performance of European banks only up to a certain threshold of female directors (at least three women). The study also explores how the proportion of women on BoD influences the individual ESG pillars. The results show that the percentage of female directors has a positive and statistically significant impact on the social dimension of the ESG framework.Research limitations/implicationsThe investigation is highly relevant to investors considering ESG issues in their decision-making process. The overall findings support policymakers and regulators on how to improve ESG performance through the design and the application of corporate governance (CG) mechanisms. From a managerial perspective, the study suggests that managers and CEOs should focus their efforts on establishing the right gender combination of directors on bank BoDs.Originality/valueThis paper offers an in-depth examination of the CG practices of banks, and it attempts to bridge the gap in prior literature on the determinants of ESG issues in the European banking industry. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first that investigates the relationship between the representation of women on BoDs and the ESG dimensions measured by the Refinitiv Eikon score. The use of critical mass theory adds a fresh perspective to the literature on ESG in Europe since the influence of board gender diversity on ESG performance of the European banks is still unaccounted for. This study addresses this pressing research issue drawing on resource dependence, agency and legitimacy theories.