Women's Volleyball Research Articles

For the Love of the Game: An Exploration of the Experiences and Psychosocial Development of Women 70 Years of Age and Older Who Play Volleyball.

There is much to learn about the lived experience of sport participation in later life for older women. This qualitative study explored the experiences of 18 women volleyball players, ages 70 years and older. Four themes emerged from an inductive analysis of in-depth, semistructured interviews: (a)seeking and enjoying optimal challenge, (b)demonstrating physical competence through skill mastery, (c)commitment to continue playing while navigating declining competence, and (d)connection with teammates and positive reinforcement. Following the inductive analysis, the themes were analyzed using personal assets frameworks as lenses through which to further understand how these women's psychosocial development through sport compared with youth and Masters sport. Challenge, competence, connection, and commitment to continue were salient personal assets identified for these women. Researchers should continue to explore how positive sport development across the lifespan can be both universal and nuanced for diverse cohorts of athletes.

Relationships between internal and external training load demands and match load demands in elite women volleyball players

This study investigates the relationships between the internal and external load demands imposed on elite female volleyball players during training and matches. Fourteen elite female world champion volleyball league players participated in this study (mean ± standard deviation (SD); age, 22 ± 0.9 years; height, 195.1 ± 7.6 cm; body mass, 71.4 ± 6.3 kg). The research lasted for 10 months. Moderate positive relationships were found between match load and training load ( r = 0.48) and between high metabolic load distance (HMLD) in matches and HMLD in training ( r = 0.56). There were also strong positive relationships between local positioning system (LPS) recorded jumps in matches and during training (0.61), accelerations in matches and during training ( r = 0.72), and decelerations in matches and during training ( r = 0.68). A weak positive relationship was reported between training accelerations/decelerations and match accelerations/decelerations ( r = 0.28). The relationships between accelerations and decelerations in matches ( r = 0.92) and between accelerations and decelerations during training ( r = 0.90) were very strong. As a result, it is concluded that as the load, HMLD, jumps, accelerations, and decelerations values obtained during training increase, the values obtained in competitions also increase. The results of this study can help sports scientists and coaches understand the relationships between training and competition data obtained from electronic tracking devices.

Sequence and efficacy of game complexes in high-level women’s volleyball: A novel perspective through Social Network Analysis

The stereotyped sequence of volleyball actions allows organising them into six game complexes (K), each with specific dynamics. The purpose of this study was to verify the game flow in high-level women's volleyball through the sequencing of game complexes, their relative importance within the game and their relationship to attack efficacy. Seven matches of the Women's Brazil Cup’2020, knockout competition played by the 8 best teams of the 2019/2020 Superliga, were analysed (31 sets, 1268 rallies). The matches were obtained through the online video platform www.youtube.com . Pearson's chi-squared test (χ2) with Monte Carlo correction was used to assess the association between the variables, and Social Network Analysis with Eigenvector Centrality for the understanding of the nodes interactions their relative importance in a global context. The highest frequencies occurred for K0 (28.75%), KI (25.54%), and KII (23.39%), followed by KIII (15.60%), KV (3.73%), and KIV (2.99%). Positive associations occurred between KI and error; K0 and first KIV and continuity; and between KI, KII, first KIII, second KIII, first KV or second KV and point. The highest Eigenvector Centrality values occurred in first KVE1 and first KIVE1, and the lowest in K0E0, K0E2 and seventh KIIIE0. The results showed that the game complexes unfold in sequences with different frequencies; the sequences K0E1-KIE2, K0E1-KIE1-KIIE2; K0E1-KIE0 and K0E1-KIE1-KIIE1-KIII(1)E2 are the most frequent, which is informative for approximating the regularities of the training sessions to those of the matches.

The Implementation of CIPP Model Evaluation at East Java Women Volleyball Team during the Preparation for Indonesia Olympic Games (PON) XX

This research aimed to evaluate the training camp process of the East Java women's volleyball team in the Indonesia Olympic Games (PON) XX during Covid-19 Pandemic. This research was an evaluation study of the CIPP model with a mixed-method design. Two coaches and 15 women volleyball athletes were selected as research samples by purposive sampling method. The data were collected by questionnaire, observation, document analysis, and semi-structured interview techniques. Triangulation data and thematic coding methods were implemented to analyze the data. The results showed that the government supported the training process very well in the context dimension. The input dimensions were human resources, the availability of training programs, training facilities, and infrastructure was also in the excellent category. There was an excellent result on process dimensions. In the product dimension, most athletes have met the target of the training program. In conclusion, most of the dimensions are in a good category. In addition, the implementation of volleyball training in the covid-19 pandemic developed a good response and connection among athletes and coaches. Meanwhile, the negative values which occurred due to the limitation during the implementation of volleyball training in the covid-19 pandemic were boredom, unmotivated, and other psychological problems. Furthermore, limited training variations could be implemented, and game simulations were eliminated during the covid-19 pandemic.

The relationship between media image, body image, and nutritional status: research on professional female volleyball players

This study was conducted to determine the media image and its impact on body image and nutrition status of 100 professional female volleyball players aged between 18-30 in teams affiliated to the Turkish Volleyball Federation. Their dietary habits and use of food supplement products were recorded with a questionnaire prepared by the researcher and administered face-to-face. Anthropometric measurements taken, body mass indexes (BMI) calculated, body compositions determined with bioelectric impedance analysis, and 24-hour retrospective nutrient consumption records were taken. The “Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Scale” (SATAQ-3) was used in order to evaluate the media image of women volleyball players. The (PSPP) and “Body Parts and Properties Satisfaction Scale” were used for determining their level of satisfaction with their own appearance. The average age of this sample of female volleyball players was 24.3±3.55 years. Their body mass index (BMI) was 20.7±1.48 kg/m2 on average. A statistically significant negative relationship was found between “feeling pressure from the media” (a sub-dimension of the SATAQ-3), and “body attractiveness” a sub-dimension of the PSPP. Feelings of body attractiveness decreased as media pressure increased (p<0.05). A statistically significant negative relationship was found between trying to look like the celebrities in the media and “sports talent and body attractiveness” (p<0.05). Participants felt their bodies were less attractive as compared with celebrities (p<0.05). No significant relationship was found between the sub-dimensions of the SATAQ-3and the “Body Parts and Properties Satisfaction Scale” (p>0.05). We conclude that media image can be an important risk factor for increased body dissatisfaction, impaired body perception, and the formation of a negative body image in female Turkish volleyball players.

Research on Effect of Load Stimulation Change on Heart Rate Variability of Women Volleyball Athletes

Objective. To explore the effect of different training load stimulation on heart rate variability level of Chinese elite female volleyball players. Through two-year follow-up experiment, this paper uses OmegaWave Sport Technology system to track and test the heart rate variability level and central nervous system parameters of 25 elite Chinese women volleyball players who participated in the national adult volleyball training in 2019 and 2020. It is found that the HRV time-domain index of the players under the stimulation of three stages of training load during the winter training in 2020 is determined. Frequency-domain index has significant influence on response stability of central nervous system. In order to further explore the influence of HRV on response stability of central nervous system, a feature classification method based on distance evaluation is proposed for experimental data processing. Through the multimodal human-machine interaction (M-HMI), advanced machine learning is used to promote the cooperative interaction between human and intelligent body. After analysis, SDNN and LF n.u. have a significant impact on the average reaction time. It shows that some indexes tested by the OmegaWave system can reflect the real-time physical function state of athletes sensitively and play an active role in diagnosis of fatigue of athletes' central nervous system. HRV time-domain and frequency-domain indexes, as parameters to evaluate the body functional state of excellent female volleyball players in the preparation process of competition, can sensitively reflect the level of autonomic nerve regulation of athletes in three different load stages.

Socialising Chinese nationalism: Education and media

AbstractThis study discusses the socialisation experiences of young Chinese from two different education backgrounds and media environment. Through a survey on the attitudes of students from Macau and mainland China towards nationalism‐related news events using a survey, this study has revealed that their education social background and media‐use patterns have a greater impact on students' attitudes towards political events (military parade and Occupy Central) than cultural events (Tu Youyou's Nobel Prize and championship of women's volleyball team), and the differences of their attitudes vary depending on the events in question. Moreover, mainland students are more nationalistic and supportive of the official mainland media's discourse on sovereignty issues, but more sceptical of its sources on events of conflicts between Chinese ethnicities. The findings of this study have revealed how wider media exposure impacts the attitudes of individuals; additionally, it responds to the debates on whether people are more inclined to recognise their existing common identities or influenced by the political regimes constructed by the elites; most importantly, it tests the socialising experiences of nationalism among young Chinese from different educational and media backgrounds.

The Ethical and Unethical Behaviors That Women Volleyball Players Observed on Their Coaches

The aim of this study; It was conducted to determine the level of compliance of their trainers with professional ethical and unethical behaviors by evaluating the licensed and licensed female volleyball players in the 2019-2020 season within the body of the Turkish Volleyball Federation. Methods: The universe of our study consists of 960 female athletes in the TVF Women's 2nd League. The sample of our study consisted of 287 female athletes who participated in our study on a voluntary basis. In our study, the measurement tool "The level of compliance of the coaches with the professional ethics of coaching" developed by (Özbek, 2019) was used. In addition, a personal information form for the athletes was also applied. The obtained data were analyzed by the SPSS 27.0 package program. Since the data did not meet the normal distribution condition, the comparison of two independent groups was made with the Mann Whitney U test, and the independent multiple group comparisons were made with the Kruskal Wallis tests. Correlation analysis was used to determine the direction and degree of the relationship between the sub-dimensions of the scale. Results and Conclusion: As a result, it is seen that there is a significant difference between the sub-dimensions of the views of the athletes about the coaching profession ethics. It has been concluded that there is a significant difference in their opinions regarding the level of compliance with the professional ethics of coaching according to the variable of age, marital status, and the year of doing sports. It has been concluded that there is a significant difference in terms of professionalism, respect, responsibility, tolerance and scale in terms of the level of compliance with the professional ethics of coaching of the athletes about their coaches (p>0.05). The marital status, department graduated, income level, age and sports of the athletes. It is seen that there is a significant difference between the year of construction variables (p <0.05). Keywords: Coach, Ethics, Volleyball.

The EFFECT OF JUMP TO BOX EXERCISES AS HIGH 30 CM AND 40 CM ON THE LEG MUSCLES POWER VOLLEYBALL PLAYERS GOVITA SEMARANG

The purpose of this study: 1) To find out the effect of jump to box exercise as high 30 cm on leg muscle power of Govita Volleyball Players Semarang, 2) To find out the effect of jump to box exercise as high 40 cm on leg muscle power of Govita Volleyball Players Semarang, 3) To find out the difference effect of jump to box exercise as high 30 cm and 40 cm on leg muscle power of Govita Semarang Volleyball Player. This research is using 16 women volleyball players Govita Semarang with range on age 13-15 years to be sample. The research design using a match subject design, the group division using the subject matched ordinal pairing formula A-B-B-A. Test instrument used a vertical jump test with a vertical board. Data analysis use a pair sample t-test to test the hypothesis. The results of this study: 1) There have an effect of jump to box exercise as high 30 cm on leg muscle power of Govita Semarang Volleyball Player with the result tcount (3,989) > ttable (2,364), 2) There have an effect of jump to box exercise as high 40 cm on leg muscle power of the Govita Semarang Volleyball Player with the result tcount (4,518) > ttable (2,364) , 3) Both result have same effect of leg muscle power of the Govita Volleyball Players Semarang, with difference result tcount (1,432) < ttable (2,364). The conclusions are: 1) There have an effect of 30 cm high jump to box exercise on leg muscle power of Govita Volleyball players in Semarang, 2) There have an effect of 40 cm high jump to box exercise on the leg muscle power of the Govita Volleyball players in Semarang, 3) Both exercises have the same effect on the results of the leg muscle power of the Govita Volleyball players in Semarang. For the future researchers who isinterested to do the same research, they can adding a control group comparison.

Nutritional Status Assessment of West Java Athletes: A Preliminary Studies

The nutritional adequacy of athletes is one of the important factors that support sports performance. The fulfillment of proper nutrition based on the individual athlete's needs is the main prerequisite for health, physical fitness, and sports performance, especially during an undergoing competition. This study aims to see the nutritional adequacy and anthropometric conditions of athletes from various sports. The subjects are West Java athletes who are undergoing the initial training program held by Indonesia National Sports Committee. This research is a preliminary assessment, and it was expected as a reference in the general preparation stage of a training center program for the next 6 months. The anthropometric data were collected using the Omron HBF 375 Karada Scan Body Composition Monitor and Stadiometer, while the data collection on the adequacy of energy and nutrients used the 24-hour Food Recall. The results showed that most athletes had a nutritional status of obesity due to restrictions on exercise activities during the Covid-19 pandemic. 17.4% of athletes had an obesity category, had 18.78% of athletes had normal muscle mass. Meanwhile, women's volleyball is classified as low. The level of energy sufficiency in women's handball, women's softball, and men's bodybuilding have exceeded the level of daily energy requirement. An athlete nutrition assistance is needed based on the type of sport and individual needs.

Quantifying External Load and Injury Occurrence in Women's Collegiate Volleyball Players Across a Competitive Season.

Taylor, JB, Barnes, HC, Gombatto, SP, Greenwood, D, and Ford, KR. Quantifying external load and injury occurrence in women's collegiate volleyball players across a competitive season. J Strength Cond Res 36(3): 805-812, 2022-Volleyball demands repetitive jumping, with high loads linked to risk of injury. The purpose of this study was to examine jumping demands and injury patterns throughout a women's volleyball season. Sixteen Division-I female volleyball players wore an accelerometer to record jump count (JC) and jump height during every practice and match throughout the season. Physical health was documented using a weekly modified Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center Overuse Injury Questionnaire (OSLO) and time-loss injuries were recorded. Multivariate analyses of variance were used to compare measures across phases of the season, between types of session (practice vs. match), and between injured and noninjured players (α = 0.05). Results showed the greatest training demands in the preseason with larger jump counts than during the nonconference, conference schedule, and postseason schedules (p < 0.001). Performance increased throughout the season with greater jump heights in the nonconference and conference schedule than in the preseason (p = 0.01). There were no significant differences in JC between practices (65.5 ± 30.5) and matches (67.5 ± 46.4). An injury incidence of 5.49 injures per 1,000 athletic exposures was identified, with injuries accounting for 31 days lost, or 2.1% of total exposures. Injuries affected performance throughout the season, as noted by an average weekly OSLO score of 15.1 ± 13.9%. Injured players had significantly lower jump counts per exposure (p = 0.03) and a larger variation in training load than uninjured players (coefficient of variation: injured = 54%, uninjured = 41%; p = 0.006). These data help provide coaches and clinicians for training and rehabilitation program designs.

The relevance of physical conditions to team performance: A case study of PORPROV women's volleyball athletes in Banyumas regency

This descriptive research aims to reveal the physical condition of volleyball female athletes in Banyumas Regency and to examine the physical conditions of athletes such as, components of endurance, explosive power, agility, strength, flexibility, speed, and coordination as well as knowing the relevance of the results of those physical conditions with team performance. 6 athletes were involved in this research as the sample. Data include the results are as follows: 1.) The speed test which got an average result of 30 meters sprint run: 5.37 in perfect category, 2.) The flexibility test which got an average sit and reach: 15.26 in the poor category, 3.) The coordination test which scored the average results of throwing and catching tennis balls: 20.16 in the poor category, 4.) The abdominal strength test (abdominal muscles) which scored the average sit up results: 34.33 in good category, 5.) The upper determinant strength test (arm muscles) got an average push up result: 20.83 in a good category, 6.) The explosive power test which scored an average vertical jump: 37.33 in the poor category, 7.) The agility test which scored an average shuttle run result: 13.71 in very good category, 8.) The endurance test which scored an average run result of 1600 M: 11.15 in the very good category. According to the test results, the physical condition of the women's volleyball PORPROV athletes in Banyumas Regency is quite proficient, but there are still some components of physical condition that resulted poorly such as flexibility, coordination, explosive power and endurance. Four components possessed significant relevance to team performance and techniques in volleyball such as serve, smash, block, and dig, so that they can affect the team's performance in a match.

The Practical Significance of Zhu Ting as China's First Female Olympic Flag-bearer

On the eve of the Tokyo Olympics, Zhu Ting was appointed by the Chinese Olympic delegation as one of the flag bearers for the opening ceremony. This is the first female athlete in the history of the Chinese Olympics to serve as the flag bearer for the opening ceremony. It is of great significance. Women's volleyball is the only group event of China's three major balls that has won an Olympic championship. The spirit of women's volleyball represented by it is a full manifestation of the Chinese national sports spirit and the sports spirit of the new era. The flag bearer at the opening ceremony represented the image of the country and showed the spirit of the country. Zhu Ting became the first Chinese Olympic flag bearer, not only promote the Olympic concept of equality between men and women, but also interpret the image of the new women's volleyball team that is united and tolerant. It has also become an important history node in enhancing the voice of Chinese female athletes.

The relationship between the change of trunk muscle thickness and landing technique in women volleyball players with Jumper’s knee

This study aimed to discuss the relationship between the change of trunk muscle thickness and the stability of landing movement of volleyball players with jumper’s knee. We studied a total of 14 women volleyball players. They were classified into the JK group consisting of 7 players with jumper’s knee and the CON group consisting of 7 players without jumper’s knee. We measured the transverse abdominis (TrA), internal oblique (IO), and external oblique (EO) both at rest and in the plank position (PL) of the subjects, and figured out change rates of their muscle thicknesses by dividing the muscle thickness in the plank position by that at rest. We also measured flexion angle of trunk, hip, and knee at landing. We found that change rates of IO were significantly lower in the JK group than in the CON group (p<0.01), and that flexion angles of trunk was significantly greater in the JK group than in the CON group (p<0.01). In conclusion, our study clarified that players in the JK group have a lower change rate of trunk muscle contraction and increase the flexion angle. It also clarified that they make a compensatory movement by flexing knee joint and body truck to reduce the burden on knee joint.

PENGARUH VARIASI LATIHAN PASSING BAWAH DENGAN MODEL HURUF TERHADAP HASIL PASSING BAWAH BOLA VOLI PUTRI KLUB TVRI MEDAN TAHUN 2021

This study aims to determine whether the variation of under passing with the letter model can improve the results of under-passing in the Medan TVRI club volleyball athletes in 2020, the exercise of the under-passing variation with the letter model is an exercise that can help improve the under-passing technique in the game.. test after the end of the workout in the last week. Hypothesis analysis, namely, the effect of the variation of the under-passing training with the letter model on the under-passing of volleyball athletes of the Medan TVri club female athletes in 2021, obtained a Thitung hypothesis test of 3,35 Furthermore, compared with the t table with dk = n-1 = 10-1 = 9 at the significant level α = 0.05 = 2.26. In the hypothesis testing criteria it is stated that at tcount&gt; ttable (3,25&gt; 2.26) with α = 0.05 then Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. So it can be concluded that there is a significant effect of under-wall passing practice on under-passing with variations of volleyball letters in women's volleyball athletes at the Medan TVRI club in 2021.

Design and Validation of Functional Cardiorespiratory Exercise Field Tests in Women Volleyball Players: A Pilot Study

Background: Volleyball requires high anaerobic and aerobic capacity, so to evaluate this important issue, there are various tests such as Bruce maximal test. There is no standard field test to measure cardiovascular function for women volleyball according to exercise mode. Objectives: This study aimed to design and validation of functional cardiorespiratory exercise field tests in women volleyball players. Methods: In a diagnostic value study, 64 competitive female volleyball players with three years of playing experience (Age: 27 ± 6) were voluntarily selected from Tehran’s first division league. To evaluate VO2max, the Bruce test and the newly designed test, which was fully explained in the methodology section, were used. Data were analyzed using the ROC curve test. Results: The results showed that the area under the curve exceeded 0.71%, and the sensitivity and specificity values were 70.8% and 75%, respectively. The PPV obtained in this study was 89.5, and also the NPV values were 46.2, indicating relatively good reliability for screening. Conclusions: The present study shows that the newly designed test for women volleyball players, which uses a special exercise mode in modeled volleyball, has relatively good reliability. This test may be used as an efficient and inexpensive field test to measure the VO2max in women volleyball players.

Quantification of Workload and Wellness Measures in a Women's Collegiate Volleyball Season.

The purpose of this paper was to quantify internal and external loads completed by collegiate volleyball athletes during a competitive season. Eleven players were sampled (using accelerometers and subjective wellness surveys) during the practice (n = 55) and game (n = 30) sessions over the 2019 season. Longitudinal data were evaluated for trends across the preseason, non-conference play, and conference play periods. Data were also analyzed with respect to positional groups. Longitudinal analysis of accelerometer data showed higher workload demand during practices than games. Positional group differences were most when evaluating jump count and height. Setters accrued over twice as many jumps in a practice than during a game and had similar overall jump counts in practice to attacking positions. Average team wellness values varied with time in the season, especially during times of congested travel. This is the first study to look at both game and practice workload and wellness measures in collegiate women's volleyball. The results suggest athlete monitoring can be used to understand the demands of volleyball and used in the future to enhance practice and recovery day design to optimize athlete well-being.

Fitness Testing Frequency Differs Between Sexes And Across Sports In A Division 1 Athletics Program

In college athletics programs, individual sports differ widely in resources, attendance, and publicity. Few investigations have examined whether these inter-sport differences influence the individual attention athletes receive by strength trainers and coaching staff. PURPOSE: To examine if athletes across diverse sports in a Division 1 athletics program experience comparable fitness testing. METHODS: We tracked comprehensive fitness assessments undergone by 114 Division 1 collegiate athletes representing 6 men's sports (baseball, basketball, soccer, swimming, tennis, and water polo) and 7 women's sports (basketball, field hockey, soccer, swimming, track and field, volleyball, and water polo). Independent-samples t-tests, chi-squared tests, logistic regression, and one-way ANOVA were used, as appropriate, to compare testing frequencies between men and women and across sports. RESULTS: Men (n = 82) were 19.9 ± 1.4 years old; women (n = 32) were 20.1 ± 1.7 years old (p = 0.696); age was unrelated to testing frequency (p = 0.569). Most fitness assessments (71.9%) occurred during fall semester; there was no difference between sexes in time of testing (p = 0.351); a difference was observed between sports (p < 0.001) with testing dates tracking each sport's season of participation. A single fitness evaluation was experienced by 50.0% of all athletes, the maximum number of testing dates by a single athlete was 32, and the mean number was 3.4 ± 4.6. Men were tested 3.9 ± 5.1 times; women were tested 2.1 ± 2.6 times (p = 0.014). 55.4% of men underwent multiple testing dates compared to 35.5% of women (p = 0.058). Logistic regression, holding sex and sport constant, found each additional inch of height to predict a 12.4% increase in the odds of undergoing multiple tests (p = 0.044; 95% CI of OR: 1.003 to 1.259). One-way ANOVA revealed a difference in testing frequencies between sports (p < 0.001): men's tennis (10.4 ± 8.6), men's basketball (5.0 ± 2.2), and women's volleyball (4.1 ± 8.3) had the most frequently evaluated athletes. CONCLUSIONS: The variance in attention received by collegiate athletes is multifactorial. Some factors that emerged in this study were sex of the athlete and sport the athlete plays. Inconsistency in team fitness assessment may demonstrate performance priorities in collegiate athletic programs.

The Differences of Technical Elements between European National Volleyball Men and Women Teams and Their Impact in Predicting the Match Winners

The purpose of this study was to identify the technical volleyball elements participating and contributing to the victory in the qualifying matches for the 2021 CEV European Men's and Women's Championship and lead to the best scoring position and qualification to the final stage. The sample consisted of the matches of the 8 teams (4 Men and 4 Women) who participated in the qualifying matches for the European Men's and Women's Championships Confédération Européenne de Volleyball (CEV) 2021. The data was analyzed using the official software of the European Confederation (CEV) (Data Volley 2 Professional). The data was then further analyzed using the SPSS 21.0 statistical package with the help of descriptive statistical analysis. Statistically significant differences were found between the teams that won and qualified for the European Championship of CEV 2021 in ‘‘reception error’’ and ‘‘attack error’’ and between the men's and women's volleyball teams in service error attack points. In addition, based on the results of this study, all coaches should focus and organize training with exercises related to these technical skills that lead to victory and qualification to improve the ability of their players to win the matches.

Monitoring training in women's volleyball: Supine or seated heart rate variability?

We aimed to examine changes in resting heart rate variability, submaximal exercising heart rate (HRex), countermovement-jump height (CMJ), perceptual wellbeing, and internal load throughout preparatory training in elite women's volleyball players. We also aimed to determine which HRV measurement position (supine vs. seated) provided greater associations with the various markers of training adaptation. Thirteen players (age = 25.8 ± 3.0 years, height = 178.1 ± 6.7 cm, weight = 69.7 ± 7.6 kg) were monitored throughout four successive training camps preceding the Asia Cup. Daily measures of the root-mean square of successive differences were used to calculate the mean (LnRMSSDM) and coefficient of variation (LnRMSSDCV) for each camp. Averages were also determined for Hooper's Index and session ratings of perceived exertion (sRPE). HRex and CMJ were tested at the start of each camp. RESULTS: Seated LnRMSSDCV, HRex, CMJ, and sRPE increased at camp 3 (p < 0.05), then reverted to values similar to camp 2. Changes in seated LnRMSSDM were associated with changes in HRex (r = -0.68 to -0.71, p < 0.05). Occasional associations (p < 0.05) were observed between LnRMSSDCV and Hooper's Index (r = 0.59) and CMJ (r = -0.57), and changes in HRex (r = 0.69) and HRR (r = -0.62). CONCLUSIONS: A reduced cardiorespiratory response to a standardized submaximal workload was associated with increased seated LnRMSSDM. Higher seated LnRMSSDCV was observed in response to increased sRPE and was often associated with decrements in various status markers. Seated LnRMSSD provided more associations with indicators of training adaptation than supine measures.