Women In Research Research Articles

Why Aren’t We There Yet? The Status of Research in Women’s Career Development

The career development of women has been a longstanding topic of inquiry in vocational psychology. Two previous major reviews in this area consistently identified that women tend to experience more career barriers than men. This major contribution sought to extend this work by providing a third systematic review of the literature on women’s career development. We focused our review explicitly on the experiences of women rather than women compared to men. We seek to answer the question that has been asked for 50 years: Do we need a separate theory of women’s career development? Our findings suggest that women experience several barriers at various stages during the trajectory of their careers. We make the case that perceptions of career barriers are an integral construct to women’s career experiences and theoretical prepositions in vocational psychology should explicitly capture this construct in future investigations. We discuss implications for practice, training, and education.

Women Researchers at the Forefront of Crystal Engineering

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEEditorialNEXTWomen Researchers at the Forefront of Crystal EngineeringSonja KraneSonja KraneMore by Sonja Kranehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6525-8067, Jennifer HiscockJennifer HiscockMore by Jennifer Hiscockhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1406-8802, Kathryn PreussKathryn PreussMore by Kathryn Preusshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2342-5346, and Jonathan W. Steed*Jonathan W. Steed*Email: [email protected]More by Jonathan W. Steedhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7466-7794Cite this: Cryst. Growth Des. 2023, 23, 6, 3917–3930Publication Date (Web):June 7, 2023Publication History Received18 May 2023Published online7 June 2023Published inissue 7 June 2023https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.cgd.3c00609Copyright © Published 2023 by American Chemical SocietyRIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views-Altmetric-Citations-LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (2 MB) Get e-AlertscloseSUBJECTS:Crystal engineering,Crystal structure,Crystallization,Crystals,Materials Get e-Alerts

Empowerment of Women: A Critical Bibleometric Analysis in International Scenario towards Economic Developmenmt

Gender equality and sustainability require women's empowerment. Government institutions, NGOs, and international organizations have empowered women over time. Despite improvements, women still struggle with education, healthcare, income, and political representation. This Scopus-based report examines women's empowerment research. 476 2004–2023 studies were bibliometrically analyzed using VOSviewer software.The survey found that women's empowerment encompasses economic, political, social, and legal dimensions. Economic empowerment—women's access to resources, jobs, and entrepreneurship—has been the most studied topic. Political empowerment has gotten less emphasis than women's participation in decision-making and political institutions.The data also demonstrated a regional imbalance in women's empowerment studies. North America and Europe dominated the studies, whereas Africa and Asia were underrepresented. Researchers have used feminist, capacity, and social exchange theories to investigate women's empowerment.The study suggests greater research on women's empowerment, notably in political involvement, social empowerment, and legal empowerment. More studies in underrepresented locations are needed to understand how context affects women's empowerment. Policymakers and development practitioners must consider this study's evidence-based recommendations to empower women worldwide.

An analysis of specific batting demands in the women's The Hundred competition.

No research has investigated the shortest format of the game of cricket, The Hundred competition. Furthermore, women's cricket research is particularly limited, with most focusing on injuries and little literature investigating specific batting demands. These demands are important if training programmes are to mimic the game's movement patterns. The purpose of this study was to analyse specific batting demands and variables associated with the women's The Hundred competition. Thirty-one matches from the Women's 2021 The Hundred competition were analysed using Hudl Sportscode Elite. Variables analysed included: bowler type (seam or spin), free hits, no ball runs, reason for no ball (height/wide/front foot), run scored (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6), type of key event (fall of wicket, bowling referral, batting referral, umpire referral, bowling time out, rain delay, or injury) as well as time between deliveries and sets, overall and between the power play and non-power play. A total of 6073 deliveries were analysed. A significant difference (p<0.05) was observed for time between deliveries for spin bowlers (26.90±22.16 s) compared to seam bowlers(31.70±20.37 s) as well as time between sets for the power play (58.00±13.28 s) and non-power play phases (63.70±42.00 s). Additionally, in the power play, most runs were made up of "1's" and "4's". In the non-power play phase, "1's" made up the biggest contribution of runs (as a percentage). The fact that singles make up a significant portion of a typical match means that strength and conditioning coaches should incorporate high-intensity sprint-type training into training programmes to mimic these demands.

Gender Differences in Research Productivity of Academic Physicians Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Objective: The gendered impact of the COVID-19 on scientific productivity has been primarily studied in nonclinical academic fields. We investigated the gendered effect of the pandemic on diverse measures of research participation among physician faculty, who experienced an increase in clinical duties concomitant with pandemic-era challenges to research. Materials and Methods: Physician faculty employed in both 2019 (prepandemic) and 2021 (pandemic era) were identified at one U.S. medical school. Annual outcomes included scientific publications, Institutional Review Board (IRB)-approved protocols, and extramural funding submissions (funding data were unavailable for 2019). Mixed-effects Poisson regression models compared the pandemic impact by gender. Results: The study included 105 women and 116 men, contributing to 122 publications, 214 IRB protocols, and 99 extramural funding applications. Controlling for potential confounders such as faculty rank and track (tenure vs. nontenure), women's publication count increased by 140% during the pandemic (95% confidence interval [CI]: +40% to +310%, p = 0.001) but was unchanged among men (95% CI: -30% to +50%; p > 0.999). The number of IRB protocols decreased from 2019 to 2021, but to a greater extent among men than women. In 2021, there was no gender difference in the number of extramural funding submissions. Conclusions: Among physician faculty at our medical school, women achieved parity with men on multiple measures of scholarly activity, and women's research productivity outpaced that of men in the same faculty track and rank. Targeted initiatives to support research among women faculty, junior investigators, and clinical investigators may have helped avert exacerbation of prepandemic gender disparities in research participation.

The evolution of women ophthalmologists in India.

The evolution of women ophthalmologists in India.

Topic choice, gendered language, and the under-funding of female scholars in mission-oriented research

We investigate the participation of male and female applicants to a competition for research funding, using an original dataset with detailed information on both successful and unsuccessful applicants to 21 calls by a mission-oriented funding agency. We use this information to construct a fictitious pool of 277,464 potential applicants and to model their probability to submit an application. We find that, even after controlling for productivity, quality of research, seniority, years of career discontinuity, number of prior applications, affiliation, and ethnicity, women were still less likely to apply than men. The lower likelihood of females to apply was not explained by the use of masculine language in the text of the calls. Instead, women's research interests were more distant from the topics of the calls than men's. Topic proximity fully mediated female penalization in the likelihood to apply for research funding. These results are an important heads-up, in view of the increasing focus of governments in mission-oriented programs.

As Knowers and Narrators

Abstract Expanded feminist narratives on the girl child have paid little attention to how young girls have become agents of their own change and sharers of their own knowledge. In this study, we spotlight girls’ agency reinforced by institutions that transform them from recipient to agents of change and resilience. In this qualitative study, we deploy critical analysis and reflective argumentation to underscore how Women's Research and Documentation Center (WORDOC) of the Institute of African Studies University of Ibadan provided Do-It-Yourself (DIY) tactics to girls aged 10 to 18 between 2018 and 2019 at its annual WORDOC Girls’ Summit. We explore a version of African girlhood aimed at presenting institutional impacts that offer platforms for girls’ self-empowerment and girl-agency in Nigeria.

The Effect of Active and Passive Maternal Smoking During Pregnancy on the Uterine Artery Blood Flow and Obstetric Outcomes: A Prospective Study.

Maternal smoking is associated with an increased risk of obstetric and neonatal complications during pregnancy. We aimed to investigate the effects of active and passive smoking on fetal-maternal blood flow and fetal complications in mid-trimester pregnant women. This prospective study was conducted at Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Research and Training Hospital and included women who were 20 to 22 weeks old, with no fetal anomalies, and with a singleton pregnancy. The data used in the analysis were obtained from a total of 168 pregnant women (50 smokers, 50 passive smokers, and 68 non-smokers). Starting from their 20th week of pregnancy, the women were examined at least once in each trimester. Fetal and maternal pregnancy results were evaluated. Fetal biometry, umbilical, and uterine artery Doppler ultrasonography were performed. To evaluate the flow in these veins, the pulsatility index, resistance index, and systole/diastole (S/D) ratio were performed. The mean age of study patients was 25.06 ± 4.36 years and the mean gestational week was 20.03 ± 0.6 weeks. In terms of the umbilical artery pulsatility index (UMBAPI), umbilical artery systolic/diastolic ratio (UMBAS/D),uterine artery resistance index (UARI), uterine artery pulsatility index (UAPI), and uterine artery systolic/diastolic ratio (UAS/D) levels, the mean value of the smoker group was significantly higher compared to the non-smoker group (p<0.001, p=0.043, p=0.021, p=0.020, and p=0.037, respectively). The birth weight of the fetus was significantly lower in the active and passive smoker groups than in the non-smoker group (p=0.009 and p=0.006, respectively). The number of patients diagnosed with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and oligohydramnios were significantly higher in the smoker group than in the passive smoker and non-smoker groups (p=0.003 and p<0.001, respectively). The risk of low birth weight (OR, (95% CI): 3.38 (2.05 - 5.57); p=0.024), oligohydramnios (OR (95% CI): 13.44 (5.22 - 34.57); p=0.001), IUGR (OR (95% CI): 9.33 (4.50 - 19.33); p=0.001), and preterm birth (OR (95% CI): 4.56 (1.25 - 17.32); p=0.001) increased significantly in the active and passive cigarette exposure groups, compared to the non-smokers. During pregnancy, both smoking and passive exposure to cigarette smoke adversely affect the fetus and the newborn. Uterine and umbilical artery Doppler measurements in pregnant women who smoke are significantly higher than the pregnant women who do not smoke.

Women entrepreneurs in India: a systematic literature review

PurposeThis paper aims to organize the existing empirical research on women entrepreneurs (WEs) in India, highlight the research areas that have not received attention and present opportunities for future research.Design/methodology/approachA systematic literature review (SLR) was performed on 74 scholarly articles focusing on WEs in India and published between 1993 and 2020. This review is structured around the 4W framework used in previous SLRs. The review is directed by the following foci: what do we know about academic research on WEs in India? How were these studies conducted? Where were these studies conducted? Why should academicians and practitioners consider WE research?FindingsThe authors arrived at four main themes underlying the empirical research on WEs: success factors for WEs, challenges faced by WEs, factors that attract and motivate WEs and performance measures for WEs. While challenges and success factors have received attention from researchers, there is a distinct lack of papers on factors that attract or motivate WE and performance measures. The main gaps identified were a lack of theoretical basis in studies, reliance on interview and survey-based methodology and a lack of context-specific studies.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings of this review are limited to WEs operating in India. Only Scopus-indexed journals listed in the Australian Business Dean's Council Journal Quality List (ABDC JQL) were included in the final SLR list.Originality/valueThis is one of the first studies to use a systematic approach to provide a detailed account of the state of the literature on women's entrepreneurship research in India.

Editorial introductions.

Editorial introductions.

New Name, New Format!

New Name, New Format!

The Asia-Pacific Gynecologic Oncology Trials Group (APGOT): building a Pan-Asian and Oceania women's cancer research organization.

The Asia-Pacific Gynecologic Oncology Trials Group (APGOT): building a Pan-Asian and Oceania women's cancer research organization.

Validation of bladder health scales and function indices for women’s research

Existing bladder-specific measures lack the ability to assess the full range of bladder health, from poor to optimal health. This study aimed to report evidence of validity of the self-administered, multidimensional bladder health scales and function indices for research in adult women. A cross-sectional population-based validation study with random assignment to paper or electronic administration was conducted using national address-based probability sampling supplemented by purposive sampling of women with lower urinary tract symptoms in 7 clinical research centers. Construct validity of the bladder health scales and function indices was guided by a multitrait-multimethod approach using health and condition-specific questionnaires, bladder diaries, expert ratings of bladder health, and noninvasive bladder function testing. Internal dimensional validity was evaluated using factor analysis; internal reliability was assessed using paired t-tests and 2-way mixed-effects intraclass correlation coefficient models. Chi-square, Fisher exact, or t-tests were used for mode comparisons. Convergent validity was evaluated using Pearson correlations with the external construct measures, and known-group validity was established with comparison of women known and unknown to be symptomatic of urinary conditions. The sample included 1072 participants. Factor analysis identified 10 scales, with Cronbach's alpha ranging from 0.74 to 0.94. Intraclass correlation coefficients of scales ranged from 0.55 to 0.94. Convergent validity of the 10 scales and 6 indices ranged from 0.52 to 0.83. Known-group validity was confirmed for all scales and indices. Item distribution was similar by mode of administration. The paper and electronic forms of the bladder health scales and function indices are reliable and valid measures of bladder health for use in women's health research.

Women entrepreneurship: A sentiment analysis

Purpose – This study aims to determine the sentiment towards women's entrepreneurship development in the last 32 years, from 1987 to 2019Methodology – The method used is descriptive statistical analysis combined with meta-analysis and sentiment from secondary data in metadata from 98 Scopus indexed publications, then processed using Microsoft Excel 2019 and SentiStrength software.Findings – The sentiment analysis results show that the expert opinions on the development of women's entrepreneurship are diverse, with positive sentiment at 30.6%, negative sentiment at 30.6%, and neutral sentiment at 38.8%. Based on the study results, it was found that there had been a rise in the study on the topic of developing women's entrepreneurship in the scholarly literature. Implications – These results can be used as illustrations to provide education and literacy about existing barriers to women's entrepreneurship. A strong commitment from a variety of stakeholders, including interested parties such as policymakers and the government, hoped to play a critical role in supporting and strengthening the women entrepreneurship ecosystem to advance economic empowerment by advancing innovation in tandem with the advancement of digitalization in the form of digital technology, improving the education system and employment practices can maximize the potential of female entrepreneurs, resulting in positive outcomes such as job creation and increased welfare, as well as assisting the United Nations in implementing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).Originality – There are no papers discussing the evolution of global views of interest in women's entrepreneurship research using the sentiment method. Therefore, this paper is among the first.

Introduction

Introduction Rachel Rojanski (bio) and Bat-Sheva Margalit Stern (bio) New perspectives on women in Israeli society, the first special issue of the journal Israel Studies dedicated to women's issues, reflects how the study of women in Israel has developed in recent years. In order to understand these changes and how they have shaped this collection, it is important to begin by looking back at them. Sixteen years ago, in January 2006, Cathedra, the Hebrew-language journal for the history of Eretz Israel and the Yishuv, published an issue dedicated to women.1 In her introductory essay, sociologist Deborah Bernstein2 reviewed the development of gender research in Israel. She pointed to a 1979 article by historian Margalit Shilo on the women's agricultural training farm at Kinneret,3 the first academic article to use gender in its analysis4 and deal with the problems and experiences of women as a separate group in pre-state Israel. "Shilo," Bernstein wrote, "took a term from the historical discourse of that time and discussed it using the terminology and insights of feminist historical writing as it had started to evolve in those days."5 Shilo's article was followed by the studies of Bernstein herself and Dafna Izraeli, another prominent sociologist who expanded the academic discourse on the Women's Workers Movement and working women in pre-state Israel (both organized and un-organized).6 "This was the beginning" Bernstein concludes, "of the historical and sociological writing on women in pre-state Israel."7 All five articles in that issue of Cathedra were historical in nature. The historical emphasis could already be seen in an extensive collection of articles on gender issues in Israel titled Jewish Women in the Yishuv and Zionism—A Gender Perspective [Hebrew] published in 2001, five years before the issue of Cathedra.8 The book, which contained 24 articles in 6 sections on various aspects of women's lives was compiled by editors from three different disciplines: history, historical geography, and folklore. Yet although the editors emphasized the multidisciplinary nature of the volume, the vast majority of articles were historical in nature and [End Page 1] only a few treated women in literature and the arts. The opening section, "Constructing the Historical Narrative," included three articles, one by Bernstein about the study of women in Israeli historiography,9 another by Henriette Dahan Kalev on Mizrahi Women10 and a third by Yossi Ben-Artzi, with a title that was put as a question: "Have Gender Studies Changed Our Attitude towards the Historiography of Aliyah and the Settlement Process?11 Ben-Artzi's 2001 question was given pride of place as the opening essay of yet another volume on women and gender, a two-volume collection of articles published in 2011 by Iyunim, a Multidisciplinary Periodical for the Study of Israel under the title Gender in Israel [Hebrew].12 In answer to Ben-Artzi editors Margalit Shilo and Gideon Katz asserted that attitudes towards gender issues in general and women's issues in particular had indeed changed significantly. Their goal in the volume, they said, was to present a better understanding of these new perspectives through the gendered approach of the articles they published dealing with both the period of the mandate and the State of Israel.13 c of the articles in their edited volume were based on historical research (including art history, the history of medicine etc.), a few of them, especially among those dealing with the State of Israel, came from the social sciences or legal sciences. Three years later, in 2014, Shilo published a comprehensive article on the development of the study of gender in the historical research of pre-state Israel. In her article, (Hebrew), "Women, Gender and the History of the Yishuv: Goals and Accomplishments"14 Shilo surveyed the development of the field as a "branch of historical research" in Israel as well as in the U.S. She also pointed to an important development that was occurring in the 21st century, namely, that historical methodology itself was undergoing significant changes "some of which are inspired by theories and methodologies taken from gender and women's research. … Moreover, following...

TriService Nursing Research Program: A critical component to support military nursing science

TriService Nursing Research Program: A critical component to support military nursing science

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)-Related Stress and Menstrual Changes.

To evaluate how stress related to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected women's menstrual cycles. We hypothesized that women with high levels of COVID-19-related stress would have more menstrual changes compared with those with lower levels of stress. Using a cross-sectional study design, we recruited a representative sample of U.S. adult women of reproductive age (18-45 years) using nonhormonal birth control to participate in an online REDCap (Research Electronic Data Capture, Vanderbilt University) survey. COVID-19-related stress was assessed with the PSS-10-C (COVID-19 Pandemic-related Perceived Stress Scale) and dichotomized as low stress (scores lower than 25) and high stress (scores 25 or higher). Self-reported menstrual outcomes were identified as changes in cycle length, duration, or flow and increased frequency of spotting between cycles. We used χ 2 and Fisher exact tests to compare differences in outcome between the two stress groups and logistic regression models for effect estimates. A total of 354 women of reproductive age across the United States completed both the menstrual and COVID-19-related stress components of our survey. More than half of these women reported at least one change in their menstrual cycles since the start of the pandemic (n=191), and 10.5% reported high COVID-19-related stress (n=37). Compared with those with low COVID-19-related stress, a greater proportion of women with high COVID-19-related stress reported changes in cycle length (shorter or longer; P =.008), changes in period duration (shorter or longer; P <.001), heavier menstrual flow ( P =.035), and increased frequency of spotting between cycles ( P =.006) compared with prepandemic times. After adjusting for age, smoking history, obesity, education, and mental health history, high COVID-19-related stress was associated with increased odds of changes in menstrual cycle length (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.32; 95% CI 1.12-4.85), duration (aOR 2.38; 95% CI 1.14-4.98), and spotting (aOR 2.32; 95% CI 1.03-5.22). Our data also demonstrated a nonsignificant trend of heavier menstrual flow among women with high COVID-19-related stress (aOR 1.61; 95% CI 0.77-3.34). High COVID-19-related stress is associated with significant changes in menstrual cycle length, alterations in period duration, and increased intermenstrual spotting as compared with before the pandemic. Given that menstrual health is frequently an indicator of women's overall well-being, clinicians, researchers, and public health officials must consider the association between COVID-19-related stress and menstrual disturbances.

Epidural anesthesia during childbirth - retrospective analysis of maternal and neonatal results.

In Poland, in accordance with applicable regulations, every woman should have access to epidural anesthesia. The advantage of this type of analgesia is primarily analgesic effectiveness. The aim of the study is to identify variables related to epidural anesthesia and to verify the relationship between them and the occurrence of perinatal complications in the mother and the child. This was a single-center retrospective cohort study. Electronic documentation of patients of the Hospital of St. Sofia in Warsaw was used to create an anonymous retrospective database of all births in the years 2015-2020. 27,340 cases were qualified for the analysis. The logistic regression model showed that the risk of episiotomy (OR = 5.539; CI = 5.169-5.935) increases more than fivefold and perineal laceration (OR = 2.190; CI= 2.036-2.356) increases twice in the case of epidural anesthesia application. There is also an increased risk of operative delivery (OR = 2.668; CI = 2.255-3.156), at the same time the risk of performing a cesarean section decreases more than fivefold (OR = 0.043; CI = 0.036-0.052). Epidural anesthesia affects the delivery mechanism leading to an increase in the number and intensity of additional medical procedures - episiotomy, perineal laceration, operative delivery. The rationale for the routine use of this method of anesthesia should be considered in the context of the implications for the woman's reproductive health and research on the effectiveness of other methods of birth anesthesia should be conducted.

Sex-related differences in health-care use in adult patients with inflammatory arthritis in Ontario, Canada: a population-based cohort study

<h2>Abstract</h2><h3>Background</h3> Timely access and appropriate use of health-care resources is crucial for the management of people with inflammatory arthritis. Sex (biological) and gender (sociocultural) are important health determinants that influence different aspects of care, such as referral to specialists, performance of diagnostic tests, continuity of care, and prescription patterns, which ultimately affect disease outcomes. We aimed to compare health-care use between males and females with inflammatory arthritis. <h3>Methods</h3> This population-based study was conducted using health administrative data of Ontario, Canada. We included Ontario residents aged 20 years or older with valid health insurance and diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and psoriatic arthritis using Ontario health administrative data (the Ontario Health Insurance Plan Claims Database). Sex (the primary predictor of this study) was coded as male or female in the database. Health-care use (the study outcome) was assessed at least once per year for 3 years before and after an inflammatory arthritis diagnosis and compared between males and females using regression models, after adjusting for demographics and comorbidities. Prescription dispensation was assessed at least once per year for 3 years after the diagnosis in individuals aged 66 years or older at the time of diagnosis. Results were expressed as female to male adjusted odds ratio (OR) with 95% CIs. <h3>Findings</h3> Between April 1, 2010, and March 31, 2017, 41 277 people with rheumatoid arthritis (28 575 [69%] females), 8150 with ankylosing spondylitis (4160 [51%] females), and 6446 with psoriatic arthritis (3483 [54%] females) were analysed. Males were significantly older (mean 60·4 years [SD 14·2]) than females (mean 57·1 years [15·2]) in the rheumatoid arthritis cohort. Across the cohorts, multimorbidity was more common in females (75–81% <i>vs</i> 58–66% in males) as was depression (8% <i>vs</i> 4%) and osteoporosis (4–5% <i>vs</i> 1%), whereas cardiovascular disease was more common in males (7–15% <i>vs</i> 4–7% in females). Females were more likely to visit family physicians (adjusted OR ranging from 1·10 [95% CI 1·05–1·15]; p<0·001 to 1·15 [1·04–1·28]; p<0·01) and rheumatologists (adjusted OR from 1·32 [1·22–1·43] to 2·28 [1·92–2·70]; p<0·001). Females also had higher odds for receiving imaging before a diagnosis in all 3 cohorts (adjusted OR from 1·15 [1·10–1·20] to 1·18 [1·12–1·23]; p<0·001 for x-rays and adjusted OR from 1·27 [1·09–1·48] to 1·44 [1·15–1·80]; p<0·01 for ultrasound examinations). Similarly, laboratory tests were more likely to be ordered for female patients before diagnosis than for males (adjusted OR from 1·10 [1·05–1·15] to 2·17 [1·89–2·50]; p<0·001) across all cohorts. These sex differences were most notable among people with rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis, and in the prediagnostic period. Males were more likely to visit the emergency department immediately before an inflammatory arthritis diagnosis (adjusted OR from 0·76 [95% CI 0·72–0·81]; p<0·001 to 0·87 [0·80–0·95]; p<0·01). After diagnosis, females were more likely to remain in rheumatology care (adjusted OR from 1·12 [1·01–1·25]; p=0·04 to 1·24 [1·19–1·30]; p<0·001). Prescription dispensation of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (adjusted OR 1·14 [1·04–1·25]; p<0·01) and opioids (adjusted OR 1·46 [1·27–1·68]; p<0·001) was higher in older females (aged 66 years or older) with rheumatoid arthritis and conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drug use was higher in older females with ankylosing spondylitis (adjusted OR 1·66 [1·24–2·22]; p<0·001). <h3>Interpretation</h3> Females with inflammatory arthritis are more likely to use health care than males, which might indicate sex-related biological differences in disease course or gender-related sociocultural differences in health-care access, health-care seeking behaviour or patient–provider interactions. <h3>Funding</h3> Enid Walker Graduate Student Award for Research in Women's Health (partial).