Participation Of Women In Governance Research Articles

Gender Balancing: A Study of Increasing Participation of Women in Governance

Gender Balancing: A Study of Increasing Participation of Women in Governance

The Role of Deliberate Inclusive Policy on Women Participation in Governance in Kogi State

In addition to meeting the Human Right requirements of the common laws of modern states, involvement of women in governance is very imperative to achieving sustainable peace, democracy, and development. However, this study is worried at the inertia of most countries in the developing world to demonstrate this commitment through convincing deliberate initiatives despite being signatories to several relevant global conventions and protocols. This study therefore examined the activities of Kogi State Government in terms of practical steps taken towards achieving inclusiveness of female gender in the planning and execution of policies in the last six years (2011-2021). While this study relied on both primary and secondary sources for generating the expected facts, Survey design was adopted for drawing the necessary data from the primary source while Systematic Random Sampling Technique was used to generate responses from the sampled population. To analyse the facts of the study, Likert's five-point rating scale was used. The study was able to establish the ecology of the Nigerian democracy and the inherent obstacles to the involvement of women in governance in Kogi State. It recommended more effective strategies for achieving genuine inclusive governance in Kogi State.

Gender Equality and Women Participation in Government: the case of Kazakhstan

Gender equality today is gaining all the relevance in the planning of the State program around the world. When planning government programs, they follow certain steps to achieve this goal. However, the goal of this system remains acute in many countries around the world. This article is devoted to the issue of gender policy in Kazakhstan. The article examined indicators such as women’s participation in leadership positions, employment in the labor market, education, the wage gap and how they participate in women’s participation in parliament. The participation of women in parliament was identified as one of the key factors in the development of gender equality. The article considered the theory of context. The results of the study confirmed the theory of context. To promote gender equality policies, the application of policies must be considered. The results showed that the wage gap and women’s participation in the labor market have a significant impact on women’s participation in parliament. The activity of women in education, that is, the increase in the number of women among students, however, did not have a significant impact on the participation of women in parliament. The SPSS program was used for the regression analysis. Also, a statistical analysis was carried out for a deeper study of the influence of factors on the activity of women in the state. The SPSS program was used for the regression analysis.

Representation and Participation of Women in Governance: A Step towards Women Empowerment in India

Representation and Participation of Women in Governance: A Step towards Women Empowerment in India

Patriarchy and the state of Women participation in Governance in Edo State of Nigeria.

Patriarchy and the state of Women participation in Governance in Edo State of Nigeria.

Improving Women Participation in Local Government in Ghana: An Empirical Study

Women involvement in decision making processes in governance for sustainable development is very critical, not only because they constitute majority of the Ghanaian population but they are discriminated and underrepresented in the socio-economic and political development activities thereby widening gender gap. This study sought to ascertain the factors responsible for low women participation in local government in Ghana. With a mixed method approach, this paper examines the underlining factor of low women participation in governance. With the feminism and notion of social gender perspective, inadequate financial resources, the perception of politics as a “dirty” game, lack of capacity and confidence on the part of women candidates among others were major factors affecting women participation in local government. To give women facelift in local government, the study recommended that government should pass a legislation aimed at reserving special quota for women and provision of special funds by NGO’s and philanthropists to support women candidates.

Women and Sustainable Development in Africa: Issues and Challenges from Nigeria

Globally, crave for sustainable development and increasing women participation in governance have been on unabated. This is premised on the belief that sustainable development is attainable where and when there is good governance and gender justice. Making use of library research and content analysis methodologies, the paper detailed in a systematic manner the missing link in sustainable development in Africa with particular emphasis on Nigeria. It analyses the current practice ofsextortion among the women in decision- making processes and leadership at the national, state and local levels and its impact on development. More so, the paper discusses the conditions that facilitate womens representation in decision-making processes within the context of the current socio-economic and political transformations. It also examines the linkages between womens presence in critical decision-making positions and sustainable development. The paper contends that most states in Africa are yet to attain development to be sustained. It blames the African leaders and the patriarchal states for the precarious pace at which the region develops. The paper concludes that sustainable development will remain a pie in the sky in Africa for as long as greed, self-centeredness and emperornic disposition of African leaders as well as mass poverty and infrastructural decay continue.

English

In the neo liberal order, gender equality discourse has had a renewed impetus following the post global gender summits and conventions inspired by options to enlarge the participation of women in governance and decision making processes such as the Beijing 35% affirmative action. However, decades on, institutionalizing gender equality in the periphery societies such as Africa has been elusive. This paper explores some prevailing dimensions of inequality and efforts at women emancipation and transformation to understand the verity of the summits and their resolutions. It deploys historical approach based on secondary data sources to provide brief genealogical mapping of some global gender conventions and summits namely; the first World Conference on Women held in Mexico City, 1975, the 1979 Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW), Second World Conference on Women held in Copenhagen 1980, World Conference to Review and Appraise the Achievements of the United Nations Decade for Women 1985, the Fourth World Conference on Women, held in Beijing in 1995, Goal three (3) of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) 2000 etc. Results from the findings suggest that women are still marginalised, evidences were provided within health, educational, cultural, political and socio-economic dimensions. The paper calls for mainstreaming gender in top political offices across Africa to redefine women’s status and force a concomitant transformation. Key words: Gender inequality, sustainable development, global gender summits/ conventions, Africa.

Gendering governance: the case of Mauritius

Purpose– The relationship between gender and governance is often neglected in both conceptual and empirical work. However, gender equality in the decision-making fora is vital, for enabling far-reaching social change and for empowering people excluded from decision making. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the participation of women in governance institutions in a small island economy like Mauritius. Though, there has been some progress in Mauritius in redressing the gender imbalance in national and local governance processes, more is still to be achieved. This paper analyses women participation in governance by using gender-sensitive governance indicators.Design/methodology/approach– Data were collected from different sources namely from the Mauritian Electoral Commissioner's Office, Statistics Mauritius, Mauritius Household Budget Surveys and the Ministry of Education and Human Resources. Data were also made available from the Global Gender Gap Report, 2012; the Global Parliamentary Report, 2012 and the SADC Gender Protocol Barometer, 2012. These data were used in the computation of gender-sensitive governance indicators used by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP, 2006). The indicators are the Global Gender Gap Index, the percentage of seats reserved in parliament for women, voter turnout among registered females and prevalence of women in poor districts.Findings– The paper argues that the overall gender gap index for Mauritius has increased over the years but the scores for economic participation and political attainment remain very low. In the economic sphere, the author note a rising female unemployment rate, though girls perform better than boys at all educational levels. Mauritius has been adept at the politics of recognition of different ethnic groups but this approach has not addressed the issue of women. The findings reveal that women are often excluded from decision making, from the household up to the highest levels of policymaking. The “invisibility” of women in parliament, is a concern and is “a grave democratic deficit” for the country (Sachs, 2001).Originality/value– No study has taken a gender perspective of governance issues in Mauritius. The author assess the importance of gender in a democratic country like Mauritius which has performed well on the economic front but gender is still too often ignored in governance and other spheres. There is thus a growing need for greater gender equality and participation of women in governance institutions and processes.

The need for participation of women in local governance: A Nigerian discourse

This paper seeks to examine studies on participation of women in governance as applicable to the local government levels in Nigeria. Again, it sets out to identify what propelled the quest for more women participation in governance. Examination of treatments given to women by both male and female counterparts is critically explored. The paper employed mainly secondary source of data collection. In its finding, it observed that there is high women participation in governance in other parts of the world than Nigeria, as well as having more women participation at both Federal and State government’s level above the local government level. It finds out that there is male domination in local governance over and above the women for low political consciousness. The paper revealed that attitude of women towards local governance is poor because they lack funds to achieving ‘30 percent affirmative action declaration’ for women at the grassroots.

Women Participation to Sustain Environmental Development to Achieve the Millennium Goals Through Gender Equality and Good Governance

This paper presents the highlights on how women participation in governance will sustain environmental development to achieve the millennium goals. It will include the gender equity and good governance for action. The study goes further to provide provocative insights on what action and reflection that should be followed to achieve this because equity. Mutualism, justice, self-reliance sustainability and peace are parts of the bedrock to achieve the millennium goals. However, in the past and even now, some women succumbed to the patterns enshrined by men which hinged on their domination of most of the environmental assignments and achievements whereas, the women have in their simplicity and innocence been interacting with the environment and the development process wherein, without realizing that they are the key and major player as in determining the future of the world; it is said , when a woman, is trained a nation is trained, this topic will be eruditely. Finally recommendations were made for a way forward. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2013.v4n5p157

Gender Disparity And The Challenges Of Governance In Nigeria (1999-2007)

The political situation in Nigeria is particularly worrisome due to the domination of the scene by the male gender over their female folks. The low level of women representation at all levels of governance in Nigeria can be traced to the patriarchal orientation of some Nigerian society. Women are seen as the weaker sex, who is psychologically incapable to be involved in partisan politics .The societal system in the country encourages male dominance, subjugates women and makes women as appendages to men. This paper examines various ways by which Nigerian women experience disparity in governance. It also reveals the constraints to gender equality and their participation in the process of governance despite efforts made at the national and international scene to empower them. The paper is descriptive and analytical and it takes a form of content analysis of information gathered through retrieval technique. The paper recommends that women should break loose from the institutions, traditions and values that enslave them mentally and enforce their subjection as the standard of morality of our patriarchal society. It concludes that, to challenge the continuing marginalization of women in Nigeria's process of governance, there is the need to devise appropriate strategies and tactics for eliciting the enthusiasm and concerted efforts of both male and female members of the society for the goal of enhancing the participation of women in governance. Keywords : Gender, Patriarchy, Governance, Political Participation, Politics. Gender and Behaviour Vol. 6 (1) 2008: pp. 1532-1544

Tokenism or Agency? The Impact of Women’s Reservations on Village Democracies in South India

There is increasing interest in whether improving the participation of women in government will lead to more gender equality. We test this with data collected from South India, using a natural experiment that randomly reserves one‐third of all presidencies in democratically elected village councils (panchayats) for women candidates. Previous research has found that such “reservations” result in policy decisions that are closer to the preferences of women; qualitative research has argued, conversely, that it results in token appointments in which women are appointed by elites and are poorly educated and aged. We do not find evidence in favor of the tokenism hypothesis, finding that women leaders are drawn from the upper end of the quality distribution of women. However, we find that female leaders perform no differently than male leaders. Our results also indicate that institutional factors matter much more for women than for men: women perform better than men in situations in which they have more political experience and live in villages less dominated by upper castes.

A population-based assessment of women's mental health and attitudes toward women's human rights in Afghanistan.

To assess the health status of Afghan women and attitudes of these women and their male relatives during the period of Taliban rule toward women's rights and community development needs in Afghanistan. In household residences in two regions in Afghanistan (one Taliban controlled and the other not under the Taliban) and a refugee camp and repatriation center in Pakistan, structured interviews were conducted among a random sample of women and men exposed to Taliban policy and women living in a non-Taliban controlled area (724 Afghan women and 553 male relatives). Major depression was far more prevalent among women exposed to Taliban policies (73%-78%) than among women living in a non-Taliban controlled area (28%). Sixty-five percent of women living in a Taliban-controlled area and 73% of women in Pakistan exposed to Taliban policies expressed suicidal ideation at the time of the study, compared with 18% of those in a non-Taliban controlled area. More than 90% of both women and men expressed support for equal work and educational opportunities, free expression, protection of women's rights, participation of women in government, and the inclusion of women's human rights concerns in peace talks. A majority of both women and men believed that guaranteeing civil and political rights (69%) and meeting basic needs (90%) were important for the health and development of their communities. In Afghanistan under the Taliban, policies restricting women's rights were not the product of years of tradition or of social and economic deprivation. Instead, they were man-made policies as easily and swiftly revoked as they were instituted. Depression rates among women in Afghanistan, especially in Taliban-controlled areas, were extraordinarily high. Current efforts to rebuild Afghanistan must address these high rates of depression and other mental health problems to ensure women's full participation in development.

Peace and Women's Issues in U.S. History

Do women, peace and nonviolence really fit into a U.S. history cours ? Educators at all levels have long realized that women have been under-represented in history text books and supporting mate rials. In recent years, many high school teachers have been creating their own teaching tools in order to incorpo rate women into their curriculum. A similar situation, but on a smaller scale, exists for peace, nonviolence, and conflict resolution issues. The histories of women, peace, and non violence are particularly rich with tales to tell and lessons to learn. Together they often reinforce one another and open new dimensions for any history course. They in clude: 1) the role that women played in the political sphere, even while they were disfranchised; 2) women's interpretations of peace as an al ternative social process to war; 3) the work of women as organizers in peace and social justice movements; and 4) the ways that women have fostered an inter national sisterhood seeking worldwide gender equality. Incorporating women, peace, and nonviolence into U.S. history classes can involve intriguing issues and personalities (1). Women have had a long history of using assertive nonviolent techniques to achieve political aims. For example, in 1590 the women of the Hotinon Sionne Iroquois Confederacy in the area of Sen eca Falls, New York, gathered to demand an end to war among the local nations. This is just one example of native women's participation in government to achieve peace through conflict resolution. Of course, the most famous (although unveri

Women in Local Governments in Northern Thailand

ABSTRACT Women occupy minute numbers of political offices throughout the world. In the developing world particularly, women face a variety of barriers that limit their involvement in government. This paper reviews the structure of local government administration in Thailand, documents the involvement of women, and presents the results of a study of women leaders in northern Thailand, which provides some insights into the conditions operating to constrain the participation of women in government.

Participation of Women in Government

Participation of Women in Government