Women In Perinatal Period Research Articles

Perinatal Depression, Labor Anxiety and Mental Well-Being of Polish Women During the Perinatal Period in a War and Economic Crisis

Objective: The armed conflict in Ukraine and its impact on Europe’s economy have led to an war and economic crisis, potentially affecting the mental health of women during the perinatal period. This study aimed to assess the severity of depressive symptoms and labor anxiety among Polish women in perinatal period during this crisis. Methods: From June 2, 2022, to April 11, 2023, 152 women completed three sets of online surveys—two during pregnancy (before 33 weeks and/or between 33 and 37 weeks) and one postpartum (4 weeks after childbirth). The questionnaires used to evaluate the anxiety and depressive symptoms included Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-2), Labor Anxiety Questionnaire (LAQ), and team-developed questionnaires evaluating war-related anxiety (WAQ) and global situation anxiety (GSAQ) Statistical analyses included U-Mann Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, Wilcoxon signed-rank, Friedman tests and Spearman’s correlations, with a significance level set at p < .05. Results: Among Polish pregnant women aged 23–43, 31.6% of participants experienced depressive symptoms, while 70.4% reported increased labor-related anxiety. Additionally, 24.3% experienced significant anxiety due to the war, and 25% suffered from severe anxiety related to the global situation. Positive correlations were noted between EPDS and GSAQ scores (R = 0.34, p < .001) and LAQ and WAQ scores (R = 0.21, p = .008). Conclusions: The prevalence of perinatal depression is high during war and economic crisis, underscoring the urgent need to improve screening for perinatal depression in Poland. Further, the manuscript did not discuss symptom patterns across the three time points.

Proportion, quality of life and factors associated with perinatal urinary incontinence among pregnant women attending at Muhimbili national hospital

BackgroundPerinatal urine incontinence (PUI) affects approximately 200 million women worldwide. It is hypothesized that it has a multifactorial etiology that includes hormonal changes, pregnancy, urethral angle changes, and childbirth-related forces. The prevalence of PUI ranges from 32 to 64%. These conditions affect quality of life, leading to significant physical and emotional distress, self-esteem, social interactions, postpartum depression and anxiety. Determining the factors associated with PUI and providing appropriate support and treatment options for women experiencing perinatal urinary incontinence can improve the well-being of those affected. The significance of this study is to help establish the foundation of Perinatal urinary incontinence awareness in our facility, and possibly knowing the burden and associated risk factors, care to be taken in the reassurance of the patient and, for a future urological approach and overall management.ObjectivesTo assess the proportion, quality of life and factors associated with perinatal urinary incontinence among pregnant women admitted to the Muhimbili national hospital.MethodologyThis prospective cross-sectional study involved 354 pregnant women in perinatal period. The statistical analysis of the data was done in the SPSS version 20, whereby descriptive statistics and categorical data were described by frequency tables, graphs, and percentages, and numerical variables by mean, median, and standard deviation. Bivariate logistic regression was used to obtain variables that were associated with PUI. Multivariate logistic regression for controlling for confounders. P value of < 0.5 was considered to be statistically significant. Quality of life (QoL) was assessed by ICIQ-UI SF tool.ResultsA total of 354 women were approached, all of whom participated in the study. The mean age of the participants was 30 years (range 30–34 years). The overall proportion of PUI among the participants was 59 [16.7%]. Of the total participants with PUI, 28 (49.1%) had Stress urine incontinence (SUI), 9 (15.8%) had Urge urine incontinence (UUI), Mixed urine incontinence (MUI), and 1 (1.8%). Overall, among the participants who had PUI, quality of life (QoL) was moderately affected in 31 (52.5%) participants, followed by 17 (28.8%) whose QoL was slightly affected, 10 (16.9%) whose QoL was poor, and only 1 (1.7%) whose quality of life was very poor. In the multivariable logistic regression model, Factors associated with PUI were statically significant, with P < 0.05. A significant association between UI and a normal BMI, pre-obesity [AOR 1.351 95% CI 1.161–1.765], grand multipara [AOR 1.092 95% CI 1.027–1.323], and a previous history of cesarean section [AOR. 5.126 95% CI 2.081–12.628].ConclusionsPerinatal urinary incontinence has a considerable impact on health complications across various aspects, despite not being a life-threatening condition. The effects of urinary incontinence extend to daily activities, sexual health, personal relationships, social engagement, and mental well-being.

Excessive Daytime Sleepiness and Associated Factors Among Women in Perinatal Period

Background and Objective Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is an important public health issue requiring adequate screening and management to avoid such harmful consequences. The study aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors of EDS in the perinatal period.Methods Institution-based cross-sectional study was carried out in selected public health institutions of Ethiopia on systematic selected 362 women during perinatal period. We used a validated Epworth daytime sleepiness tool to collect data. Epi-Info&lt;sup&gt;TM&lt;/sup&gt; 7 and SPSS version 26 were used for data entry and analysis, respectively. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the associated factors.Results The prevalence of EDS was 16.6% (95% CI: 12.6–20.7). Excessive pregnancy-related concern (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.232, 95% CI: 0.087–0.621), having depression symptoms (AOR = 8.045, 95% CI: 3.375–19.174), anxiety symptoms (AOR = 4.905, 95% CI: 2.083– 11.550) and having a chronic medical illness (AOR = 5.441, 95% CI: 2.273–13.021) were the factors associated with EDS.Conclusions The results of the current study suggested that perinatal EDS among women in northern part of Ethiopia is a highly prevalent and associated with excessive pregnancy concern, depression, anxiety, and medical illness.

Epidemiological profile of perinatal mental disorders at a tertiary hospital in Yaoundé- Cameroon.

In developing countries, 15.6% of pregnant women and 19.8% after childbirth experience a mental disorder. In the absence of data on the situation in Cameroon, we carried out a study to determine the prevalence of perinatal mental illness in this hospital and its risk factors among women in perinatal period and the relationship between both at the Yaoundé Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital, a reference mother and child hospital. We conducted a hospital-based, cross sectional, observational study. Data was collected using structured and semi-structured interviews. There were six sub-themes covered: participants' socio-demographic profile, clinical profile, perinatal history, psychopathology aspects with the Mini International Psychiatric Interview, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, the State Trait Anxiety Inventory and the perinatal mental illness risk factors. Data entry was done using Microsoft Excel 2010 and transferred to Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 23.0 for analysis. Among 194 women who participated in the study, the general prevalence for perinatal mental disorders was 53.6% (104/194), 25.8% among pregnant women and 27.8% among postnatal women. Comorbidities were present in 17.5% of our study population. We observed that 45.8% suffered from depression, 17% had a risk of suicide, 10.3% suffered from perinatal anxiety, 3.1% presented with post-traumatic stress disorder, 3.6% acute stress disorder, 7.7% had adjustment disorder. Concerning risk factors, we found a significant link between depression and severe anxiety before delivery (p < 0.05) and the absence of social support (p = 0.005). We found that women with at least four risk factors were 1.6 times more likely to present with a perinatal mental disorder. The prevalence of perinatal mental disorders at this Hospital is very high. This highlights the need for institutional screening and management of perinatal mental disorders, which suggests that we explore the situation in others and other health facilities in Cameroon.

Professionalization of non-medical support of women in perinatal period: the significance of the doula profession

Wprowadzenie:Doula (gr. „kobieta, która służy”) to osoba przeszkolona do udzielania kobiecie i jej rodzinie wsparcia emocjonalnego, fizycznego i informacyjnego w czasie ciąży,porodu i połogu.&#x0D; Cel:Celem pracy jest próba analizy roli i zadań douli na płaszczyźnie zróżnicowanych potrzeb kobiet rodzących z uwzględnieniem wyników wstępnych badań dotyczących opinii i doświadczeń polskich kobiet na temat wsparcia douli w okresie okołoporodowym. &#x0D; Metody: Przeprowadzone badanie miało charakter wstępny. Badaniem ilościowym objęto 526 kobiet z wywiadem położniczym, w wieku od 18 do 50 lat. Próba została podzielona na grupę badaną (kobiety, które kiedykolwiek skorzystały z usług douli) N=62 i grupę kontrolną (kobiety, które nigdy nie korzystały z asysty douli) N=464. Dane zostały zebrane anonimowo, za pomocą autorskiego kwestionariusza w formie badania on-line. Dobór próby celowy. Wyniki poddano analizie statystycznej. Obliczeniawykonano w programie PQStat (wersja 1.6.6).&#x0D; Wyniki: Zawód douli i możliwość skorzystania z jej wsparcia w okresie okołoporodowym nie są szeroko rozpoznawane wśród badanych kobiet w Polsce. Wyniki wskazują na konieczność lepszego wsparcia rodzącej, zwłaszcza w zakresie potrzeb informacyjnych, emocjonalnych oraz wsparcia w zakresie niefarmakologicznych metod łagodzenia bólu porodowego. W opinii badanych kobiet, które korzystały z asysty douli, jej wsparcie miało korzystny wpływ na przebieg okresu okołoporodowego.&#x0D; Wnioski:Wydaje się, że wsparcie douli jako dodatkowa forma opieki na oddziałach położniczych powinna być traktowana bardziej otwarcie. Niezbędna jest również promocja i popularyzacja alternatywnych form wsparcia prenatalnego i poporodowego poprzez kampanie edukacyjne i promocję dedykowanych usług opiekuńczych i wspierających, takich jak usługi douli, w celu zapewnienia lepszej opieki dla kobiet w okresie około porodowym i redukcji czynników stresogennych. Przeprowadzone badania wskazują na potrzebę popularyzowania informacji o istnieniu zawodu douli oraz rozpowszechniania wiedzy o zadaniach i roli douli.

Knowledge, attitude and self-efficacy program intended to improve public health professionals\u2019 ability to identify and manage perinatal depressive symptoms: a quasi-experimental study

BackgroundDuring the perinatal period women lack screening and treatments for perinatal depressive symptoms, while public health professionals (PHPs) in primary care centres (PCCs) need training for identification and management of such symptoms. This quasi-experimental study was aimed at evaluating knowledge, attitudes and self-efficacy among PHPs after participating in a Knowledge, Attitude, and Self-efficacy (KAS) program for identification and management of perinatal depressive symptoms.MethodThe KAS-program, carried through in Sakonnakhon in north-eastern Thailand, comprised one day of theory and a four-week period of field practice. Thirty-three PHPs from PCCs participated in the program. Twenty-three of them participated in focus group discussions (FGDs). Chi-square for trend, paired-sample T-tests and content analysis were used.ResultsKnowledge, attitude and self-efficacy scores increased after the PHPs had fully participated in the KAS-program. Four categories emerged from the FGDs: increased understanding and knowledge, being aware and having a positive attitude, having confidence and ability to work, and need of regular training and feedback.ConclusionThe KAS-program may contribute to giving PHPs in PCCs the knowledge, positive attitude and self-efficacy they need to identify and manage perinatal depressive symptoms. Implementation of the KAS-program to other healthcare professionals such as nurses/midwives is great of interest.

Factors of psychiatric morbidity during perinatal period

The presence of psychiatric disorders during perinatal period imposes negative and long-term effect on maternal health and child development as well as normal family environment. The purpose of our study was to investigate the socio-demographic factors associated with psychiatric morbidity during perinatal period. It was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among purposively selected 197 perinatal women attending the Obstetrics &amp; Gynaecology Outpatient Department (OPD) of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University and Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka from August 2012 to July 2013. Data were collected through face-to-face interview by administering a semistructured questionnaire, containing socio-demographic and other variables and translated Bangla version of Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis-I Disorders – Clinician Version (SCID-CV). Majority (79.7%) of the women were included in the age group of 20-34 years. The mean (±SD) age of the respondents were calculated as 24.60 (±4.88) years. Rural habitat was predominant (53.6%). A good number (5.1%) of respondents with psychiatric disorders had positive family history of psychiatric illness which was found statistically significant. Majority (7.6%) of the respondents with psychiatric disorders had previous history of psychiatric illness. Women in perinatal period with the risk factors for developing psychiatric disorders need proper psychiatric evaluation to prevent and treat perinatal mental illness.Bang J Psychiatry December 2015; 29(2): 53-58

Affective temperaments during pregnancy and postpartum period: a click to hyperthymic temperament

Background: Pregnancy and postpartum periods are the main reproductive periods during which women experience mood disorders. Affective temperaments are known antecedents of mood disorders and their importance is increasing in time for early diagnosis and determining risky groups. But data about affective temperaments during perinatal period is limited. Methods: Women during pregnancy and perinatal period and healthy controls who are not in perinatal period are included in the study. 83 pregnant women in 1st trimester, 94 pregnant women in 2nd trimester and 115 pregnant women in 3rd trimester; 32 women in 1st month postpartum and 89 women in 2nd month postpartum; and 88 healthy non-pregnant women with similar ages were evaluated regarding their temperament evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego auto-questionnaire (TEMPS-A) scores. Results: Women in perinatal period had higher scores of hyperthymic temperaments than the control group. Women in the 2nd month of postpartum period had also higher anxious temperament scores. And women in the second trimester had the highest hyperthymic temperament scores. Conclusion: Pregnancy and postpartum periods correlate with hyperthymic temperament characteristics in women without active psychiatric diagnosis. Future studies will help to understand if this is a mental quietness or increased risk for bipolarity.

English

English

Clinical Analysis of 186 Cases of Postpartum Hemorrhage after Cesarean Section

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;In this paper, we analyzed retrospectively 186 cases of postpartum hemorrhage in our hospital, and analyzed the characteristics and clinical analysis of postpartum hemorrhage in cesarean section. &lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;Pregnant women were selected from March 2010 to March 2014 in our hospital. The causes of postpartum hemorrhage and postpartum hemorrhage were compared with natural labor and cesarean section. &lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong&gt;: &lt;/strong&gt;In 4622 pregnant women, 2631 cases are cesarean section while 1991 cases are vaginal delivery. There were 268 cases of postpartum hemorrhage, including 82 cases of postpartum vaginal bleeding, 186 cases of postpartum hemorrhage after cesarean section. The incidence of postpartum hemorrhage was 7.07%, and the rate vaginal birth postpartum hemorrhage was 4.11%, and there was significant difference between them (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt; 0.01). Uterine inertia is two kinds of mode of delivery to the main causes of postpartum hemorrhage, followed by rupture of the soft birth canal and placental factors etc. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Cesarean section is the cause of postpartum hemorrhage. It was found that pregnant women postpartum hemorrhage should actively take treatment to ensure the safety of pregnant women in perinatal period.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;

Clinical Analysis of 186 Cases of Postpartum Hemorrhage after Cesarean Section

Objective: In this paper, we analyzed retrospectively 186 cases of postpartum hemorrhage in our hospital, and analyzed the characteristics and clinical analysis of postpartum hemorrhage in cesarean section. Method: Pregnant women were selected from March 2010 to March 2014 in our hospital. The causes of postpartum hemorrhage and postpartum hemorrhage were compared with natural labor and cesarean section. Results : In 4622 pregnant women, 2631 cases are cesarean section while 1991 cases are vaginal delivery. There were 268 cases of postpartum hemorrhage, including 82 cases of postpartum vaginal bleeding, 186 cases of postpartum hemorrhage after cesarean section. The incidence of postpartum hemorrhage was 7.07%, and the rate vaginal birth postpartum hemorrhage was 4.11%, and there was significant difference between them ( p < 0.01). Uterine inertia is two kinds of mode of delivery to the main causes of postpartum hemorrhage, followed by rupture of the soft birth canal and placental factors etc. Conclusion: Cesarean section is the cause of postpartum hemorrhage. It was found that pregnant women postpartum hemorrhage should actively take treatment to ensure the safety of pregnant women in perinatal period.

Циркадианные особенности симпатико-парасимпатического взаимодействия по данным спектральных составляющих ритма сердца у беременных и родильниц в перинатальном периоде

By means of daily ECG monitoring on the device “Kardiоtechnika-06” (Inkart Ltd, St. Petersburg, Russia) the authors studied the character of sympathetic and parasympathetic interaction as correlation of the percentage inputs of high frequency (HF), low frequency (LF), and very low frequency (VLF) spectrum components of the heart rate variability in 73 pregnant women aged of 27.7+6.1 years in perinatal period (before and after the delivery). The control group consisted of 30 healthy non-pregnant women aged 32.8+7.6 years on average. It was revealed that the daily dynamics of sympathetic and parasympathetic interaction in pregnant and the puerperas in perinatal period was similar to the control group of women provided that the delivery was without complications. The dynamics was characterized by the increase of parasympathetic effects at the night time and the increase of sympathetic ones at the day time. The time period between 6.00 a.m. and 9.00 a.m. is especially important for the functional condition of the vegetative nervous system in the perinatal period of both pregnant women and puerperas as far as sharp changes in the sympathetic and parasympathetic interaction were noted. Throughout 24 hours period in the perinatal period, the sympathetic and parasympathetic interaction is characterized by considerable changes in the puerperas in comparison with the pregnant women. The revealed feature of daily dynamics of heart rate variability in the pregnant women and the puerperas provide the physiological conditions to optimize the cycle of sleeping and wakeful states in the women in perinatal period.

Effect of sophrology on perinatal stress monitored by biopyrrin

Aim: Few stress markers are available for women in perinatal period. We introduced biopyrrin (BPn) for monitoring the perinatal stress and investigated how the stress could be regulated. Methods: Study patients consisted of 220 full-term pregnant women between 2006 and 2008. Cases were analyzed based on 1) pattern of delivery, the use of pain control (anesthesia) or hypnotics (Sophrology), 2) maternal complications, and 3) habitual smoking or alcohol consumption. Urinary samples were collected from pregnant women before and after delivery, and from newborn babies. Results: The average level of BPn in pregnant women was 2.61 ± 0.25 U/g·Creatinin (Cre). (Mean ± SE). This is significantly higher than age-matched non-pregnant women (0.79 ± 0.24 U/g·Cre). After normal delivery, BPn was significantly elevated to 5.29 ± 0.57 U/g·Cre (p < 0.001). BPn decreased significantly to 3.41 ± 0.51 U/g·Cre in sophrology assisted delivery and 4.87 ± 0.53 U/g·Cre under epidural anesthesia (p < 0.05), while delivery induction elevated BPn (11.62 ± 1.95 U/g·Cre). Conclusions: BPn might be an excellent indicator for monitoring perinatal stress. Significant decrease of BPn in sophrology-assisted delivery suggests that the technique should be useful for the relief of perinatal stress.

Bedside Examinations of Fetus and Pregnant Women in Perinatal Period

Bedside Examinations of Fetus and Pregnant Women in Perinatal Period