Wisconsin Geological Research Articles

Microfossil Succession in a Bog in Northern Wisconsin

A stratigraphical and statistical study of the microfossils in the marginal mat of a small bog lake in Vilas County, Wisconsin, was undertaken in an attempt to determine the plant succession of the region and to test a new method for determining the vertical extent of limnic and subaerial peat in a bog. The deposit in which these observations were made is known to the Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey as the Forestry Bog Lake, and is located near its Limnological Laboratory in Section 8, Township 41 North, Range 7 East. The depression in which the lakelet is located was formed by the melting of a buried ice mass in the pitted outwash plain of the Early Mankato Ice (Fourth Wisconsin). The soils surrounding the depression are predominantly sandy, but also contain lenses of gravel. The area of the lake, which is in the center of the bog, is 993 square meters. Its maximum depth is 2 meters. The original area and depth were much greater. Very early in the history of the Forestry Bog Lake there was a connection on the southern side with Trout Lake. How long this persisted is impossible to state, but the condition of the topography suggests that it was very brief and may have been connected only during the melting of the glacial ice at this point. The lakelet (fig. 1) is in the late stage of old age, as is shown by the presence of organic soils, shallow water and an irregular shoreline of peat (Wilson, '35). According to Fassett ('30), the plants growing upon the peat bog are Sphagnum sp., Sarracenia purpurea, Mlonotropa uniflora, Smilacina trifolia, Chioagenes hispidula, Rynchaspora alba, Picea inariana bearing A rceuthobium pusillum, Eriophorunt virginicuiv, Larix laricina, Carex oligosperma, C. pauciflora, C. trisperma, Chamnaedaphne calyculata, Leduni groenlandicum, Gaultheria procumbens, Vaccinium oxycoccos, Menyanithes trifoliata, Kalmia poli* From the Limnological Laboratory of the Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey and Coe College. Report No. 64. The publication of the illustrations in this article was provided for by funds other than those of the Ecological Society of America.

Photosynthesis of algae in Wisconsin lakes III. Observations of 1935

Internationale Revue der gesamten Hydrobiologie und HydrographieVolume 35, Issue 1-6 p. 122-133 Article Photosynthesis of algae in Wisconsin lakes III. Observations of 1935† John T. Curtis, John T. CurtisSearch for more papers by this authorC. Juday, C. JudaySearch for more papers by this author John T. Curtis, John T. CurtisSearch for more papers by this authorC. Juday, C. JudaySearch for more papers by this author First published: 1937 https://doi.org/10.1002/iroh.19370350109Citations: 8 † Limnological Laboratory of the Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey. Notes and reports No. 65. AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume35, Issue1-61937Pages 122-133 RelatedInformation

The Growth of the Muskellunge, Esox masquinongy immaculatus (Garrard), in Various Lakes and Drainage Areas of Northern Wisconsin

T HIS study of muskellunge growth is a continuation of the game fish studies undertaken by the Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey since 1928. In the summer of that year the late Dr. G. I. Kemmerer, in cooperation with the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries, interested a considerable number of Wisconsin anglers in research on the growth of game fish and obtained scales and data from the fish they captured. This cooperative enterprise has continued up to the present time with the result that a scale collection representing 3500 specimens of game fish is now at the disposal of fishery biologists at the University of Wisconsin. The willingness of anglers to cooperate in these studies is noteworthy and especially significant from the conservationist's viewpoint. The 8 years of cooperation between anglers and fishery investigators show that fishermen are deeply concerned over the preservation of their game stock. Within 2 years after the inauguration of the program, sufficient data were on hand to make a study of the growth rates of the valuable game species. The first report appeared in the spring of 1930 (Juday and Schneberger, 1930). It stated the age-length relationships of 10 game species, based on an examination of the scales of 336 specimens taken by anglers and scales from 164 individuals collected by Bureau of Fisheries investigators during the 1927 and 1928 seasons at the Trout Lake Laboratory. Thirtyeight of the 500 individuals represented in the 1930 scale collection were muskellunge. Twenty-five of these had been caught by anglers and the remainder by investigators. All of the specimens taken by the latter measured below the legal length of 30 inches. The scales from these young individuals were of considerable value in the present study. Their conspicuous annuli gave the author a definite idea concerning their nature and made age determination of these scales a simple task. In the second place, the actual lengths of these specimens verified the calculated lengths, for the earlier years of life, made from the scales of the older individuals. The rapid accumulation of data made possible a second report of game fish growth in 1933 (Juday and Schneberger, 1933). By this time the scale collection had increased to 1100, largely through the splendid cooperation of the fishermen. Their hearty response made it necessary to limit the number of species considered to the 5 most important, namely, the muskellunge, Esox masquinongy immaculatus (Garrard), northern pike, Esox lucius Linnaeus, wall-eyed pike or yellow pike-perch, Stizostedion vitreum (Mitchill), large-mouthed black bass, Aplites salmoides (LacepDde), and the small-mouthed black bass, Micropterus dolomieu (Lacbpide).

Cambrian strata of Wisconsin

INTRODUCTION The writers have long been concerned with the Cambrian stratigraphy of Wisconsin and the Upper Mississippi Valley. Thwaites has studied the Wisconsin sequence for more than a quarter of a century, and his work on well cuttings, done under the auspices of the Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey, has contributed extensively to an understanding of the subsurface distribution of the Cambrian strata. Raasch has been a close student of the Wisconsin Cambrian for over a decade, and Twenhofel has been interested in the sequence since 1916. All of the type sections of the formations and members have been studied by one or more of the writers. Conferences on the Cambrian sequence and nomenclature have been held with A. C. Trowbridge and G. I. Atwater, of the University of Iowa, and with Ira Edwards, of the Milwaukee Public Museum. These discussions have revealed a gratifying unanimity of opinion among . . .

Buried Pre-Cambrian of Wisconsin

Introduction PREVIOUS INVESTIGATIONS The attention of the writer was drawn to the nature and form of the buried pre-Cambrian basement of Wisconsin when he began the study and collection of well records for the Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey in 1912. The present study of this problem is by no means the first, for in 1869 I. A. Lapham 2 published a map of Wisconsin on which he drew 100-foot contours on the base of the Paleozoic sediments. In 1915 Weidman 3 drew a generalized map of the top of the concealed pre-Cambrian with 250-foot contours. This map omitted all local irregularities. In the following year Jay, 4 working under the direction of Lawrence Martin, mapped small areas near Baraboo. In 1925 Du Rietz 5 published a small-scale contour map of the surface of the pre-Cambrian of North America. STRUCTURE The pre-Cambrian rocks of Wisconsin form an elongated geanticline which strikes approximately . . .

Influence of the Glacial Period in Changing the Character of the Molluscan Fauna of North America

FiCn. i. Portion of driftless area in Wisconsin, showing regular erosion and dendritic form of drainage in typical unglaciated country (Wisconsin Geological Survey map). erm Hemispheres. Previous to the advent of the glacial advances, the northern part of the United States and Canadla, as well, also, as the southernI part Contribution from the Museum of Natural History, University of Illinois, No. 58. [Ecology, Vol. XI, No. 2 (pp. 239-468), was issued April 7, 1930J 469

Penetration of solar radiation into lakes, as measured by the thermopile

In the course of its studies on lakes the Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey has made many observations on lake‐temperature. It therefore seemed advisable to learn how much of the warming of a lake in spring and summer may be attributed to direct insolation and how much is due to the action of the wind. For the study of the penetration of solar radiation into the lakes and of the direct influence of this radiation on their temperatures, an instrument was needed which would measure the total radiation in terms which could be converted into calories readily and accurately. Since the inland lakes differ widely in the color of their water it was impracticable to use instruments whose response is selective to color.

Contributions to the Pre-Cambrian Geology of Northern Michigan and Wisconsin. R. C. Allen , L. P. BarrettThe Geology of Limestone Mountain and Sherman Hill in Houghton County, Michigan. E. C. Case , W. I. Robinson

<i>Contributions to the Pre-Cambrian Geology of Northern Michigan and Wisconsin</i>. R. C. Allen , L. P. Barrett<i>The Geology of Limestone Mountain and Sherman Hill in Houghton County, Michigan</i>. E. C. Case , W. I. Robinson

The Vertical Distribution of Volvox in the Plankton of Lake Monona.

On the morning of July 6, I9I6, Messrs. Birge and Juday, of the Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey, noted a very peculiar condition, while collecting plankton samples from Lake Monona, Madison, Wisconsin. They found that there was a very decided stratum of Volvox colonies at a depth of three meters, while above and below this stratum the colonies were very scarce. Mr. Juday called my attention to this condition, and suggested that I make plankton catches at various times of the day to see if the position of the belt changed. Although the data presented herewith are, at best, fragmentary, they seem worthy of record since nothing is known concerning the vertical distribution of Volvox as a limnetic organism. The bloom of this alga is so sporadic that it may be some time before so favorable a condition for a study of this kind again presents itself. The ordinary method of pumping a measured amount of water (ten liters) from a desired depth and then straining through a filter net was used for collecting the samples, which were then preserved in alcohol until counted. In cotunting, the volume of the catch was reduced to ten cubic centimeters, then a one-cubic-centimeter sample was taken, put in a trough, and the number of colonies counted through a binocular microscope. The station where the alga was first discovered is about a kilometer northwest of Winnequah point, at the deepest part of the lake. My samples were collected about a half kilometer out from the Wirka Boat Livery where the water is between ten and thirteen meters deep. This station is about a kilometer and a half from the deepest part of the lake. Sunset occurred at 7:40 on July 6 and the sample from the surface was taken at 7:45. Since it takes about five minutes to adjust the hose, pump the water, label and preserve the sample, the interval between two catches is about five minutes. The same order was followed in every case, the first sample taken at the top and others on down at intervals of a meter. Twilight lasts about an hour at this

THE VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF VOLVOX IN THE PLANKTON OF LAKE MONONA

American Journal of BotanyVolume 5, Issue 4 p. 178-185 Article THE VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF VOLVOX IN THE PLANKTON OF LAKE MONONA Gilbert Morgan Smith, Gilbert Morgan Smith Department of Botany, University of WisconsinSearch for more papers by this author Gilbert Morgan Smith, Gilbert Morgan Smith Department of Botany, University of WisconsinSearch for more papers by this author First published: 01 April 1918 https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1537-2197.1918.tb05492.xCitations: 2AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume5, Issue4April 1918Pages 178-185 RelatedInformation

Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey

THE “Educational Series” to which this work belongs is “primarily designed for use by teachers and in the schools” (p. 486), and the cloth-bound volume of 549 pages, with abundant maps and illustrations, is “sent on receipt of 15 cents” (7½d.) to those who are sufficiently keen to ask for it. Wisconsin, like Canada, places no bar to the spread of educational information collected by the State. Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey. Bulletin No. xxxvi. The Physical Geography of Wisconsin. By Dr. Lawrence Martin. Pp. xxii + 549. (Madison, Wis.: Published by the State, 1916.)

Ancient Water-Planes and Crustal Deformation

Previous articleNext article FreeAncient Water-Planes and Crustal DeformationH. H. RobinsonH. H. Robinson Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by The Journal of Geology Volume 16, Number 4May - Jun., 1908 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/621516 Views: 21Total views on this site Citations: 2Citations are reported from Crossref PDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Detlef Wolf Note on estimates of the glacial-isostatic decay spectrum for Fennoscandia, Geophysical Journal International 127, no.33 (Apr 2007): 801–805.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1996.tb04059.x References, (Jan 1977): 183–194.https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-020498-7.50016-9

Resumé of Recent Work on Lakes by the Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey

Internationale Revue der gesamten Hydrobiologie und HydrographieVolume 1, Issue 1-2 p. 240-242 Berichte und Sammelreferate Resumé of Recent Work on Lakes by the Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey Chancey Juday, Chancey Juday Biological AssistantSearch for more papers by this author Chancey Juday, Chancey Juday Biological AssistantSearch for more papers by this author First published: 1908 https://doi.org/10.1002/iroh.19080010118AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Volume1, Issue1-21908Pages 240-242 RelatedInformation

The Geography of the Region about Devil's Lake and the Dalles of the Wisconsin

THIS is the first number of an “Educational Series” to be published by the Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey. The region to which attention is now particularly called is in the south-central part of Wisconsin, and it is of interest because it well illustrates many points in the geographical evolution of land-surfaces. It comprises an undulating plain chiefly of Potsdam Sandstone, with some areas of magnesian limestone, and with a northern and southern range of bold quartzite hills. The southern range rises from 500 to 800 feet above the surrounding land, or up to 1600 feet above sea-level, and in the bottom of a deep gap, which divides this range, lies Devil's Lake. This is a lake which, in glacial times, occupied an enclosure between the ice on the one hand and the quartzite ridge on the other: a gorge which originally was the work of a pre-Cambrian stream. The melting of the ice supplied abundant water, and the lake rose perhaps 90 feet above its present level. In this and in many other cases the irregular deposition of glacial drift gave rise to many depressions without outlets, in which surface-waters collected after the ice had disappeared. Few of these lakes now remain in the region, but Devil's Lake, which is more than a mile in length and half a mile wide, occupies an unfilled portion of an old river valley, isolated by great morainic dams from its surface-continuations on either hand. Streams originate beyond these dams. The “Dalles” are sandstone cliffs which form a gorge along the Wisconsin River for a length of about seven miles, and a depth of 50 to 100 feet. The effects of weathering by atmospheric agents, and of erosion by the river, are well exhibited, and the views remind us of the rock-scenery along the Eden near Corby Castle.

On the Building and Ornamental Stones of Wisconsin . By E. R. Buckley, Ph.D. Bull. No. IV. Economic Series No. 2. Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey. 1898.

<i>On the Building and Ornamental Stones of Wisconsin</i> . By E. R. Buckley, Ph.D. Bull. No. IV. Economic Series No. 2. Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey. 1898.

The Geology of Wisconsin: Geology of Wisconsin . Professor T. C. Chamberlin, chief geologist. 4 vols. Madison, Wis., 1877-83. 3,147 p., 140 pl. 8°.

The Geology of Wisconsin: <i>Geology of Wisconsin</i> . Professor T. C. Chamberlin, chief geologist. 4 vols. Madison, Wis., 1877-83. 3,147 p., 140 pl. 8°.

Notes on the Gasteropoda of the Guelph Formation of Canada

T he “Guelph Formation” of Canada forms the uppermost portion of the Niagara group of American geologists, and is composed of dolomitic limestones, which have a thickness of about one hundred and sixty feet. The establishment of the formation as a distinct subdivision of the Niagara series is due to the labours of the Geological Survey of Canada (Sir William Logan, ‘Geology of Canada,’ p. 336). Subsequently Prof. James Hall recognized the occurrence of similar magnesian limestones lying above the Niagara limestone at the Leclaire rapids on the Mississippi river; and he expressed the opinion that they were identical with the Guelph formation of Canada (Geology of Iowa, vol. i. p. 73). At a still later period, Professor Hall detected limestones of the same mineral characters, holding the same stratigraphical position, and charged with similar fossils, at Racine and some other localities in Wisconsin (Report on the Geology of Wisconsin, p. 67). Finally, beds of the same nature and with the same organic remains have been recognized as forming the summit of the Niagara series in Northern and South-western Ohio (Report of the Geological Survey of Ohio, 1870, p. 277, and 1873, p. 129). The lithological characters of the Guelph limestones, wherever they may occur, are very constant. The characteristic rock of the formation is a rough, cellular, yellowish or creamy dolomite, of a rough texture and crystalline appearance, exhibiting innumerable cavities, from which fossils of various kinds have been dissolved out. The organic remains which at one time existed in