Wireless Switch Research Articles

Research on Classroom Lighting Energy Saving System Based on YOLOv3

After class, there are frequent cases of people walking but still lighting. In order to reduce the occurrence of this phenomenon, this paper proposes a classroom lighting energysaving system based on YOLOv3. The system uses the installed monitoring equipment in the existing public area as the information collector, controls the lamps through the wireless control switch, and uses the Internet as a bridge to intelligently control the lamps. The system can judge the area where the lights need to be turned off and automatically turn off the equipment in the case of people leaving the lights. While ensuring lighting, the system not only prolongs the service life of lamps, but also reduces the cost of school funds. When the system is popularized to the country, it will save a lot of electric energy, and the future development force cannot be underestimated. It is of great significance to carry out energy conservation and emission reduction in China.

Cloud Computing based Intelligent Bank Locker System

Now a day’s personal security is a major concern in all the aspects. Most of the people have their personal asserts such as cash, gold, silver etc, in a locker due to security of the accessories. But the security of those asserts is not assured because of robbery and theft problem happening in day today life. In order to overcome the drawback, we proposed a system based on Cloud computing for providing and ensuring high security in the bank, Jewellery shop, home and every place where security of the locker is more important. The proposed system consists of wireless switch, Raspberry pi 3, GSM and finger print scanner in order to allow only authenticated customer to open their lockers to take their accessories. If the authentication fails, the GSM automatically sends the message to the customer regarding failure of locker opening, and gives the alarm signal that makes the people in the bank to notice.

Wireless Intelligent Power Switch berbasis Wireless Sensor Network

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PENGENDALI LAMPU RUMAH BERBASIS ESP8266 DENGAN PROTOKOL MQTT

The smart home is a system that provides comfort, safety, and energy savings, automatically. This system can be used to control electrical equipment such as lights, water pumps, air conditioners, etc. By replacing any conventional switch into a wireless switch, users can control this device from inside and outside the home automatically. The design of this lamp controller uses the ESP8266 module, relay driver, Tenstar Robot SMPS power supply, and TTP223 touch sensor. This control device is made as small as possible so that it can fit into inbow dus switch. The ESP8266 programming platform is Arduino by implementing the PubSubClient library for communication on the protocol. With the protocol, the system is created by giving orders via the topic /order/(ruang) and see the status of the lights with the topic / status/(ruang). The command and status method is also applied to the Android application Rumah MQTT so users can more easily. Besides, this control device is equipped with a schedule that can be set through the Android application. Based on the test results, the system has worked according to plan and can control all lights with the Android application, Kontrol Rumah MQTT. Messages /order/(ruang) from the Android application to the lamp controller can be received and sent back via /status/(ruang) properly. By using the broker address: broker.hivemq.com, the publish-subscribe process has 100% success. Meanwhile, testing the lamp schedule on the lamp control device can work correctly according to the schedule given.

Motivate AAC Switch Practice With Smart-Home Tech

Motivate AAC Switch Practice With Smart-Home Tech

A Novel Finger-Controlled Passive RFID Tag Design for Human-Machine Interaction.

Radio frequency identification (RFID) has shown its potential in human–machine interaction thanks to its inherent function of identification and relevant physical information of signals, but complex data processing and undesirable input accuracy restrict its application and promotion in practical use. This paper proposes a novel finger-controlled passive RFID tag design for human–machine interaction. The tag antenna is based on a dipole antenna with a separated T-match structure, which is able to adjust the state of the tag by the press of a finger. The state of the proposed tag can be recognized directly by the code received by the RFID reader, and no complex data processing is needed. Since the code is hardly affected by surroundings, the proposed tag is suitable to be used as a wireless switch or control button in multiple scenarios. Moreover, arrays of the proposed tag with rational tag arrangements could contribute to a series of manual control devices, such as a wireless keyboard, a remote controller, and a wireless gamepad, without batteries. A 3 × 4 array of the finger-controlled tag is presented to constitute a simple passive RFID keyboard as an example of the applications of the proposed tag array and it refers to the arrangement of a keypad and can achieve precise, convenient, quick, and practical commands and text input into machines by pressing the tags with fingers. Simulations and measurements of the proposed tag and tag array have been carried out to validate their performances in human–machine interaction.

Code Division Multiple Access Channel Resources Allocation with Applied Token Sub-Queuing for Wireless Multi-Service Packet Switch Traffics

The purpose of this paper is to determine the method of Channel Resources Allocation of wireless Multi-Service Packet Switch CDMA based. As it has been known, CDMA cell has a fluctuated capacity mainly due to its varying co-channel interference. The simulation is performed to shows the characteristic for Multi-Service Packet Switch traffic such combine CBR, VBR, and ABR users is applied on CDMA system. The idea is to deliver the traffics when capacity increase from assigned minimum value, by implementing Proposed Token Sub-Queue and Multi-Service Traffic Channel Resources Algorithm. In the first time, this method is aim for non-real time traffic such ABR traffic, but the simulation shows that it can be applied further to the real-time connection by prioritizing delaying the drop calls of certain agreed QoS values to re-seize into services. The simulation of proposed method shows better CDMA channel or bandwidth utilization, and suppresses drop call probability for real-time traffic.

Self-powered, wireless-control, neural-stimulating electronic skin for in vivo characterization of synaptic plasticity

Synaptic plasticity underlies brain changes when learning or memory takes place. Long-term memory requires modification of synaptic strengths between neurons. The characterization of the synaptic changes therefore reflects the long term storage of information in the brain structures. Traditionally, electrical neural-stimulating technique for characterizing synaptic plasticity requires external power source and steer-by-wire system. Here, a novel self-powered, wireless-control, neural-stimulating electronic skin (e-skin) for in vivo characterization of synaptic plasticity has been presented. The e-skin is composed of flexible photosensitive-triboelectric MAPbI3/PDMS units. The outputting electrical neural-stimulating signal of the e-skin is generated by human body activities without any batteries, and the neural-modulation can be controlled by photo illumination on/off as wireless switch. To demonstrate the application of the e-skin in characterizing synaptic changes, we connect the device to the hippocampus of the mouse brain. The e-skin neural stimulating in the CA3 of mouse hippocampus and simultaneous recording field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSP) in the CA1 demonstrate that the e-skin can successfully elicit post-synaptic responses for in vivo characterization of synaptic plasticity. This self-powered photo-operate e-skin can provoke a new research direction for realizing battery-free, wireless-control, electrical neural-stimulating systems with implications in biomedical engineering and neural science.

Active balancing of lithium‐ion battery cells using WPT as an energy carrier

This study develops a novel equaliser by combining wireless power transmission (WPT) and switch array for series-connected batteries. The physical isolation achieved by WPT can offer unique benefits that traditional equalisers can hardly provide. Parameters of the WPT system are properly designed to achieve an equivalent constant-current output, which can maximise the speed of balance and ensure the health of batteries. This methodology can ensure each battery is connected independently to the inverter through the switch array circuit. Therefore, balancing for either a single battery or multiple batteries can be achieved. In the experiment, the prototype system is built. Experimental results show that the proposed equalisation system can achieve high overall system efficiency (above 87.2%) when balancing four series-connected battery modules.

ПОРІВНЯЛЬНИЙ АНАЛІЗ ПРОПУСКНОЇ ЗДАТНОСТІМАЛОПОТУЖНИХ БЕЗПРОВОДОВИХ IOT-КОМУТАТОРІВ..

The article presents the research and comparative analysis of the bandwidth of low-power wireless IoT devices as wireless switches. The following IoT devices were investigated: Raspberry Pi 3 Model B and Raspberry Pi Zero W. The DS18B20 and INA219 sensors investigated and analyzed the dependence of FTP multimedia data transmission speed on wireless Wi-Fi network on the temperature of the switch processor, temperature. The environment and the current and voltage consumed by the switch. Advantages of sensors with GPIO interface over analog meters for this experiment are revealed. Much of the work is devoted to the development of automation of results from GPIO interfaces, which helped eliminate human error and get more accurate metrics. Measurement automation was developed using Python 3.7 programming language. Using the INA219 library we were able to obtain current and voltage indicators from the ina219 board. To get temperature indicators sufficiently built into Python libraries to read temperature files in Raspbian. The article focuses on the synchronicity of measurement results records for more accurate analysis. Therefore, an FTP client was developed that measures the download speed of the file from the FTP server and records the results simultaneously with temperature, current and voltage measurements. To this end, attention is drawn to the multithreading in Python programming language and the transmission of commands using TCP sockets in that language. As a result, the dependence of the measured factors was calculated using the Pearson correlation formula. These measurement factors affect the autonomy and energy consumption, which is very important for IoT devices, and therefore, among the devices tested, recommendations were made regarding their choice when used depending on the conditions.

Solar Powered Light Automation System Using Wireless Multi-controlled Switches

Solar Powered Light Automation System Using Wireless Multi-controlled Switches

Design of optimized cantilever form of a piezoelectric energy harvesting system for a wireless remote switch

A smart lighting system can be controlled using a smartphone and/or human activated wireless remote switches. We designed a wireless remote switch using a cantilever type piezoelectric energy harvester to make a battery-less IoT node device that has high output power but a small tip displacement through frequency up-conversion. The purpose of this design is to overcome the conventional volume problem of the piezoelectric cantilever beam. In order to apply the high resonance frequency to the model at constant displacement, we set the limiting conditions of maximum vertical displacement of the cantilever beam to be 1 mm and a human input pressing force of 5–8 N, the force generally required when a human presses a switch button. In these limiting conditions, different shapes of steel substrate were used to find the optimal harvester that meets the limiting conditions and generates about 65 μJ of energy at 5 kΩ resistive loads under free vibration. Using this harvester, we designed a wireless remote switch with an impact type mechanical mechanism with two cantilever type energy harvesters to generate 140 μJ of energy, requiring no impedance matching circuit. This energy was then used to power a microcontroller to transmit data packets using ZigBee Green Power communication. Three identical data packets were transmitted by the wireless remote control switch to ensure data reception by the smart LED bulb and to toggle the bulb on or off state. Finally, this study successfully contributed to elevating the possibility of commercialization of the piezoelectric harvester based wireless remote switch for IoT.

Cloud Computing for Business

According to the Statists portal, the numbers of consumer cloud-based service users are reaching 3.4 billion, which is almost half of the world’s population, in 2018. This statistic clearly shows the cloud computing Technology has been expanding tremendously and it will be the future of Information technology. Cisco, HP and other enterprises IT corporations are introducing cloud-based equipment such as cloud-based wireless controllers, access points, switches, firewall and many other cloud-based infrastructures. Cloud computing is the great paradigm shift of information technology and business should aware of the wave that is shaking the whole industry. The main purpose of this paper is to identify and discuss the key components of cloud computing and cloud services for small to medium size businesses.

Overview of ISM Bands and Software-Defined Radio Experimentation

Wireless systems using low-power wireless communication protocol are rapidly gain popularity in the license-free industrial scientific, and medical (ISM) frequency bands. One such emerging trend in ISM frequency bands is home automation. Historically, all the home devices were once unconnected, today are now being connected either by a wired or wireless connection. The low-power wireless communication protocols enable integration of all the digital home devices into a single system and enhance end user product experience. The rapid prototyping of these end user product using programmable radio system such as software-defined radio (SDR) has been the game-changer in the field of home automation. In this article, we present an overview of popular ISM bands in different regions of the world. Furthermore, we analyze the signals from the wireless electric switch using a software-defined radio in 433 MHz ISM band.

Automation of liquid removal from natural gas wells

Water and other liquids can cause production problems for natural gas wells. An established but labour-intensive method for removing these liquids is the use of absorbent foam sticks, which are lowered into the wells and then lifted back up again. This paper presents an automated solution for launching foam sticks down gas wells and recovering them – and without the need for a grid electricity supply. The foam-stick launching apparatus has an enclosed magazine with several chambers. It is controlled by a solar-powered skid-mounted electric–pneumatic control system, which includes a storage battery, time relays, a wireless switch module and a compressed gas supply. A typical water-producing gas well was selected to illustrate the technology. Its successful application indicates that engineers can remove liquid from water-producing gas wells and bring them back to production normally using this novel artificial lift technology, which can also be used in remote areas with no electrical supply.

가로등 제어용 다층패드형 압전 하베스터의 개발 및 평가

In this study, to increase output of road piezoelectric energy harvester, it was made into rack type in which many piezoelectric materials can be installed and load transfer device of the leverage type to transfer vehicle load was made. By paving it in the road, the output characteristics depending on vehicle load and speed were evaluated. Changing vehicle load, harvester output characteristics depending on speed changes were evaluated at the interval of 10 km/h from 10 km/h to 100 km/h. Also, by making a wireless switch and sending wireless signal with output of rack type harvester, whether to receive it was evaluated by distance. It was checked that all switches work up to front-to-back 100 m from harvester.

Design of a multi-array piezoelectric energy harvester for a wireless switch

We propose a new soft-push-type piezoelectric energy harvester (PEH), a multi-array system for which we developed a self-powered wireless switch that uses infrared communication. Our results show its adequacy as a energy source in wireless switch in comparison with cantilever- and impact-type harvesters. The disadvantages of using PEHs in wireless switches is its large size and complicated mechanical system, which we overcame by designing a soft-push-type PEH. The technique presented reduces the large phase difference problem in two parallel connected piezoelectric beams to 3%. Based on this result, our circuit requires only single rectifier as compared to two rectifiers for each piezoelectric cantilever beam, thus reducing the size of the circuit board and production cost. Proposed PEH works at non-resonance and its resistive impedance matching is reduced to half, to 250 kΩ by connecting the two beams in parallel and to achieve a power output of 4 mW. This soft-push-type harvester generated 324 μJ of energy with one push when connected to a wireless transmitter circuit.

Spiderman Handover for Railway Communications

In this paper, we propose a new mechanism, called the Spiderman Handover, for enabling Wi-Fi technology to support high speed mobility. It introduces two new 802.11 operational modes: the Spiderman mode and the Wireless Switch Access Point mode. We describe its operation, highlighting the Spiderman Handover and the Gratuitous ARP Loop routing update procedure as key elements for providing seamless horizontal handover for high-speed vehicles such as trains. We discuss and evaluate its operation theoretically and by means of simulation, concluding that the proposed mechanism is able to provide track-side connectivity with virtually no packet loss while keeping the observed latency invariant to the handover frequency.

A mechanism achieving low latency for wireless datacenter applications

Recently, several wireless/optical datacenter architectures are designed to overcome the drawbacks of wired datacenter topologies, such as expensive high-end switches, high cabling complexity, congestion caused by a few hot nodes. Compared with wired switches, current commodity wireless switches usually suffer lower throughput as well as higher packet loss ratio and latency. However, todays datacenter applications, such as web search, require quite low latency to improve user experience. In this paper, a mechanism, named pECN, is proposed to achieve low latency for delay-sensitive flows. pECN makes use of Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) to maintain a small queue length and a priority-based scheduling mechanism to provide delay differentiated services. The priority-based scheduling mechanism works at the packet level. When transmitting, the packet with the highest priority will be sent. Since the queue length is controlled within a small value by the ECN mechanism, the scheduling mechanism does not incur large overhead. Also, since it works at the packet level, it can support unlimited number of services. Besides, pECN does not need to maintain any flow state at switches. We implemented the proposed mechanism and evaluated the performance on the ns-2 platform. The simulation results show that pECN works better compared with TCP, DCTCP and D2TCP in terms of the flow completion time and the number of flows that can be supported without compromising deadlines.

A Radio Frequency Remote Switch for Home and Office Appliance

In modern society, more appliances have been presented in a home and office. It comes out a problem that how to manage and control these increasing various appliances efficiently and conveniently so as to achieve more comfortable, security and healthy space at home. This paper presents a new concept of home automation as a solution to save the cost and reduce the cost of material (cable) and also to reduce the voltage drop in the wiring system for a home and office. The result for this paper is based onapplication of the wireless switch (transmitter and receiver) for home appliance such as lighting, fan only that installed at terrace house. A procedure has been developed to predict, study, design, simulate and troubleshooting the RF Remote Switch. This paper also discuss and made a comparison with the current wiring system in terms of cost saving, maintenance and voltage drop.