Wireless Sensor Network Module Research Articles

Monitoring Environment Safety Control Automation for Coalmine based on WSN-IoT

Miners' safety is indeed a critical issue, encompassing various challenges that put their health and lives at risk. Mining processes often emit hazardous and toxic fumes, posing serious risks to the health and safety of workers involved in these operations. This issue places significant strain on the mining industry, as it must continually work to mitigate these risks and ensure the well-being of its workforce. The research focuses on detecting temperature, fire, and harmful gases in coal mines using sensors in a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) module. The detected data is then transmitted through a serial interface and sent to the corresponding location through the IoT cloud using Zigbee. The device provides an early warning system that assists miners in saving their lives before any fatalities occur. This is achieved through the establishment of a wireless sensor network using IoT technology. The proteus tool is used for designing the proposed work.

Design of intelligent robots for tourism management service based on green computing.

The modular intelligent robot platform has important application prospects in the field of tourism management services. Based on the intelligent robot in the scenic area, this paper constructs a partial differential analysis system for tourism management services, and adopts the modular design method to complete the hardware design of the intelligent robot system. Through system analysis, the whole system is divided into 5 major modules, including core control module, power supply module, motor control module, sensor measurement module, wireless sensor network module, to solve the problem of quantification of tourism management services. In the simulation process, the hardware development of wireless sensor network node is carried out based on MSP430F169 microcontroller and CC2420 radio frequency wireless communication chip, and the corresponding physical layer and MAC (Media Access Control) layer data definition and data definition of IEEE802.15.4 protocol are completed for software implementation, and data transmission and networking verification. The experimental results show that the encoder resolution is 1024P/R, the power supply voltage is DC5V5%, and the maximum response frequency is 100 kHz. The algorithm designed by MATLAB software can avoid the existing shortcomings and meet the real-time requirements of the system, which significantly improves the sensitivity and robustness of the intelligent robot.

Poyen’s Fuzzy Logic Controlled Automatic Irrigation (FCAI): Precision Irrigation Scheduling Scheme

Water wastage is a grave problem in irrigation due to outdated methods. This work illustrates how a well-structured fuzzy rule base can eliminate the issue and utilize water at an optimized level. Poyen’s fuzzy logic controlled automatic irrigation (Poyen’s FCAI) efficiently manages the water requirement needs in irrigation processes considering the evapotranspiration (ET) loss and cultivating conditions. Poyen’s FCAI essentially comprises two modules, the wireless sensor network (WSN) and information processing module to perform the assigned task effectively and efficiently. The wireless sensor unit (WSU) accumulates the necessary data, determines the ET loss, and runs the decision logic before conveying it to the execution unit, i.e., the wireless information processing unit (WIPU). The WIPU executes the decision by manipulating the water delivery system, ensuring that the field receives the optimum volume of water. This article illustrates the fuzzy model with simulation output. The model is field-tested with and without the control action over two seasons and in adjacent plots. The results show promising improvements in both water management and crop yield due to more accurate conditions. Hence, we obtain a superior automatic irrigation prototype model for all soil types, across different growth stages, and for all crops with an exhaustive lookup table in place.

Node Location Method of Ecological Environment Monitoring Network Based on Zigbee

In view of the poor initialization performance of ecological environment monitoring network node location, a method of ecological environment monitoring network node location based on Zigbee is proposed. The node data collection model of ecological environment monitoring network is built based on Zigbee, and the performance is stable, which is more suitable for the node location of the ecological environment monitoring network; it is hoped that this study can provide reliable value reference and help for the future ecological studies. Through the installation of different types of sensors, the data of the ecological environment monitoring network nodes are automatically collected and sent to the server. The static weight coefficient of the collected data of the ecological environment monitoring network nodes is modified. According to the modified results, the ecological environment monitoring network is modified by DV‐HOP positioning algorithm. The nodes of the ecological environment monitoring network are located by the three‐way positioning method. The experimental results show that the initialization performance of this method is better, the accuracy is about 98%, and it is stable. It is more suitable for the node location of ecological environment monitoring network, which mainly includes ZigBee wireless sensor network module, embedded ARM, and Linux.

Intrusion Detection Algorithm and Simulation of Wireless Sensor Network under Internet Environment

As an effective security protection technology, intrusion detection technology has been widely used in traditional wireless sensor network environments. With the rapid development of wireless sensor network technology and wireless sensor network applications, the wireless sensor network data traffic also grows rapidly, and various kinds of viruses and attacks appear. Based on the temporal correlation characteristics of the intrusion detection dataset, we propose a multicorrelation‐based intrusion detection model for long‐ and short‐term memory wireless sensor networks. The model selects the optimal feature subset through the information gain feature selection module, converts the feature subset into a TAM matrix using the multicorrelation analysis algorithm, and inputs the TAM matrix into the long‐ and short‐term memory wireless sensor network module for training and testing. Aiming at the problems of low detection accuracy and high false alarm rate of traditional machine learning‐based wireless sensor network intrusion detection models in the intrusion detection process, a wireless sensor network intrusion detection model combining two‐way long‐ and short‐term memory wireless sensor network and C5.0 classifier is proposed. The model first uses the hidden layer of the bidirectional long‐ and short‐term memory wireless sensor network to extract the features of the intrusion detection data set and finally inputs extracted features into the C5.0 classifier for training and classification. In order to illustrate the applicability of the model, the experiment selects three different data sets as the experimental data sets and conducts simulation performance analysis through simulation experiments. Experimental results show that the model had better classification performance.

Low power consumption and reliability of wireless communication network in intelligent parking system

With the rapid increase in the number of vehicles in our country, parking and parking management are becoming more and more difficult. Use information technology to improve the use of parking spaces and improve the efficiency of parking management, it is an effective way to alleviate the parking problem. In 2015, the research on "Internet + parking" accelerated rapidly in China. And various intelligent parking system models are introduced. Firstly, the parking conditions at home and abroad are studied, and the existing parking systems are analyzed. It is found that the current parking system can hardly be used in public parking areas such as residential areas, roadside and square. In order to solve the core part of intelligent parking system in public parking IoT Low energy consumption parking space control. Using new detection technology, parking lock control technology, wireless sensor network technology, solar charging technology, power management technology. Parking space detection module, parking lock control module and wireless sensor network module and power control management module with additional solar charging are designed. There are three problems specifically for intelligent parking in public parking lots: parking detection and automatic control, low-energy wireless signal transmission, efficient power management, effectively improve the performance of intelligent parking system and reduce energy consumption. This paper uses advanced wireless technology to construct and design intelligent parking system. Through the research on the development and management characteristics and application examples of intelligent transportation in developed countries such as Europe and America, based on China's basic national conditions and advanced wireless communication technology, radio frequency technology and computer technology research, establish an integrated system. Finally, the performance and power consumption of the intelligent parking system are tested, to ensure the feasibility of the system, this kind of system has certain application value in the scenario of resource sharing and intelligent management of public parking spaces.

Embedded Based Drip Irrigation System using WSN and GSM Module

Agriculture plays the vital role in economics and survival of people in India. Nowadays Indian agriculture faces a two major problem. We know the government has promoted a free supply of electricity to farmers for irrigation purpose to run their motors and pumps. But it is found that the farmers misusing the electricity to run their home appliances such as radio, TV, fans, and etc. This misuse of electricity has brought a considerable problem for government to supply free electricity. The main objective of this project is to design low cost Automated Irrigation System using a Wireless Sensor Network and GPRS Module. The main aim of this project is to provide embedded based system for irrigation to reduce the manual monitoring of the field and GPRS gives their information. This proposed system recognizes whether the free electricity has been used excluding electric motors for pumping water and if so electricity is being misused, it shuts the total stockpile for the farmers through a tripping circuit. By using wireless networks we can intimate the electricity board about this mal convention. The development of this project at experimental level within rural areas is presented and the implementation has to exhibit that the automatic irrigation can be used.

A novel position estimation method using accelerometer based error correction

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to present a novel position estimation method to accurately locate an object. An accelerometer-based error correction method is also developed to correct the positioning error caused by signal drift of a wireless network. Finally, the method is also utilized to locate cows in a farm for monitoring the action of standing heat.Design/methodology/approach– The proposed method adopts the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) of a wireless sensor network (WSN) to compute the position of an object. The RSSI signal can be submitted from an endpoint device. A complex environment destabilizes the RSSI value, making the position estimation inaccurate. Therefore, a three-axial accelerometer is adopted to correct the position estimation accuracy. Timer and acceleration are two major factors in computing the error correction value to adjust the position estimate.Findings– The proposed method is tested on a farm management system for positioning dairy cows accurately. Devices with WSN module and three-axial accelerometer are mounted on the cows to monitor their positions and actions.Research limitations/implications– If cows in a crowded farm are close to each other, then the position estimation method is unable to position each cow correctly because too many close objects cause interference in the wireless network.Practical implications– Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method improves the position accuracy, and monitor the heat action of the cows effectively.Originality/value– No position estimation method has been utilized to locate cows in a farm, especially for monitoring their actions via WSN and accelerometer. The proposed method adopts an accelerometer to efficiently improve the position error caused from the signal drift of WSN.

Design and Implementation of an Industrial Wireless Sensor Network for Temperature Monitoring

Temperature signal is one of the key parameters in industrial processes. Accurate and effective temperature monitoring may provide necessary device information to the operator and prevent unexpected catastrophic equipment faults due to device overheat. Compared with wired monitoring system, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) monitoring system has many advantages, such as low cost and convenient installation. This paper proposes and implements a multichannel temperature monitoring system based on WSNs module, Jennic JN5139. The hardware circuit design of the sensor node and the software design for WSNs nodes and the centralized computer using C language and LabVIEW respectively are given in detailed. An optimization subsection algorithm based on least square for thermocouple nonlinear calibration is also explored to increase the measurement accuracy. The prototype system is evaluated with an electric furnace temperature monitoring system. The experimental results show the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed system.

A Novel Wireless Mobile Platform to Locate and Gather Data From Optical Fiber SensorsIntegrated Into a WSN

This paper presents a novel design for a wireless mobile platform to locate and gather data from different types of optical fiber sensors, thereby enabling the more effective integration of a number of such optical fiber sensors with an advanced mobile wireless sensor network (WSN). This then more readily permits potential applications, such as monitoring in remote and harsh environments and tracking, exploiting fully the combined advantages offered both by the mobile WSN and the advanced optical fiber sensing technologies. The platform which was designed and implemented consists of an optical fiber sensor module and a smart mobile WSN module, which shows important advantages for mobile sensing and tracking and mesh networking. In this paper, a fiber Bragg grating-based temperature sensor and an intrinsic pH optical fiber sensor were specially designed and integrated successfully into the optical fiber sensor module as an exemplar to investigate the performance of the integrated system based on the mobile WSN platform. The positive experimental results obtained have confirmed the functionality of the platform designed and demonstrated its capacity for real-time optical fiber sensor data monitoring, processing, and wireless transmission. The successful creation of this type of wireless mobile platform with optical fiber sensors can thus be expected to make an important impact on a number of sectors, where either conventional optical sensor designs or WSNs alone cannot meet the systems requirements.

English

Agriculture plays the major role in economics and survival of people in India. Nowadays Indian agriculture faces a two major problem. They are as follows we know government has promoted a free supply of electricity for farmers to run their motors and pumps for irrigation purpose. But it is found that the farmers misusing the electricity to run their home appliances such as radio, TV, fans, etc. This misuse of electricity has brought a considerable problem for government to supply free electricity. The main aim of this project is to design low cost Automated Irrigation System using a Wireless Sensor Network and GPRS Module. The Purpose of this project is to provide embedded based system for irrigation to reduce the manual monitoring of the field and get the information in the form of GPRS. This proposed system recognizes whether the free electricity has been used other than electric motors for pumping water and if so electricity is being misused, it shuts the total supply for the farmers through a tripping circuit. By using wireless networks we can intimate the electricity board about these mal practices. The development of this project at experimental scale within rural areas is presented and the implementation was to demonstrate that the automatic irrigation can be used to reduce water use.

Response surface methodology based power consumption and RF propagation analysis and optimization on XBee WSN module

One of the most important issues in wireless sensor networks (WSN) is reduction of power consumption, prolonging the network lifetime (for battery powered networks) or reducing the induced $$\hbox {CO}_{2}$$CO2 emissions (for grid powered networks). Power consumption reduction can be achieved in various ways: transmitter power control, duty cycling, data reduction and others. This paper analyses the impact of several parameters on power consumption of Digi's XBee PRO of shelf WSN modules. To determine the conditions for transmitter power control, this paper presents measurement analysis for indoor RF propagation in order to determine the minimum received signal strength for high data transfer reliability. Measurement analysis is conducted using response surface methodology and the conclusions based on the respective measurement results are given resulting in a mathematical model of the node's power consumption. Also, optimization of power consumption is shown for various parameters using desirability functions, where optimal parameters for minimum power consumption are presented.

An Intelligent Fault Detection Method of a Photovoltaic Module Array Using Wireless Sensor Networks

This study developed a fault diagnosis meter based on a ZigBee wireless sensor network (WSN) for photovoltaic power generation systems. First, the Solar Pro software was used to simulate the 9-series, 2-parallel photovoltaic module array formed with the Sharp NT-R5E3E photovoltaic module as well as record the power generation data of the photovoltaic module array at different levels of solar radiation, module temperature, and fault conditions. The derived data were used to establish the weights of the extension neural network (ENN). The fault diagnosis in the photovoltaic power generation system required extracting the system's power generation data and real-time solar radiation and module temperatures; this study thus developed an acquisition circuit for measuring these characteristic values. This study implemented extension neural network theory using a PIC single chip microcontroller and incorporated the ZigBee wireless sensor network module to construct a portable fault diagnosis meter to assess the photovoltaic power generation system. The experimental results showed that the proposed portable fault diagnosis meter based on the extension neural network for the photovoltaic power generation system possessed a high level of accuracy in fault identification.

Investigation of smart multifunctional optical sensor platform and its application in optical sensor networks

In this article, a smart multifunctional optical system-on-a-chip (SOC) sensor platform is presented and its application for fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor interrogation in optical sensor networks is investigated. The smart SOC sensor platform consists of a superluminescent diode as a broadband source, a tunable microelectromechanical system (MEMS) based Fabry-Perot filter, photodetectors, and an integrated microcontroller for data acquisition, processing, and communication. Integrated with a wireless sensor network (WSN) module in a compact package, a smart optical sensor node is developed. The smart multifunctional sensor platform has the capability of interrogating different types of optical fiber sensors, including Fabry-Perot sensors and Bragg grating sensors. As a case study, the smart optical sensor platform is demonstrated to interrogate multiplexed FBG strain sensors. A time domain signal processing method is used to obtain the Bragg wavelength shift of two FBG strain sensors through sweeping the MEMS tunable Fabry-Perot filter. A tuning range of 46 nm and a tuning speed of 10 Hz are achieved. The smart optical sensor platform will open doors to many applications that require high performance optical WSNs.

Thermoelectric Energy Harvesting for Building Energy Management Wireless Sensor Networks

A thermoelectric energy harvester powered wireless sensor networks (WSNs) module designed for building energy management (BEM) applications is built and tested in this work. An analytic thermoelectric generator (TEG) electrical model is built and verified based on parameters given in manufacturer data sheets of Bismuth Telluride TEGs. A charge pump/switching regulator two-stage ultra-low voltage step-up DC/DC converter design is presented in this work to boost the <0.5 V output voltage of TEG to usable voltage level for WSN (3.3 V). The design concept, device simulation, circuits schematic, and the measurement results are presented in detail. The prototype device test results show 25% end-to-end conversion efficiency in a wide range of input temperatures/voltages. Further tests demonstrate that the proposed thermoelectric generator design can effectively power WSN module which operates with a 1.7% duty cycle (5.8 seconds measurement time interval) when the prototype is placed on a typical wall-mount heater (60°C surface temperature). The thermoelectric energy harvesting powered WSN demonstrates duty cycles significantly higher than the required duty cycle for BEM WSN applications.

The Device Design of Driving Cars Astern Based on the Wireless Sensor Networks Node

This work uses a Wireless Sensor Networks(WSN) module to design the device of driving cars astern. The WSN node integrates MCU CC2430 and MCU C8051F120. CC2430 has 2.4 GHz IEEE 802.15.4 compliant RF transceiver. The device of driving cars astern can play a more important role when CC2430 communicates with C8051F120. This paper shows how to design an device of driving car astern. It should be applied widely.

Multifunctional optical MEMS sensor platform with heterogeneous fiber optic Fabry–Pérot sensors for wireless sensor networks

A multifunctional optical sensor platform based on the microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology is developed with the aim of miniaturizing conventional bulky optical measurement systems for application in future optical wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Low-coherence interferometry is used as the sensing principle, which allows for high performance sensing with multiple heterogeneous sensors. The entire platform with the associated electric circuit has a footprint of 2in.×1.8in.×0.75in., which are integrated with a conventional WSN module to form an optical WSN node. The multifunctionality of the platform is successfully demonstrated for simultaneous interrogation of a Fabry–Pérot (FP) pressure sensor and a FP temperature sensor. To prove the optical sensor platform's multifunctionality, chemical sensing is also demonstrated with a FP sensor. The multifunctional optical sensor platform and the optical WSN node will enable optical WSNs, which are expected to impact many fronts including those space-constrained applications and monitoring in harsh environments.

A biologically inspired intelligent environment architecture for mobile robot navigation

Localisation in conventional autonomous robot navigation using centralised on-board intelligence faces many challenging issues. Steering away from the centralised on-board solution, this paper proposes a distributed approach by deploying distributed wireless nodes that comprise of vision sensors and embedded computers to process images, localise the robot and dynamic obstacles, navigate and control the robot. This schema releases massive on-board information processing required by conventional autonomous robot to its operation environment. The objective is to enable robots with limited intelligence to carry out complex navigation functions. The architectural design and realisation for connecting wireless vision sensors in the environment for global robot navigation path planning and local motion control is described. The paper gives a review of the proposed algorithms. The details of the wireless sensor network connectivity, system functions and modules, organisation and connection of the system components are described. The hardware and software realisation and experiment results are also discussed.

Development of a Microelectromechanical System (MEMS)-Based Multisensor Platform for Environmental Monitoring

Recent progress in data processing, communications and electronics miniaturization is now enabling the development of low-cost wireless sensor networks (WSN), which consist of spatially distributed autonomous sensor modules that collaborate to monitor real-time environmental conditions unobtrusively and with appropriate levels of spatial and temporal granularity. Recent and future applications of this technology range from preventative maintenance and quality control to environmental modelling and failure analysis. In order to fabricate these low-cost, low-power reliable monitoring platforms, it is necessary to improve the level of sensor integration available today. This paper outlines the microfabrication and characterization results of a multifunctional multisensor unit. An existing fabrication process for Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor CMOS-compatible microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) structures has been modified and extended to manufacture temperature, relative humidity, corrosion, gas thermal conductivity, and gas flow velocity sensors on a single silicon substrate. A dedicated signal conditioning circuit layer has been built around this MEMS multisensor die for integration on an existing low-power WSN module. The final unit enables accurate readings and cross-sensitivity compensation thanks to a combination of simultaneous readings from multiple sensors. Real-time communication to the outside world is ensured via radio-frequency protocols, and data collection in a serial memory is also made possible for diagnostics applications.

A System Design and Implementation of Home Monitoring Based on ZigBee Technology

Based on the ZigBee technology, Home monitoring system has been designed and implemented in Wireless Sensor Network, intelligent wheelchair, and communication modules. The system works on the existing TD-SCDMA network. The working principle of the system, hardware and software designing are described in detail. After the test, the information collection of indoor environment and user physiological indexes were realized well, and could transmit in time. The purpose of remote monitoring has been achieved. This system has high practical value.