Remote Wireless Research Articles

Electrical faults diagnoses and classification adoptring an intelligent relaying system

This paper demonstrates the construction, designing analysis and control strategies for electrical faults diagnoses and classification adoptring an intelligent relaying system while supplying power. Relays are installed devices that can be added to any electrical circuit and allow remote wireless control of anything else connected to that circuit.The main purpose of the proposed smart protection system in the current study is to improve the dynamic performance of IEEE 9-Bus network to try to reduce interruptions and power outages due to some emergencies or intended accidents in the electric system through. The installation of a protection system with an intelligent relay using fuzzy logic control to protect the electrical system by separating the parts that have malfunctioned while keeping the parts that did not fault by issuing a disconnection signal or directing the circuit breaker in charge, Therefore, the protection system must be active and resolute by separating the symmetrical and asymmetrical faults from the electrical system and within the local and international standard specifications of the approved protection systems. It is worth noting that the MATLAB program and mathematical simulation, version R2019, were used to demonstrate the performance of the system.

Research on Architecture Design of Mobile Video Surveillance System in Information Room Based on Intelligent Robot Technology

With the gradual development of information technology, the idea of combining mobile robot and wireless remote control technology is adopted to build a wireless network platform between a computer and robot. At present, there are conditions to realize this idea. In this idea, the wireless data transmission can be realized on the platform. Users can remotely control and access the monitoring system of the computer room and set up alarm systems and detectors, so as to monitor the working conditions of the robot at the computer terminal, truly realize the man-machine coordination, and ensure that the robot can complete the specified tasks well in various complex environments. This research first deeply analyzes the current development status and existing problems of the information room monitoring technology and then puts forward the mobile video monitoring system architecture of the information room based on the intelligent robot monitoring technology. The system architecture integrates computer technology, network technology, and control technology. With the continuous updating of technology, video surveillance has also entered the mobile era. Combined with the timely monitoring video acquisition system of mobile robots, it solves the current working environment for many industries and enterprises. Using robot chassis technology, it designs the corresponding bottom hardware control and upper equipment to achieve data acquisition with related equipment. The mobile video surveillance system solves the problems encountered by the traditional video surveillance system and can monitor video images through remote operation and centrally monitors the operation status of the equipment in the room and the environmental status of the room, which is more conducive to improving the management efficiency. It provides a new idea to ensure the safe and stable operation of various equipment and systems in various places.

Design and implementation of DC linear actuator and stepper motor for remote control of the driverless tractor robot

This research was to propose the DC linear actuators and a stepper motor as mechanical drive systems such as brake pedal, clutch pedal, forward-reverse gearshift, gear position selection, tail-lifting system to lift the chemical tank, and the speed selection system of power take-off (PTO). The DC linear actuators were used instead of the muscles, arms, and legs of the human being. The stepper motor was used to control the steering direction of a driverless tractor robot. The control was based on the programmable logic controller and radio remote control for the driverless tractor robots. Both MATLAB/Simulink simulation and experimental results were the validation and satisfactorily achieved. The test results of the driverless tractor robot in spraying water on a football field were satisfactory steering response and rapid braking.

Tailored P/Si-decorated graphene oxide-based fire sensor for sensitive detection at low-temperature via local and remote wireless transmission

Fire sensors are highly promising in maintaining public fire safety. However, it has certain deficiencies in sensitivity and intelligence even after its development for several years. Developing an advanced fire sensor remains a considerable challenge. This work proposes a novel early thermos-sensitive fire sensor based on phosphorous (P) / silicon (Si) - decorated graphene oxide (GO) by layer-by-layer assembly (LBL) technology. This early-warning film can achieve an ultrafast response within 1 s at a low temperature of 250 °C or an actual fire during the simulation scenario. Intriguingly, an intelligent custom-made wireless communication system is designed to show warning messages on multiple local and long-range computer screens at distances up to 20 km from the target fire area. Furthermore, the pre-designed functional solution can be a fire-warning nano-coating layer wrapped into flexible polyurethane (FPU) foam. This illustrates the feasibility of tuning novel fire-warning nano-coating onto flammable FPU for fire sensors. These results may provide new insights into advanced smart low-temperature fire-warning coating strategies and a new generation of wireless combined fire sensors.

Theory of Dronized Laser Source for Next Generation of Optical Wireless Power Transmission

A theory of dronized laser resonator source which can be applied effectively to achieve an efficient remote wireless optical power transmission (WOPT) for the next 6G mobile communications, internet of things (IoT) devices, and continuous flying unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) is proposed. The proposed laser resonator composes mainly of mirrors and a gain element that can be carried individually by drones to form a relatively long cavity. The airborne components can be assembled according to a specified formation flight of drones to configure a flying laser cavity that exposes its output towards the corresponding target. The stability of the proposed device is theoretically analyzed in terms of main important intracavity parameters, such as length, g-geometrical parameters, and radius of curvature of mirrors. Accordingly, the performance of the confocal symmetric laser resonator is determined in terms of mode size, beam waist size, and beam divergence angle of the fundamental mode in presence of refractive power variation. Simulation results have shown that a stable operation over a wide range of refractive power of confocal long laser resonator can be obtained when the value of curvature of mirror approaches resonator length. In addition, an acceptable fundamental mode size at gain element and mirrors is obtained with an expected efficient gain medium excitation and low diffraction loss.

A 3D Printing Triboelectric Sensor for Gait Analysis and Virtual Control Based on Human–Computer Interaction and the Internet of Things

Gait is the information that can reflect the state index of the human body, and at the same time, the leg is the organ with the maximum output power of the human body. Effective collection of maximum mechanical power output and gait information can play an important role in sustainable energy acquisition and human health monitoring. In this paper, a 3D printing triboelectric nanogenerator (3D printed TENG) is fabricated by 3D printing technology, it is composited of Poly tetra fluoroethylene (PTFE) film, Nylon film, and 3D printing substrate. Based on the principle of friction electrification and electrostatic induction, it can be used as the equipment for human sustainable mechanical energy collection and gait monitoring. In order to solve the problems of energy collection, gait monitoring, and immersion experience, we conducted the following experiments. Firstly, the problem of sustainable energy recovery and reuse of the human body was solved. Three-dimensionally printed TENG was used to collect human mechanical energy and convert it into electric energy. The capacitor of 2 μF can be charged to 1.92 V in 20 s. Therefore, 3D printed TENG can be used as a miniature sustainable power supply for microelectronic devices. Then, the gait monitoring software is used to monitor human gait, including the number of steps, the frequency of steps, and the establishment of a personal gait password. This gait password can only identify a specific individual through machine learning. Through remote wireless transmission means, remote real-time information monitoring can be achieved. Finally, we use the Internet of Things to control virtual games through electrical signals and achieve the effect of human–computer interaction. The peak search algorithm is mainly used to detect the extreme points whose amplitude is greater than a certain threshold and the distance is more than 0.1 s. Therefore, this study proposed a 3D printed TENG method to collect human mechanical energy, monitor gait information, and then conduct human–computer interaction, which opened up a multi-dimensional channel for human energy and information interaction.

First Experience in Monitoring of Line Surge Arresters Installed on 110 kV Transmission Line Ston – Komolac in Croatia

In paper are presented some first results and experience in real time monitoring of line surge arresters installed on 110 kV transmission line Ston – Komolac in southern part of Croatia. Mentioned line is the first line in Croatian transmission network equipped with line surge arresters (LSA). The line with its length of 43,95 km is situated in region with high soil resistance, exposed to one of the highest level of lightning activity in Croatia. At the same time it is the most important line in connecting HPP Dubrovnik (240 MVA) to the main part of 110 kV transmission network. Due to all mentioned reasons and great number of annual outages, it was decided to equip the line with LSA for improving the lightning performance and the availability of line. As result of performed numerical simulations on simulation line model it was decided to install 110 kV gapless, IEC Class II line arresters. Also, to improve analysis of expected results the 61 line arresters were equipped with Excount-II type of monitoring sensors. The main goal was to determine the behaviour of line arresters arrangement across the line during overvoltage events on towers. This installed “realtime” monitoring system enables remote control and wireless exchange the collected data from local data logger installed on LSA. Line arresters activity is monitoring through numbers, date and time and level of surges and the condition state of LSA, through the measuring of leakage current. First results in application of LSA are showing significant reduction of line outages with registered relatively strong activity of monitored line arresters. Also, as it was expected some particular part of line is espied to be exposed to higher frequency and higher level of registered arresters surge current. During collecting the data of LSA activity, some practical problems were encountered with time synchronization between monitoring devices and it is mentioned and discussed in paper, too. Although the analysed time period of eight months with LSA application is too short to allow strong final conclusions, obtained first experience will be very helpful in assessment of further LSA application in Croatian transmission network.

Remote wireless monitoring of localized corrosion using compact solitary waves

This article presents a method to monitor corrosion remotely, based on highly nonlinear solitary waves, which are compact and nondispersive. In the study presented in this article, two types of solitary wave transducers were used to monitor accelerated localized corrosion on a steel plate. The first type consists of a chain of spherical particles surmounted by a commercial solenoid wired to, and controlled by, a data acquisition system used to lift and release the first particle of the chain and induce the mechanical impacts and stress waves in the chain. The chain included a piezoelectric wafer disk, also wired to the same data acquisition system, to sense, digitize, and store the propagating waves for post-processing. The second type of transducer was identical to the first one but the data acquisition system was replaced by a wireless node that communicated with a mobile device using a Bluetooth connection. Eight transducers were used to monitor the plate for over a week to detect the onset and progression of localized corrosion. Corrosion detection was performed by extracting a few features from the time waveforms and feeding these features to an outlier analysis algorithm based on the Mahalanobis distance. The results of the experiment showed the effectiveness of the proposed monitoring approach at detecting defects close to the transducers and confirm previous numerical predictions by the authors. The experiments also provided evidence that the performance of the wireless transducers is nearly identical to the performance of their wired counterparts, paving the way to a new paradigm for the structural health monitoring of remote structural components in harsh environments.

Моделирование резонансной спиральной электрически малой антенны

Currently, the development of methods and means of data transmission through absorbing media and shielding obstacles for organizing wireless communication and remote control of technological equipment and industrial robots, including those in the mining industry, is an urgent area of research. As experimental studies in mine workings have shown, radio systems with high-quality tuned resonant antennas from hundreds of kHz to several of MHz with a narrow operating frequency band suitable for transmitting low-speed signals turned out to be promising. In this article, a model of a resonant helical electrically small antenna (ESA) with an electrical size of 0.025 is considered. An equivalent circuit of this antenna is presented using an analytical description of its components. The results of a full-wave finite element analysis of a helical ESA using finite conductivity boundary are presented. Graphs are constructed that explain the resonant increase in the efficiency of the antenna. The obtained values of the efficiency of the spiral ESA are sufficient to create means of data transmission through absorbing media and imperfectly shielding obstacles.

Development of Agricultural Remote Wireless Internet of Things Device Based on Multi-hop Topology

Development of Agricultural Remote Wireless Internet of Things Device Based on Multi-hop Topology

UVC Sterilization Robot With Remote Wireless Mode and Autonomous Mode

Public concerns during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic in Indonesia, which began in early 2020 until now, are of particular concern. It is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 which can be spread by direct contact such as aerosols. In an effort to prevent and handle the spread of coronavirus, especially indoors, it can be done by disinfection and using ultraviolet-C (UVC) light sterilization. The use of UVC light sterilizers generally requires the operator to move the tool in the sterilization process, this fact is a concern because the operator must ensure the area can be exposed to UVC rays. This issue is what the author created to be able to design a UVC sterilization robot that can be controlled by wireless remote mode and autonomous mode in the hope of being able to sterilize the room properly controlled by the camera and seen from the control area using assistance. The design of the UVC robot for wireless remote mode and autonomous mode using Arduino UNO as a microcontroller, ESPCAM-32 as a camera function that is integrated with wifi connectivity, HC-SR04 sensor to detect the distance of the tool with its surroundings, battery, navigated robot using the blynk application and the BTS 7960 motor driver as a motor for the tool wheel. The UVC sterilization robot was tested by testing the function of the remote control mode, testing the autonomous mode and the function of the UVC lamp. From the results of the tests and analysis performed, the UVC disinfection robot can work well in both the wireless remote mode and the autonomous mode. UVC robot sterilization can be used mobile and automatically and can make it easier for operators to carry out sterilization in the room.

Overview of Key Technologies for Remote Wireless Operation Platform on Water Surface

The underwater environment is complicated and full of hazards, making it tough to complete with just one piece of underwater operation equipment. Building a high-speed, low-latency wireless connection between a remote wireless operation platform on water surface and other operation platforms in order to achieve long-distance transmission of high-definition image data and control commands, as well as collaborative operations among multiple platforms, has become a development trend and focus of exploring complex and dangerous waters. This paper summarizes and elaborates on underwater communication technology, long-distance data transmission technology, multi-submersible robot collaborative operation, and information interaction technology, as well as the development status of key technologies of remote wireless operation platform on water surface. And the research direction and focus of the remote wireless operation platform on water surface are prospected.

Optically Manipulated Neutrophils as Native Microcrafts In Vivo.

As the first line of host defense against invading pathogens, neutrophils have an inherent phagocytosis capability for the elimination of foreign agents and target loading upon activation, as well as the ability to transmigrate across blood vessels to the infected tissue, making them natural candidates to execute various medical tasks in vivo. However, most of the existing neutrophil-based strategies rely on their spontaneous chemotactic motion, lacking in effective activation, rapid migration, and high navigation precision. Here, we report an optically manipulated neutrophil microcraft in vivo through the organic integration of endogenous neutrophils and scanning optical tweezers, functioning as a native biological material and wireless remote controller, respectively. The neutrophil microcrafts can be remotely activated by light and then navigated to the target position along a designated route, followed by the fulfillment of its task in vivo, such as active intercellular connection, targeted delivery of nanomedicine, and precise elimination of cell debris, free from the extra construction or modification of the native neutrophils. On the basis of the innate immunologic function of neutrophils and intelligent optical manipulation, the proposed neutrophil microcraft might provide new insight for the construction of native medical microdevices for drug delivery and precise treatment of inflammatory diseases.

Prototype for wireless remote control of underwater robotic development

Human beings have been substituted with robots in the performance of tedious and risky activities that human beings do not like or are incapable of performing due to the size of restrictions or the existence of the world, such as outer space or the ocean's depths. It has evolved into a low-cost, dependable, and inexpensive medium that can be used by both scientific societies and different industries for various surveys, mapping, and other underwater activities. In this study of underwater robotics power, we create an underwater robot that can fly in three dimensions: up-down, left-right, and front-back. The robot's motion is monitored by three motors, which also enable it to perform other tasks. Due to the fact that one-third of the world's population lives within 100 kilometers of the ocean, and that we are so focused on land and atmospheric problems that we ignore the seas, it is important to observe marine life and calculate the temperature and strength of light underwater. This application allows determining the appropriate temperature and intensity for living sea creatures to preserve their lives.

Adversarial Autoencoder and Multi-Armed Bandit for Dynamic Difficulty Adjustment in Immersive Virtual Reality for Rehabilitation: Application to Hand Movement.

Motor rehabilitation is used to improve motor control skills to improve the patient’s quality of life. Regular adjustments based on the effect of therapy are necessary, but this can be time-consuming for the clinician. This study proposes to use an efficient tool for high-dimensional data by considering a deep learning approach for dimensionality reduction of hand movement recorded using a wireless remote control embedded with the Oculus Rift S. This latent space is created as a visualization tool also for use in a reinforcement learning (RL) algorithm employed to provide a decision-making framework. The data collected consists of motions drawn with wireless remote control in an immersive VR environment for six different motions called “Cube”, “Cylinder”, “Heart”, “Infinity”, “Sphere”, and “Triangle”. From these collected data, different artificial databases were created to simulate variations of the data. A latent space representation is created using an adversarial autoencoder (AAE), taking into account unsupervised (UAAE) and semi-supervised (SSAAE) training. Then, each test point is represented by a distance metric and used as a reward for two classes of Multi-Armed Bandit (MAB) algorithms, namely Boltzmann and Sibling Kalman filters. The results showed that AAE models can represent high-dimensional data in a two-dimensional latent space and that MAB agents can efficiently and quickly learn the distance evolution in the latent space. The results show that Sibling Kalman filter exploration outperforms Boltzmann exploration with an average cumulative weighted probability error of 7.9 versus 19.9 using the UAAE latent space representation and 8.0 versus 20.0 using SSAAE. In conclusion, this approach provides an effective approach to visualize and track current motor control capabilities regarding a target in order to reflect the patient’s abilities in VR games in the context of DDA.

Wireless Remote Controlled Linear Actuator Lamp

Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) signal refers to a wireless electromagnetic signal used as a form of communication if one is discussing wireless electronics. Radio waves are a form of electromagnetic radiation with identified radio frequencies that range from 3kHz to 300 GHz. Any electronic device is termed sophisticated, regarding the magnitude of human-device interface and thus enhancing the need to control any device to enable optimum utilization in any application. The ability to control any device needs the help of an intermediate device which acts as a medium between the human and device. This project’s goal is to create a lamp which can move upwards and downwards using linear actuator and can be controlled remotely. Atmega328p Microcontroller which is an open-source hardware and software that designs and manufactures single board microcontroller kits for building digital devices and interactive objects that can sense and control both physically and digitally. Keywords: Radio frequency, Wireless/Remotely, Atmega328p, Linear actuator, Lamp, Human-Device Interface.

Dynamic analysis of the e-SITR model for remote wireless sensor networks with noise and Sokol-Howell functional response

Wireless Sensor network (WSN) is used for a wide range of uses, including defense, healthcare, environmental tracking etc. In this work, we have formulated a Susceptible-infected-terminally infected-recovered (SITR) model to investigate the offensive worm dynamics in remote sensor networks utilizing Sokol-Howell functional response. The positive invariance and boundedness of the model have been investigated in the proposed work. In addition to that, the existence of possible equilibrium points with feasible conditions has been evaluated. The local stability of all equilibrium points and the global stability of the interior steady state of nodes are measured with the Rougth-Hurwitz criteria, Lasalle’s invariance principle, and Bendixson-Dulac criteria. The impact of noise on the proposed model is being investigated. The numerical imitations are carried out, which strengthens the diagnostic discoveries. Our numerical simulation reveals that growth rate, internode interference coefficients, and crashing rates are critical to the model's dynamics.

Flexible thermoelectric generators prepared by dispenser printing technology

Flexible thermoelectric generators (f-TEGs) can be used to supply power to wearable electronics or remote wireless sensors. Dispenser printing is an attractive f-TEG fabrication technique due to its direct-writing capability and cost-saving advantage. In this paper, we report the investigations of printing paste rheology, thermoelement sintering process and output performance of dispenser-printed f-TEGs. The sintered p- and n-type thermoelements exhibit high thermoelectric power factors of 23.2 and 19.1 μW/cm·K2, respectively, after optimization of both paste ingredients and sintering temperature. A planar f-TEGs containing 8 pairs of thermoelements can deliver a power of 68 μW under a temperature difference of 33 K. No performance degradation is detected for the f-TEG after 500 cycles of bending on a stainless-steel rod of 20 mm radius. The feasibility of powering a light-emitting-diode and charging a battery with a modular TEG containing seven f-TEGs is demonstrated.

Based on Arduino Design of Intelligent Exploration Vehicles

This paper details the design and implementation of the hardware circuit of the intelligent cart motion control system, and uses a variety of virtual reality and visual sensing technologies to design an environmental detection and search and rescue robot under complex conditions. Infrared technology is used to achieve the function of automatic obstacle avoidance of the trolley, ultrasonic technology is used to achieve the function of distance measurement, Bluetooth is used to achieve the function of wireless remote control of the trolley, GPS technology is used to display the geographical position of the trolley, a homemade bionic robotic arm is installed, and the robotic arm servo can be controlled by PC upper computer, Bluetooth and homemade body remote sensing controller to work to achieve the removal of obstacles and unknown environment and dangerous areas The information is collected through a PC, Bluetooth and a home-made body telemetry controller.

LSTM-Characterized Deep Reinforcement Learning for Continuous Flight Control and Resource Allocation in UAV-Assisted Sensor Network

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can be employed to collect sensory data in remote wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Due to UAV’s maneuvering, scheduling a sensor device to transmit data can overflow data buffers of the unscheduled ground devices. Moreover, lossy airborne channels can result in packet reception errors at the scheduled sensor. This article proposes a new deep reinforcement learning-based flight resource allocation framework (DeFRA) to minimize the overall data packet loss in a continuous action space. DeFRA is based on deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG), optimally controls instantaneous headings and speeds of the UAV, and selects the ground device for data collection. Furthermore, a state characterization layer, leveraging long short-term memory (LSTM), is developed to predict network dynamics, resulting from time-varying airborne channels and energy arrivals at the ground devices. To validate the effectiveness of DeFRA, experimental data collected from a real-world UAV testbed and energy harvesting WSN are utilized to train the actions of the UAV. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed DeFRA achieves a fast convergence while reducing the packet loss by over 15%, as compared to the existing deep reinforcement learning solutions.