Wireless Local Area Network Networks Research Articles

Implementasi Authentication Captive Portal Pada Wireless Local Area Network di PT. St. Morita Industries

PT. St. Morita Industries has a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) which is used as a medium for exchanging data and information by utilizing wireless transmission media, WLAN currently uses WPA2-PSK as a security system to authenticate users to access the internet. However, the use of WPA2-PSK as WLAN security still has a weakness due to the use of the same 1 password for many users in order to connect to the WLAN hotspot will be an opportunity for cyber crime. This happens because it will be very easy for irresponsible users to enter the WLAN. Therefore, in this study, captive portal authentication will be applied as an effort to increase WLAN security replaces WPA2-PSK. This research process uses the Network Development Life Cycle (NDLC) method. All the configurations needed to build the captive portal authentication take advantage of the Winbox program. This research has resulted in a special user authentication limitation for users who have registered on the WLAN is permitted to access this company's internet. In addition, the Winbox program can also be used for monitoring all users connected to the WLAN, both active and inactive users. By setting up captive portal authentication on a WLAN network using a proxy routerboard device which comprises an IP address, DHCP server, hostpot setup, NAT firewall, and DNS server one can create a WPA2-PSK security system. This configuration is completed with the aid of the Winbox v3.37 software.

On optimization of resource allocation for LTE aided by WLAN networks with unlicensed frequency bands in internet of vehicles

AbstractDue to the explosive growth of communication devices and vehicles, the ever‐increasing communication data traffic is a challenge for mobile communication in the Internet of Vehicles (IoV). A practical solution is to offload the traffic from cellular networks to Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), that is, WiFi, where the spectrum is license‐free. However, the coordination of unlicensed spectrum severely reduces the utilization rate on the spectrum. In this case, unlicensed networks assisted access is proposed to facilitate long‐term evolution technology in unlicensed spectrum (LTE‐U). To improve the data rate for LTE‐U and WLAN users, an allocation optimization scheme for the resources of the licensed and unlicensed spectrum is proposed. Accordingly, the data rate of LTE‐U users and WLAN users can be maximized by adjusting the transmit power and the frequency occupancy time ratio of the unlicensed spectrum for the small cell and WLAN users. Numerical results show that the proposed hybrid LTE networks with WLAN can improve the communication efficiency for the served users.

Next generation edge computing: A roadmap to net zero emissions

Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC, formerly, Mobile Edge Computing) offers users of Mobile Devices (MDs) such as smartphones advantages in computational task completion times by offloading to superior but geographically close computing resources. There is a need to make these services more sustainable (energy-efficient) as an initial step towards net zero emissions. We have modelled a zero-latency edge node-MD connection as a single base station linked to a devoted server with the MD transmitting and receiving data via a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) with, wherever possible, identifiable real-world power ratings. In this paper, we demonstrate that the total energy usage by the MD and edge node hardware can be markedly less than that of the MD alone in 3 G, 4 G and 5 G WLAN networks. The energy savings, computed as percentages of MD-alone energy usage, are independent of data file size, are greater with computationally more complex tasks, and have a higher MD CPU workload but moderate server CPU workloads. Energy savings are highly dependent on the precise configuration of the base station with server type (peak power rating, the number of CPU cores and the maximum number of jobs processed simultaneously). A 5 G base station has the highest power consumption, but this is offset by much faster WLAN speeds, which can result in energy savings in excess of 90% compared with MD computation alone. We discuss the implications of these results for reducing global electricity use and achieving carbon neutrality to contribute towards net zero emissions.

Threat Detection Model for WLAN of Simulated Data Using Deep Convolutional Neural Network

Security identification solutions against WLAN network attacks according to straightforward digital detectors, such as SSID, IP addresses, and MAC addresses, are not efficient in identifying such hacking or router impersonation. These detectors can be simply mocked. Therefore, a further protected key uses new information by combining these simple digital identifiers with an RF signature of the radio link. In this work, a design of a convolutional neural network (CNN) based on fingerprinting radio frequency (RF) is developed with computer-generated data. The developed CNN is trained with beacon frames of a wireless local area network (WLAN) that is simulated as a result of identified and unidentified router nodes of fingerprinting RF. The proposed CNN is able to detect router impersonators by comparing the data pair of the MAC address and RF signature of the received signal from the known and unknown routers. ADAM optimizer, which is the extended version of stochastic gradient descent, has been used with a developed deep learning convolutional neural network containing three fully connected and two convolutional layers. According to the training progress graphic, the network converges to around 100% accuracy within the first epoch, which indicates that the developed architecture was efficient in detecting router impersonations.

Characterizing User Association Patterns for Optimizing Small-Cell Edge System Performance

Edge computing is a promising paradigm to support multifarious time-sensitive applications. In this article, we shed light on data-driven approaches to optimize edge system performance via mining user association patterns in the wireless local area network (WLAN). Particularly, we first describe the association traces (containing more than 50,000 users) that are collected in one operational WLAN network. We then conduct the data analytics to mine user association patterns that have impacts on edge system performance. To leverage our findings, we propose three data-driven approaches to optimize the edge system performance, i.e., efficient edge resource deployment, mobility-aware user service migration, and distributed cooperative learning for edge intelligence. Finally, we cast a case study on distributed learning by devising a cooperation scheme, named CoLo (i.e., Co-Located learning), which can leverage the user association patterns to distribute learning tasks. Extensive data-driven experiments corroborate the efficacy of CoLo in comparison with state-of-the-art schemes.

Design of 60 GHz millimeter‐wave SIW antenna for 5G WLAN/WPAN applications

AbstractBroadband millimeter Wave (mmWave) transmission at the 60 GHz band is a great prospect to meet the demanding high data rate requirements of future wireless personal area network (WPAN) and wireless local area network (WLAN) 5G networks. This paper proposes a single layer H‐plane sectoral horn mmWave antenna at 60 GHz using substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology for the future high‐speed short range WPAN and WLAN networks. The benefits of the proposed antenna are high gain, low cost, small size, and ease of integration with other planar circuits. The proposed SIW horn is constructed with RT/duroid 5880 substrate, which has a relative permittivity and loss tangent with a thickness of 0.508 mm. The novelty of this work is; a wider bandwidth is achieved by adding striplines at the horn aperture to match the antenna with air and to increase the antenna operating bandwidth. In addition, the antenna gain is improved by adding a dielectric lens with the striplines at the radiating end. During these steps, the antenna parameters are tuned and optimized to achieve the best results as compared to related previous studies. The proposed antenna's performance is analyzed in terms of gain, return loss (S11) and radiation pattern at a frequency of 60 GHz. Simulation results are carried out by using industry standard software, Computer Simulation Technology (CST) microwave studio. The designed antenna achieves a peak gain of 13 dB and impedance bandwidth when , 8.6 GHz (13.688%) for the reflection coefficient of . The results show that the proposed antenna achieves stable tunable 60 GHz frequency performance, which makes it feasible to deploy in WLAN/WPAN operating in mmWave bands.

Analisa Infrastruktur Jaringan Wireless dan Local Area Network (WLAN) Meggunakan Wireshark Serta Metode Penetration Testing Kali Linux

Computer networks and the internet play an important role for the smooth running of various fields of work. One example of information and communication technology is the Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) or also called wireless local network technology. The method used in this research is the Penetration Testing method, with the intention of analyzing the Wireless Network computer security system in the STMIK Bina Patria Laboratory. Testing is carried out with several activities, including identifying and exploiting vulnerabilities in computer network security. In analyzing the security of the WLAN network, it is carried out using the Penetration Testing method where a form of attack on the network is simulated, one of the operating systems that has the right specifications in this regard is Kali Linux. Wireless network is a network that is widely used in institutions and public places. Even though it has a security system, wireless networks can still be attacked by attackers.

How IEEE 802.11ba Wake-Up Radio Coexists With Legacy WiFi?

The IEEE 802.11ba is a new Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) standard to incorporate the Wake-up Radio (WuR) technology into the existing IEEE 802.11 system, where Distributed Coordination Function (DCF) is employed. IEEE 802.11ba holds importance for the Internet of Things (IoT) network deployment due to its low power WuR characteristics and backward compatibility with legacy WLAN networks. In this letter we model the mechanism of wake-up radio devices and investigate the interaction between the wake-up radio devices and the legacy devices in the coexisting scenario. The model can be utilized to quantify the behavior of WuR devices under a legacy WLAN network.

A systematic methodology for continuous WLAN abundance and security analysis

In this paper, we present a systematic methodology for continuous surveying and analysis of 802.11 Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) abundance and security, based on the passive wireless network scanning technique called wardriving. The objective is to provide an efficient, scalable, and easily accessible methodology for collecting, analysing and storing WLAN survey data. To adhere to these set requirements, the presented survey and analysis processes can be carried out with freely available open-source software and common off-the-shelf hardware. While extensive literature has been produced on wardriving and numerous WLAN survey studies have been documented in previous works, to our knowledge, no similar comprehensive methodology for systematic WLAN surveying and analysis has been previously presented. To further rationalise the need for surveying and analysing WLAN networks, an investigation on the related literature and the current state of the WLAN networking landscape has been conducted. Furthermore, as surveying WLAN networks via the wardriving technique undoubtedly raises legal and moral concerns, the legitimacy and ethics of wardriving have been examined. To test the effectiveness of the proposed methodology, a primary test and calibration WLAN survey was conducted in three separate locations within a middle-sized city located in Southwest Finland. Based on the survey results, WLAN security in Finland is in a relatively good state. During the test survey, we successfully collected and analysed data from 720 WLAN networks, proving the effectiveness of the proposed methodology. From the 720 detected WLAN networks, 6% used insecure encryption protocols, 12.8% were unencrypted and a clear majority of 81.3% used the WPA2 encryption protocol. Results also show that wireless network device owners in the surveyed areas are not inclined to alter the factory-set default settings of their wireless networks. It was noted that roughly 40% of the surveyed networks used easily identifiable factory-set SSIDs and only 5.4% of the networks had a cloaked SSID. Furthermore, the survey data shows that WLAN devices from 38 different manufacturers were detected. Three of the most popular manufacturers in the surveyed area were Cisco with 28.3%, Huawei with 15.7% and Ruckus Networks with 9.7%.

The Effect Of Transport Protocol Performance On Encrypted Traffic Through Ad Hoc Networks

The rapid development of communication technology in wireless communication has led to an increase in technologies related to wireless communication. The WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) network is one example of a network that continues to experience developments in the wireless communication technology. One of the WLAN network configurations is an ad hoc network. Different protocols, data transmission in an ad hoc WLAN will also experience differences in performance. This final project examines the use of three (2) transport protocols, namely TCP and UDP with their use in WLAN with ad hoc networks and the encryption decryption process to determine the percentage comparison of the success of packet delivery. To analyze the comparison of the three transport protocols on an ad hoc network, the Network Simulator 2 (NS-2) application which is integrated into the Ubuntu operating system and algorithms used such as arcfour, rijndael-192 and tripledes is used. The results showed that the percentage of successful data transmission on TCP was greater with an average of 99.318% on the arcfour algorithm, 99.185% on the rijndael-192 algorithm, 99.132% on the tripledes algorithm. While the percentage of success in sending data on UDP is smaller with an average of 70.711% on the arcfour algorithm, 63.971% on the rijndael-192 algorithm, 64.412% on the tripledes algorithm.

GreenMAC Protocol: A Q-Learning-Based Mechanism to Enhance Channel Reliability for WLAN Energy Savings

We have seen a promising acceptance of wireless local area networks (WLANs) in our day-to-day communication devices, such as handheld smartphones, tablets, and laptops. Energy preservation plays a vital role in WLAN communication networks. The efficient use of energy remains one of the most substantial challenges to WLAN devices. Several approaches have been proposed by the industrial and institutional researchers to save energy and reduce the overall power consumption of WLAN devices focusing on static/adaptive energy saving methods. However, most of the approaches save energy at the cost of throughput degradation due to either increased sleep-time or reduced number of transmissions. In this paper, we recognize the potentials of reinforcement learning (RL) techniques, such as the Q-learning (QL) model, to enhance the WLAN’s channel reliability for energy saving. QL is one of the RL techniques, which utilizes the accumulated reward of the actions performed in the state-action model. We propose a QL-based energy-saving MAC protocol, named greenMAC protocol. The proposed greenMAC protocol reduces the energy consumption by utilizing accumulated reward value to optimize the channel reliability, which results in reduced channel collision probability of the network. We assess the degrees of channel congestion in collision probability as a reward function for our QL-based greenMAC protocol. The comparative results show that greenMAC protocol achieves enhanced system throughput performance with additional energy savings compared to existing energy-saving mechanisms in WLANs.

E-Monitoring Microtic Network uses The Dude in Musamus University

This study aims to carry out the monitoring process of wireless local area network (WLAN) microtics using the Dude application at Musamus University. It is expected that the monitoring results can be in the form of messages / notifications to network administrators. Network monitoring will be increasingly difficult if the computer network topology in an institution is very broad and complex. The network devices used in this study are the Mikotik operating system with the Dude tools with the specifications of Mikrotik RB433, The Dude server and The Dude Client. Based on the results of the implementation and testing carried out on the WLAN network of Musamus University, it was found that the use of The Dude Application can make it easier for network admins to know the position of the proxy router that has trouble, up and down on the proxy router. Another advantage is that the admin simply monitors the network on the server because if there is trouble or the system down the admin gets a notification in the form of an email from the Dude.

WLAN performance evaluation in different wireless access techniques (DCF, PCF, HCF)

IEEE 802.11x Wireless Local-Area-Network (WLAN) considered a powerful solution for the last mile wireless broadband(BB) access. WLAN becomes important element in 4G and 5G mobile networks because it can provide services to mobile users in areas not covered by eNBs. However, the 802.11 legacy protocol doesn’t support delay-sensitive services like VoIP because it adopts the best-effort method. In 2001 IEEE 802.11e standard was proposed to deploy QoS with new access techniques introduction. There are many parameters related to MAC layer which affect the WLAN network performance from the prospective of delay, and throughput. This study presents performance evaluation of voice traffic and FTP traffic in IEEE802.11 legacy protocol WLAN and IEEE802.11e WLAN via OPNET computer simulation. Network performance will be tested against different MAC access protocols and different MAC parameters.

REDESIGN JARINGAN HOTSPOT UNTUK INDOOR COVERAGE DI GEDUNG AGROKOMPLEK LANTAI 4 UNIVERSITAS UDAYANA

Hotspots are signaled areas that refer to certain places (usually public places) and have internet services using wireless local area network (WLAN) technology. Because the installation of the device and the user who is accessing it is indoors, of course it will be faced with a barrier / barrier in the form of a wall that prevents the entry of the radio signal so that the hotspot signal coverage is unable to cover optimally. This condition occurs in the WLAN network of Agrokomplek Building, Udayana University. So it is necessary to measure the coverage area of the hotspot signal so that no blank spots occur. The results of the measurement of the 4th floor coverage of the Udayana University Agrokomplek Building showed that the signal coverage experienced a lot of attenuation caused by distance and barriers in the form of walls. To increase the signal level value, an access point is added in an area that does not get signal coverage.

PERANCANGAN JARINGAN WIRELESS LAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN ROUTER OS MIKROTIK PADA SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI PAHONJEAN 01

The background is a problem that occurs in al-Ittihad elementary school which causes the author to take the title of this thesis. . Around the Al-Ittihad Elementary School, the network signal from ISP providers, both GSM and CDMA, is not very good so that the data access received is not optimal. This is based on the author's own experience using GSM modems, surveys and interviews with teachers and school staff at Al-Ittihad Elementary School. Also faced with the fact that the high tariff for unlimited data access from the service provider PT. Telkom (speedy) made the author look for a solution, is there another way that is cheaper and simpler to be able to use the internet easily in the scope of this al-Ittihad elementary school comfortably, safely without having to worry about banned sites.
 The purpose and objective of the research is to first recognize and understand further computer network technology, especially wireless/wireless (wireless) networks. Both members make it easy for users to access the internet. Third, knowing the technique of making / building an infrastructure and implementation. Fourth, get to know information technology in the al-Ittihad elementary school environment.
 The research method is the method used by the author in the preparation of this thesis. The author uses methods and techniques to compile and present appropriate and accurate information. Therefore, appropriate methods and techniques are needed to obtain valid and accountable data. The method used by the author is as follows, the first research location. Second Collecting data and third Designing. Implementation is discussing how to install and configure the devices used in designing the WLAN network at the Al-Ittihad elementary school in Cilacap with Mikrotik.
 The output or results achieved in the design of this WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) is to provide convenience for teachers, students and school visitors in accessing the internet, accessing the internet is not only in the school room but can also be accessed around the school environment via a wireless network. and does not require a data cable so that it is more efficient and effective.

A Dual-band Planar Antenna for Wireless Local Area Network Applications

Wireless local area network (WLAN) communication is one of the fast and secure wireless technologies, which is vastly used in nowadays portable and handheld devices. This paper is oriented on designing of a planar WLAN antenna to serve in WLAN network devices. The designed antennas are single and dual-band planar monopole antennas to be working at IEEE 802.11 WLAN frequencies; 2.45 GHz and 5.2/5.8 GHz bands. Different configurations have been used in the design process, especially for the dual-band antenna, where dual-resonant is required. The antennas have been designed analytically then simulated using the CST software package. Simulation results for the input reflection coefficient, realized gain, and radiation pattern have been considered to evaluate their features. The antennas have also been fabricated practically and practical measurements for the input reflection coefficient and radiation pattern have been taken which shown a good agreement with those of simulation.

The Weakness Examination of Wireless Network Security at the Hospital Using QoS

Computer networks today are a much needed service. Computer networks enable the shared use of data, software and tools. So that the working group can be communicate more effectively and efficiently. This study aims to determine the existing QoS in Surya Asih Hospital and analyze the deficiencies. (Bahasa: Hospital is Rumah Sakit (RS)) In this research started from collecting data that exist in location either that support hardware or connection internet RS Surya Asih have used Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) network service. WLAN is a network where can be exchanged data and resources between computers in one building. To know the performance of WLAN network (Wireless Local Area Network In RS Surya Asih, it should be done a measurement analysis of network performance parameters QoS (Quality of Services) is the ability to guarantee the delivery of important data flow Analysis of the performance of WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) Surya Asih stressed the process of monitoring and measuring network parameters on the network infrastructure such as access speed and transmission capacity, from the point of delivery to the point of receiver that became the demands, the parameters used Bandwidth, Throughput, Delay and Packet Loss. Superior LAN on RS Surya Asih has reliability sufficient maintenance and good network availability Analysis of network performance is seen through Wireshark, Uptime and Downtime results are not bad, The availability of complete devices and fulfilled according to reliability and maintenance is not difficult. QoS parameter test results that bandwidth management shows the use of more bandwidth and evenly distributed to every user of RS Surya Asih Pringsewu network.

Performance and Energy Conservation of 3GPP IFOM Protocol for Dual Connectivity in Heterogeneous LTE–WLAN Network

For the 5th Generation networks, Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is considering standardization of various solutions for traffic aggregation using licensed and unlicensed spectrum, to meet the rising data demands. IP Flow Mobility (IFOM) is a multi-access connectivity solution/protocol standardized by the Internet Engineering Task Force and 3GPP in Release 10. It enables concurrent access for an User Equipment (UE) to Heterogeneous Networks (HetNets) such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) and IEEE 802.11 Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN). IFOM enabled UEs (IeUs) have multiple interfaces to connect to HetNets. They can have concurrent flows with different traffic types over these networks and can seamlessly switch the flows from one network to the other. In this paper, we focus on two objectives. First is to investigate the performance parameters, e.g. throughput, latency, tunnelling overhead, packet loss, energy cost, etc. of IeUs in HetNets of LTE and WLAN. We have proposed a novel mechanism to maximize the throughput of IeUs achieving a significant throughput gain with low latency for the IeUs. We have explored further and observed a throughput-energy trade-off for low data rate flows. To address this, we also propose a smart energy efficient and throughput optimization algorithm for the IeUs, resulting in a substantial reduction in energy cost, while maintaining the high throughput at lower latency and satisfying the Quality of Service requirements of the IeUs.

LWA Rate Adaption by Enhanced Event-Triggered Reporting

Unlicensed spectrum has been utilized to open up additional capacity to support long-term evolution (LTE) service. LTE and wireless local area network (WLAN) Aggregation (LWA) is a perfect solution that satisfies this need. In 2017, Taiwan has deployed the first commercial LWA service. The deployed LWA network reuses and is nicely merged with the existing individual LTE and WLAN networks. To provide appropriate WLAN transmission bandwidth, the user equipment periodically measures the WLAN quality and reports the results to the eNB (the LTE base station). The eNB then decides if the transmission rate should be adapted. We investigate the performance of periodical reporting and then propose the enhanced event-triggered reporting to improve the performance of WLAN transmission rate adaption. We suggest how to select appropriate frequency to minimize the network traffic of periodical reporting. We also show that enhanced event-triggered reporting outperforms periodical reporting. Our solution utilizes the standard 3GPP protocols and does not modify the mobile phone's software.

Model for Optimizing the Location of the Access Point in 802.11ac Networks Supported in the Model Log-Normal Shadowing

Background/Objectives: Designing a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) assumes great importance in determining the optimal placement of Access Points (APs) and assigning channels in order to achieve maximum levels of coverage and performance. The aim of this paper is to develop an optimization model for the location of the AP in indoor environments, the 2.4GHz and 5GHz, supported on the propagation model Log-Normal Shadowing. Methods/Statistical Analysis: To estimate the optimal location of the AP model, nonlinear optimization was proposed based on the probability cutting frequency bands, the dimensions of the environment, the transmission power, sensitivity receptor and the coverage radius, which two routines in Matlab for systematization model, supported in the propagation model Log-Normal Shadowing path loss, which allows developed decompose the received power at an average power and attenuation term shadow. Topic Relevance: Although there have been several related resource optimization work WLANs are very few studies have considered engaging in their research strategies for optimizing the geographic location of the AP. Aspect by which developed in Matlab routines may be used in future research related to the design of WLANs. Results: Based on the results it was evident that it is possible to predict the optimum location of the AP for the 2.4GHz and 5GHz, depending on the transmission power, the detection threshold of the receiver, the probability estimated cut and characterization of the environment between the AP, either free space or obstacles, supported the use of a shadow attenuation model. In addition, routines allowed establishing the Cartesian coordinates in which the location of the AP function of the radius of coverage, frequency band and environmental conditions, with 95% confidence is suggested. Application/Improvements: The developed routines can be used as support tools in future research work, related to the design and analysis of wireless networks that use the 2.4GHz and 5GHz bands, in order to evaluate aspects of interference, coverage, performance, efficiency and QoS. Keywords: Coverage Area, Interference, Location, Optimization, Outage Probability, WLAN Networks