Wireless LAN Research Articles

Linear to circular polarized wave convertor loaded dual port dielectric resonator antenna with enhanced gain for WLAN applications

ABSTRACT In this article, a dual-port ceramic-based radiator is discussed and examined. A pentagon-shaped slot is used to excite the cylindrical-shaped dielectric, which stimulates HEM11δ mode in it. A meta-surface is placed over the dual-port radiator for transforming linear waves into circularly polarized (CP) waves from 5.51 to 6.01 GHz. LHCP antenna gain is also increased from 6.0 to 9.0 dBi within the working frequency range, after applying the proposed meta-surface. Experimental verification of antenna prototype confirms the working band of the proposed radiator from 5.25 to 6.17 GHz. The isolation between the ports is more than 20 dB, which is in the acceptable limit. The better value of far-field and diversity factors confirms the suitability of the proposed antenna in wireless LAN (5.5 GHz) applications.

Design and Analysis of Energy-efficient Algorithm for Wireless Networks

The Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) frequency spectrum is used by the Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) for its operation. Due to a limited number of available channels for WLAN operation, frequency channel assignment becomes very difficult. In WLAN, the access points (APs) are widely deployed, and because they share the same frequency, they start interfering with each other and causing more energy consumption. So WLAN frequency channels should be managed and assigned carefully to increase the energy efficiency of the wireless network. This paper proposes an energy-efficient channel assignment algorithm (EECAA) to improve the performance of the network. The suggested approach improves the network's energy efficiency in terms of global delay, packet data loss, and the count of data retransmissions. The extensive simulation study demonstrates that, when compared to the channel handoff scheme and D2MD channel allocation algorithm for various traffic and network conditions, the proposed EECAA method greatly increases network throughput.

Physical Layer Key Generation Scheme for MIMO System Based on Feature Fusion Autoencoder

Recently, the use of wireless channel state information (CSI) to generate encryption keys in the physical layer has gained significant attention from researchers. Unlike classical cryptography, this approach relies on the variability of the wireless channel, channel reciprocity, and spatial decorrelation to ensure security, making it more lightweight and providing strong randomness. This paper proposes a physical layer key generation scheme for wireless LAN MIMO systems based on feature fusion autoencoder (FFAEncoder) to address the issue of a high key disagreement rate (KDR). Our approach involves extracting amplitude and phase features separately, fusing them through multiplication operator in a neural network, and using an autoencoder to extract common features. The proposed scheme was evaluated on multiple datasets in different real-world scenarios, and it was found that the transmitter and receiver codeword’s mean squared error (MSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) were smaller than those of the current models, indicating better key generation performance. Additionally, the proposed scheme’s KDR was smaller, with a decay rate faster than that of the other two models in the same environment, and the primary key bits were 1/2 and 1/3 that of the other models, respectively, as the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) increased.

A novel artificial intelligence based wireless local area network channel access control scheme for low latency e‐health applications

AbstractTo effectively support low‐latency e‐health applications, a novel artificial intelligence‐based wireless local area network (WLAN) channel access control scheme named intelligent hybrid channel access (IHCA) is proposed and studied. In the IHCA scheme, each beacon interval comprises multiple cycles, with each cycle containing a contention‐free period (CFP) and a contention period (CP). By adopting an artificial neural network (ANN) and utilizing its calculation outputs to (1) decide whether to poll a hub during the CFP and (2) determine the initial backoff count (IBC) of each hub, polling of empty hubs during CFP can be reduced, and collisions during CP can be relieved. The authors’ simulation results show that the IHCA scheme can effectively reduce latency compared to the Hybrid coordination function Controlled Channel Access (HCCA) and the Request based Polling Access (RPA) reference designs.

Γ Shaped Slotted Compact Circular Crossover for Communication Applications at 2.45 GHz

Modern communication system technologies, crossover structures are widely used as one of themain elements in microwave circuits in different operating environments. Nowadays, microwave circuitelements provide continuity and development in these areas by triggering rapid transformation in terms ofcommunication, protection and security. Innovative and contemporary solutions are becoming an importantissue with increasing product demands and production capacities. This paper introduces valuable solutionsin this direction of crossover design for microwave integrated circuits. A circular cross with symmetricalinternal transmission line covering the frequency with WLAN (wireless local area network), WiMAX andGSM applications is proposed. The circular crossover bandwidth -10dB is between the frequencies 2.32GHz and 2.58 GHz. The designed microwave circular crossover size is 40mm x 40mm x 1.6mm. Theefficient compact microwave crossover design method in planar circuits promise to improve theperformance and versatility of microwave circuits. The efficiency in 2.45 GHz frequency transitions bringscloser to realizing efficient band applications for wireless communication and paves the way for futuredevelopments in this field.

HARE: Hybrid ARQ-Based Adaptive Retransmission Control Scheme for Synchronous Multi-Link in Wireless LANs

As the resolution of video becomes high and the number of mobile devices proliferates, the demand for video traffic is exploding. New traffic types, such as augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR), which require high-throughput and low-latency, are also emerging. Two of the promising techniques discussed in increasing throughput and lowering latency are multi-link transmission and hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ). However, in most cases of a device using a low-cost chipset, there are potential limitations to using HARQ on multi-link. This paper proposes a HARQ-based adaptive retransmission control scheme (HARE), which determines the optimal retransmission policy by casting it as a Markov decision process (MDP) for the devices undergoing the aforementioned limitations. Through this, we can decide whether to execute HARQ and select the adequate modulation and coding rate when a retransmission occurs. Through extensive analysis, we found that HARE can greatly increase throughput compared to the ARQ-only and HARQ-only retransmission methods with a small amount of buffer occupancy. This technique expects high-resolution video and brand-new services such as AR/VR to be enjoyed even by the devices with low-cost chipsets.

Monopole Antenna for Experimental Flight Applications

A monopole dual band antenna for experimental flight applications on a small scale Unmanned Aerial Vehicle available in the Aero modeling lab of Department of Aeronautical Engineering at Manav Rachna International Institute of Research and Studies is presented in this paper. Radiating patch of proposed antenna consists of concentric circle at resonance frequency of 1.35 GHz and 5.25 GHz. The minimum reflection constant at 1.5 GHz is -20 dB and 5.2 GHz is -36 dB. The bandwidth of 300 MHz and 830 MHz achieved during the design process is considered adequate for efficient and effective utilization of the designed antenna. Radiation pattern of proposed antenna show Omnidirectional pattern. Designed antenna provides solutions for L and C band aviation application for early reported geometry. Various parameters like return loss, gain, radiation pattern surface current and Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) have been studied and analyzed using the application software CST Microwave Studio. The experimental antenna designed for experimental flight evaluation can also be used as Global System for Mobile Applications (GSM), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), Walkie-Talkie and Air Traffic Control (ATC) antenna. In the overall perspective, the proposed antenna can also be utilized for ground communication and other airport facilities in addition to the experimental role envisaged.

Miniaturized High Gain Broadband 16‐Element MIMO Array Using Planar Artificial Magnetic Conductor With Enhanced Isolation for WLAN/WiMAX Applications

AbstractA low‐profile 16‐element printed dipole antenna (PDA) array backed by a planar artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) is introduced for multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) wireless communications. The proposed 16‐element MIMO array loaded by a 13 × 13 AMC reflector with various polarized directions exhibits a low‐profile wideband structure, which includes the broad measured bandwidths from 4.25 to 7.25 GHz with increased gains (>8 dBi) and high efficiency. The high isolation between the 16 elements with diverse polarizations is larger than 27 dB and reaches 67 dB over the operating band for MIMO systems. The suggested PDA with a microstrip V‐shaped dipole excited by a V‐shaped microstrip feedline is used to expand the broad simulated band spanning 5.34–6.70 GHz (S11 ≤ −10 dB). Moreover, the suggested 13 × 13 planar fractal AMC reflector is loaded into the PDA array to exhibit a reflection coefficient, S11, of less than −10 dB across the band of 4.26–6.90 GHz for wireless local area network and worldwide interoperability for microwave access applications. The proposed design with AMC compared to the design without AMC exhibits a size reduction of 50.3%, increased gain up to 8.2 dBi, and excellent impedance matching with unidirectional radiation patterns. The novel AMC unit cell is realized based on the planar patch with inserted slots to operate at 6.10 GHz with an AMC band spanning 5.15–7.10 GHz (32%).

Design and Construction of 2.4 Ghz Omnidirectional Antenna as Wireless LAN Transmitter (Case Study at Bukit Indah Campus, Malikussaleh University)

Communication with a wireless system is one of the mainstay communications so that communication integration is achieved. For this reason, Malikussaleh University provides a wifi network on each campus, one of which is the Bukit Indah campus. So that the achievement of wifi access points on mobile devices needs to be improved so that it is achieved properly. Therefore it is necessary to optimize the placement of access points on the Malikussaleh University wifi network. Modeling an omnidirectional antenna that has a range of 360 ° is one solution. The method applied is to design and build an omnidirectional antenna on the Bukit Indah Campus of Malikussaleh University. Based on simulations on Mobile Radio, the largest network pathloss is 116.2 dB and the smallest is 102.0 dB. The results of omidirectional antenna testing conducted 5 times obtained the largest download speed worth 3.18 Mbps with 314ms ping at a distance of 30 meters and the smallest download speed worth 0.55Mbps with 195ms ping at a distance of 150 meters. The farther the distance of the antenna the lower the ping and packet loss, from the test results obtained an average ping of 267.8ms and the largest packet loss percentage of 0.4%. The ideal distance for this antenna is 30 to 110 meters and can even get a longer distance provided there are no obstacles. With this distance it is ideal for an assembled antenna with makeshift materials that we often encounter in everyday life.

An Interface Setup Optimization Method Using a Throughput Estimation Model for Concurrently Communicating Access Points in a Wireless Local Area Network.

The IEEE 802.11 wireless local-area network (WLAN) has been deployed around the globe as a major Internet access medium due to its low cost and high flexibility and capacity. Unfortunately, dense wireless networks can suffer from poor performance due to high levels of radio interference resulting from adjoining access points (APs). To address this problem, we studied the AP transmission power optimization method, which selects the maximum or minimum power supplied to each AP so that the average signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) among the concurrently communicating APs is maximized.However, this method requires measurements of receiving signal strength (RSS) under all the possible combinations of powers. It may need intolerable loads and time as the number of APs increases. It also only considers the use of channel bonding (CB), although non-CB sometimes achieves higher performance under high levels of interference. In this paper, we present an AP interface setup optimization method using the throughput estimation model for concurrently communicating APs. The proposed method selects CB or non-CB in addition to the maximum or minimum power for each AP. This model approach avoids expensive costs of RSS measurements under a number of combinations. To estimate the RSS at an AP from another AP or a host, the model needs the distance and the obstacles between them, such as walls. Then, by calculating the estimated RSS with the model and calculating the SIR from them, the AP interface setups for a lot of APs in a large-scale wireless network can be optimized on a computer in a very short time. For evaluation, we conducted extensive experiments using Raspberry Pi for APs and Linux PCs for hosts under 12 network topologies in three buildings at Okayama University, Japan, and Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University, Bangladesh. The results confirm that the proposed method selects the best AP interface setup with the highest total throughput in any topology.

Wideband antenna with crescent heads for omnidirectional communications

AbstractThis paper investigates a wideband omnidirectional antenna that possesses 124.7% of fractional bandwidth. The antenna's two crescent‐shaped radiating patches and their ultrawideband matching structures are printed on two laminates that are crossly placed vertically over the ground plane. Simulation shows that the structure on a single laminate radiates an “8”‐shaped pattern on the horizontal plane. The cross formation of the two printed laminates generates an omnidirectional radiation pattern by superimposing two “8”‐shaped patterns perpendicularly. The proposed antenna is fabricated and measured for demonstration. The measured results agree well with the simulation, indicating the omnidirectional antenna works from 1.38 to 5.95 GHz with a return loss of −10 dB. Simulation and measurement also show the gain variation on the xoy plane is 2 dB in the band of interest, which is small if the ultrawide bandwidth is considered. The above features make the proposed antenna a promising candidate for applications in the digital cellular system (DCS1800), long‐term evolution (LTE2300/2600), wireless local area network (WLAN2400), and IEEE 802.11p.

Real-Time Statistical Measurement of Wideband Signals Based on Software Defined Radio Technology

The increase in channel bandwidth and peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of modern communication standards poses a serious challenge to performing channel power (CP) and complementary cumulative distribution function (CCDF) measurements in real-time using standard measurement solutions based on spectrum analyzers (SA). Recently, Software Defined Radio (SDR) technology has become a viable alternative to the conventional real-time spectrum monitoring approach based on SA due to its reduced cost. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a novel, innovative, agile and cost-effective solution to enable both CP and CCDF measurements on a state-of-the-art SDR platform. The proposed solution exploits the ability of the SDR equipment to access signal samples in the time domain and defines both CP and CCDF-type measurements. The two measurement functions are software implemented in GNU Radio by designing customized blocks and integrated into a graphical user interface. The proposed system was first tested and parameterized in a controlled environment using emitted signals specific to the IEEE 802.11ax family of wireless local area networks. After parameterization, the SDR-based system was used for over-the-air measurements of signals emitted in the 4G+, 5G and 802.11ax communication standards. By performing the measurement campaign, we have demonstrated the capabilities of the measurement system in performing real-time measurements on broadband channels (up to 160 MHz for IEEE 802.11ax). Altogether, we have proved the usability of CP and CCDF measurement functions in providing valuable insights into the power distribution characteristics of signals emitted by the latest communication standards. By exploiting the versatility of SDR technology, we have enabled a cost-effective solution for advanced real-time statistical measurements of modern broadband signals.

EMPIRICAL OBSERVATION OF WIRELESS NETWORK PERFORMANCE FOR TRANSMISSION CONTROL PROTOCOL (TCP) UPSTREAM AND DOWNSTREAM FOR DIFFERENT USERS SCENARIOS

The increase in demand for proper and fast access to network infrastructure around the University environment by staff, students, and visitors in the quest to carry out daily tasks or keeping up with trends/innovations around the globe is a daily experience resulting in some challenges. But these challenges are not unexpected. The access to network infrastructure around the environment encourages proper development. This paper presents an empirical observation of transmission control protocol upstream throughput (TCPupT) and downstream throughput (TCPdownT) performance for an IEEE 802.11g wireless local area network (WLAN) installed at a corridor space of University of Nigeria, Nsukka campus. This work measured the TCP upstream and downstream throughput values for single, double, and multiple users (several Users) accessing an installed WLAN access point. The paper adopted basic WLAN system setup approach while observing the TCP performance in relation to SNR. Data collected for each environment were statistically analyzed, equations and results were also presented. The observed TCP throughput values vary as users increase thereby affecting the observed round-trip time (RTT). The generated equations were also used to predict TCP throughput which would aid network engineers in the deployment of IEEE 802.11g WLAN systems especially around the university environment. It is now clear that the generated model equations can be used for predicting the expected performance of IEEE 802.11g WLAN systems during deployment. This work gives WLAN engineers, researchers and users an apparatus to rapidly estimate the TCP upstream and downstream throughput, by monitoring the received SNR for IEEE 802.11g systems.

Empowering Next-Generation IoT WLANs Through Blockchain and 802.11ax Technologies

Blockchain emerges as a potential solution for enabling distributed management and accountability of wireless Internet of Thing (IoT) networks. In addition, blockchain offers increased IoT security, as it involves every single node around the network to verify and approve new transactions. On the other hand, IEEE 802.11ax, a recently concluded WiFi standard aimed at achieving high network efficiency, plays a key role for solving spectrum sharing and cross-technology coexistence among WiFi and 6G cellular users, one of the key challenges faced by next-generation wireless systems. In this paper, we leverage the power of blockchain and 802.11ax technologies to propose a medium access control (MAC) protocol design for future IoT wireless local area networks (WLANs), also referred to as wireless IoT-Blockchain networks setup. Our simulation results show that the proposed protocol design enhances transmission latency and achievable network throughput.

A Dual-Band MIMO Antenna System for 2.4/5 GHz WLAN Applications

A compact multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) microstrip antenna system covering the 2.4- and 5- GHz wireless local area network (WLAN) bands is presented in this paper. To achieve dual-band characteristic, the TM <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">01</sub> and TM <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">03</sub> modes of a microstrip antenna are excited. A rectangular slot is etched in the center of microstrip antenna for improving the radiation capability of the TM <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">03</sub> mode. Then, two probes are utilized to tune the resonant frequency of the TM <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">01</sub> mode with limited effect on the operating frequency of the TM <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">03</sub> mode. To realize high inter-port isolation at the two distinct WLAN bands in a methodological way, isolation enhancement is achieved successively at the lower and upper frequency bands. Two split loops are introduced to reduce the mutual coupling at the 2.4-GHz band. Two dipole elements are added in the rectangular slot to obtain high isolation at the 5-GHz band. The decoupling mechanism of the proposed antenna is detailed analyzed. The proposed antenna system operates at 2.25-2.63 GHz and at 5.14-6.06 GHz. The measured maximum value of mutual coupling between the two ports is less than -15.3 dB at both operating frequency bands.

Detection and analysis of Wi-Fi signals for address direction finding

Statement of problem. The active use of wireless technologies requires the development of radio equipment that monitors devices and data transmission networks and, in particular, wireless local area networks of the 802.11 standard (Wi-Fi). The need to identify unauthorized access points and subscriber devices of these networks, including their bearing and localization, is an urgent task of radio monitoring services. Correlation-interferometric direction finders based on a two-channel radio receiving equipment cyclically connected to various pairs of elements of a multi-element antenna system are an effective tool for bearing radio signals. For the direction finding of packet radio signals, direction finders accumulate time samples from different antenna pairs over long time intervals; joint processing of these data allows determining the direction of arrival of radio signals. However, in the frequency range of transmission of signals of the IEEE 802.11 standard, many sources carry out parallel transmission of information in the time-sharing mode, therefore, the direct accumulation of samples entails mixing and combining data generated by different sources. This causes gross bearing errors and requires the development of new ways of joint identification and bearing of packet radio signals. The purpose of the work is to propose a method for determining the identification features of access points and subscriber devices of Wi-Fi networks, which allows combining fragments of data samples when bearing radio sources. Results. The presented method of address bearing, focused on signals of the 802.11 standard, allows detecting OFDM signals, identifying access points and subscriber devices of the local network and forming an estimate of the direction to these sources of radio emissions. Practical importance. The use of address bearing of Wi-Fi network devices increases the functionality of existing analyzers. The presented method of address bearing is implemented based on the mobile direction finder ARTICLE-M [1], which is used in search and localization systems of unauthorized sources of radio emissions.

FSTNet: Learning spatial–temporal correlations from fingerprints for indoor positioning

Due to the absence of a global positioning system (GPS) signal and pervasive deployment of wireless local area networks (WLANs), Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) fingerprinting has been attracting much attention in indoor positioning services. However, accurate indoor positioning is challenging due to fingerprint ambiguity and instability problems. Most existing positioning methods do not model the spatial and temporal correlations of fingerprints, and this cannot yield satisfactory localization results. Targeting the shortcomings of existing studies, in this paper, we propose a novel deep learning framework, named FSTNet, to learn the spatial–temporal correlations from fingerprints to improve indoor positioning accuracy. In our framework, we first propose a new concept called path fingerprint to solve the fingerprint ambiguity and instability problem. Then, a convolution network is utilized to efficiently capture the local features in path fingerprints. Next, the fingerprint attention mechanism is designed to efficiently capture the spatial features and obtain stable positioning results. Finally, actual on-site experiments are conducted to verify the effectiveness of FSTNet. It is concluded that the proposed modeling and positioning method can effectively capture the temporal and spatial correlations in the received signal strength (RSS) measurements to improve positioning accuracy. In particular, the proposed model could achieve a performance improvement of 44% in terms of a mean positioning error, and 99.2% of the positioning errors are within 2 m.

MODELING OF A DIGITAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEM WITH INTERFERENCE-RESISTANT CODING OVER DELAYED MULTIPATH CHANNELS FOR A FIXED WIRELESS ACCESS SYSTEM

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; In this study, an analysis of the performance of a digital communication system was conducted to improve the efficiency of the communication channel. The system was de- signed and evaluated in the MatLab/Simulink environment, specifically for the transmission of binary data in a multipath channel with static fading. One of the main advantages of this system is its ability to provide high noise immunity, even in the presence of noise, interference, and signal delays. The performance of the system was investigated in terms of bit error rate (BER) over both an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel and a multipath Rayleigh fading channel. The study also considered the impact of inter-symbol interference (ISI) and explored different parameters for a static channel, resembling a wireless LAN system based on IEEE 802.11 (as defined by Rec ITU-R M.1225). This study uses a solution to suppress inter-symbol interference using cascading coding (convolutional turbo codes with Reed Solo- mon code), Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT), amplifiers at the transmitter side and normalizer at the receiver side, by regulating the amplification ratios of transmitter and receiver sides. Modeling of a digital communication system for a wide-band fixed wireless LAN system (for Indoor office and Outdoor to indoor systems) has been performed. The modeling outcomes show that the applied method provides a good per- formance improvement in channels with ISI with static fading.&#x0D; The application of cascading coding (turbo code together with RS code), amplifiers, and FFT on the transmitter side, and IFFT on the receiver side will eliminate the effects of inter-symbol interference on digital signals in a multipath channel with static fading (as defined by Rec. ITU-R M.1225 for internal and external transmission systems) for wireless fixed systems.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;

Design and Analysis of CPW Fed Antenna with Triangular Separated Stub for Wireless Applications

One of the most active areas of research in the field of communication systems today is wireless technology, and a study of communication systems would be lacking without a grasp of how antennas work and are constructed. We offer a straightforward and small printed ultra-wideband antenna with dual-band notched properties. A redesigned ground plane and a rectangular patch make up the proposed antenna. The lossy FR4 substrate is etched with the rectangular patch. The rectangular patch that a U-shaped slot has embedded in it is parasitized by a circular ring strip. A rectangular slit, two inverted-L slits, and a slit are imbedded into the ground plane. The antenna structure uses some bandwidth improvement and bandnotched techniques to widen the bandwidth and create notches. With dual-notched bands of 3.30-4.20 and 5.10-5.85 GHz, the proposed antenna covers the 3.3/3.7 GHz WiMAX, 3.7/4.2 GHz C-band, and 5.2/5.8 GHz wireless local area network systems. This is demonstrated by the simulated and measured results, which indicate that the proposed antenna offers a very wider bandwidth ranging from 3.04 to 17.30 GHz, defined by the return loss less than 10 dB.

C-FD MAC: Constellation based Full-Duplex MAC protocol

Simultaneous transmission and reception of data packets in Full-Duplex (FD) communication can theoretically double the system throughput. However, efficient self-interference mitigation and symbol detection at the receiver is required to realize the full potential of FD communication in practical scenarios. In this paper, we propose a constellation-based FD medium access control (MAC) protocol (C-FD) for wireless local area networks (WLAN). In the proposed C-FD MAC protocol, the node and Access Point (AP) can exchange packets simultaneously by transmitting the symbols and using different modulation schemes. The superimposed constellation diagram has been used to decode the symbols efficiently at both ends. The novel feature of the C-FD MAC protocol is that it does not require any complicated interference cancellation techniques. The analytical results for Symbol Error Rate (SER), Packet Error Rate (PER), and throughput have been derived for the symmetrical and asymmetrical FD link considering the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) with Rayleigh fading. The proposed C-FD MAC protocol achieves nearly twice the throughput compared to Half duplex (HD) communication without compromising the SER. The analytical results have been validated with extensive simulation.