Wireless Charging System Research Articles

Design & Simulation of an Intelligent Energy Management System for Electric Vehicle Charging Stations

The transition towards electric vehicles (EVs) necessitates the development of efficient and reliable charging infrastructure. This paper presents the design and simulation of an EV charging station using MATLAB/Simulink. The proposed charging station incorporates both wired and wireless charging capabilities, aiming to provide a comprehensive solution that meets the diverse needs of EV users. The design process involves creating detailed models of the charging station components, including the power electronics for AC/DC conversion, wireless power transfer modules, and control systems for charge management. The MATLAB/Simulink environment offers robust tools for modeling and simulating these components, allowing for thorough analysis and optimization. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the charging station design in terms of efficiency, power management, and user convenience. The wired charging system is modeled to ensure compliance with standard charging protocols, optimizing the power flow to achieve minimal charging times while maintaining safety and reliability. The wireless charging system, based on inductive power transfer principles, is evaluated for its alignment sensitivity, power transfer efficiency, and interoperability with different vehicle models. Key performance metrics such as charging efficiency, power quality, and thermal performance are analyzed under various operating conditions. The simulation results indicate that the proposed design can achieve high efficiency and reliable operation, with wireless charging efficiencies exceeding 90% under optimal alignment conditions. Keywords: METLAB, Simulink, AC-DC, Simulation, Wireless Charging etc.

WIRELESS CHARGING FOR ELECTRICAL VEHICLES

Nowadays Wireless power transmission (WPT) is popular and gaining technology finding its application in various fields. The power is transferred from a source to an electrical load without the need of interconnections. Wireless power Transmission (WPT) is useful to power electrical devices where physical wiring is not possible or inconvenient. The technology uses the principle of mutual inductance. One of the best future applications finds in automotive sector especially in Electrical Vehicles. This project deals with research and development of wireless charging systems for Electric Vehicles using Wireless transmission. The main goal is to transmit power using resonance coupling and to build charging systems. The System deals with AC source, transmission coil, reception coil, converter and electric load which are battery. As Electric Vehicles (EVs) continue to gain popularity as a sustainable transportation solution, the need for efficient charging infrastructure becomes increasingly critical. Wireless charging technology presents a promising solution to address the limitations of traditional plug-in charging systems, offering convenience and flexibility to EV users. This Project explores the concept of wireless EV charging while the vehicle is in motion, also known as dynamic wirelesscharging (DWC). By integrating inductive power transfer (IPT) technology with dynamic charging infrastructure embedded in roadways or dedicated lanes, vehicles can replenish their batteries continuously while in motion, extending their range and reducing the need for frequent stops. Furthermore, DWC has the potential to enhance the feasibility and adoption of EVs in various sectors, including public transportation, logistics, and personal mobility. This abstract provides a comprehensive overview of the emerging field of wireless EV charging while the vehicle is inmotion, highlighting its benefits, challenges, and future prospects.

Optimal efficiency point membership incorporating fuzzy logic and automatic control of various charging stages for electric vehicles

Introduction: The rapid development of electric vehicle technology in the field of renewable energy has brought significant challenges to wireless charging systems. The efficiency of these systems is crucial for improving availability and sustainability. The main focus of the research is to develop an intelligent charging strategy that utilizes fuzzy logic to optimize the efficiency of wireless charging systems for electric vehicles.Method: Introduce a model that combines fuzzy logic algorithm with automatic control system to improve the wireless charging process of electric vehicles. The model adopts dynamic tracking and adaptive control methods by analyzing the characteristics of static wireless charging systems. Utilizing primary phase shift control and secondary controllable rectifier regulation, combined with optimized fuzzy control algorithm.Result and discussion: The experimental results show that when the secondary coil is stable, the model maintains a stable duty cycle of about 75.6% and a stable current of 5A. It was observed that when the mutual inductance values were set to 10, 15, and 20 uH, the efficiency of the primary coil before applying control decreased with increasing resistance.Conclusion: The proposed system has shown great potential for application in real-world electric vehicle charging systems, demonstrating good applicability and feasibility in controlling the charging process and tracking the optimal efficiency point. The integration of fuzzy logic enhances the system’s ability to adapt to different operating conditions, which may lead to wider implementation and improved operational efficiency.

Analysis and design of wireless power transfer system with anti-misalignment constant voltage output characteristics

PurposeThis study aims to solve the problem of high output voltage fluctuation and low efficiency caused by the misalignment of the magnetic coupling structure in the wireless charging system for electric vehicles. To address these issues, this paper proposes a dual LCC-S wireless power transfer (WPT) system based on the double-D double-layer quadrature (DDDQ) coil, which can realize the anti-misalignment constant voltage output of the system.Design/methodology/approachFirst, this paper establishes the equivalent circuit of a WPT system based on dual LCC-S compensation topology and analyzes its constant-voltage output characteristics and the relationship between system transmission efficiency and coupling coefficient. 1. Quadruple D (Ahmad et al., 2019) and double-D quadrature pad (DDQP) (Chen et al., 2019) coils have good anti-misalignment in the transverse and longitudinal directions, but the magnetic induction intensity in the center of the coils is weak, making it difficult for the receiving coil to effectively couple to the magnetic field energy. 2. Based on the double-D quadrature (DDQ) structure coil that can eliminate the mutual inductance between coupling coils and cross-coupling, Gong et al. (2022a) proposed a parameter optimized LCC-LC series-parallel hybrid topology circuit, which ensures that the output current fluctuation is controlled within 5% only when the system is misaligned within the 50% range along the X direction, achieving constant current output with anti-misalignment. The magnetic coupling structure’s finite element simulation model is established to analyze the change in magnetic induction intensity and the system’s anti-misalignment characteristics when the coil offsets along the x and y axes. Finally, an experimental prototype is developed to verify the constant voltage output performance and anti-misalignment performance of the system, and the proposed anti-misalignment system is compared with the systems in existing literature, highlighting the advantages of this design.FindingsThe experimental results show that the system can achieve a constant voltage output of 48V under a time-varying load, and the output voltage fluctuates within ±5% of the set value within the range of ±60 mm lateral misalignment and ±72 mm longitudinal misalignment.Originality/valueBased on the dual LCC-S WPT system, the mutual inductance between the same side coils is reduced by adding decoupling coils, and the anti-misalignment characteristics and output power of the system are improved in a certain range. It is aimed at improving the stability of the system output and transmission efficiency.

Mutual Inductance Identification and Bilateral Cooperation Control Strategy for MCR-BE System

Considering that the excitation method of an electric excitation synchronous motor has the disadvantages of the brush and slip ring, this article proposes a new brushless excitation system, which includes two parts: a wireless charging system and a motor. To meet the requirements of maximum transmission efficiency and constant voltage output of the system, a bilateral cooperation control strategy is proposed. For the strategy, the buck converter in the receiving side of the system can maintain maximum transmission efficiency through impedance matching, while the inverter in the transmitting side can keep the output voltage constant through phase shift modulation. In the control process, considering that the offset of coupling coils will affect the control results, a grey wolf optimization–particle swarm optimization algorithm is proposed to identify mutual inductance. Simulation and experimental results show that this identification algorithm can improve the identification accuracy and maximize the avoidance of falling into local optima. The final experimental result shows that the bilateral cooperation control strategy can maintain the output voltage around 48 V and the transmission efficiency around 84.5%, which meets the expected requirements.

Impacts of wireless charging system for electric vehicles on power grid

Electric Vehicles (EVs) have become a viable choice for cutting carbon emissions in the field of road transportation. EVs will be incorporated into the electrical grid at an increasing rate in the near future. EVs themselves are becoming immense power consuming load on the power grid system as a result of the growing number of EVs, mostly light-duty EVs. In addition to posing major technical risks such power quality issues, voltage swings, harmonic injection, battery deterioration, and grid instability, the unplanned installation and rapid adoption of charging stations might impede the smooth functioning of the power distribution system. Therefore, this paper analyzes and summarizes the potential issues and solutions for Fast Wireless Charging (FWC) that allows for the wireless transmission of very high-power levels (>20 kW) from the power grid to explore the impact of EV charging on the power system network. This need can have far-reaching effects on the load profile, operation, and design of the distribution network. In order to avoid exceeding the grid's technical restrictions, it is crucial to find the maximum feasible deployment level before rolling out an FWC network. This study provides a method for assessing how FWC technologies influence distribution networks. Using a realistic model of an Indian MV distribution feeder, the proposed methodology is used, providing both quantitative and qualitative results that serve as potential directions for future research studies.

Wireless Charging System for Electric Vehicles

This paper presents a comprehensive review of wireless electric vehicle (EV) charging technologies, focusing on the advancements, challenges, and prospects in this domain. With the increasing adoption of electric vehicles globally, the demand for efficient and convenient charging solutions has grown significantly. Wireless charging offers promising opportunities to enhance the user experience by eliminating the need for physical connections between the charger and the vehicle. This review discusses the underlying principles of various wireless charging technologies, including inductive charging, resonant charging, and capacitive charging. Furthermore, it examines the key components and system architectures involved in wireless EV charging systems. The paper also addresses the technical challenges such as efficiency, alignment, safety, and interoperability that must be overcome to realize the widespread deployment of wireless charging infrastructure. Additionally, the regulatory and standardization efforts governing wireless EV charging are discussed, along with their implications for market adoption. Finally, the review provides insights into future research directions and potential applications of wireless EV charging technology, including dynamic charging systems and integration with smart grid networks. Overall, this paper serves as a valuable resource for researchers, engineers, and policymakers interested in understanding the current state and future prospects of wireless electric vehicle charging.

Wireless Charging of Electric Vehicle on Highways in Running Mode by Solar Energy

Abstract: The adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) is on the rise globally, driven by the need for sustainable transportation solutions to mitigate climate change and reduce dependence on fossil fuels. However, the infrastructure for charging EVs remains a significant challenge, hindering widespread adoption. In response, innovative approaches such as wireless charging technology, coupled with solar energy, have emerged to address these challenges. This paper presents an overview of wireless charging systems for electric vehicles, integrated with solar energy, aiming to provide a sustainable and convenient solution for EV owners. The integration of wireless charging and solar energy offers numerous benefits, including convenience, efficiency, and environmental sustainability. By eliminating the need for physical connections and harnessing the power of the sun, electric vehicles can be charged seamlessly and sustainably, reducing reliance on the grid and lowering carbon emissions. This paper discusses the principles behind wireless charging technology, the design considerations for integrating solar energy, and the potential impact on the future of sustainable transportation. Additionally, it addresses the challenges and opportunities associated with this innovative approach, highlighting the need for further research and development to realize its full potential. Overall, the convergence of wireless charging technology with solar energy represents a promising solution to the challenges facing the widespread adoption of electric vehicles, contributing to a cleaner and greener transportation ecosystem.

SMART WIRELESS BATTERY CHARGER WITH CHARGING MONITER

Smart wearables for health monitoring are new technologies that enable customers to monitor and track their health. However, as the number of sensors in a wearable device grows, along with continuous monitoring and wireless communications, battery lifetime and charge length become a big concern. This issue is especially relevant for health monitoring of workers in hazardous environments such as emergency response responders, mining, and construction. In this research, we describe a wireless charging system for a health monitoring smart-wear application for workers, taking into account the power consumption needs of sensory hardware, communication technology, and realistic charging scenarios. We also show a functional prototype of a 5-watt wireless charging device utilized in our health monitoring wearable. Our paper describes the design, analysis of the needs, and important components of a 'wireless charging bin' that we are currently prototyping for our application.

IOT Based Wireless Electric Vehicle Charging Station System

The automotive industry is quickly transitioning from IC engine vehicles to electric vehicles as we enter a new era of automobiles. The growing demand for electric vehicles is also driving up the number of charging stations. In this idea, the automobile is charged wirelessly through inductive coupling using a wireless charging system. All we have to do is pull the automobile into the charging station. Wireless Power Transmission is the process of sending electrical energy from a source to a load over a distance without the need of cables or other conducting wires. This project can open up new possibilities of wireless charging that can use in our daily lives. Wireless power transfer (WPT) using magnetic resonance is the technology which could set human free from the annoying wires. This system can be used to charge the battery of Electric Vehicle Key Words: Wireless, Power, Transmission, Charging Station, Magnetic Resonance.

Anti-Offset Multicoil Underwater Wireless Power Transfer Based on a BP Neural Network

Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) are now widely used in both civilian and military applications; however, wireless charging underwater often faces difficulties such as disturbances from ocean currents and errors in device positioning, making proper alignment of the charging devices challenging. Misalignment between the primary and secondary coils can significantly impact the efficiency and power of the wireless charging system energy transfer. To address the issue of misalignment in wireless charging systems, this paper proposes a multiple transfer coil wireless power transfer (MTCWPT) system based on backpropagation (BP) neural network control combined with nonsingular terminal sliding mode control (NTSMC) to enhance further the system robustness and efficiency. To achieve WPT in the ocean, a coil shielding case structure was equipped. In displacement experiments, the proposed multi-transmitting coil system could achieve stable power transfer of 40 W and efficiency of over 78.5% within a displacement range of 8 cm. The system robustness was also validated. This paper presents a new AUV energy supply solution based on MTCWPT. The proposed MTCWPT system can significantly improve the navigation performance of AUVs.

Design of Magnetic Coupler for AUV Wireless Charging and Its Electromagnetic Field Simulation

The magnetic coupler is one of the important components of wireless charging system, and its coupling coefficient directly influences the energy transmission efficiency. This paper designs a magnetic coupler for Autonomous Underwater Vehicle(AUV) wireless charging in the marine environment. Firstly, the eddy current effect during energy transmission of the magnetic coupler under seawater conditions is analyzed, and the equivalent model of the wireless charging system is compensated and corrected. Then, the genetic-BP neural network algorithm is used to determine the relevant structural parameters of the magnetic coupler. Finally, the electromagnetic field simulation analysis of the offset phenomenon between the transmitting and receiving sides of the magnetic coupler is carried out based on ANSYS MAXEWLL software.The results show that the coupling coefficient of the magnetic coupler under normal operation is 0.87, and if there is a 10mm radial offset (or 5 ° circumferential offset), the coupling coefficient will decrease to 0.74 (or 0.78), which provides a reference basis for the subsequent offset fault-tolerant design of the AUV wireless charging system.

Wireless Solar Charging Stations for Electric Vehicles

The automotive industry is quickly transitioning from IC engine vehicles to electric vehicles as we enter a new era of automobiles. The growing demand for electric vehicles is also driving up the number of charging stations. In this idea, the automobile is charged wirelessly through inductive coupling using a wireless charging system. All we have to do is pull the automobile into the charging station. Wireless Power Transmission is the process of sending electrical energy from a source to a load over a distance without the need of cables or other conducting wires. Nikola Tesla’s greatest invention was the idea of wireless power transfer. There is no need for human contact with this technology. One technology that may be a step towards the future is wireless power transmission. With the help of this project, wireless charging may become more practical for everyday usage. Magnetic resonance-based wireless power transfer (WPT) is a technology that has the potential to free people from obtrusive wires. Actually, the WPT uses the same fundamental theory known as inductive power transfer that has been studied for at least thirty years. WPT technology has advanced quickly in the last many years. With a load efficiency above 90%, the power transfer distance grows from several millimeters to several hundred millimeters at the mill watts to kilowatts power level. Electric vehicle (EV) charging applications find the WPT highly appealing due to its advancements, as it can be used in both stationary and dynamic charging settings. The WPT technologies that are relevant to EV wireless charging are represented in this presentation. The challenges of charging time, range, and cost can be readily reduced by implementing WPT in EVs. With the widespread adoption of EVs, battery technology is no longer significant. It is believed that the cutting-edge accomplishments would inspire researchers to further both the spread of EV and the continued development of WPT.

Development of an innovative wireless power transmission model for marine applications

The conventional wired charging system for ship-to-shore charging of underwater vehicles is prone to specific problems related to unreliable connection mechanisms and safety. The wireless charging system overcomes the danger of electrocution, as the power is transferred from the shore to the ship via electromagnetic induction instead of traditional ways of transferring AC power in the marine environment. This paper presents a novel system-level modeling and designing of wireless power transmission for marine applications. The proposed system comprises three main components: (a) a shore-side mobile transmitter (Shore-SMT), (b) an onboard static receiver, and (c) another ship-side mobile transmitter (Ship-SMT). The Shore-SMT and Ship-SMT, each consisting of a circular array of magnets, rotate in the vicinity of the receiver with a fixed circular variety of coils, resulting in voltage induction in the receiver coil. Consequently, the induced voltage in the receiver coil charges the onboard batteries. COMSOL® MULTIPHYSICS environment is used for the modeling and simulation of the proposed system using finite element method (FEM). The test cases simulate the individual and mutual rotation of the transmitters at several distances from the receiver coil. A prototype of the model is also developed. Experimental results from the developed prototype show promising performance as the percentage of transferred voltage increases from a single layer of x9 coil and x9 magnet bars to 70-75% and 80% in a double layer of x9 Ferro bars with x9 winding coils and double-sided x12 magnets and x9 winding coils respectively. It proves to be a better alternative to the conventional methods used for Ships and Vessel charging.

A Strongly Coupled Vehicle-to-Vehicle Wireless Charging System for Emergency Charging Purposes With Constant-Current and Constant-Voltage Charging Capabilities

A Strongly Coupled Vehicle-to-Vehicle Wireless Charging System for Emergency Charging Purposes With Constant-Current and Constant-Voltage Charging Capabilities

A Novel Asymmetrical Quadrupolar Coil for Interoperability of Unipolar, Bipolar, and Quadrupolar Coils in Electric Vehicle Wireless Charging Systems

The unipolar, bipolar, and quadrupolar coils used in an electric vehicle wireless charging system are not interoperable with each other. Thus, there would be interoperability issues when the transmitting and receiving coils are not the same. To solve this issue, this letter proposes an asymmetrical quadrupolar coil that can be interoperable with the four conventional coils at the same position for efficient wireless power transfer, namely the unipolar coil, the bipolar coil along two perpendicular directions, and the quadrupolar coil. Large coupling coefficients can be achieved for the proposed coil with the four conventional coils when perfectly aligned. The misalignment performance with the four conventional coils is also investigated. An experimental prototype is developed to compare the conventional symmetrical quadrupolar coil and the proposed asymmetrical quadrupolar coil for validation of interoperability. The proposed asymmetrical quadrupolar coil achieves a maximum coupling coefficient of over 0.10 and a maximum dc-dc efficiency of over 85% with the four conventional coils.

Misalignment Tolerance of Electric Vehicle Wireless Charging System Based on Reconfigurable Adaptive Topology and Centrosymmetric Coils

Misalignment Tolerance of Electric Vehicle Wireless Charging System Based on Reconfigurable Adaptive Topology and Centrosymmetric Coils

A Survey of Wireless Charging System for Electric Vehicles and Fire Protection

Wireless charging for electric vehicles offers convenient power replenishment without physical connections. Fire protection measures are integral to ensure safety during wireless charging, mitigating potential risks of overheating or electrical malfunctions. The integration of wireless charging systems for electric vehicles (evs) alongside effective fire protection measures presents a promising avenue towards enhancing the sustainability and safety of urban transportation. In this survey work, we meticulously examine the state-of-the-art advancements, methodologies, and challenges pertaining to the fusion of wireless charging technologies with robust fire protection mechanisms for evs. In this survey encapsulates a synthesis of methodologies, technical architectures, and regulatory frameworks, providing researchers and practitioners with valuable insights to navigate the intricate landscape of wireless charging systems for evs and fire protection

Stochastic Optimization of an Electric Bus Dynamic Wireless Charging System

The Electric Bus Dynamic Wireless Charging (EB-DWC) system is a bus charging system that enables electric buses to receive power wirelessly from ground-based electromagnetic induction devices. In this system, how to optimally configure the charging infrastructures while considering the unpredictable nature of bus movement is a great challenge. This paper presents an optimization problem for an EB-DWC system in urban settings, addressing stochastic elements inherent in the vehicle speed, initial charging state, and dwell time at bus stops. We formulate a stochastic planning problem for the EB-DWC system by integrating these uncertainties and apply Monte Carlo sampling techniques to effectively solve this problem. The proposed method can improve the system’s robustness effectively.

Enhancing electric vehicle charging performance through series-series topology resonance-coupled wireless power transfer.

The current electric vehicles (EVs) market is experiencing significant expansion, underscoring the need to address challenges associated with the limited driving range of EVs. A primary focus in this context is the improvement of the wireless charging process. To contribute to this research area, this study introduces a circular spiral coil design that incorporates transceiver coils. First, an in-depth analysis is conducted using Ansys Maxwell software to assess the effectiveness of the proposed solution through the magnetic field distribution, inductance properties, and mutual inductance between receiver and transmitter coils. In the next step, a direct shielding technique is applied, integrating a ferrite core bar to reduce power leakage and enhance power transmission efficiency. The ferrite magnetic shielding guides magnetic field lines, resulting in a significant reduction in flux leakage and improved power transmission. Lastly, a magnetic resonance series (SS) compensation wireless system is developed to achieve high coupling efficiency and superior performance. The system's effectiveness is evaluated through co-simulation using Ansys Simplorer software. The results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed solution, showing its ability to transmit 3.6 kilowatts with a success rate approaching 99%. This contribution significantly advances the development of wireless charging systems for electric vehicles, addressing concerns and promoting global adoption.