Winter Season Precipitation Research Articles

Precipitation at Ocean Weather Station “P"

Abstract This paper examines the 27-yr record of precipitation measurements at Ocean Weather Station “P” (50°N, 145°W). The credibility of the rainfall observations is assessed, and the testing of certain extraordinary features of the fall and winter seasonal precipitation time series is outlined. Using the portion of the record established to be close to “ground truth” (1954–1967), the authors have statistically related present weather observations to seasonal precipitation amounts at Ocean Weather Station “P.” With this approach, the authors have reproduced the first half (1954–1967) and predicted the second half (1969–1980) of the precipitation time series to compare to observations. Precipitation is physically estimated by determining the vertical moisture convergence at Ocean Weather Station “P” and comparing the relative consistency of the moisture convergence time series to the contemporaneous seasonal rate of measured precipitation. The analysis suggests that the Ocean Weather Station “P” record o...

Cloud systems associated with western disturbances : A preliminary study

During the winter season cloud and precipitation belts are seen to move from west to east over northern India. The cause of these cloud and precipitation systems came to be referred to as 'western disturbances'. In this study the cloud systems have been classified into five broad categories. Typical examples of these cloud patterns and synoptic conditions most commonly associated with each category of cloud systems are presented in this paper.