Wingate Anaerobic Power Research Articles

Seasonal Variation in Physical Performance–Related Variables in Male NCAA Division III Soccer Players

The purpose of this study was to examine changes in various aerobic and anaerobic physical performance measures in male National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division III soccer players during the competitive soccer season. Twelve starters of the men's soccer team (mean +/- SD; age = 20.0 +/- 0.9 years, height = 175.7 +/- 8.1 cm, body mass = 73.9 +/- 11.00 kg, body mass index [BMI] 24.0 +/- 3.0 kg.m2, and percent body fat = 10.6 +/- 5.4%) were tested at the beginning (PRS) and the end (POS) of the collegiate soccer season. Each experimental trial included a maximal aerobic capacity test (VO2max); 10-, 30-, and 40-m sprints; pro-agility test; and the Wingate anaerobic power test (WAnT). From PRS to POS, VO2max significantly increased (51.05 +/- 5.97 vs. 54.64 +/- 4.90 ml.kg-1.min-1), and the 10- and 30-m sprint were significantly lower (2.03 +/- 0.15 vs. 1.96 +/- 0.11 seconds and 4.72 +/- 0.26 vs. 4.51 +/- 0.24 seconds, respectively). Anthropometric measures, 40-m sprint, pro-agility test, and WAnT were not significantly different between PRS and POS. The results of this study indicate that NCAA Division III male soccer players appear to improve aerobic and anaerobic performance measures during the competitive soccer season. It is arguable that these performance improvements may represent a poor preseason conditioning level that may result in a competitive disadvantage during the early stages of the season. An ongoing process of recruiting better-quality players that may closely follow the off-season training regimen may partially remedy this problem.

Physical Performance Characteristics in National Collegiate Athletic Association Division III Champion Female Lacrosse Athletes

The purpose of this study was to examine performance differences between starters and nonstarters and between different playing positions in collegiate female lacrosse athletes. Twenty-two subjects playing on a two-time defending National Champion National Collegiate Athletic Association Division III female lacrosse team volunteered to participate in this study. Subjects were examined during the preseason period and participated in a total of 5 testing sessions, separated by at least 72 hours. Subjects were tested on their 1 repetition maximum (1RM) (bench press and squat), vertical jump, Wingate anaerobic power test (WAnT), 30-second sprint using a nonmotorized treadmill, maximal aerobic capacity, 40-yd sprint, T-drill, and pro-agility test. No significant differences were observed between starters and nonstarters in any performance variable. Anthropometric analysis revealed that attackers were 15.7% (p < 0.05) heavier than midfielders. A significant difference (10.3%) between defenders and midfielders was seen in 1RM squat, while no other strength differences were noted. Attackers were more powerful in the WAnT (both peak and mean power) than both defenders (19.6 and 13.4%, respectively) and midfielders (21.2 and 13.4%, respectively). No significant differences were noted between the groups in any speed or agility measure. Although physical performance characteristics were not different between starters and nonstarters, results indicate that attackers are heavier and more powerful than the other positions and midfielders appear to be weaker in lower-body strength relative to the other positions in lacrosse.

The relationship between isokinetic strength of knee extensors/flexors, jumping and anaerobic performance

8th World Congress of Performance Analysis of Sports -- SEP 03-06, 2008 -- Magdeburg, GERMANY

Examination of a pre-exercise, high energy supplement on exercise performance.

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a pre-exercise high energy drink on reaction time and anaerobic power in competitive strength/power athletes. In addition, the effect of the pre-exercise drink on subjective feelings of energy, fatigue, alertness and focus was also explored.MethodsTwelve male strength/power athletes (21.1 ± 1.3 y; 179.8 ± 7.1 cm; 88.6 ± 12.1 kg; 17.6 ± 3.3% body fat) underwent two testing sessions administered in a randomized and double-blind fashion. During each session, subjects reported to the Human Performance Laboratory and were provided with either 120 ml of a high energy drink (SUP), commercially marketed as Redline Extreme® or 120 ml of a placebo (PL) that was similar in taste and appearance but contained no active ingredients. Following consumption of the supplement or placebo subjects rested quietly for 10-minutes prior to completing a survey and commencing exercise. The survey consisted of 4 questions asking each subject to describe their feelings of energy, fatigue, alertness and focus for that moment. Following the completion of the questionnaire subjects performed a 2-minute quickness and reaction test on the Makoto testing device (Makoto USA, Centennial CO) and a 20-second Wingate Anaerobic Power test. Following a 10-minute rest subjects repeated the testing sequence and after a similar rest period a third and final testing sequence was performed. The Makoto testing device consisted of subjects reacting to both a visual and auditory stimulus and striking one out of 30 potential targets on three towers.ResultsSignificant difference in reaction performance was seen between SUP and PL in both average number of targets struck (55.8 ± 7.4 versus 51.9 ± 7.4, respectively) and percent of targets struck (71.9 ± 10.5% versus 66.8 ± 10.9%, respectively). No significant differences between trials were seen in any anaerobic power measure. Subjective feelings of energy (3.5 ± 0.5 versus 3.1 ± 0.5) and focus (3.8 ± 0.5 versus 3.3 ± 0.7) were significantly higher during SUP compared to PL, respectively. In addition, a trend towards an increase in average alertness (p = 0.06) was seen in SUP compared to P.ConclusionResults indicate a significant increase in reaction performance, with no effect on anaerobic power performance. In addition, ingestion of this supplement significantly improves subjective feelings of focus and energy in male strength/power athletes.

Effect of betaine supplementation on power performance and fatigue

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of 15 days of betaine supplementation on muscle endurance, power performance and rate of fatigue in active college-aged men.MethodsTwenty-four male subjects were randomly assigned to one of two groups. The first group (BET; 20.4 ± 1.3 years; height: 176.8 ± 6.6 cm; body mass: 77.8 ± 13.4 kg) consumed the supplement daily, and the second group (PL; 21.4 ± 4.7 years; height: 181.3 ± 5.9 cm; body mass: 83.3 ± 5.2 kg) consumed a placebo. Subjects were tested prior to the onset of supplementation (T1) and 7 (T2) and 14 days (T3) following supplementation. Each testing period occurred over a 2-day period. During day one of testing subjects performed a vertical jump power (VJP) and a bench press throw (BPT) power test. In addition, subjects were required to perform as many repetitions as possible with 75% of their 1-RM in both the squat and bench press exercises. Both peak and mean power was assessed on each repetition. On day two of testing subjects performed two 30-sec Wingate anaerobic power tests (WAnT), each test separated by a 5-min active rest.ResultsNo differences were seen at T2 or T3 in the repetitions performed to exhaustion or in the number of repetitions performed at 90% of both peak and mean power between the groups in the bench press exercise. The number of repetitions performed in the squat exercise for BET was significantly greater (p < 0.05) than that seen for PL at T2. The number of repetitions performed at 90% or greater of peak power in the squat exercise was significantly greater for BET at both T2 and T3 than PL. No differences in any power assessment (VJP, BPT, WAnT) was seen between the groupsConclusionTwo-weeks of betaine supplementation in active, college males appeared to improve muscle endurance of the squat exercise, and increase the quality of repetitions performed.

EFFECTIVENESS OF OMURA'S ST.36 POINT {TRUE ST.36) NEEDLING ON THE WINGATE ANAEROBIC TEST RESULTS OF YOUNG SOCCER PLAYERS

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the "Omura's ST.36 point" (True ST.36) needling of young soccer players with the Wingate test. The Wingate test is a widely used and very well known ergometric bicycle test to measure anaerobic power. The Bi-Digital O-Ring Test (B.D.O.R.T.) of Yoshiaki Omura, M.D., Sc.D. was used to determine the "Omura's ST.36 point" (True ST.36). Young soccer players (N = 20) between 15-16 years of age (Mean = 15.25 +/- 0.44) were involved in the study. Subjects were divided into two groups (ST.36 and Omura's ST.36) randomly. The groups were statistically similar in respect to their number, age, height and weight respectively, N = 10; 15.40 +/- 0.52, 15.10 +/- 0.32; 171.50 +/- 3.57, 171.00 +/- 4.81; 65.60 +/- 4.01, 61.50 +/- 4.77. The anaerobic power of the subjects were measured using Monark 894E ergometric bicycle. The breaking resistance was 75 g per kg of body weight of the subjects. The peak power, average power, minimum power and power drop were measured as absolute values and per kg of body weight. Subjects were tested twice, with and without acupuncture application. In one group needling was on ST.36, and in the other group it was on "Omura's ST.36 point." Before each test, subjects warmed up for 5 minutes by cycling on the same ergometer at 60 rotations per minute (RPM), without load. Statistically significant increases were measured with the needling of Omura's ST 36 point in peak power (p < 0.01), and relative peak power (p < 0.01) in comparison to Wingate test results without needling. ST.36 needling showed statistically insignificant increases of the same measurements and comparison. We conclude that needling of both points, but especially Omura's ST.36, seem to be effective for increasing the anaerobic power of young soccer players measured with Wingate anaerobic power test. More research is needed to support these findings in all aspects.

Examination of a pre-exercise high energy drink on exercise performance

Methods Twelve male strength/power athletes (21.1 ± 1.3 y; 179.8 ± 7.1 cm; 88.6 ± 12.1 kg; 17.6 ± 3.3% body fat) underwent two testing sessions administered in a randomized and double-blind fashion. During each session, subjects reported to the Human Performance Laboratory and were provided either 120 ml of a high energy drink (S), commercially marketed as Redline® or 120 ml of a placebo (P). The placebo was similar in taste and appearance but contained no active ingredients. Following consumption of the supplement or placebo subjects rested quietly for 10minutes prior to completing a 4-question survey and commencing exercise. The survey consisted of 4 questions asking each subject to describe their feelings of energy, fatigue, alertness and focus at that moment. Following the completion of the questionnaire subjects performed a 2minute quickness and reaction test on the Makoto testing device (Makoto USA, Centennial CO) and a 20-second Wingate Anaerobic Power test. Following a 10-minute rest subjects repeated the testing sequence and after a similar rest period a third and final testing sequence was performed. The Makoto testing device consisted of subjects reacting to both a visual and auditory stimulus and striking one out of 30 potential targets on three towers.

The relationship between anaerobic performance, muscle strength and sprint ability in American football players

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between, isokinetic knee strength, anaerobic performance and sprinting ability in American football players. Twenty-eight male amateur American football players participated in this study voluntarily. Knee extension and flexion strengths were evaluated at 60, 150 and 240°/s, anaerobic performance was evaluated by Wingate anaerobic power test and sprint ability was determined by single- (20 m) and repeated-sprint (12 x 20 m) tests. Extension strength was significantly correlated with peak and mean power in all contraction velocities; however the only significant correlation between flexion strength and peak power was indicated at 240°/s. In the case of sprinting ability, there was a significant but weak correlation between 240°.S -1 knee flexion strength and percentage of performance decrement from 10-20 m (r = 0.381, p 0.05). Hence, although maximal knee extension strength is a crucial component in anaerobic performance of American football players, lack of its association with single- and repeated-sprint performance indicates that factors other than strength might be involved in single-and repeated-sprint performance in this group of athletes.

The Effect of Hypohydration on Anaerobic Exercise Performance

Dehydration, a loss of body water, is common during exercise or work, especially under conditions of extreme heat. In the sport or occupational setting, individuals who are hypohydrated are often required to perform anaerobic exercise. Although it is well known that hypohydration impacts negatively on aerobic exercise performance, the impact of hypohydration on anaerobic exercise performance is less well defined. PURPOSE: This study examined the effect of moderate hypohydration on anaerobic exercise performance. METHODS: Eight healthy, athletic, male subjects (age: 19.6 ± 1.3 yrs; height: 180.1 ± 8.6 cm; weight: 82.6 ± 10.8 kg; VO2max: 46.5 ± 3.8 mls/kg/min) completed two iterations of a 30-second Wingate Anaerobic Power Test: EUHY Wingate, in a well-hydrated condition, and HYPOHY Wingate, under conditions of moderate hypohydration (-3.8 ± 0.6 % body weight). The iterations were randomly assigned and separated by 3-10 days. Exercise tests were conducted at the same time of day. Hydration status was determined by urine specific gravity (USG): EUHY 1.016 ± 0.006; HYPOHY 1.027 ± 0.003 and later confirmed by analysis of plasma osmolality: EUHY 273.0 ± 2.83 mOsm/kg; HYPOHY 293 ± 0.2.83 mOsm/kg. RESULTS: Paired t-tests demonstrated no significant differences between treatment conditions (EUHY vs. HYPOHY) in mean power (EUHY: 663.08 ± 90.30 watts vs. HYPOHY: 641.40 ± 70.01 watts) p = 0.52 and in mean power/kg BW (EUHY: 8.37 ± 1.24 watts/kg BW vs. HYPOHY: 8.31 ± 0.95 watts/kg BW) p = 0.89. CONCLUSION: Results indicate that moderate hypohydration does not impair anaerobic exercise performance in young, athletic males.

Relationship of Lower Extremity Factors, 200m record and Wingate Anaerobic Power in Racing and Competitive Cyclists

Relationship of Lower Extremity Factors, 200m record and Wingate Anaerobic Power in Racing and Competitive Cyclists

Short-duration β-alanine supplementation increases training volume and reduces subjective feelings of fatigue in college football players

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of 30 days of beta-alanine supplementation in collegiate football players on anaerobic performance measures. Subjects were randomly divided into a supplement (beta-alanine group [BA], 4.5 g x d(-1) of beta-alanine) or placebo (placebo group [P], 4.5 g x d(-1) of maltodextrin) group. Supplementation began 3 weeks before preseason football training camp and continued for an additional 9 days during camp. Performance measures included a 60-second Wingate anaerobic power test and 3 line drills (200-yd shuttle runs with a 2-minute rest between sprints) assessed on day 1 of training camp. Training logs recorded resistance training volumes, and subjects completed questionnaires on subjective feelings of soreness, fatigue, and practice intensity. No difference was seen in fatigue rate in the line drill, but a trend (P = .07) was observed for a lower fatigue rate for BA compared with P during the Wingate anaerobic power test. A significantly higher training volume was seen for BA in the bench press exercise, and a trend (P = .09) for a greater training volume was seen for all resistance exercise sessions. In addition, subjective feelings of fatigue were significantly lower for BA than P. In conclusion, despite a trend toward lower fatigue rates during 60 seconds of maximal exercise, 3 weeks of beta-alanine supplementation did not result in significant improvements in fatigue rates during high-intensity anaerobic exercise. However, higher training volumes and lower subjective feelings of fatigue in BA indicated that as duration of supplementation continued, the efficacy of beta-alanine supplementation in highly trained athletes became apparent.

Muscle Function in Saudi Children and Adolescents: Relationship to Anthropometric Characteristics during Growth

The main purpose of the present study was to determine isokinetic strength and endurance, isometric strength, and anaerobic power for untrained healthy Saudi children and adolescents. The secondary purpose was to evaluate the effects of age in relation to anthropometric characteristics on strength and anaerobic performances. Forty-four (untrained) 11- to 19-year-old boys were grouped by age: 11-13 years, 14-16 years, and 17-19 years. All participants underwent anthropometric measurements, a flexibility test, a vertical jump test, a grip strength test, isokinetic strength measurements (Cybex Norm), and a Wingate anaerobic power test. One-way ANOVA results indicated age-related increases in muscle strength and power. High correlation coefficients that were found among age and strength and anaerobic power indices almost disappeared when fat-free mass (FFM) was controlled for, indicating that the amount of variance in these indices that was explained by age is mostly shared by FFM. In addition, stepwise linear regression models indicated that FFM was the main predictor of strength and power performances. Thus, FFM was the best scaling variable for body size when comparing these age groups of Saudis. Until wide-range normal representative values for isokinetic strength and anaerobic power for Saudi children and adolescents are available, the present study's results can serve as a reference for these indices.

Effect of tadalafil on anaerobic performance indices in healthy athletes

Objective:Given the therapeutic and non-therapeutic use of the tadalafil, (phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor, PDE-5i), we examined its effects on anaerobic performance indices.Methods:In total, 12 well-trained subjects reported to the laboratory on two...

Effects of Plyometric Training versus Traditional Weight Training on Strength, Power, and Aesthetic Jumping Ability in Female Collegiate Dancers

While the benefits of traditional strength training for dancers has been examined, no such investigation has been performed for plyometric training. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the effects of plyometric training and traditional weight training on aesthetic jumping ability, lower-body strength, and power in col-legiate dancers. Eighteen female dancers who were enrolled in a minimum of one intermediate or advanced ballet or modern class at Skidmore College volunteered to participate in the study. Twelve subjects were randomly assigned to a plyometric (n = 6) or traditional weight training (n = 6) group. The remaining six subjects served as a self-selected control group. The plyometric group performed 3 sets of 8 repetitions of 4 different lower-body plyometric exercises twice a week. The weight training group performed 3 sets of 6 to 8 repetitions of 4 lower-body isotonic exercises twice a week. The control group refrained from all forms of strength training. Each subject maintained her normal dance classes throughout the six week intervention. All subjects were tested prior to and following the six-week training period. Testing consisted of assessments of jumping skill and lower-body strength and power. Strength was assessed via 3 one-repetition maximum tests: leg press, leg curl, and leg extension. Power was assessed with a Wingate anaerobic power test and vertical jump height tests. Aesthetic jumping ability was assessed via an evaluation by dance faculty at Skidmore College on ballon, jump height, ability to point the feet in the air, and overall jumping ability. There were no differences in the descriptive measures of jumping ability, strength or power among the groups at the start of the study. The plyometric group significantly increased leg press strength (37%), standing vertical jump height (8.3%), and aesthetic jump height (14%). The weight training group significantly increased leg press strength (32%), leg curl strength (23%), mean anaerobic power (6%), aesthetic jump height (22%), and aesthetic ability to point the feet in the air (20%). No significant changes were seen in the control group. The results of this study indicate that either plyometric training or traditional lower-body weight training can be useful in improving variables applicable to dance. This study also supports the notion that short-term dance training alone may not be sufficient to elicit improvements in these variables.

EFFECT OF NUTRITIONALLY ENRICHED COFFEE CONSUMPTION ON AEROBIC AND ANAEROBICEXERCISE PERFORMANCE

The purpose of this study was to compare nutritionally enriched JavaFit coffee (JF) to commercially available decaffeinated coffee (P) with regard to impact on endurance and anaerobic power performance in a physically active, college-aged population. Ten subjects (8 men, 2 women) performed two 30-second Wingate anaerobic power tests and 2 cycle ergometer tests (75% O2max) to exhaustion. Mean O2 was measured during each endurance exercise protocol. Excess postexercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) and respiratory exchange ratio (RER) were recorded for 30 minutes following all exercise sessions. Area under the curve analysis was used to compare EPOC between JF and P for all exercise sessions. No differences were seen between JF and P in any of the power performance measures. However, time to exhaustion was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in JF (35.3 ± 15.2 minutes) compared with P (27.3 ± 10.7 minutes). No difference between JF and P were seen in EPOC in either the aerobic or anaerobic exercise sessions. A significant (p < 0.05) difference in average 30-minute postanaerobic power exercise RER was seen between JF (0.87 ± 0.04) and P (0.83 ± 0.03), but not following endurance exercise. A nutritionally-enriched coffee beverage appears to enhance time to exhaustion during aerobic exercise, but does not provide an ergogenic benefit during anaerobic exercise.

Validation of a Repeated Sprint Test for Determination of Anaerobic Power In Recreational Athletes

There is currently little agreement regarding the most appropriate assessment for anaerobic power. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to validate a repeated sprint test for determination of anaerobic power. METHODS: Twelve college age, recreational athletes (10 females, 2 males) (age 24.9±4.3yr; Wt 64.2±10.6kg) volunteered to participate in (S) a series of 10 successive 40 yard sprints that began from a common start point and were completed within five minutes; (W) a Wingate Anaerobic Power Test, and (J) the Sargeant Vertical Jump Test. Finger stick lactate samples were obtained 3 minutes post (W) and (S). Subjects were familiarized and tests were performed in random order with a minimum of 24 hours between tests. RESULTS: Significant(p<05) relationships between W(lactate) and S(lactate) r=.82;W(peak power) and S(peak power) r=.61; S(avg power) and W(peak power) r=.82; J(peak power) and S(peak power) r=.78; S(peak power) and W(total work) r=.87; W(avg power) and S(avg power) r=.83 were evidenced. CONCLUSION: This repeated 40 yd. sprint test appears to be a valid test of both peak and sustained anaerobic power and provides an alternative assessment specific to running athletes.

Validity Study of Mechanically versus Electro-magnetically Braked Cycle Ergometer on Wingate Anaerobic Power Test

Validity Study of Mechanically versus Electro-magnetically Braked Cycle Ergometer on Wingate Anaerobic Power Test

Effect of Nutritionally Enriched Coffee Consumption on Aerobic and Anaerobic Exercise Performance

The purpose of this study was to compare nutritionally enriched JavaFit coffee (JF) to commercially available decaffeinated coffee (P) with regard to impact on endurance and anaerobic power performance in a physically active, college-aged population. Ten subjects (8 men, 2 women) performed two 30-second Wingate anaerobic power tests and 2 cycle ergometer tests (75% VO2 max) to exhaustion. Mean VO2 was measured during each endurance exercise protocol. Excess postexercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) and respiratory exchange ratio (RER) were recorded for 30 minutes following all exercise sessions. Area under the curve analysis was used to compare EPOC between JF and P for all exercise sessions. No differences were seen between JF and P in any of the power performance measures. However, time to exhaustion was significantly (p = 0.05) higher in JF (35.3 +/- 15.2 minutes) compared with P (27.3 +/- 10.7 minutes). No difference between JF and P were seen in EPOC in either the aerobic or anaerobic exercise sessions. A significant (p < 0.05) difference in average 30-minute postanaerobic power exercise RER was seen between JF (0.87 +/- 0.04) and P (0.83 +/- 0.03), but not following endurance exercise. A nutritionally-enriched coffee beverage appears to enhance time to exhaustion during aerobic exercise, but does not provide an ergogenic benefit during anaerobic exercise.

Effect of Creatine and ß-Alanine Supplementation on Performance and Endocrine Responses in Strength/Power Athletes

The effects of creatine and creatine plus beta-alanine on strength, power, body composition, and endocrine changes were examined during a 10-wk resistance training program in collegiate football players. Thirty-three male subjects were randomly assigned to either a placebo (P), creatine (C), or creatine plus beta-alanine (CA) group. During each testing session subjects were assessed for strength (maximum bench press and squat), power (Wingate anaerobic power test, 20-jump test), and body composition. Resting blood samples were analyzed for total testosterone, cortisol, growth hormone, IGF-1, and sex hormone binding globulin. Changes in lean body mass and percent body fat were greater (P < 0.05) in CA compared to C or P. Significantly greater strength improvements were seen in CA and C compared to P. Resting testosterone concentrations were elevated in C, however, no other significant endocrine changes were noted. Results of this study demonstrate the efficacy of creatine and creatine plus beta-alanine on strength performance. Creatine plus beta-alanine supplementation appeared to have the greatest effect on lean tissue accruement and body fat composition.

Effects of type of physical exercise and leisure activities on the depression scores of obese Brazilian adolescent girls

Several studies have indicated that depressive states may lead to hypokinesia with diminished metabolic rate and energy use. Hypokinesia associated with certain eating behaviors may lead to an unfavorable energy balance that can contribute to the emergence and prevalence of obesity among children and adults. The purpose of the present study was to examine the possibility of reducing depression inventory scores in female adolescents with third-degree obesity while testing the effectiveness of different exercise programs in reducing anxiety and depression scores. The sample consisted of 40 female subjects (mean age 16 +/- 1.56 years) divided into 4 groups (aerobic training, anaerobic training, leisure activities, and control). Subjects had a body mass index of 95% or more in relation to the 50th percentile. The aerobic program consisted of three ergometric bicycle sessions per week over a 3-month period (12 weeks) and the activities were prescribed after determining the anaerobic ventilatory threshold (VO2 threshold). Anaerobic training was based on the Wingate anaerobic power test. The leisure program consisted of a varied range of activities (games, exercises, etc.). A nutritionist interviewed the members of these two groups and the control group every week in order to adapt them to the nutritional guidelines proposed for the study. The study showed that all three programs (aerobic exercise, anaerobic exercise and leisure activities) were effective in reducing body mass. However, we found a significant reduction when analyzing the depression scores only for aerobic exercise (18.9 +/- 9.33 to 10.6 +/- 9.56 or 43.9%) but no significant alterations for anaerobic exercise (11.36 +/- 5.23 to 9.63 +/- 4.78 or 15.22%) and leisure (17.28 +/- 7.55 to 15.07 +/- 7.54 or 12.78%), thus indicating that in principle this type of activity could be included to improve emotional well-being of obese adolescent girls.