Synopsis The following damselfly‐like protomyrmeleontid Odonatoptera are described from the Mesozoic of Eurasia: Ferganagrion kirghiziensis gen. et sp. nov., Paraobotritagrion gen. nov. for Paraobotritagrion tenuiformis (Zessin, 1991), Mongolagrion shartegensis gen. et sp. nov., Protomyrmeleon pumilio sp. nov., Protomyrmeleon kazakhstanensis sp. nov., Protomyrmeleon karatauensis sp. nov., Protomyrmeleon grandis sp. nov. The wing venations of protomyrmeleontid genera are homologised and the high morphological disparity in this family suggests that the Protomyrmeleontidae had very different modes of flight and consequently occupied a wide range of palaeoenvironments. A new phylogenetic analysis suggests that the fossil record is too scarce and incomplete to solve the phylogeny of the Protomyrmeleontidae. In particular, the current division of Protomyrmeleontidae in Triassagrioninae and Protomyrmeleontinae is only weakly supported.