Windows PC Research Articles

動的緩和法を用いた有限要素解析のためのグリッドコンピューティングの適用

Grid computing is innovative technology that obtains computing power by using many computers connected by network. A virtial grid computing system which consists of one Linux PC for server and several linux PCs and windows PCs for computing nodes has been constructed in our laboratory by using Globus Toolkit which is the grid middleware. In this paper, the parallel computation of finite element analysis using dynamic relaxation as iterative technique was achieved and accuracy of this method was evaluated. By using this technique, it was investigated to succeed the parallel computation in grid computing. From the numerical results, both the parallel eciency and the availability on use of windows PC for computing nodes were discussed.

BCVEGPY2.0: An upgraded version of the generator BCVEGPY with the addition of hadroproduction of the P-wave [formula omitted] states

The generator BCVEGPY is upgraded by adding the hadroproduction of the $P$-wave excited $B_c$ states (denoted by $B_{cJ,L=1}^*$ or by $h_{B_c}$ and $\chi_{B_c}$) and by improving some features of the original one as well. We denote it as BCVEGPY2.0. The $P$-wave production is also calculated by taking only the dominant gluon-gluon fusion mechanism (with the subprocess $gg\to B_{cJ,L=1}^*+\bar{c}+b$ being dominated) into account as that for $S$-wave. In order to make the addendum piece of the upgraded generator as compact as possible so as to increase its efficiency, we manipulate the amplitude as compact as possible with FDC (a software for generating Feynman diagrams and the algebra amplitudes, and for manipulating algebra formulae analytically etc) and certain simplification techniques. The correctness of the program is tested by checking the gauge invariance of the amplitude and by comparing the numerical results with the existent ones in the literature carefully.

A template for real-time image processing development - Windows-based PCs and webcams for computer vision research and education

A free and open-source software package called TRIPOD: Template for Real-time Image Processing Development, is described. TRIPOD was designed for classroom implementation or self-instruction. USB Logitech, Windows PC, Microsoft Visual C++ 6.0 compiler, and ANSI C/C++ are used in TRIPOD. The motivation for TRIPOD stemmed from observations that affordable, widely available, and portable components have made a strong impact on robotics. The article showcased applications like laser rangefinding and visual servoing.

Oxford Textbook of Medicine

Oxford Textbook of Medicine

3D molecular graphical user interface add-on for analysis program for EXAFS: a new prospect

This report describes an effort to include threedimensional interactive molecular graphics into the main APEX program, a free, open source, cross platform data analysis package for XRay Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS) data analysis. The latest version of APEX (2.7.3) based on a native TCL/TK tab-notebook style graphical user interface includes among others, user-friendly interactive two-dimensional graphics under BLT, an extension of TCL/TK with advanced printing capabilities; generic format conversion from ASCII to University of Washington binary-type files; new TCL routines for data handling; XMU corrections and multiple scattering fitting. Based on Virtual Rendering System (VRS), the 3D version reads and displays molecular structures for various file formats allowing object rotation, translation and atoms selection for determining interatomic distances and angles. The most important feature of 3D APEX is the interaction with the FEFF program: scattering paths are displayed, selected and are used to generate appropriate χ(k) XAFS spectra. 3D APEX is the only program that offers three-dimensional graphics and in its current form is suitable for routine data analysis and training. At this time the 3D APEX add-on is only available for Windows PC. Addition of more advanced methods of data analysis are planned.

PreLALS Workbench: Visual Data Manipulation Workbench for WinLALS on Windows PCs

PreLALS workbench is designed to aid users in the task of visualizing chemical structures using three-dimensional models, editing and the data manipulation for WinLALS program that refines the internal coordinates based on linked-atom least-squares (LALS) method for helical polymers. It combines the views of model building (MB), analyses, and data preparation tools with easy-to-use graphical user interfaces. We describe the outline of the WinLALS program with mathematical expressions and explain the several functions of the PreLALS workbench using each menu of the data preparation and example dialogs. The PreLALS workbench runs on most IBM compatible Windows PCs having a minimum of Pentium and the operating system must be either Windows 2000, 98, Me or XP.

Assessment of the Use of 3D- Viewing and Mark-up Tool for Rich Network Design Communication

Though there have been many successful examples of Virtual Design Studio, there still exist unsuccessful cases in which participants felt dissatisfied or even frustrated, especially at synchronous stages of design_communication. A discussion that required designers to refer to 3D models was one of the situations where technical support was insufficient to satisfy the expectation of designers. Assuming that an interactive viewing of 3D models and use of a mark-up utility on a shared PC window could enhance such design communications (though this also requires network bandwidth and computational power) the author conducted experiments in design discussion between two designers to test the capability and effects of these tools for network collaborations. This paper discusses the framework and results of the experiments, and proposes the next step for system developments.

곡률감지방법을 이용한 망원경의 수차 측정

We have developed a tool for measuring optical aberrations of telescope. We adopt curvature sensing technique and use the least square method for finding the amplitudes of the Zernike polynomials. This tool runs under the PC Linux system and the PC windows system with Linux emulators such as Cygwin. The program for UNIX system is used for optical alignment of 1.8M optical telescope at the Bohyunsan Optical Astronomical Observatory (BOAO) and the PC based program is used for the Korea Astronomy Observatory (KAO) wide field telescope (named NEOPAT-3). Our tool is found to be efficient for precise measurement of the optical aberrations of telescopes.

WinSingad: A real-time display for the singing studio

This paper describes the nature and implementation of a specially-designed integrated real-time display that is undergoing evaluation as part of a recently funded innovative pilot project to investigate the relative usefulness of computer displays in the singing studio. Following previous work that suggests that simple displays of a small number of analysis parameters are generally likely to be the most effective, the system makes available a range of complementary analyses that are plotted against time. These relate to: fundamental frequency, spectrum, spectral ratio, and vocal tract area. These can be viewed singly, multiply or in combination using a panel based design within the PC Windows environment, known as WinSingad. The algorithms used are described and the displays themselves are illustrated with results gained from the pilot phase of the research to indicate their potential usefulness.

BCVEGPY: an event generator for hadronic production of the Bc meson

We have written a Fortran program BCVEGPY, which is an event generator for the hadronic production of the B c meson through the dominant hard subprocess gg→B c(B c ∗)+b+ c ̄ . To achieve a compact program, we have written the amplitude of the subprocess with the particle helicity technique and made it as symmetric as possible, by decomposing the gluon self couplings and then applying the symmetries. To check the program, various cross sections of the subprocess have been computed numerically and compared with those in the literature. BCVEGPY is written in a PYTHIA-compatible format, thus it is easy to implement in PYTHIA. Program summary Title of program: BCVEGPY Version: 1.0 (September, 2003) Catalogue identifier: ADTJ Program summary URL: http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/ADTJ Program obtained from: CPC Program Library, Queen's University of Belfast, N. Ireland. Computer: Any computer with FORTRAN 77 compiler. The program has been tested on HP-SC45 Sigma-X workgroups, Linux PCs and Windows PCs with Visual Fortran. Operating systems: UNIX, Linux and Windows. Programming language used: FORTRAN 77. Memory required to execute with typical data: About 2.0 MB. No. of bytes in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 477630 No. of lines in distributed program, including test data, etc.: 66461 Distribution format: tar gzip file Nature of physical problem: Hadronic production of B c meson. Method of solution: Improved helicity-approach to the amplitude and symmetries of the amplitude itself have been used to compact the program so as to save cpu as possible as one can. The code with option can generate weighted and un-weighted events. For jet hadronization, an interface to PYTHIA is provided. Restrictions on the complexity of the problem: The hadronic production of the B c meson in the S-wave states, i.e. pseudo-scalar state ( 1S 0 ) and vector state ( 3S 1 ) are included by the ‘complete calculation’ approach. The hadronic production of B c meson in P-wave states has not been implemented into the BCVEGPY yet. Typical running time: It depends on which option one chooses to match PYTHIA when generating the B c events. Typically, if IDWTUP=1, then it takes about 20 hour on a 1.8 GHz Intel P4-processor machine to generate 1000 events; however if IDWTUP=3, to generate 10 6 events, it takes about 40 minutes only.

Implementing communication between Windows PCs and test equipment using RS-232 and Borland C++ Builder.

Modern experiments in the behavioral sciences frequently employ several items of electronic equipment such as computers, monitoring devices, stimulus presentation equipment, and response collection systems. In many cases it would be advantageous for these items to communicate directly with each other. Such communication may facilitate greater automation of experiments (i.e., reduced experimenter influences during the experiment), more precise experiment control (i.e., superior timing and synchronization capabilities of electronic devices), and greater accuracy of data collection (i.e., reduced ambiguity of participant responses). Many electronic experiment devices already provide external interfaces through which communication with other devices can be implemented. The most common is based on the RS-232 protocol, which is also found in all standard PCs. Therefore, Microsoft Windows based computers can be programmed to control experiments by communicating directly with electronic experiment devices. We show how to implement this RS-232 interconnection between devices and a Windows PC using currently available software tools.

WAM (Wald's Approximation Method): a user-friendly software program for efficient covariate model building

A new software utility (WAM) based on the efficient covariate model building algorithm proposed by Kowalski and Hutmacher (2001) is presented and will be made available on the NONMEM repository (ftp://ftp.globomaxnm.com/Public/nonmem/). The WAM software is a user-friendly freeware utility that ranks all 2k possible covariate sub-models (presence or absence of k covariate parameters) based on Wald's approximation to Schwarz's Bayesian Criterion (SBC). The utility generates NONMEM runs for the top M parsimonious models (i.e., highest M ranked SBCs where M is typically set to 10 or 15) and compares the actual (NONMEM) and approximate (Wald) SBCs to verify the adequacy of the approximation. The final parsimonious model is chosen corresponding to the model with the highest actual SBC among the conditionally ranked top M models. The utility requires the following: Minor coding conventions in the NONMEM control stream for the full model (all k covariate parameters included in the model simultaneously), Successful COV step estimation for the full model run, and Use of an external subroutine ($SUBROUTINE command) and/or verbatim code to output the estimates and covariance matrix from the full model fit. The WAM utility was written in C and was developed, tested and validated in a Windows PC environment; however, it is expected that the utility will be portable and should run under any operating system where NONMEM is supported. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2004) 75, P42–P42; doi: 10.1016/j.clpt.2003.11.158

Development of Distributed Processing System on PC Cluster

A distributed processing system has been developed, which is suitable for parameter surveys often carried out in the machine design with complicated processes such as structural analysis process, data conversion process and so on. The system consists of a Linux PC cluster and a graphical user interface on a Windows PC. An execution test showed that it was possible to maximize the efficiency of a job execution by reallocating computing load dynamically to each PC.

Emission Spectroscopy in the Undergraduate Laboratory

Simple lab experiments using an inexpensive, solid-state computerized spectrometer can help to introduce students to analytical emission spectroscopy. A series of experiments that employ an Ocean Optics spectrometer, a Windows PC, and a fiber optic pickup are described. Line spectra of mercury and hydrogen can be used for wavelength calibration and, in the case of hydrogen, used to determine the Rydberg constant and the spacing between the energy levels in hydrogen. Continuum sources include tungsten lamps and sunlight. Students can also examine mixed spectra; for example, the spectrum of a fluorescent light shows both line and continuum behavior as does the spectrum of a deuterium lamp. Molecular band emission is studied by obtaining the spectra of fireworks—our students used sparklers. The spectra of red, green, blue, and gold sparklers show both atomic lines and molecular bands. The wavelengths of the atomic lines, in conjunction with some basic reference tables, can be used to identify the composition...

New reaction simulator "LUMMOX" and its application for prediction of catalytic activities.

We developed a new reaction simulator, "LUMMOX." It is an intermolecular interaction analyzer based on the theories of paired interacting orbitals (PIOs) and localized frontier orbitals (LFOs) that have been developed by Fujimoto et al. (Fukui, K.; Koga, N.; Fujimoto, H. J Am Chem Soc 1981, 103, 196; Fujimoto, H.; Koga, N.; Fukui, K. J Am Chem Soc 1981, 103, 7452; Fujimoto, H.; Satoh, S. J Phys Chem 1994, 98, 1436). LUMMOX runs on a Windows PC and displays graphic representation of orbital interactions. Prediction of activities, selectivities, and molecular weight of olefin polymerization catalysts are presented using PIO analysis and LFO calculation. Not only computational chemists but also experimental chemists can easily use this new system for catalyst design or molecular design from the point of view of orbital interaction.

Waiting for 4.1

What better way to clarify a topic and allow it to come alive than to provide students with a way to actually see it? Images, diagrams, and flowcharts can draw students in. Animated, interactive materials can provide an even bigger pull. Since my own skills in both drawing and interpretive dance are quite limited, I always look for multimedia containing strong background material and thought-provoking, timely topics. Materials that make the final cut must also meet other criteria: the presentation must be clear, I must be able to run the materials on my lecture hall computers and make them available for the students for viewing outside of class, and presentation and navigation ease are important. When considering use in undergraduate classes, the Roche Genetics: Education Program CD-ROM version 4.0 meets some, but not all, of these criteria. Its main shortcomings lie in its lack of proofreading.

Win lals for a linked-atom least-square refinement program for helical polymers on windows PCs

Fiber diffraction dada from polymers are sufficiently different in kind and quantity from single crystal data as to warrant analyses with a different emphasis: refinement of competing molecular models where torsion angles and bond angles are the explicit variables rather than atomic coordinates. The first linked-atom least-squares ( lals) refinement program had been devolved at Arnott's laboratories at King's College London [Arnott, S., Wonacott, A.J., 1966a. Polymer 7, 157] on mainframe and several revised versions were maintained at Purdue University [Smith, P.J.C., Arnott, S., 1978. Acta Crystallogr. Sect. A 34, 3; Chandrasekan, R. 2000. lals Users Manual, Whistler Centre for Carbohydrate Researchm Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN] on workstation. Today the lals users have to choose correctly any one program that they want to use, trigonometric or Bessel functions, from some versions. To develop a new win lals program based on the dimensioned version of the latest lals2000 program [ lals Users Manual (2000)], we reviewed all the mathematical expressions and corrected the optimization of the non-bonded atomic contact terms. The win lals is coded with fortran 90 and runs on microsoft-windows PCs and the many amendments including changing input/output assignments, expanding array sizes, arranging that the update files have all output parameters of each cycle, and correcting several bugs are performed. This paper describes the mathematical expressions in detail employed in win lals and compares results of its applications obtained with those obtained earlier.

Mdsplus data acquisition in RFX and its integration in legacy systems

The current reconstruction of the RFX power supplies requires a re-engineering of the data acquisition system. The use of mdsplus has been retained, based however on a different architectural organisation. This has been possible as mdsplus is available under many software platforms, including windows and several flavours of unix. The RFX data acquisition architecture defines now a set of compactPCI (cPCI) crates, each hosting a CPU running embedded linux. Each CPU supervises local data acquisition, possibly performing data pre-processing to reduce the amount of data to be stored. Communication among distributed components is achieved using mdsip, the TCP/IP-based data communication layer of mdsplus. This distributed approach allows also the integration of legacy CAMAC-based data acquisition systems and new diagnostic systems using windows PCs for data acquisition. The same approach has been taken for integrating mdsplus subsystems in other experiments, such as spectroscopic and Thomson Scattering diagnostics currently used at FTU and TCV, respectively.

Computer Simulation Supporting Control Engineering Teaching

Teaching is a very complex and demanding human activity. The computers together with network technology have made it possible to utilise computer based learning material for supporting the teaching of control engineering. This has been found also at the Control Engineering in the University of Oulu, where computer based learning material called CALEXX has been developed during many years. Especially interactive examples, animations and simulations make the understanding of control engineering illustrative and easier, because the students can “experiment” with situations, which would be too expensive or too dangerous in real life.Different computer simulators have been developed for examining the operation and control of different processes as rotary drying in mining and mineral industry, plate rolling mill in steel industry, freeness control in grinding mill in pulp industry and PVC manufacturing in chemical industry. The simulators are running in a Windows PC in the MATLAB or MATLAB Web Server environments. The simulators are an important part of the training material CALEXX.

Silicon strip detectors for two-dimensional soft X-ray imaging at normal incidence

A simple prototype system for static two-dimensional soft X-ray imaging using silicon microstrip detectors irradiated at normal incidence is presented. Radiation sensors consist of single-sided silicon detectors made from 300μm thick wafers, read by RX64 ASICs. Data acquisition and control is performed by a Windows PC workstation running dedicated LabVIEW routines, connected to the sensors through a PCI-DIO-96 interface.Two-dimensional images are obtained by scanning a lead collimator with a thin slit perpendicular to the strip axis, along the whole detector size; the several strip profiles (slices) taken at each position are then put together to form a planar image.Preliminary results are presented, illustrating the high-resolution imaging capabilities of the system with soft X-rays.