Window Panes Research Articles

Is the thermal transmittance of air-filled inclined multi-glazing windows similar to that of vertical ones?

By focusing on the effect of inclination angle on the thermal transmittance of glazing systems, this paper investigates the flow structure and heat transfer of air-filled uncoated multi glazed windows since the design of inclined windows are mostly considered as vertical ones in the construction sector. Revealing the influences of tilt angle on the energy saving performance of these type of window units is one of the main objectives of this study in which the examined parameters are not limited to inclination angle, which is considered from θ = 0 to 90°, but also includes air layer thickness ranging from L = 6 to 18 mm and number of panes (namely, double, triple and quadruple pane window units, without considering the window frames and edge seals). The outcomes of the computations are presented by streamline and isotherm contours which give a solid opinion about the flow and heat transfer inside the gap of the glazed windows, and also U-values which provide a quantitative understanding. The results showed that the air layer thickness optimized for vertical glazing units can be considered for inclined installation on condition that θ ≥ 45°. However, at lower inclination angles the air layer thickness should be optimized considering the inclination angle and number of panes as increasing the layer thickness above L > 9 mm may increase the thermal transmittance of glazing unit. The risk of increasing U-value with larger air layer applied to inclined surface reduces by using more panes.

Common cold among young adults in China without a history of asthma or allergic rhinitis - associations with warmer climate zone, dampness and mould at home, and outdoor PM10 and PM2.5

This paper studied associations between reported common cold and home dampness and mould, cleaning habits and ventilation, climate and outdoor air pollution in China among young adults without asthma or allergic rhinitis. Parents of children attending day care in eight Chinese cities answered a questionnaire on their health and home environment (75% response rate). We restricted the population to subject without asthma or allergic rhinitis (N = 37,275). Temperature and air pollution data was obtained from monitoring stations. Associations were estimated by multilevel logistic regression. Totally 12.5% reported common cold (≥3 colds) and 1.6% frequent common cold (≥5 colds) in the past 12 months. Female gender (OR = 1.53; 95% CI 1.37–1.71), residents in southern China (OR = 1.89; 95% CI 1.16–3.07) and living in homes with water leakage (OR = 1.32; 95% CI 1.16–1.50), mould odour (OR = 1.48; 95% CI 1.28–1.72), indoor mould (OR = 1.47; 95% CI 1.28–1.70), condensation on window panes (OR = 1.42; 95% CI 1.32–1.52) and damp bed clothing (OR = 1.19; 95% CI 1.11–1.28) were associated with common cold. Having many signs of dampness increased ORs. Daily cleaning (OR = 0.91; 95% CI 0.85–0.97) and mechanical ventilation in kitchen or bathroom (OR = 0.75; 95% CI 0.64–0.89) were protective. Higher mean ambient temperature (OR = 1.11 per °C; 95% CI 1.02–1.21), PM10 (OR = 1.17 per 10 μg/m3; 95% CI 1.14–1.21) and PM2.5 (OR = 1.28 per 10 μg/m3; 95% CI 1.20–1.37) were associated with common cold. The association with particulate air pollution was stronger in southern China. Similar associations were found for frequent common cold. In conclusion, indoor dampness and mould, a warmer climate and PM10 and PM2.5 can be associated with reported common cold. Further intervention and prospective studies are needed to verify causality of observed association in this cross-sectional study.

Chromogenic materials in smart windows for angular-selective filtering of solar radiation

A new approach to the use of chromogenic materials in smart windows to optimize the amount of daylight and solar energy indoors is presented. A smart window with a grating optical filter dinamically adapting to the position of the Sun due to parallel strips of chromogenic materials on two surfaces of window pane(s) provides angular filtering of the solar radiation without using the light redistribution devices. Based on methods for calculating optimum slope angle of the strips on the pane(s), their widths and relative position on two surfaces, equations are obtained for calculating the transmittance of the grating filter with chromogenic strips. Angular and temporal characteristics of the transmittance calculated using these equations demonstrate the angular selectivity of a smart window with chromogenic filter compared to a conventional smart window, fully glazed with chromogenic glass. In addition, such a window attenuates the direct solar radiation in a preset angular range and transmits the diffused radiation providing comfortable daylighting and temperature indoors, unlike conventional smart windows which in an active state attenuate not only direct but also diffused radiation.

Correlation between air and sound propagation to determine air permeability of buildings for single/double wood pane windows

Building air leakage is a very important criterion on which one building could be differentiated from another one. It can lead to a huge impact on several important parameters inside a building, like energy consumption or indoor air quality. There are several possibilities for its determination, and it could be highlighted three major categories: experimental determinations, predicting models or simulations programs. As the experimental approach is difficult to be conducted being weather dependent or time consuming and the predicting models could lead to errors up to 100%, in this paper we aim to present a novel experimental method for determining the air permeability of a building, by measuring the sound pressure level difference between outdoor-indoor of the analyzed façade. An experimental campaign was conducted using the Blower Door method and an acoustic approach determining the impact of the window’s type on the airtightness of a façade. In extension, the correlation between the two transfer phenomena was highlighted throughout a mathematical model. Multiple acoustical parameters that could influence the air leakage determinations were analyzed. The importance of the reverberation time of the analyzed chamber in the acoustical transfer phenomenon was determined and a practical nomogram was developed.

Book Review

Book Review

Cluster Analysis of IR Thermography Data for Differentiating Glass Types in Historical Leaded-Glass Windows

Infrared thermography is a fast, non-destructive and contactless testing technique which is increasingly used in heritage science. The aim of this study was to assess the ability of infrared thermography, in combination with a data clustering approach, to differentiate between the different types of historical glass that were included in a colorless leaded-glass windows during previous restoration interventions. Inspection of the thermograms and the application of two data mining techniques on the thermal data, i.e., k-means clustering and hierarchical clustering, allowed identifying different groups of window panes that show a different thermal behavior. Both clustering approaches arrive at similar groupings of the glass with a clear separation of three types. However, the lead cames that hold the glass panes appear to have a substantial impact on the thermal behavior of the surrounding glass, thus preventing classification of the smallest glass panes. For the larger panes, this was not a critical issue as the center of the glass remained unaffected. Subtle visual color differences between panes, implying a variation in coloring metal ions, was not always distinguished by IRT. Nevertheless, data clustering assisted infrared thermography shows potential as an efficient and swift method for documenting the material intervention history of leaded-glass windows during or in preparation of conservation treatments.

Energy Savings in an Office Building with High WWR Using Glazing Systems Combining Thermochromic and Electrochromic Layers

This paper assesses energy savings in terms of heating, cooling, and artificial lighting achieved in an office building with a high Window to Wall Ratio (WWR), located in Athens and Stockholm. Six different configurations of triple pane windows combining thermochromic, electrochromic, and low-e coatings in Insulated Glass Units (IGUs) are examined to quantify the potential of increasing energy savings in office buildings. The combination of electrochromic and thermochromic layers on the outer pane of the triple IGU, achieved an 18.5% and 8.1% reduction in annual primary energy use for Athens and Stockholm, respectively. The used switching strategy ensured the visual comfort of the employees and provided adequate daylight in both cases. It was found that in Stockholm the cooling system can be downsized considerably, achieving important cost reduction in the HVAC system. The analysis also takes into account the reduction of thermal storage in the building envelope due to the switchable windows. This reduction is beneficial in the case of Athens, but it can reduce energy savings in Stockholm. Therefore, for colder climates, it is important to increase window heat gains through the development of layers with higher g-value in the clear state and through the application of appropriate switching strategies.

BotRisk: simulating the annual bunch rot risk on grapevines (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Riesling) based on meteorological data

The aim of the present investigations was to simulate the annual risk of bunch rot (Botrytis cinerea) on Vitis vinifera L. cv. Riesling grapes based on three long-term (n= 3 × 7 = 21 cases) assessment data sets originating from three Central European grape-growing regions. Periods when meteorological parameters were significantly (p< 0.01) correlated with the cumulative degree day (CDD7;18;24) reaching 5% disease severity were determined by Window Pane analysis. Analyses revealed five critical weather constellations ("events") influencing annual epidemics: relatively low temperatures after bud break, dry conditions during flowering, high temperatures after flowering, and low temperatures and high precipitation sums during/after veraison were all associated with thermal-temporal early epidemics. Meteorological data in each of the five events served as input for the bunch rot risk model "BotRisk." The multiple linear regression model resulted in an adjusted coefficient of determination (R2adj.) of 0.63. BotRisk enables (i) the simulation of the thermal-temporal position of the annual epidemic and, based on this, (ii) the classification of the annual bunch rot risk into three classes: low, medium, or high risk. According to leave-one-out cross-validation, 11 of 21 case studies were correctly classified. No systematic bias caused by location was observed, indicating that the transfer of the model into other locations with comparable climatic conditions could be possible. BotRisk (i) represents a novel viticultural decision support tool for crop cultural and chemical measures against bunch rot and (ii) enables an estimation of the bunch rot risk under changing environmental conditions.

Experimental assessment of sound insulation performance of a double window with porous absorbent materials its cavity perimeter

As described herein, the sound insulation performance of a double window with absorbent materials on the perimeter of its cavity is studied experimentally. Two experiments are used to measure the sound reduction indices. The first experiment was performed with a double window composed of commercially available products. The second was conducted with a model constructed of two acrylic panels: a simplified model of a double window with a cavity between the panes. As the result of the first experiment, the improvement in reduction index obtained by the attached absorbent was around 4 dB. In the second experiment, though some negative effect was observed at low frequencies, the increase in reduction index was about 12 dB at maximum. Consequently, the following findings were obtained: (1) Acoustic transmission characteristics of a double window are affected mainly by resonances of two types: mass-air-mass resonance of window panes and the air cavity, and the acoustic mode resonances of the air cavity in-between; (2) acoustic mode resonance is suppressed by attaching absorbent materials on the inside of the cavity of window. Consequently, the sound reduction index increases.

Contact Angle Hysteresis – Advantages and Disadvantages: A Critical Review

The existence of contact angle hysteresis – the difference between the values of the advancing and receding contact angles – is evident in nature (e.g. sticking of rain drops to car windscreens and window panes) and many industrial processes (e.g. surface coating, spraying, and dyeing of fabrics). This phenomenon is often viewed as a nuisance, but it is advantageous in many processes including dip and spin coating, spraying, and painting. With the early theoretical framework of Thomas Young, Robert Wenzel, and A. B. D. Cassie and S. Baxter, describing the wettability of solid surfaces and by extension contact angle, contact angle hysteresis has been deeply investigated. We review here the various ways of measuring contact angle and, consequently, contact angle hysteresis as well as related theoretical models. The successes and limitations of these models are highlighted. We conclude with the advantages and disadvantages of contact angle hysteresis whose presence in many processes is often considered as a nuisance, especially when "coffee stain" forms from the evaporation of a volatile liquid drop containing nonvolatile components.

Toward Improved Optical Transparency of Polyimide Aerogels.

Highly translucent polyimide aerogels were prepared by combining equimolar amounts of pyromellitic dianhydride, 4,4'-hexafluoroisopropylidene di(phthalic anhydride) (6FDA), and 2,2'-dimethylbenzidine and cross-linking with 1,3,5-benzenetricarbonyl trichloride. A multivariable statistical design of experiments was used to perform a comparison study between three variables used to fabricate the aerogels: formulated repeat unit (n) of polyimide oligomers, 6FDA fraction of total dianhydride (0-50 mol %), and total polymer concentration in solution (7-10 wt %). Polymers with 25 mol % 6FDA in the backbone structure were found to produce polyimide aerogels with high optical transmission and low haze. These aerogels also possessed higher surface areas and very narrow nanoscale pore size distribution. Because of the decreased thermal conductivity with increasing amount of 6FDA in the backbone, these aerogels may find use where the combination of high optical transparency and thermal impedance is desired, such as insulated window panes. To this end, future efforts will focus on reducing the yellow color of the polyimide aerogels.

Green federal tax credits impact on US housing prices

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate whether increases in homeowner green amenities occurred because of income tax credits to the degree that changes in housing prices are measurable. Are higher incomes, lower mortgage rates and green income-tax credits impacting housing price changes?Design/methodology/approachThe paper uses the least-squares regression model with natural log specifications. The log of income and a dummy variable, which was assigned to the Energy Policy Act (2005) and the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (2009) coverage dates are used as independent variables. Two regression models were examined using monthly housing price data from January 1990 through the year 2018. The first regression model used a single dummy variable for credits available under the Policy Act of 2005 and the Recovery Act of 2009. The second regression model considered the credits granted under these two laws separately. Disposable income per capita impacts demands for housing while green upgrade expenditures affect the cost of housing.FindingsThe laws set low credit limits of $500 followed by $1,500 but because of the multiplier effect, the spending appears to have magnified and been much higher. The credit availability variables have positive coefficients and were significant at 1 per cent. This implies that single-family housing prices were sensitive to the existence of residential energy property income-tax credits. TheR2results were 0.93 or above for both models.Research limitations/implicationsThe data used was aggregated and publicly available online. Many studies use aggregated macroeconomic data when modeling housing prices using the exogenous variable of disposable income but there is no substitute for examining individual homes by location and their sales price to see under what conditions green income-tax credits have the most impact. There could be demographic issues that are missed when using aggregated information.Practical implicationsSpending on heating/cooling systems, dual pane windows and other green amenities keeps the housing stock modernized and housing prices steady or rising. An additional benefit is that spending motivated by self-interest can simulate household consumption spending. Houses deteriorate due to wear and tear. Physical-repairable depreciation represents a situation where maintenance funds are continuously needing to be spent. Repairs and upgrades to the structure of the property keep its price stable by stopping the physical depreciation that would otherwise occur with the passage of time.Social implicationsThe paper provides support for the idea that residential green amenity upgrades positively impact the value of a house. These green-amenity upgrades, which other research studies have suggested should be included explicitly in the appraisal process, are a major characteristic of a property when a price estimate is being done. Housing being sold should have a section on the information sheet noting the property green upgrades that exist and an energy efficiency score should be assigned to each house listed for sale.Originality/valueThere are few (if any) academic research papers studying the impact of green tax credits available under the Energy Policy Act (2005) and under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (2009). The degree to which green income-tax credits stimulate spending on housing has not been addressed by researchers. This paper is an initial research attempt to quantify whether these legislative efforts measurably encouraged homeowners to adopt newer, greener technologies.

Istanbul → Gaziantep

Istanbul → Gaziantep James Byrne (bio) for F Guilty as privilege. To be here where you should be. But not here. Weighing kofte bari, çemen otu behind the splint-fillings of Yeni mosque. No words for no word from the smuggler broker. To call. Not to call. To be left waiting on the end of the line. To uselessly pull apart Kurdish rugs, haggling over prices as they price you up. Money rots. Your elders are cashed out/into the unravelling bribe. Call it what it is. Wary over WhatsApp [Delete this………Delete]. Red blush tomatoes slip too easily down the throat. Mesopotamian host eyes up the cost of an oil truck stuttering across the Bosporus. You are crammed around your uncle’s TV watching Premier League reruns. Choose wisely not to celebrate, sliding in the winning goal on Cox’s beach. You turn your face into someone else. Your name into Bangla. Send the visa a week ahead but still the flight grounds another and again. On Büyükada, a Turkish flag severs the landing boat. You wait, linger at water like the Marmaran sea tunnelling into white haze. To hear no news changes nothing. Everything. A crow shatters the window pane. Stares at its own reflection. Unable to fly. Dilek Taşi. Place a hand on the wish column. The sweating column. Laugh out your tears on the weeping column. Scree your hand anti-clockwise. Cool it on a marble jar from Pergamon. If the muzzein’s voice holds until the last note, it rings for truth. But whose? One wish. To walk freely through Imaret’s gate. As if leaving were simplicity. One footstep to another. For you to travel anywhere without so much as a bow. Without fear of misdirection. The security guard at the door rattles prayer beads behind his back. Another counts tourists through the treasury chamber to a Minbar where Mary rings the dome, holds her immaculate son on the divan’s white eiderdown. That you could walk from the Malfili of Murad aligning yourself with the blue/green mosaics and speak your name: Allah. Jesus. That the hand of another will carry you through the sky. The holy texts are bound by the same tiles but the Imams’ translation of the ten commandments does not fit, says the guidebook. And yet all the gold in the bazaar passes beyond [End Page 51] skin. On the diesis, a precursor asks Christ to intercede on the behalf of humanity. Hand poised, but the eyes look past you asking: why? A blue dome’s improbable fold leaves no room for error. How the light breaks through. You do not trust it you say (since no one can be trusted). Don’t tell them any names or dates. Wipe out the messages as you go. A signature innocuous as the mark of a fingernail clawing at a wall. No one is working on Hagia’s southern restoration, but the scaffold remains. It has been like this for years now says the guide shuffling in a cast of expensively bored Russians. Place your hand on the column, ask for someone else’s luck. For the garden of Constance to unlock. For the emperor’s green door (güzel kapi, the Beautiful Door) to open just for you. Dilek Taşi. Place your hand on the wish column. Sweat out the mythamous of history. Laugh your tears loud. Under Sofia, Medusa’s head is caught sideways by Perseus, Poseidon [insert other names here]. The column trickles down, 100 ft filled, it’s said, with the tears of slaves. In the darkness you thought no one was looking, but he is here always, changeable as sky: Christ to Apollonius. In the dark, unsure, unbeliever, to pray beyond the everywhere corruptibility of it all. Because anyone should be free to walk through a door and drink in this sun, this stiff air. for C Town of the wounded veteran. To Gaziantep from where did you come? The same question asked each day. Are farmers burning off the pistachio fields, or is it something else? The burning of the bomb. A boy lights up the wickertip of a pomegranate and feints...

ANALISIS PERFORMA METODE K-NEAREST NEIGHBOR UNTUK IDENTIFIKASI JENIS KACA

Nowadays, the industry makes various types of goods that have glass-based materials, float car window panes, non-float building windows, lamps, jars, and tableware. These glasses have the same production material, the difference between one and the other is the composition of the production material. K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) algorithm which is one of the classification methods in data mining and also a supervised learning algorithm in machine learning is a method for classifying objects based on learning data that is the closest distance to the object.. This study discusses the performance measurement (accuracy, precision, recall and f-measure) of the KNN method with a variety of values on 1000 glass type production data objects obtained from the central UCI Machine Learning Repository dataset. The conclusion of this research is the results of the value of K = 3 to K = 9, the best performance values obtained at K = 3, where the level of accuracy reaches 64%, 63% precision, 71% recall, and F-Measure of 67%.

EFFECT OF SURPRISE INSPECTIONS ON THE CLEANLINESS OF INPATIENT AREAS OF A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

BACKGROUND : Good housekeeping plays an important role not only for patient satisfaction, its role in prevention of hospital acquired infections has been established beyond doubt. Satisfaction surveys are ways to finding patients’ perception of cleanliness, but for improving cleanliness accountability and monitoring performance play important role. AIM: The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of random surprise visual inspections/audits on cleanliness in the in-patient wards of a tertiary care hospital in the National Capital Territory, India. METHODS: Surprise inspections/audits were conducted based on key performance indicators to objectively assess the cleanliness at variable intervals of time in the various patient care areas like medical, paediatric, surgical, and critical care units. The areas were sub-classified into staff, patient and common sub-areas each with measurable element like cleaning of toilets, cleaning equipment, patient beds, etc. for which “yes” (=1) or “no” (=0) was marked. Percentages were calculated for the scores achieved. Analysis for Chi square linear trend in proportions was also done. Data which were non-normally distributed in two groups Wilcoxon sign rank test was used. RESULTS: Deficiencies observed in the first audit were poor general cleaning of toilets, non-availability of supplies, poor general cleanliness of nursing station, office and sanitation equipment, staff duty room, walls, floors, window panes, window sills, bedside screens and tables, curtains and fixtures. As audits progressed, there was a steady progress in the cleanliness observed, overall scores progressed from 47 % in August (n=1), 60 % in September (n=05), 78 % in October (n=11), 83 % in November (n=04) but dipped to 76% in December (n=07). CONCLUSION: Regular surprise hospital cleanliness inspections/audits led to significant improvement of cleanliness which was then sustained till the inspections were carried. Keywords: hospital, audit, cleaning, India Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:Table Normal; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0cm; mso-para-margin-right:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:8.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:107%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:Calibri,sans-serif; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:Times New Roman; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}

Highly ductile amorphous oxide at room temperature and high strain rate.

Oxide glasses are an integral part of the modern world, but their usefulness can be limited by their characteristic brittleness at room temperature. We show that amorphous aluminum oxide can permanently deform without fracture at room temperature and high strain rate by a viscous creep mechanism. These thin-films can reach flow stress at room temperature and can flow plastically up to a total elongation of 100%, provided that the material is dense and free of geometrical flaws. Our study demonstrates a much higher ductility for an amorphous oxide at low temperature than previous observations. This discovery may facilitate the realization of damage-tolerant glass materials that contribute in new ways, with the potential to improve the mechanical resistance and reliability of applications such as electronic devices and batteries.

A glass that won't break

Glasses Oxide glasses are important for applications ranging from smartphone screens to window panes. One familiar feature of glass is that it fractures and shatters when rapidly deformed, limiting the number of potential uses. However, Frankberg et al. found that they could deform thin films of glassy alumina (Al2O3) with high strain rates at room temperature (see the Perspective by Wondraczek). This surprising observation is supported by simulations of the material that show that dense and flawless glassy alumina samples can deform this way. The discovery provides important insight into designing new glasses that might be more fracture resistant. Science , this issue p. [864][1]; see also p. [804][2] [1]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.aav1254 [2]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.aaz2127

A CASE STUDY OF BIPV APPLICATION TOWARDS GREEN BUILDING

This paper focuses on the reduction of dependency on conventional sources of energy. The main aim of this paper is to do analysis of conversion of the current building into a green building using solar panels to harness solar energy and reducing the dependency on the conventional source. A workshop in Mumbai is considered for the calculation of heat load using MS EXCEL heat load calculation sheet. U factors for different components of the buildings such as walls, roofs, window panes are taken from ASHRAE table. Other factors such as equipment load, light load, fresh air per person, occupancy etc., are also taken into consideration. Heat load is calculated for each room separately and then summed up for the entire building. This cooling demand of current building was met by conventional electricity supply. Photo-Voltaic modules are incorporated to the building to harness the solar energy and meet some of the cooling demands of the building and thus reducing its dependency on conventional source. To convert the current building into a Green building, several LEED criteria are considered and reduction in the cooling demand of the existing building is achieved by thermal insulation of walls and roofs and glazed window panes.

Warm Forming Behavior of Magnesium Alloy Sheet in Manufacturing of Window Regulator Rail

Recently, as the demands to improve automotive fuel efficiency grow, several attempts are being conducted on the development of lightweight automotive components using magnesium (Mg) alloy sheets having the highest specific strength among metal materials. In a window regulator module which is a switchgear that raises and lowers the automotive side window pane, the weight of the rail accounts for about 40 % of the total weight, while the production cost of the rail is about 10 % of the total cost, that is the weight reduction effect is higher than the cost burden. Therefore, the application of Mg alloy sheets to the window regulator rails is more likely to be commercialized. The aim of this study is to investigate the warm forming behavior of Mg alloy sheets in the manufacturing of window regulator rails at the temperature range from 150 to 250 °C. AZ31B Mg alloy sheets with a thickness of 1.4 mm were used, and their mechanical properties were evaluated at the warm temperature range. The warm forming behavior was predicted by the finite element simulation. Based on the simulation results, the Mg alloy window regulator rail was successfully manufactured without fracture using the warm forming.

Association between early life indoor environment factors and prevalence and onset of asthma/allergic disease among preschool children in Taiyuan

TPS 752: Respiratory effects and allergies, Exhibition Hall, Ground floor, August 27, 2019, 3:00 PM - 4:30 PM Background: Indoor environment factors can influence asthma and allergic disease in preschool children but few studies are available on associations between early life exposure and incidence/remission of children’s disease in their early childhood. Methods: Data on children’s symptoms and home environment factors were collected from questionnaires completed by parents of children from 10 kindergartens in Taiyuan, China. Binary logistic regression models and reduced regression models were used to analyze associations between indoor environment factors and children’s symptoms (wheeze, rhinitis and eczema). Results: Visible mold [OR=1.60(1.24, 2.07)], window pane condensation [OR=1.22(1.02, 1.47)], moldy odor [OR=1.90(1.34, 2.87)], air dryness [OR=1.40(1.15, 1.71)] and stuffy odor [OR=1.53(1.24, 1.88)] were associated with prevalence of rhinitis. Visible mold [OR=1.53(1.12, 2.11)], air dryness [OR=1.42(1.11, 1.83)] and stuffy odor [OR=1.58(1.23, 2.04)] have association with prevalence of wheeze. Stuffy odor [OR=1.39(1.03, 1.88)] and pets [OR=1.73(1.20, 2.49)] have association with eczema in the first 2 years. Comparing the prevalence of children’s symptoms in the first 2 years and last year, visible mold [OR=1.51(1.08,2.91), 1.63(1.22,2.18), 1.92(1.13,3.24)], air dryness [OR=1.78(1.39,2.28), 1.46(1.18,1.81), 2.10(1.37,3.21)] and new furniture or renovation [OR=1.37(1.07,1.75), 1.31(1.07,1.61), 1.65(1.08,2.54)] have positive associations with the onset of children’s wheeze, rhinitis and eczema symptoms from first 2 years to last year of children, respectively. Conclusion: The results showed that exposure to visible mold can be a risk factor for both prevalence and incidence of children’s asthma/allergic symptoms. Indoor air quality (air dryness, moldy odor, stuffy odor and new furniture or renovation) can influence childhood asthma later in life. Early life exposure to mold and dampness should be avoided at home. Chemical emissions during early life from new furniture or renovation can also be a health problem.