Wind Maximum Power Point Tracking Research Articles

MPPT 를 위한 PMSG 풍력터빈시스템에 대한 분수-차수 슬라이딩 모드 제어기 및 분수-차수 확장상태 관측기 설계

This paper designs a fractional-order sliding mode control (FSMC) of a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG)-based wind energy conversion system, where attempts to extract the maximum wind power point tracking (MPPT). The combination of generator nonlinearities and parameter uncertainties may be issued to obtain the desired maximum wind power. A robust FSMC and fractional-order extended state observer are considered to address the given challenges and yield the enhanced control performance of the PMSG based wind turbine system by the MPPT technique. Simulations are carried out to examine the proposed control system for two cases with the variable step and randomly varied wind speed conditions. The simulation results verified the effectiveness and superiority of the FSMC system compared with the conventional control methods.

Optimal MPPT and BES Control for Grid-Tied DFIG-Based Wind Energy Conversion System

As the wind energy is progressively pursued to supplement conventional power generation, the stochastic wind behavior considerably deteriorates power quality (PQ) and stability of the connected grid. This article is attributed to the comprehensive control design of the grid-integrated doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) wind energy system that aims to address encountered wind variability and PQ intricacies. Battery energy storage with bidirectional dc–dc converter control is assimilated at the dc-link of the DFIG that regulates the dc-link voltage to mitigate the wind power fluctuations in specified grid power modes. A higher order adaptive control for grid-interfaced converter accurately computes desired weights of various components to exercise accurate power balance and PQ control. Moreover, a novel Jaya particle swarm optimization algorithm is adopted for the optimal tuning of wind maximum power point tracking and the dc-link voltage PI controller parameters that significantly improves steady-state and dynamic responses of both the controllers. The rotor speed converges faster with precise reference tracking that leads to almost zero steady-state error using optimized PI controller gains. Along with the attenuated initial overshoot and fast settling time during sudden large step wind speed change, the dc-link voltage also characterizes superior response with optimal tuning during load unbalance and abnormal grid voltage conditions. The presented control strategy analyzes the capability of DFIG system under variable wind-speed changes, specified grid power modes, load changes, and other grid disturbances. The satisfactory system response is endorsed through experimental results conducted on a laboratory prototype.

Decentralized Grid-Forming Control Strategy and Dynamic Characteristics Analysis of High-Penetration Wind Power Microgrids

As wind power generation transits from centralized development mode to decentralized on-site consumption mode, microgrid (MG) can provide an efficient solution for wind power integration into the distribution network. However, the high-penetration wind power MG is the typical weak power grid system. The traditional wind turbine generator (WTG) participates in system frequency regulation through grid-following current source, which relies on the phase-locked loop for voltage phase synchronization and is unable to provide strong frequency support in weak power grid conditions. To fill this gap, this paper presents a decentralized grid-forming control strategy of high-penetration wind power MG. A wind power adaptive dynamic droop mechanism considering wind energy characteristics and rotor speed dynamic is proposed, cooperating with the implementation of wind maximum power point tracking (MPPT) for economical operation. A detailed small-signal model for voltage source wind power-based system considering electromechanical transients and adaptive droop mechanism is developed. The dominant modes are figured out and the critical control parameters are established and optimized. The proposed wind power adaptive droop mechanism can effectively provide frequency regulation and robust control performance. Theoretical analysis, time-domain simulation results and hardware-in-the-loop experiments under various scenarios verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed strategy.

High performance state‐flow based MPPT technique for micro WECS

Wind energy conversion systems (WECSs) accommodate promising position in global energy market. Due to the dependency of the extracted wind power on various environmental aspects, as wind speed, the relation between the wind power and the turbine speed is highly non-linear. Hence, maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques are mandatory. Conventional perturb and observe MPPT technique suffers well-known oscillation-settling time trade-off. In this study, a state-flow based wind MPPT technique is proposed offering two degree of freedom, namely dedicated sample time and super-stepping as WECS is considered to be multi-rate multi-input single-output control system. In addition to being graphically user-friendly and written-code-free, the presented technique offers enhanced operation, minimal oscillations and fast response. Simulations, in addition to experimental results, covering various operating conditions are presented to advocate the effectiveness of the proposed technique.

Sensorless wind energy conversion system maximum power point tracking using Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy cerebellar model articulation control

In this paper, we propose a sensorless wind energy conversion system (WECS) maximum wind power point tracking using Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy cerebellar model articulation control (T-S CMAC). The main objective of the WECS is to achieve maximum power transfer under various wind speeds without actual measurement of the wind velocity. We first represent the WECS, which uses a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG), as a nonlinear dynamical model. To carry out the T-S CMAC design, we rewrite the WECS model as a T-S fuzzy representation. The T-S CMAC design is inspired by the architectural similarity of the T-S fuzzy control and CMAC where accordingly the PDC design control gains and weighting parameter are augmented into a single vector. The advantages of this approach are 3-fold: (i) increases accuracy of CMAC initial weights – we assign the initial weights of CMAC using the control gains solved by the LMIs from the PDC design; (ii) introduces adaptive ability in LMI-based design – the CMAC design allows time-varying parameters in the system; and (iii) relaxes assumption on system uncertainty – we drop the assumption that a strict upper bound on system uncertainty is known. Numerical simulations under various wind speeds show exponential convergence results which further verify the theoretical derivations.

Research on the Effects of Iron Loss to the Maximum Wind Power Point Tracking

In the traditional motor-side converter control strategy of double-fed induction generator, because of the stator resistance led to the observation of the accuracy of the stator flux is affected. Academia therefore put forward a lot of improvements, but little attention to the impact of the iron loss. Due to the iron loss exists of double-fed induction generator during operation, and the size of the iron loss change with the wind speed will led to the accuracy of Maximum Power Point Tracking. This paper presents a new control strategy and through MATLAB simulation demonstrates the effective of the strategy.

A MPPT Strategy for Wind Power PMSG System with Full Power Converter

The direct-drive permanent-magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) system with full power converter can achieve wind maximum power point tracking (MPPT) in wide range variation of wind-speed. In this paper an operating characteristic of PMSG is investigated, a MPPT strategy based on hill climbing method for PMSG are present. Simulation and experimental results show that the controllers can extract maximum wind power in good dynamic performance.

The Study of Maximum Power Point Tracking Control for DFIG based on PSCAD

In recent years, wind power has been developed rapidly. Doubly fed induction generator becomes the main model of wind power become the mainstream due to its high wind energy utilization efficiency and reactive power controllability. On the basis of analyzing the principle and mathematical model of DFIG, dual-loop control system based on the stator flux oriented vector control of DFIG was established, and active and reactive power decoupling control is realized. This paper shows speed control model and power control model which are control modes of the maximum wind power point tracking (MPPT). Simulation results show the control system has good performance and power control mode is more practical and stable than speed control mode.